JP7193855B2 - transplanter - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a transplanter for planting seedlings in fields.

As a background art, the transplanter 100 described in Patent Document 1 is exemplified. As shown in FIG. 9, this transplanter 100 comprises a planting means 141 which is vertically supported by a vertically moving means 136 . The planting means 141 has a planting cup 144 whose lower part can be opened and closed. The planting means 141 receives the seedling P in the planting cup 144 when ascending, forms a planting hole H in the ground with the planting cup 144 while descending, and opens the lower part of the planting cup 144. is configured to plant the seedling P in the planting hole H. The transplanter described in Patent Document 2 is also configured in the same manner as the transplanter 100 of Patent Document 1.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2016-171765 JP-A-2015-65958

However, the conventional transplanter 100 may not be able to plant in a hard field due to insufficient force for inserting the planting cup 144 into the ground and insufficient force for opening the lower portion of the planting cup 144 . The reason for this is that the conventional transplanter 100 employs a simple structure in which "the operation of inserting the planting cup 144 into the field" and "the operation of opening the lower part of the planting cup 144 in the soil" are performed simultaneously. The load of both of these movements concentrates on the components for driving the planting cup 144, causing them to flex and release forces. Therefore, it is conceivable to improve the strength of the component parts, but this would result in a significant increase in cost.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the planting cup 144 reaches the lowest point L while the lower part opens, so that a raised portion Ha of soil is formed at the center of the hole (FIGS. 10A and 10B). Since the seedling P is placed on the protruding portion Ha, the seedling P may be tilted, resulting in a falling seedling with a poor planting posture (Fig. 1(c)), which is also a cause of shallow planting. . Therefore, in order to form a deeper planting hole H, it is conceivable to open the lower portion of the planting cup 144 while inserting the planting cup 144 deeper into the soil. The problem is that the lower part will not open and planting will not be possible.

In order to solve the above problems, the transplanter of the present invention
The fuselage is equipped with a planting means having a planting cup whose lower part can be opened and closed, and a lifting means for supporting the planting means so that it can move up and down,
The planting means is driven up and down via the up-and-down movement means as the machine body advances, so that when the planting cup rises, the lower part is closed to receive the seedlings. A transplanter configured to descend into the ground in a housed state, open the lower portion to form a planting hole, and release seedlings into the planting hole,
The planting cup is configured such that the lower part opens and closes in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of an opening/closing lever,
The opening/closing lever is transmitted to the opening/closing lever via a cam mechanism configured to transmit the operation when the lifting/lowering means is raised from the lowest point to the opening/closing lever as an operation for opening the lower portion of the planting cup. is connected to the lifting means ,
The cam mechanism has release means for releasing the power transmission to the opening/closing lever when the elevation movement means rises to a predetermined height .

According to this configuration, the cam mechanism can open the lower portion when the planting cup is raised from the lowest point. As a result, the planting hole can be formed so that the center is the deepest, and the planting posture of the seedling released into the planting hole can be stabilized substantially vertically. In addition, since the planting cup is opened when the elevation movement means is moved upward, the timing of the operation of thrusting the planting cup into the ground during the downward movement of the elevation movement means and the planting cup in the soil are controlled. It is possible to separate the timing of the operation to open the attached cup. Therefore, since the driving force of the transplanter can be focused on the timing of each operation, the planting cup can be plunged into the ground even in a harder field, and the planting cup can be plunged deeper into the soil. be able to open. In addition, by separating the timing of the operation, it is possible to separate the timing at which a load is applied to the components of the transplanter. Therefore, by suppressing the strength of the constituent parts of the transplanter, the transplanter can be constructed at a low cost.

Furthermore, according to this configuration, the maximum amount of opening of the lower portion of the planting cup can be set.

As the transplanter,
The cam mechanism exemplifies a mode in which adjusting means for adjusting the predetermined height is provided.

According to this configuration, by adjusting the predetermined height with the adjusting means, it is possible to adjust the maximum amount of opening of the lower part of the planting cup, thereby adjusting the size of the planting hole to the planting target. It can be appropriately adjusted according to conditions such as the kind and size of seedlings.

According to the transplanter according to the present invention, there is an excellent effect that it is possible to plant in a harder field and to plant more deeply.

1 is a plan view of a transplanter according to an embodiment embodying the present invention; FIG. It is a side view of the same transplanter. It is a rear view of the same transplanter. Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting part of the transplanter, viewed from the rear, with the planting means of the transplanter at the lowest point; FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting part of the transplanter in a state where the planting means of the transplanter is raised above the level shown in FIG. 4 ; FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting portion of the transplanter in a state where the planting means of the transplanter is raised above the level shown in FIG. 5 ; Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting part of the transplanter in a state where the planting means of the transplanter is at the highest point, viewed from the back; It is a figure which shows formation of the planting hole by the same transplanter step by step. Fig. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of the planting part of the conventional transplanter, with the planting means of the conventional transplanter at the bottom dead center, viewed from the rear; It is a figure which shows formation of the planting hole by the conventional transplanter step by step.

