JP6997044B2 - Laminated modeling plan Design method, manufacturing method, manufacturing equipment, and program of laminated model - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a laminated modeling planning design method, a manufacturing method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a program of a laminated model.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for modeling using a 3D printer as a means of production, and research and development are being promoted toward the practical application of modeling using metal materials. A 3D printer for modeling a metal material uses a heat source such as a laser, an electron beam, or an arc to melt a metal powder or a metal wire, and laminates the molten metal to produce a laminated model.
Further, there is disclosed a technique of predicting a warp amount from a predetermined parameter related to joining when welding plate-shaped members to each other and controlling the warp amount to obtain a joined body having a desired shape (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-237248

By the way, in the laminated modeling method in which molten metal is laminated to produce a laminated model, an arbitrary shape is directly modeled by laminating a welded bead layer made of a welded bead on a base material. At this time, the welded bead layer made of the welded bead obtained by melting and solidifying the filler metal may be deformed with heat shrinkage, and the molding accuracy may be lowered. Therefore, it is desired to perform laminated modeling while suppressing deformation due to this heat shrinkage as much as possible.

An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated modeling planning design method, a manufacturing method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a program of a laminated model that can suppress deformation due to heat shrinkage during the laminated modeling as much as possible and improve the modeling accuracy. It is in.

The present invention has the following configuration.
(1) A method for planning and designing a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers made of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on one base material.
A stacking direction setting step for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a stacking direction setting step.
In the division position setting step of setting the division position for dividing the laminated model into two regions in one stacking direction, the base material is arranged at the division position and the base material is arranged in a plurality of regions of the base material. Assuming that the welded bead layer is formed on each of the facing surfaces to form the plurality of regions along the stacking direction, the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized. The division position setting step of setting the neutral position , which is the position of the base metal, to the division position,
A base material selection step of selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
Laminated modeling planning design method for laminated modeling including.
(2) A method for manufacturing a laminated model in which the welded bead layer is laminated on the base material to form the laminated model according to the layered modeling procedure determined by the laminated modeling planning and design method described in (1). ..
(3) A control unit that determines the laminated modeling procedure according to the laminated modeling planning and design method described in (1).
A modeling unit that is driven according to the determined laminated modeling procedure and that forms the laminated model by laminating the welded bead layer on the base material.
Equipment for manufacturing laminated objects.
(4) A program that causes a computer to execute a procedure for determining a laminated modeling plan for a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers composed of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on one base material. And
To the computer
A procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer.
It is a procedure for obtaining a division position for dividing the laminated model into two regions in one stacking direction, in which the base material is arranged at the division position and each facing a plurality of regions of the base material is opposed to each other. Assuming that the welded bead layer is formed on the surface along the laminated direction to form the respective regions, the base material that minimizes the thermal shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead. The procedure for setting the neutral position, which is the position of, to the divided position, and
A procedure for selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
A program to execute.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laminated modeling planning design method, a manufacturing method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a program of a laminated model that can suppress deformation due to heat shrinkage during the laminated modeling as much as possible and improve the modeling accuracy.

It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus which manufactures the laminated model | product of this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows an example of the laminated model | manufacturing thing manufactured by the manufacturing method of this invention. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated model | structure explaining the stacking direction setting process. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated model | structure explaining the division position setting process. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated model | structure explaining the base material selection process. It is a schematic diagram of the laminated model | structure which explains the laminated modeling process. It is a schematic side view of the manufactured laminated model. It is a schematic side view of the laminated model | structure which concerns on a reference example. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated model which shows the deformation state by heat shrinkage of the laminated model which concerns on a reference example. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated model which shows the deformation state by heat shrinkage of the laminated model manufactured by the manufacturing method of this example. It is a figure which shows the laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 1, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, (c) is a bottom view, (d) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 2, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the deformation state by the heat shrinkage of the laminated model which concerns on modification 2, (a) is the schematic front view of the laminated model in the process of manufacturing, (b) is the schematic front view of the manufactured laminated model. be. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing procedure of the laminated structure which concerns on modification 2, (a) to (d) are schematic front views of the laminated model in the process of manufacturing, respectively. It is a schematic side view which shows the neutral position in the laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 3. FIG. It is a figure explaining the laminated modeling plan of the laminated model which concerns on modification 3, (a) is a schematic diagram of a laminated model explaining a division position setting process, (b) is a stack explaining the base material selection process. It is a schematic diagram of a modeled object. It is a figure explaining another laminated modeling plan of the laminated model which concerns on modification 3, (a) is a schematic diagram of a laminated model explaining a division position setting process, (b) explains a base material selection process. It is a schematic diagram of a laminated modeled object. It is a figure which shows the laminated model | structure which concerns on the modification 4, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing procedure of the laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 4, (a) and (b) are the front view of the laminated model which is in the process of manufacturing, respectively. It is a front view of the laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 5. It is a schematic front view explaining the stacking direction setting process, the division position setting process, and the base material selection process at the time of manufacturing a laminated model | structure which concerns on modification 5. It is a figure which shows an example of the manufacturing procedure of the laminated structure which concerns on modification 5, and (a) to (f) are schematic front views of the laminated model in the process of manufacturing, respectively.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a laminated model of the present invention.
The laminated model manufacturing apparatus 100 having this configuration includes a modeling unit 11 which is a laminated modeling device, a modeling controller 13 that controls the modeling unit 11 in an integrated manner, and a power supply device 15.

