JP7197437B2 - LAMINATED PRODUCT LAYER PLANNING METHOD, LAMINATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING METHOD AND MANUFACTURING APPARATUS - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a laminate planning method for a laminate-molded article, a laminate-molded article manufacturing method, and a manufacturing apparatus.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for modeling using 3D printers as a means of production, and research and development are proceeding toward the practical use of modeling using metal materials. A 3D printer that models metal materials uses a heat source such as a laser, an electron beam, or an arc to melt metal powder or metal wire, and laminates the molten metal to produce a layered product.

As a metal 3D printer that forms a modeled object on a base plate by arc welding, a rigid plate in which the modeling table and the base are separated by spacers is provided detachably from the modeling table and the base. There is known a method in which a rigid plate is submerged in a cooling medium when molding an object, and secondary processing is performed together with the rigid plate after molding (see Patent Document 1).

In addition, we receive conditions related to the material property values, molding conditions, and size of the object to be molded by additive manufacturing, and based on these conditions and the constraint conditions that quantify the restraint state around the molten pool generated during molding. There is known a technique of calculating the inherent strain from the linear expression of the inherent strain derived by the method (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2017-144446 A JP 2018-184623 A

By the way, in layered manufacturing, in which a modeled object is formed by laminating welding beads on a base material, residual stress is generated inside the modeled object due to heat shrinkage, etc., because the material is melted and solidified. There is If the base material is removed by cutting in this state, the residual stress is released, and deformation occurs in the modeled object, which may cause an error in the target shape.

With the technique of patent document 1 that corrects the deformation of the base plate and the technique of patent document 2 that calculates the inherent strain of the modeled object, it is difficult to suppress errors in the target shape of the object after cutting and removing the base material. is.

Therefore, the present invention provides a laminate planning method, a laminate-molded article manufacturing method, and a manufacturing apparatus capable of forming a target shape with high accuracy while suppressing the influence of the release of residual stress when separated from a base plate. intended to provide

The present invention consists of the following configurations.
(1) A laminate planning method for a laminate-molded object in which a laminate-molded object is molded using three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded object by a molding unit that laminates molten metal on a base plate,
A stacking plan creation step of obtaining a shape model of the layered product to be layered and manufactured on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creating a stacking plan for stacking the layered product of the shape model. ,
A shape error setting step of setting an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded article manufactured based on the shape model;
A deformation amount calculation step of obtaining a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
a correction step of correcting the shape model and the stacking plan until the deformation amount falls within the range of the shape error;
A lamination planning method for a lamination-molded article in which
(2) A method for manufacturing a laminate-molded article, in which the laminate-molded article is laminate-molded based on the laminate plan created by the laminate-molded article lamination planning method according to (1) above.
(3) A manufacturing apparatus for a laminate-molded article that uses three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded article to form a laminate-molded article using a modeling unit that laminates molten metal on a base plate,
A lamination plan creation unit that obtains a shape model of the lamination-molded object to be lamination-molded on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creates a lamination plan for laminating the lamination-molded object of the shape model. ,
a setting unit that sets an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded object manufactured based on the shape model;
a deformation amount calculation unit that obtains a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
a correction unit that corrects the shape model and the stacking plan until the deformation amount falls within the range of the shape error;
A manufacturing apparatus for a laminate-molded product.

According to the present invention, it is possible to form a target shape with high accuracy while suppressing the influence of release of residual stress when separated from the base plate.

It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the laminate-molded article which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing along the up-down direction of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic sectional drawing along the up-down direction explaining the procedure of basic lamination-molding of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic sectional drawing along the up-down direction explaining the procedure of basic lamination-molding of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic sectional drawing along the up-down direction explaining the procedure of basic lamination-molding of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic sectional drawing along the up-down direction of the laminate-molded article explaining deformation|transformation of the laminate-molded article at the time of removing a base plate. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the lamination|stacking plan of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic diagram of a laminate-molded article explaining the procedure of the lamination plan of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic diagram of a laminate-molded article explaining the procedure of the lamination plan of a laminate-molded article. It is a schematic diagram of a laminate-molded article explaining the procedure of the lamination plan of a laminate-molded article.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<Production equipment for additive manufacturing>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a laminate-molded article manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
A manufacturing apparatus 100 for a laminate-molded product having this configuration includes a modeling unit 11 , a controller 13 that performs integrated control of the modeling unit 11 , and a power supply device 15 .