The modeling unit 11 has a welding robot 19 as a torch moving mechanism provided with a torch 17 on the tip shaft, and a filler material supply unit 21 that supplies the filler material (welding wire) Fm to the torch 17. The welding robot 19 is, for example, an articulated robot having a degree of freedom of 6 axes, and the filler metal Fm is continuously supplied to the torch 17 attached to the tip axis of the robot arm. The position and posture of the torch 17 can be arbitrarily set three-dimensionally within the range of the degree of freedom of the robot arm.

The torch 17 generates an arc from the tip of the filler Fm in a shield gas atmosphere while holding the filler Fm. The torch 17 has a shield nozzle (not shown), and the shield gas is supplied from the shield nozzle. The arc welding method may be either a consumable electrode type such as shielded metal arc welding or carbon dioxide arc welding, or a non-consumable electrode type such as TIG welding or plasma arc welding, and is appropriately selected according to the laminated model to be manufactured. Weld. For example, in the case of the consumable electrode type, a contact tip is arranged inside the shield nozzle, and the filler metal Fm to which the melting current is supplied is held by the contact tip.

As the filler material Fm, any commercially available welding wire can be used. For example, it is defined by MAG welding and MIG welding solid wire (JIS Z 3312) for mild steel, high tension steel and low temperature steel, arc welding flux containing wire for mild steel, high tension steel and low temperature steel (JIS Z 3313) and the like. Wire can be used.

The filler material Fm is fed from the filler material supply unit 21 to the torch 17 by a feeding mechanism (not shown) attached to a robot arm or the like. Then, in response to a command from the modeling controller 13, the welding robot 19 moves the torch 17 to melt and solidify the filler metal Fm that is continuously fed. As a result, a welded bead, which is a melt-solidified body of the filler metal Fm, is formed. Then, the laminated model W is manufactured by laminating the welded bead layer made of the welded bead.

The heat source for melting the filler metal Fm is not limited to the above-mentioned arc. For example, a heat source by another method such as a heating method using both an arc and a laser, a heating method using plasma, and a heating method using an electron beam or a laser may be adopted. When an arc is used, a bead can be easily formed regardless of the material and structure while ensuring the shielding property. When heating with an electron beam or a laser, the amount of heating can be controlled more finely, the state of the welded bead can be maintained more appropriately, and the quality of the laminated model can be further improved.

The modeling controller 13 has a bead map generation unit 31, a program generation unit 33, a storage unit 35, and a control unit 37 to which these are connected. Three-dimensional model data (CAD data, etc.) representing the shape of the laminated model to be manufactured and various instruction information are input to the control unit 37 from the input unit 39.

The bead map generation unit 31 uses the input three-dimensional model data of the laminated model to generate a bead map including position information for forming the bead. The generated bead map is stored in the storage unit 35.

The program generation unit 33 drives the modeling unit 11 to set a modeling procedure for the laminated model W, and generates a program for causing a computer to execute this procedure using the above bead map. The generated program is stored in the storage unit 35.

The storage unit 35 also stores specification information such as various drive units and movable ranges of the modeling unit 11, and the information is appropriately referred to when the program generation unit 33 generates a program or executes a program. The storage unit 35 is composed of a storage medium such as a memory or a hard disk, and can input and output various types of information.

The modeling controller 13 including the control unit 37 is a computer device including a CPU, a memory, an I / O interface, etc., and has a function of reading data and programs stored in the storage unit 35, processing the data, and executing the program. It also has a function of driving and controlling each part of the modeling part 11. The control unit 37 reads a program from the storage unit 35 and executes it by an operation from the input unit 39 or an instruction by communication or the like.

When the control unit 37 executes the program, the welding robot 19, the power supply device 15, and the like are driven according to the programmed predetermined procedure. The welding robot 19 moves the torch 17 along the programmed trajectory according to the command from the modeling controller 13, and melts the filler metal Fm by an arc at a predetermined timing to form a welded bead at a desired position. Form.

The bead map generation unit 31 and the program generation unit 33 are provided in the modeling controller 13, but are not limited thereto. Although not shown, the bead map generation unit 31 is attached to an external computer such as a server or a terminal which is separated from the laminated model manufacturing apparatus 100, for example, via a communication means such as a network or a storage medium. And the program generation unit 33 may be provided. By connecting the bead map generation unit 31 and the program generation unit 33 to the external computer, the bead map and the program can be generated without the need for the laminated model manufacturing apparatus 100, and the program generation work is not complicated. Further, by transferring the generated bead map or program to the storage unit 35 of the modeling controller 13, it can be operated in the same manner as when it is generated by the modeling controller 13.

Next, the basic manufacturing procedure for designing a laminated modeling plan for a laminated model and manufacturing the laminated model by the above-mentioned manufacturing apparatus 100 will be described for each process.

(Shape data input process)
First, three-dimensional shape data representing the shape of the laminated model W is input from the input unit 39 to the control unit 37. The three-dimensional shape data includes not only dimensional information such as coordinates of the outer surface of the laminated model W, but also information such as the type of material to be referred to and the final finish as necessary.

(Laminating direction setting process)
The stacking direction of the welded bead layer is set by using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model W to be modeled. FIG. 2A shows a laminated model W according to an example. As shown in FIG. 2A, the laminated model W shown as an example is a rectangular parallelepiped model. In the stacking direction setting step, the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model W having the shape shown in FIG. 2A is input to the control unit 37, and the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model W is used to use the laminated model W. The stacking direction of the welded bead layer forming the above is set. Here, as shown in FIG. 2B, a case where the stacking direction A of the welded bead layer B forming the laminated model W is set in the vertical direction is illustrated.

(Division position setting process)
A division position for dividing the laminated model W into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction A is set. This split position is a neutral position where the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model W due to the heat of the welded beads is minimized when the welded bead layer B is formed on the base metal along the laminating direction A. As shown in FIG. 2C, in the laminated model W in which the stacking direction A is set in the vertical direction, the base material is arranged and welded to each facing surface facing the plurality of regions of the base material along the stacking direction A. When each of the bead layers B is formed, the neutral position T at which the thermal shrinkage of the entire laminated model W due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized is the central position in the vertical direction. Therefore, in this laminated model W, the neutral position T consisting of the central position of the plane in the vertical direction, which is the stacking direction A, is set as the division position S.

(Base material selection process)
After setting the division position S in the laminated model W, a base material having a size and shape including the division position S is selected. As the base material, it is preferable to select a simple shape in order to reduce the cost, and for example, a flat plate, a round bar, a square bar, a block, or the like is selected. As shown in FIG. 2D, in the laminated model W, for example, a base material M made of a flat plate including a divided position S consisting of a planar neutral position T is selected.

(Laminate modeling process)
After determining the stacking direction A, setting the division position S, and selecting the base material M as described above, the welded bead layer B is laminated and laminated on the base material M according to the procedure of the laminating modeling plan. Modeling object W is modeled. As shown in FIG. 2E, with respect to the flat plate-shaped base material M set in the manufacturing apparatus 100, welded beads are formed on the front and back surfaces of the torch 17 along the movement locus of the torch 17 generated from the set layer shape data. The welded bead layer B is laminated. Specifically, the filler metal Fm is melted while the torch 17 of the modeling portion 11 is moved with respect to the front and back surfaces of the base metal M by the drive of the welding robot 19, and the melted filler metal Fm is used as the base metal M. Supply to. As a result, a plurality of welded bead layers B are laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2F, a laminated model W in which the block portions 53 and 55 in which a plurality of welded bead layers B are laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M is formed is manufactured.