The modeling unit 11 includes a welding robot 19 having a torch 17 on its tip axis, and a filler material supply unit 21 that supplies a filler material (welding wire) M to the torch 17 .

The welding robot 19 is a multi-joint robot, and the torch 17 attached to the tip shaft of the robot arm is supported so that the filler material M can be continuously supplied. The position and posture of the torch 17 can be arbitrarily set three-dimensionally within the range of degrees of freedom of the robot arm.

The torch 17 holds the filler material M and generates an arc from the tip of the filler material M in a shield gas atmosphere. The torch 17 has a shield nozzle (not shown), and a shield gas is supplied from the shield nozzle. The arc welding method may be a consumable electrode type such as coated arc welding or carbon dioxide gas arc welding, or a non-consumable electrode type such as TIG welding or plasma arc welding. be.

For example, in the case of the consumable electrode type, a contact tip is arranged inside the shield nozzle, and the contact tip holds the filler material M to which the melting current is supplied. The torch 17 holds the filler material M and generates an arc from the tip of the filler material M in a shield gas atmosphere. The melt material M is fed from the melt material supply unit 21 to the torch 17 by a delivery mechanism (not shown) attached to a robot arm or the like. When the continuously fed filler material M is melted and solidified while the torch 17 is moving, a linear welding bead B, which is a melted and solidified body of the filler material M, is formed on the base plate 23 .

The filler material M is fed from the filler material supply unit 21 to the torch 17 by a feeding mechanism (not shown) attached to a robot arm or the like of the welding robot 19 . Then, the torch 17 moves along a desired welding line as the robot arm is driven by a command from the controller 13 . The continuously fed filler material M is melted and solidified in a shield gas atmosphere by an arc generated at the tip of the torch 17 . As a result, a weld bead B, which is a molten solidified body of the filler material M, is formed. As described above, the modeling unit 11 is a layered modeling apparatus that layers the molten metal of the filler material M, and models the layered product W by layering the welding beads B in multiple layers on the base plate 23 .

The heat source for melting the filler material M is not limited to the arc described above. For example, a heat source using other methods such as a heating method using both an arc and a laser, a heating method using plasma, a heating method using an electron beam or a laser, or the like may be employed. When an arc is used, the welding bead B can be easily formed regardless of the material and structure while ensuring the shielding properties. When heating with an electron beam or laser, the amount of heating can be more finely controlled, the state of the welding bead B can be maintained more appropriately, and the quality of the laminate-molded article W can be further improved.

The controller 13 includes a lamination plan creation unit 31, a deformation amount calculation unit 33, an excess thickness setting unit 34, a program generation unit 35, a storage unit 37, an input unit 39, a display unit 40, and these units. and a control unit 41 to be connected. Three-dimensional shape data (CAD data, etc.) representing the shape of the laminate-molded article W to be manufactured and various instruction information are input from the input unit 39 to the control unit 41 . The display unit 40 displays various images based on image information transmitted from the control unit 41 .

The laminate-molded article manufacturing apparatus 100 of this configuration generates a shape model for forming a bead using the input three-dimensional shape data, and creates a lamination plan such as the movement trajectory of the torch 17 and welding conditions. The control unit 41 creates an operation program according to the stacking plan, drives each unit according to this operation program, and laminates the laminate-molded article W having a desired shape.

The lamination planning section 31 decomposes the shape model of the input three-dimensional shape data into a plurality of layers corresponding to the height of the welding bead B. As shown in FIG. Then, for each layer of the disassembled shape model, the trajectory of the torch 17 for forming the welding bead B and the heating conditions for forming the welding bead B (welding conditions for obtaining the bead width, the bead lamination height, etc.) are determined. Create a layup plan that defines

The deformation amount calculation unit 33 analytically obtains the amount of deformation caused by the release of the residual stress of the laminate-molded article W when the base plate 23 is removed from the laminate-molded article W manufactured according to the lamination plan.