Here, a reference example will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3A, in the reference example, a plate-shaped base material M is installed on one end side in the stacking direction A, and a welded bead layer B is laminated on one surface of the base material M to form a laminated model W. Manufacture. In this reference example, as shown in FIG. 3B, by continuously laminating the welded bead layer B in one direction, heat shrinkage is accumulated in one direction, and the target shape (the shape shown by the middle dotted line in FIG. 3B). ), The laminated model W is biased and deformed, and the modeling accuracy is lowered.

On the other hand, according to this example, as shown in FIG. 4, when the welded bead layer B is formed on the base metal M along the laminating direction A, the heat of the entire laminated model W due to the heat of the welded beads A neutral position T that minimizes shrinkage is determined, and this neutral position T is set as a division position S that divides the laminated model W into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction A, and the size and shape including the division position S are set. Select the base material M. Therefore, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the selected base material M to produce the laminated model W, the heat shrinkage is dispersed in the regions on both the front and back surfaces of the base material M in a well-balanced manner, so that the heat of the welded bead is distributed. The effect of heat shrinkage due to heat shrinkage can be suppressed as much as possible. As a result, deformation due to heat shrinkage and unevenness of heat shrinkage can be suppressed, and the laminated model W can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

Next, various modification examples will be described. However, the following modifications 1 to 3 are reference examples representing other forms different from the present invention.
(Modification 1)
As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D, the laminated model W1 according to the modified example 1 has square tubular portions 63 and 65 having different outer shapes on the front and back surfaces of the plate-shaped base material M. These square tube portions 63 and 65 are formed by laminating the welded bead layer B. In this laminated model W1, when the stacking direction is A, the boundary portion of the square tube portions 63 and 65 is a planar neutral position T. Therefore, when manufacturing this laminated model W1, the neutral position T is set to the division position S that divides the laminated product W1 into two regions with respect to the stacking direction A (division position setting step). Then, a flat plate-shaped base material M including the divided position S including the planar neutral position T is selected (base material selection step), and the welded bead layer B is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M. As a result, the laminated model W1 in which the square tubular portions 63 and 65 having different outer shapes are formed on the front and back surfaces of the flat plate-shaped base material M is modeled (laminated modeling process).

Also in the case of this modification 1, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the selected base material M to produce the laminated model W1, the heat shrinkage is dispersed in the regions on both the front and back surfaces of the base material M in a well-balanced manner. Therefore, the influence of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the welded bead can be suppressed as much as possible.

(Modification 2)
As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the laminated model W2 according to the modified example 2 has block portions 73 and 75 having different outer shapes on the front and back surfaces of the plate-shaped base material M. These block portions 73 and 75 are formed by laminating the welded bead layer B. In this laminated model W2, when the stacking direction is A, the boundary portion between the block portions 73 and 75 is a planar neutral position T. Therefore, when manufacturing this laminated model W2, the neutral position T is set to the division position S that divides the laminated product W2 into two regions with respect to the stacking direction A (division position setting step). Then, a flat plate-shaped base material M including the divided position S including the planar neutral position T is selected (base material selection step), and the welded bead layer B is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M. As a result, the laminated model W2 in which the block portions 73 and 75 having different outer shapes are formed on the front and back surfaces of the flat plate-shaped base material M is modeled (laminated modeling process).

In the case of manufacturing the laminated model W2 according to the modification 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the block portion 73 on one region side with respect to the base material M is formed, the block portion 73 is formed. At the time of modeling, bending stress F1 is applied due to the influence of heat shrinkage of the block portion 73. After that, when the block portion 75 on the other region side is molded, as shown in FIG. 7B, the bending stress F2 in the direction opposite to that at the time of molding the block portion 73 due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the other block portion 75. Is given. As a result, the laminated model W2 may be distorted due to the uneven distribution of large heat shrinkage in each region.

Therefore, when modeling the laminated model W2, the welded bead layer B is laminated as follows in order to suppress distortion due to heat shrinkage.