The surplus thickness setting unit 34 sets the surplus thickness to be a cutting allowance from the structure W1 to the outer edge of the laminate-molded article W after machining.

The program generation unit 35 drives each unit of the modeling unit 11 to set the modeling procedure of the laminate-molded article W, and creates an operation program for causing the computer to execute the procedure. The created operation program is stored in the storage unit 37 .

In addition to storing an operation program, the storage unit 37 also stores specifications of various drive units of the molding unit 11, information on the material of the filler material M, and the like. The stored information is appropriately referred to when executing the operation program. The storage unit 37 is composed of a storage medium such as a memory or a hard disk, and is capable of inputting/outputting various types of information.

The controller 13 including the control unit 41 is a computer device including a CPU, memory, I/O interface, and the like. The controller 13 has a function of reading data and programs stored in the storage unit 37 , processing the data and executing an operation program, and a function of driving and controlling each part of the modeling unit 11 . The control unit 41 creates and executes operation programs based on instructions from the input unit 39 through operations, communications, and the like.

When the control unit 41 executes the operation program, each unit such as the welding robot 19 and the power supply device 15 is driven according to a predetermined programmed procedure. The welding robot 19 moves the torch 17 along the programmed trajectory according to the command from the controller 13, melts the filler material M with an arc at a predetermined timing, and forms a welding bead B at a desired position. Form.

The operation program here is an instruction code for causing the molding unit 11 to perform the formation procedure of the welding bead B designed by a predetermined calculation from the input three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded object W. The control unit 41 causes the modeling unit 11 to manufacture the laminate-molded article W by executing the operation program stored in the storage unit 37 . That is, the control unit 41 reads a desired operation program from the storage unit 37 , drives the welding robot 19 to move the torch 17 according to the operation program, and causes the tip of the torch 17 to generate an arc. As a result, the weld bead B is repeatedly formed on the base plate 23, and the laminate-molded article W is formed.

The lamination plan creation unit 31, the deformation amount calculation unit 33, the excess thickness setting unit 34, the program generation unit 35, and other calculation units are provided in the controller 13, but are not limited to this. Although not shown, for example, an external computer such as a server or a terminal arranged separately from the laminate-molded article manufacturing apparatus 100 via a communication means such as a network or a storage medium has the above-described operation unit. may be provided. A desired operation program can be created without using the laminate-molded article manufacturing apparatus 100 by providing the above-described operation unit in the external computer, and the program creation work does not become complicated. Further, by transferring the created operation program to the storage unit 37 of the controller 13 , the modeling unit 11 can be operated in the same manner as when the operation program is created by the controller 13 .

<Basic additive manufacturing procedure>
Next, a brief description will be given of the procedure of lamination-molding for the lamination-molded article W illustrated as a simple model.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the vertical direction of the laminate-molded article W. As shown in FIG. 3A to 3C are schematic cross-sectional views along the vertical direction for explaining the basic lamination-molding procedure of the laminate-molded article W. FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the vertical direction of the laminate-molded article W for explaining deformation of the laminate-molded article W when the base plate is removed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the laminate-molded article W according to one example is formed in a cylindrical shape. This layered product W is formed on the base plate 23 . The base plate 23 is made of a metal plate such as a steel plate, and is basically larger than the bottom surface (lowermost layer surface) of the laminate-molded article W. In addition, the base plate 23 is not limited to a plate shape, and may be a block-shaped base, a bar-shaped base, or the like. In addition, although FIG. 2 shows an example in which one welding bead B forms one bead layer BL, a plurality of welding beads B may form the bead layer BL.

As shown in FIG. 3A, in order to form the laminate-molded article W, the welding robot 19 moves the torch 17 along the trajectory indicated by the welding robot 19 according to the operation program on the pre-installed base plate 23 . An arc is generated along with the movement of the torch 17, and a welding bead B is formed along the trajectory along which the torch 17 moves. The welding bead B is formed by melting and solidifying the filler material M, and the following bead layer BL is repeatedly laminated on the formed bead layer BL.

As shown in FIG. 3B , after the laminate-molded article W is formed on the base plate 23, the base plate 23 is cut with a cutting machine such as a wire saw or a diamond cutter to remove the base plate 23 from the laminate-molded article W. Separate W. After that, as shown in FIG. 3C, for example, the excess thickness portion set by the excess thickness setting unit 34 is cut from the laminate-molded article W to process it into a product. Note that the base plate 23 may be removed after cutting the excess thickness of the laminate-molded article W. As shown in FIG.

By the way, in the layered manufacturing method in which the weld bead B is layered on the base plate 23 to form the layered article W, since the material is melted and solidified to form the layered article W, residual stress is generated inside the layered article W due to thermal contraction or the like. have occurred. Then, when the base plate 23 is cut and removed from the laminate-molded article W, the laminate-molded article W may be deformed due to the release of the residual stress. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the base plate 23 is removed from the laminate-molded article W that has been formed into a cylindrical shape, the end portion that was joined to the base plate 23 expands in diameter due to the release of the residual stress, resulting in the desired shape. An error may occur with respect to the shape model MA (indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 4). For this reason, it may be difficult to subsequently cut the excess thickness to form the structure W1.

Here, welding deformation and residual stress of a laminate-molded product are generally analyzed by computer simulation using a thermo-elastic-plastic analysis method using a finite element method (FEM) or an elastic analysis.

In the thermo-elastic-plastic analysis method, phenomena are calculated by considering various nonlinear elements for every minute time step, so highly accurate analysis can be performed. On the other hand, in elastic analysis, only linear elements are taken into account, so analysis can be completed in a short time. When the laminate-molded article W is modeled by lamination-molding in which the welding beads B are laminated, all parts of the laminate-molded article W undergo a metal melting/solidification process. When the metal is melted and solidified, inherent strain (plastic strain, thermal strain) is generated in the laminate-molded article W. Residual stress resulting from this inherent strain is generated inside the laminate-molded article W. As shown in FIG. The deformation amount calculation unit 33 analytically obtains the shape change due to such layered manufacturing.

The deformation amount calculation unit 33 may be configured to include, for example, a partial model thermo-elastic-plastic analysis unit and a whole model elastic analysis unit. The partial model thermo-elastic-plastic analysis part performs thermo-elastic-plastic analysis using a partial model of the model based on the input analysis conditions (laminate manufacturing conditions, material property conditions) and inherent strain (plastic strain, Thermal strain) is calculated. The overall model elastic analysis unit performs elastic analysis on the overall model of the model based on the calculated inherent strain to derive residual stress and the like. The conditions used for the analysis include additive manufacturing conditions with parameters such as heat source output, heat source type, beam profile, scanning speed, scanning sequence, line offset or preheating temperature, etc., and Young's modulus, yield strength, and linear expansion of materials. There are mechanical physical property values such as modulus and work hardening index, and material physical property conditions such as thermophysical property values such as thermal conductivity and specific heat.

Such analysis processing is executed by a computer according to a program. That is, the deformation amount calculation unit 33 is a computer including a processor such as a CPU, a storage device such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a HDD (Hard Disk Drive), and an SSD (Solid State Drive). can be configured as In this case, the function of each unit can be realized by the processor executing a predetermined program stored in the storage unit 37 made up of a storage device.

<Lamination plan of layered product>
In this embodiment, the deformation amount calculation unit 33 predicts the amount of deformation of the laminate-molded article W after the base plate 23 is removed, and based on the prediction, a lamination plan for modeling with the target shape model MA with high accuracy is made. create. Hereinafter, the lamination plan of the lamination-molded article W according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the procedure of lamination planning for a laminate-molded article. 6A to 6C are schematic diagrams of the laminate-molded article W for explaining the procedure of the lamination planning of the laminate-molded article W. FIG.

First, the controller 13 acquires three-dimensional shape (3D) data, which is CAD data of a layered product to be modeled, from the input unit 39 (S1).

The lamination plan creation unit 31 of the controller 13 determines a shape model MA according to the shape of the acquired three-dimensional shape data, creates a lamination plan for forming the welding bead B based on the shape model MA, and Conditions for forming B are determined (S2). For condition determination, a trajectory plan representing a trajectory for moving the torch 17 is created, and welding conditions such as welding current, arc voltage, welding speed, and torch angle when forming the welding bead B using the arc as a heating source are determined. including setting.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, a shape model MA of the laminate-molded article W is generated, and this shape model MA is vertically divided into a plurality of bead layers (10 layers in the illustrated example) BL. A trajectory for moving the torch 17 is obtained for each layer BL. The trajectory is determined by calculation based on a predetermined algorithm. The trajectory information includes, for example, the spatial coordinates of the path along which the torch 17 is moved, path information such as path radius and path length, and bead information such as the bead width and bead height of the welding bead B to be formed. be The height of the bead layer BL is determined according to the height of the weld bead B set according to the welding conditions.