A welded bead layer B is formed in one region with respect to the base metal M. Then, as shown in FIG. 8A, due to the influence of heat shrinkage of the formed welded bead layer B, the neutral position T0 of the laminated model in the middle of modeling formed the welded bead layer B with respect to the divided position S. Displace to one area side.

From this state, the welded bead layer B is formed in the other region opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the split position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8B, the neutral position T0 is displaced to the other region side where the welded bead layer B is formed due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the formed welded bead layer B.

From this state, the welded bead layer B is formed in one region on the opposite side of the neutral position T0 with respect to the split position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), the neutral position T0 is displaced to the one region side where the welded bead layer B is formed due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the formed welded bead layer B.

Similarly, the welded bead layer B is formed in the other region opposite to the neutral position T0 with respect to the split position S. Then, as shown in FIG. 8D, the neutral position T0 is displaced to the other region side where the welded bead layer B is formed due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the formed welded bead layer B.

In this way, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base material M, the welded bead layer B is laminated on the side opposite to the neutral position T0 of the laminated model in the middle of modeling with respect to the division position S. As a result, the neutral position T0 of the laminated model in the process of modeling can be modeled while approaching the split position S, and the deformation due to heat shrinkage and the bias of the heat shrinkage can be suppressed in a more balanced manner.

(Modification 3)
As shown in FIG. 9, in the laminated model W3 according to the modified example 3, the neutral position T changes along the specific direction C orthogonal to the laminating direction A of the welded bead layer B. In this way, a case where the division position S is set in the laminated model W3 in which the neutral position T changes along the specific direction C will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 10A, the laminated model W3 is divided into regions where the neutral position T is continuous with respect to the specific direction C orthogonal to the stacking direction A. Next, the divided body having the maximum volume is selected from the plurality of divided bodies W3a, W3b, W3c, and W3d. In the laminated model W3, the divided body having the maximum volume is W3b, so this divided body W3b is selected. Then, as shown in FIG. 10B, the neutral position T of the selected split body W3b is set to the split position S. After that, a flat plate-shaped base material M including the divided position S is selected (base material selection step), and a welded bead layer B is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M to form a laminated model W3 (laminated modeling). Process).

Next, another method of setting the division position S of the laminated model W3 according to the modification 3 in which the neutral position T changes along the specific direction C orthogonal to the stacking direction A of the welded bead layer B will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 11A, the laminated model W3 is divided at positions where the volumes are equally divided along the stacking direction A. Then, as shown in FIG. 11B, the divided positions of the divided bodies W3e and W3f divided at the positions where the volumes are equally divided are set as the divided positions S which are the selection criteria of the base material M. After that, a flat plate-shaped base material M including the divided position S is selected (base material selection step), and a welded bead layer B is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material M to form a laminated model W3 (laminated modeling). Process).

As described above, according to the modification 3, the deformation and the bias of the heat shrinkage due to the heat shrinkage when manufacturing the laminated model W3 having a complicated shape whose shape changes in the specific direction C orthogonal to the stacking direction A are suppressed in a well-balanced manner. be able to.

(Modification example 4)
As shown in (a) of FIG. 12 and (b) of FIG. 12, the laminated model W4 according to the modified example 4 has four block portions 93, 95, 97, 99 having different outer shapes. The block portions 93, 95 and the block portions 97, 99 extend in opposite directions to each other.

In such a laminated model W4, for example, the stacking direction A1 along the block portions 93 and 95 and the stacking direction A2 along the block portions 97 and 99 are set by using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model W4 to be modeled. (Laminating direction setting process).

Next, the division position of the laminated model W4 is set. Specifically, with respect to the set stacking directions A1 and A2, each neutral position T that minimizes the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model W4 due to the heat of the welded bead is determined. Then, these neutral positions T are set at the division positions S1 and S2 (division position setting step).

After setting the division positions S1 and S2 in the laminated model W4, the base material M having a size and shape including the intersection S0 of the division positions S1 and S2 is selected (base material selection step). For example, as the base material M, a rod material having a simple shape that can suppress the cost as much as possible is selected. Here, a bar made of a round bar is used. The base material M is not limited to the round bar material, but may be a square bar material.

After determining the stacking directions A1 and A2, setting the division positions S1 and S2, and selecting the base material M, the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base material M made of a round bar in the stacking directions A1 and A2. The block portions 93, 95, 97, 99 are modeled (laminated modeling process). At this time, as shown in FIG. 13A, first, the block portions 93 and 95 facing each other along the stacking direction A1 with respect to the base material M are formed. Then, after the block portions 93 and 95 are formed, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the block portions 97 and 99 facing each other along the stacking direction A2 are formed with respect to the base material M.

As described above, in the modification 4, the division positions S1 and S2 composed of the plurality of neutral positions T calculated by setting the plurality of stacking directions A1 and A2 are set, and the intersections of the division positions S1 and S2 are set. A base material M having a size and shape including S0 is selected. Therefore, the laminated model W4 in which the welded bead layer B is laminated in the direction orthogonal to the base material M made of the bar is manufactured with high modeling accuracy while suppressing deformation due to heat shrinkage and bias of heat shrinkage more finely. be able to.

(Modification 5)
As shown in FIG. 14, the laminated model W5 according to the modified example 5 has three block portions 103, 105, 107. These block portions 103, 105, 107 extend radially.

In such a laminated model W5, as shown in FIG. 15, for example, using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model W5 to be modeled, the stacking direction A1 along the block portion 103 and the stacking direction A2 along the block portion 105 are used. And the stacking direction A3 along the block portion 107 is set (stacking direction setting step).

Next, the division position of the laminated model W5 is set. Specifically, with respect to the set stacking directions A1, A2, and A3, each neutral position T that minimizes the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model W5 due to the heat of the welded bead is determined, and these neutral positions T are divided into the split positions S1. , S2, S3 (division position setting step).

After setting the division positions S1, S2, and S3 in the laminated model W5, the base material M having a size and shape including the intersection S0 of the division positions S1, S2, and S3 is selected (base material selection step). For example, as the base material M, a round bar material having a simple shape that can suppress the cost as much as possible is selected.

After determining the stacking directions A1, A2 and A3, setting the division positions S1, S2 and S3 and selecting the base material M, the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base material M made of a round bar in the stacking directions A1 and A2. , A3, and the block portions 103, 105, 107 are modeled (laminated modeling process). When the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base material M, the welded bead layer B is laminated in the stacking directions A1, A2, and A3 while suppressing the bias of heat shrinkage. Specifically, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base metal M, the intersection T0 at the neutral position along each stacking direction A1, A2, A3 of the laminated model in the process of modeling is the division position S1, S2. Try not to deviate from the intersection S0 of S3 as much as possible.

Here, FIG. 16 shows the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling when the welded bead layer B is laminated in order in the stacking directions A1, A2, and A3 on the base material M made of a round bar. Shows fluctuations in.

As shown in FIG. 16A, the welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A1 with respect to the base metal M. Then, due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling is displaced toward the region where the welded bead layer B is laminated along the stacking direction A1.

From this state, as shown in FIG. 16B, the welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A2 with respect to the base metal M. Then, due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling is displaced toward the region where the welded bead layer B is laminated along the stacking directions A1 and A2.

Further, from this state, as shown in FIG. 16C, a welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A3 with respect to the base metal M. Then, the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B is evenly applied to the base metal M, so that the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling becomes the intersection S0 at the division positions S1, S2, S3. Is matched to.

From this state, as shown in FIG. 16D, the welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A3 with respect to the base material M. Then, due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling is displaced toward the region where the welded bead layer B is laminated along the stacking direction A3.

From this state, as shown in FIG. 16 (e), the welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A1 with respect to the base metal M. Then, due to the influence of the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling is displaced toward the region where the welded bead layer B is laminated along the stacking directions A1 and A3.

Further, from this state, as shown in FIG. 16 (f), the welded bead layer B is formed in the stacking direction A2 with respect to the base metal M. Then, the heat shrinkage of the welded bead layer B is evenly applied to the base metal M, so that the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model in the middle of modeling becomes the intersection S0 at the division positions S1, S2, S3. Is matched to.

In this way, when the welded bead layer B is laminated on the base metal M, the intersection T0 at the neutral position of the laminated model during modeling is prevented from deviating from the intersection S0 at the division positions S1, S2, S3 as much as possible. This makes it possible to suppress the overall distortion of the manufactured laminated model W5.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified or applied by those skilled in the art based on the mutual combination of the configurations of the embodiments, the description of the specification, and the well-known technique. It is also a matter of the present invention to do so, and it is included in the scope of seeking protection.