Next, the allowable shape after deformation of the laminate-molded article W that is deformed by removing the base plate 23 is set, and the control unit 41 sets the shape error α of the allowable shape with respect to the shape model MA (S3). The allowable shape is, for example, a shape that allows the laminate-molded article W deformed by removing the base plate 23 to be processed into the structure W1.

Next, the deformation calculation unit 33 obtains the residual stress due to thermal contraction or the like that occurs in the laminate-molded object W when the created trajectory plan is executed under the set welding conditions, and removes the base plate 23 to remove the residual stress. A deformation amount δP of the laminate-molded article W when is released is analytically determined (S4). This amount of deformation δP can be obtained using any one of thermoelastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, and thermoelastic analysis. For example, by selectively specifying one of the above theories through analysis using the finite element method (FEM analysis), as shown in FIG. The shape of W (indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 6B) is predicted, and the amount of deformation δP for the shape model MA is obtained. The storage unit 37 stores physical property information and the like corresponding to the material of the filler material M, and this information is used for analysis as appropriate.

The deformation amount .delta.P and the shape error .alpha. are compared to determine whether the deformation amount .delta.P is equal to or less than the shape error .alpha. (S5). If the deformation amount δP is larger than the shape error α, the laminate-molded object W from which the base plate 23 has been removed after modeling is excessively deformed. , cutting becomes difficult.

When the deformation amount .delta.P is larger than the shape error .alpha. (S5: No), the shape model MA is corrected in anticipation of the analytically obtained deformation amount .delta.P. Then, based on the corrected shape model MA, the lamination plan for forming the laminate-molded article W with the welding bead B is corrected, and the conditions for forming the welding bead B are determined (S2). Here, FIG. 6C shows the shape model MA corrected in anticipation of the deformation amount δP. As shown in FIG. 6C, for example, when it is predicted that the end portion on the side of the base plate 23 will be deformed so as to expand in diameter by a deformation amount δP due to the release of residual stress due to the removal of the base plate 23, the original shape model MA ( 6C) is corrected in anticipation of the amount of deformation δP. That is, the shape model MA (indicated by the solid line in FIG. 6C) is corrected so that the diameter of the end portion on the side of the base plate 23 is reduced in the direction opposite to the deformation in which the diameter is expanded by the deformation amount δP. Then, the control unit 41, which is a correction unit, corrects the stacking plan using this corrected shape model MA. As for the lamination plan, only the trajectory plan may be corrected, but the heating conditions may be reset as necessary. For example, various shape parameters such as bead width and bead height can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the welding current to change the amount of heat input. In this case, the adjustment allowance can be increased, and the optimal lamination plan can be corrected efficiently.

After that, the allowable shape error α for the corrected shape model MA is set (S3), and the layered product W manufactured by the layering plan based on the corrected shape model MA is deformed when the base plate 23 is removed. The quantity .delta.P is analytically determined (S4). Then, the deformation amount .delta.P and the shape error .alpha. are compared to determine whether or not the deformation amount .delta.P is equal to or less than the shape error .alpha. (S5).

The steps S2 to S5 are repeated until the deformation amount δP becomes equal to or less than the shape error α (S5: Yes).

When the deformation amount δP becomes equal to or less than the shape error α, the program generator 35 creates an operation program showing the procedure for forming the welding bead B based on the lamination plan (trajectory plan, heating conditions) created from the shape model MA. Then, based on this operation program, the welding bead B is stacked on the base plate 23 to form the laminate-molded article W. As shown in FIG. If the deformation amount δP of the shape model MA created first is less than the shape error α, the welding bead B is formed based on the lamination plan (trajectory plan, heating conditions) created from the shape model MA. An operation program indicating the procedure to do so is created, and based on this operation program, the welding bead B is laminated on the base plate 23 to form the laminate-molded article W. As shown in FIG.