As described above, the following matters are disclosed in this specification.
(1) A method for planning and designing a laminated model of a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers composed of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on a base material.
A stacking direction setting step for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a stacking direction setting step.
When the welded bead layer is formed on the base metal along the laminating direction, a neutral position where the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized is determined, and the neutral position is set to the neutral position. A division position setting step of setting a division position for dividing a modeled object into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction, and a division position setting step.
A base material selection step of selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
Laminated modeling planning design method for laminated modeling including.
According to this laminated molding planning and design method, when the welded bead layer is formed on the base metal along the laminating direction, a neutral position where the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized is determined and this neutral position is obtained. The position is set to a division position that divides the laminated model into a plurality of regions with respect to the lamination direction, and a base material having a size and shape including this division position is selected. Therefore, when the welded bead layer is laminated on the selected base material to produce a laminated model, the influence of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the welded bead can be suppressed as much as possible. As a result, deformation due to heat shrinkage and unevenness of heat shrinkage can be suppressed, and a laminated model can be manufactured with high molding accuracy.

(2) In the stacking direction setting step, a plurality of the stacking directions are set.
In the division position setting step, the neutral position is determined for each of the stacking directions and set to the division position.
The method for planning and designing a laminated model according to (1), wherein in the base material selection step, the base material having a size and shape including an intersection of a plurality of the divided positions is selected.
According to this laminated modeling plan design method, a divided position consisting of a plurality of neutral positions determined by setting a plurality of laminated directions is set, and a base material having a size and a shape including the intersection of the divided positions is selected. .. Therefore, deformation due to heat shrinkage and bias of heat shrinkage can be suppressed more finely, and a laminated model can be manufactured with higher molding accuracy.

(3) In the division position setting step, the laminated model is divided into regions in which the neutral position is continuous in a specific direction orthogonal to the lamination direction.
The method for planning and designing a laminated model according to (1) or (2), wherein the neutral position of the divided body having the maximum volume is set to the divided position from the plurality of divided bodies.
According to this laminated modeling planning and designing method, it is possible to suppress deformation and bias of thermal shrinkage due to heat shrinkage in manufacturing a laminated modeled product having a complicated shape whose shape changes in a specific direction orthogonal to the stacking direction in a well-balanced manner.

(4) In the division position setting step, the laminated model is divided at a position where the volume is equally divided along the lamination direction, and the division position is set to the division position (1) or (2). The method for planning and designing a laminated model according to the above.
According to this laminated modeling planning and designing method, it is possible to suppress deformation and bias of thermal shrinkage due to heat shrinkage in manufacturing a laminated modeled product having a complicated shape whose shape changes in a specific direction orthogonal to the stacking direction in a well-balanced manner.

(5) According to the laminated modeling procedure determined by the laminated modeling planning and design method according to any one of (1) to (4), the welded bead layer is laminated on the base material and the laminated model is formed. A method of manufacturing a laminated model.
According to this method for manufacturing a laminated model, it is possible to produce a laminated model with high molding accuracy in which deformation due to heat shrinkage caused by heat of the welded bead and bias of heat shrinkage are suppressed.

(6) The welding bead layer is laminated along the laminating direction on the front and back surfaces of the base material made of the plate material by selecting the base material made of the plate material in the base material selection step. Manufacturing method of laminated model.
According to this method for manufacturing a laminated model, it is possible to manufacture a laminated model in which a welded bead layer is laminated on the front and back of a base material made of a plate material with high modeling accuracy.

(7) In the base material selection step, the base material made of a bar is selected, and the welded bead layer is laminated on the base material made of the bar along the stacking directions orthogonal to each other (7). The method for manufacturing a laminated model according to 5).
According to this method for manufacturing a laminated model, a laminated model in which a welded bead layer is laminated in a direction orthogonal to a base material made of a bar can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

(8) In the base material selection step, the base material made of a round bar is selected, and the welded bead layer is radially laminated on the peripheral surface of the base material made of the round bar along the laminating direction. The method for manufacturing a laminated model according to (5).
According to this method for manufacturing a laminated model, a laminated model in which welded bead layers are radially laminated on the peripheral surface of a base material made of a round bar can be manufactured with high modeling accuracy.

(9) A control unit that determines a laminated modeling procedure according to the laminated modeling planning and design method according to any one of (1) to (4).
A modeling unit that is driven according to the determined laminated modeling procedure and that forms the laminated model by laminating the welded bead layer on the base material.
Equipment for manufacturing laminated objects.
According to this laminated model manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to manufacture a laminated model with high molding accuracy in which deformation due to heat shrinkage caused by heat of the welded bead and bias of heat shrinkage are suppressed.

(10) A program that causes a computer to execute a procedure for determining a laminated modeling plan for a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers composed of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on a base material. hand,
To the computer
A procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer.
When the welded bead layer is formed on the base metal along the laminating direction, a neutral position where the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized is determined, and the neutral position is set to the neutral position. A procedure for setting a division position for dividing a modeled object into a plurality of regions with respect to the stacking direction, and a procedure for setting the modeled object at a division position.
A procedure for selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
A program to execute.
According to this program, when a welded bead layer is laminated on a selected base material to produce a laminated model, the influence of heat shrinkage due to the heat of the welded bead is suppressed as much as possible. As a result, deformation due to heat shrinkage and unevenness of heat shrinkage can be suppressed, and a laminated model can be manufactured with high molding accuracy.

11 Modeling unit 37 Control unit 100 Laminated model manufacturing equipment A, A1, A2, A3 Laminated direction B Welding bead layer C Specific direction Fm Lubricant M Base material S Divided position T Neutral position W, W1 to W5 Laminated model W3a to W3f divided body

Claims (8)

It is a method of planning and designing a laminated model of a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers composed of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on one base material.
A stacking direction setting step for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a stacking direction setting step.
In the division position setting step of setting the division position for dividing the laminated model into two regions in one stacking direction, the base material is arranged at the division position and the base material is arranged in a plurality of regions of the base material. Assuming that the welded bead layer is formed on each of the facing surfaces to form the plurality of regions along the stacking direction, the heat shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead is minimized. The division position setting step of setting the neutral position , which is the position of the base metal, to the division position,
A base material selection step of selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
Laminated modeling planning design method for laminated modeling including. In the stacking direction setting step, a plurality of the stacking directions are set.
In the division position setting step, the neutral position is determined for each of the stacking directions and set to the division position.
The method for planning and designing a laminated model according to claim 1, wherein in the process of selecting a base material, the base material having a size and shape including an intersection of a plurality of the divided positions is selected. A method for manufacturing a laminated model, in which the welded bead layer is laminated on the base material to form the laminated model according to the layered modeling procedure determined by the laminated modeling planning and design method according to claim 1 or 2 . The laminated molding according to claim 3 , wherein in the base material selection step, the base material made of a plate material is selected, and the welded bead layer is laminated on the front and back surfaces of the base material made of the plate material along the laminating direction. Manufacturing method of goods. The third aspect of the present invention is that in the base material selection step, the base material made of a bar is selected, and the welded bead layer is laminated on the base material made of the bar along the laminating direction orthogonal to each other. The method for manufacturing a laminated model according to the description. The claim that the base material made of a round bar material is selected in the base material selection step, and the welded bead layer is radially laminated on the peripheral surface of the base material made of the round bar material along the laminating direction. 3. The method for manufacturing a laminated model according to 3. A control unit that determines a laminated modeling procedure according to the laminated modeling planning and design method according to claim 1 or 2 .
A modeling unit that is driven according to the determined laminated modeling procedure and that forms the laminated model by laminating the welded bead layer on the base material.
Equipment for manufacturing laminated objects. It is a program that causes a computer to execute a procedure for determining a laminated modeling plan for a laminated model in which a plurality of welded bead layers composed of welded beads obtained by melting and solidifying a filler metal are laminated on one base material. ,
To the computer
A procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer using the three-dimensional shape data of the laminated model to be modeled, and a procedure for setting the stacking direction of the welded bead layer.
It is a procedure for obtaining a division position for dividing the laminated model into two regions in one stacking direction, in which the base material is arranged at the division position and each facing a plurality of regions of the base material is opposed to each other. Assuming that the welded bead layer is formed on the surface along the laminated direction to form the respective regions, the base material that minimizes the thermal shrinkage of the entire laminated model due to the heat of the welded bead. The procedure for setting the neutral position, which is the position of, to the divided position, and
A procedure for selecting the base material having a size and shape including the division position, and
A program to execute.

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