As described above, according to the layering planning method for a layered product W having this configuration, the shape model MA and the layering plan are corrected according to the deformation amount δP due to the release strain generated when the layered product W is separated from the base plate 23. do. As a result, it is possible to manufacture the laminate-molded article W with higher shape accuracy by considering the deformation amount δP due to the release strain after separation from the base plate 23 .

In addition, since the amount of deformation is obtained using either thermo-elastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, or thermo-elastic analysis, highly accurate deformation amount prediction can be performed by thermo-elastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, or thermoelastic analysis. becomes possible.

Furthermore, since the shape model MA is corrected in the direction opposite to the direction in which deformation due to the release strain occurs, the generated deformation can be easily canceled without requiring complicated calculations.

Then, according to the method and apparatus for manufacturing a laminate-molded article having this configuration, the shape model MA and the lamination plan are corrected according to the deformation amount δP due to the release strain generated when the laminate-molded article W is separated from the base plate 23. . As a result, it is possible to manufacture a laminate-molded article W with high shape accuracy in consideration of the amount of deformation δP due to the release strain after separation from the base plate 23 .

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modifications and applications by combining each configuration of the embodiments with each other, based on the description of the specification and well-known techniques. It is also contemplated by the present invention that it falls within the scope of protection sought.

For example, in the above example, the laminate-molded article W has a simple cylindrical shape, but the shape of the laminate-molded article W is not limited to this. As the laminate-molded article W has a more complicated shape, the effects of the above-described lamination plan and manufacturing method become more pronounced, and thus can be preferably applied.

In addition, the present technology is not limited to the case of producing a laminate-molded article by welding. , it can also be suitably applied to obtain a three-dimensional laminate-molded article.

As described above, this specification discloses the following matters.
(1) A laminate planning method for a laminate-molded object in which a laminate-molded object is molded using three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded object by a molding unit that laminates molten metal on a base plate,
A stacking plan creation step of obtaining a shape model of the layered product to be layered and manufactured on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creating a stacking plan for stacking the layered product of the shape model. ,
A shape error setting step of setting an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded article manufactured based on the shape model;
A deformation amount calculation step of obtaining a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
a correction step of correcting the shape model and the stacking plan until the deformation amount falls within the range of the shape error;
A lamination planning method for a lamination-molded article in which
According to this method for planning a layered product, the shape model and the layered plan are corrected according to the amount of deformation due to the release strain that occurs when the layered product is separated from the base plate. This makes it possible to manufacture a layered product with higher shape accuracy by considering the amount of deformation due to the release strain after separation from the base plate.

(2) The lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article according to (1), wherein the deformation amount calculation step obtains the deformation amount using any one of thermoelastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, and thermoelastic analysis.
According to this lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article, it is possible to predict the amount of deformation with high accuracy by thermo-elastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, and thermo-elastic analysis.

(3) The lamination planning method for a layered product according to (1) or (2), wherein the correcting step corrects the shape model in a direction opposite to a direction in which deformation due to the release strain occurs.
According to this lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article, deformation that occurs can be easily canceled without requiring complicated calculations.

(4) The laminate-molded article is formed by forming a bead layer with a plurality of welding beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material, and repeatedly laminating the bead layer of the next layer on the formed bead layer ( 1) A method for planning a laminate-molded article according to any one of (3).
According to this method for planning a laminate-molded article, a laminate plan for manufacturing a high-strength laminate-molded article formed by welding beads can be obtained.

(5) The welding bead is formed by melting the filler material with an arc generated from a torch supported at the tip of a robot arm of a multi-axis robot. planning method.
According to this layered planning method for a laminate-molded article, a molding plan for molding a laminate-molded article of arbitrary shape with a high degree of freedom can be obtained.

(6) The stacking planning method for a layered product according to (5), wherein the stacking planning step determines heating conditions including at least one of welding current, arc voltage, welding speed, and torch angle for forming the welding bead. .
According to this lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article, it is possible to accurately grasp the amount of heat input to the laminate-molded article, and to accurately predict the amount of deformation that occurs when the article is separated from the base plate. Thereby, a lamination plan for forming a lamination-manufactured article with higher shape accuracy is obtained.

(7) A method for manufacturing a laminate-molded article, in which the laminate-molded article is laminate-molded based on the laminate plan created by the laminate-molded article lamination planning method according to (6).
According to this method for manufacturing a layered product, it is possible to manufacture a layered product with higher shape accuracy.

(8) A manufacturing apparatus for a laminate-molded article that uses three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded article to form a laminate-molded article using a modeling unit that laminates molten metal on a base plate,
A lamination plan creation unit that obtains a shape model of the lamination-molded object to be lamination-molded on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creates a lamination plan for laminating the lamination-molded object of the shape model. ,
a setting unit that sets an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded object manufactured based on the shape model;
a deformation amount calculation unit that obtains a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
a correction unit that corrects the shape model and the stacking plan until the deformation amount falls within the range of the shape error;
A manufacturing apparatus for a laminate-molded product.
According to this laminate-molded article manufacturing apparatus, the shape model and lamination plan are corrected according to the amount of deformation due to the release strain that occurs when the laminate-molded article is separated from the base plate. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a laminate-molded article with high shape accuracy in consideration of the amount of deformation due to the release strain after separation from the base plate.

11 modeling unit 17 torch 19 welding robot
23 base plate 31 lamination planning unit 33 deformation calculation unit 41 control unit (setting unit, correction unit)
100 Manufacturing equipment B Welding bead BL Bead layer M Filler material MA Shape model W Laminated product α Shape error δP Deformation amount

Claims (8)

A stacking plan for a laminate-molded object in which a laminate-molded object is manufactured using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded object by a modeling unit that laminates a welding bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material supported by a torch on a base plate. a method,
A stacking plan creation step of obtaining a shape model of the layered product to be layered and manufactured on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creating a stacking plan for stacking the layered product of the shape model. ,
A shape error setting step of setting an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded article manufactured based on the shape model;
A deformation amount calculation step of obtaining a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
correcting the shape of the shape model until the amount of deformation falls within the range of the shape error, and determining the trajectory of the torch for forming the welding bead according to the corrected shape model; and a step of correcting the lamination plan. ,
A lamination planning method for a lamination-molded article in which 2. The lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article according to claim 1, wherein the deformation amount calculation step obtains the deformation amount using any one of thermoelastic-plastic analysis, inherent strain method analysis, and thermoelastic analysis. 3. The lamination planning method for a laminate-molded article according to claim 1, wherein the correcting step corrects the shape model in a direction opposite to a direction in which deformation due to the release strain occurs. The laminate-molded article is formed by forming a bead layer with a plurality of welding beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material, and repeatedly laminating the bead layer of the next layer on the formed bead layer. 4. The lamination planning method of the lamination-molded article according to any one of 3. 5. The lamination planning method for a layered product according to claim 4, wherein the welding bead is formed by melting the filler material with an arc generated from a torch supported at the tip of a robot arm of a multi-axis robot. 6. The lamination planning method according to claim 5, wherein said lamination planning step defines heating conditions including at least one of welding current, arc voltage, welding speed and torch angle for forming said welding bead. A method for manufacturing a laminate-molded article, in which the laminate-molded article is laminate-molded based on the laminate plan created by the laminate-molded article lamination planning method according to claim 6 . A stacking plan for a laminate-molded object in which a laminate-molded object is manufactured using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminate-molded object by a modeling unit that laminates a welding bead obtained by melting and solidifying a filler material supported by a torch on a base plate. a device,
A lamination plan creation unit that obtains a shape model of the lamination-molded object to be lamination-molded on the base plate based on the three-dimensional shape data, and creates a lamination plan for laminating the lamination-molded object of the shape model. ,
A shape error setting unit that sets an allowable shape error for the laminate-molded object manufactured based on the shape model;
a deformation amount calculation unit that obtains a deformation amount due to a release strain when the laminate-molded article formed by the shape model is separated from the base plate;
a lamination planning correction unit that corrects the shape of the shape model until the deformation amount falls within the range of the shape error, and obtains a trajectory of the torch for forming the welding bead according to the corrected shape model; ,
A manufacturing apparatus for a laminate-molded product.

Images