1 to 8 show a transplanter of one embodiment embodying the present invention, and in each figure, an arrow F indicates the front side of the body. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, this transplanter 1 is supported by front wheels 2, rear wheels 3 and auxiliary wheels 4, and is constructed so as to be able to move forward in a field. a planting support portion 6 configured to be movable to the left and right direction and capable of position fixing in the left and right direction; , front wheels 2 , rear wheels 3 and a prime mover 9 as driving means for driving the planting portion 7 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the body 5 includes a lateral frame 11 extending in the left-right direction, and a side frame 12 provided on one end side (left side in this example) of the lateral frame 11 and extending in the front-rear direction in plan view. and The side frame 12 is supported by the front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 provided via the wheel case 13, and is equipped with the guide wheels 8 and the prime mover 9. As shown in FIG. The front wheels 2 and the rear wheels 3 are arranged in a row in the front-rear direction, and the power of the prime mover 9 is transmitted through the speed reduction transmission 14, the clutch 15, and the traveling power transmission mechanism 16 to be rotationally driven. (See Figures 1 and 2). The other end side of the horizontal frame 11 is supported by auxiliary wheels 4 provided via auxiliary wheel stays 11a. In addition, a seedling mounting table 10 is provided above the connecting portion between the lateral frame 11 and the side frame 12 of the machine body 5 . Furthermore, handles 18 and 19 extending rearward are provided on both sides of the body 5, respectively.

The planting support section 6 includes a support seat 21 , a lifting support means 22 , a biasing means 23 , a biasing force adjusting means 24 and a retracting means 25 .

The support seat 21 is supported by the lateral frame 11 of the machine body 5 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction, and is fixed by a support seat fixing screw 21a (see FIG. 1).

The elevating support means 22 is configured to vertically support the planting portion 7 with respect to the support seat 21, and in this example, a parallel link consisting of a pair of upper and lower links 22a and 22b is employed.

The urging means 23 is configured to urge the planted portion 7 upward against the support seat 21. In this example, the urging means 23 is arranged outward from the base end fulcrum of the lower link 22a of the elevation support means 22. This is realized by urging downward a projecting piece 23a protruded downward by a suspension device 23b. The suspension device 23b has a lower end connected to the tip of the projecting piece 23a and an upper end connected to the biasing force adjusting means 24 . The biasing force adjusting means 24 can adjust the biasing force of the biasing means 23 .

The retracting means 25 is fixed at a position where the planted portion 7 is retracted to the uppermost position by the lifting support means 22 .

The planting part 7 is configured to be driven from the body side via a planting drive shaft 31 extending between the body side and the planting part side. One end of the planting drive shaft 31 is connected to the prime mover 9 via a planting power transmission mechanism 32 . The planting unit 7 of this example includes a planting frame 34 supported by the lifting support means 22. As shown in FIGS. A means 36, an elevation drive means 37, an earth removal means 38 and an earth gathering means 39 are supported. The lifting means 36 supports the planting means 41 so as to be able to move up and down.

The seedling supply means 35 is fixed above the highest point of the planting means 41 . The seedling replenishing means 35 includes a tubular body 42 configured to allow the seedlings P to be inserted through an upper opening, and a shutter 43 configured to open and close the lower opening of the tubular body 42 . The cylindrical body 42 has a tapered shape with an enlarged diameter opening at the upper end, which is an inlet, so that the seedlings P can be easily introduced. The shutter 43 has two shutter pieces 43a and 43b rotatably supported on the left and right sides of the lower end opening of the cylindrical body via a support shaft, respectively, and the lower end opening of the cylindrical body 42 is closed. , urging means (not shown) for urging both shutter pieces 43a and 43b, respectively, and a shutter rod 43d for interlocking and opening and closing both shutter pieces 43a and 43b. The two shutter pieces 43a and 43b are configured to open symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the cylindrical body 42. As shown in FIG. One shutter piece 43a (in this example, the right side) is provided with a protruding piece 43e that protrudes outward on the opposite shaft side thereof, and is attached to the lifting and lowering means 36 when the lifting and lowering means 36 is lifted. When the projecting piece 43e is pushed up by the opening/closing metal fitting 36c, the two shutter pieces 43a and 43b are opened in conjunction with each other. 43a and 43b are configured to be closed together.

The planting means 41 receives the seedlings P from the seedling supply means 35 when it rises as shown in FIG. 7, and descends as shown in FIG. 4 to form a planting hole H in the ground. As shown in 6, the seedling P is planted in the planting hole H. This planting means 41 is attached to a planting cup seat 45, and includes a planting cup 44 whose lower part opens and closes, a cam mechanism 60 which drives the lower part of the planting cup 44, and a lower part of the planting cup 44. A locking claw 49 and a locked portion 47d are provided as locking means for locking in the open state.

The planting cup 44 is provided with a pair of planting cup pieces 46 and 47 which are formed substantially plane-symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the central axis. The pair of planting cup pieces 46 and 47 are attached to the planting cup seat 45 so as to be swingable in the vertical plane, so that the lower portions thereof can be opened and closed, and are biased toward each other in the closing direction. It is biased by a spring 48 as means. One planting cup piece 46 is provided with an elongated notch 46a, and the other planting cup piece 47 is provided with a roller 47a that engages with the notch 46a. Therefore, when one of the planted cup pieces is rotated to open, the other planted cup piece is also rotated to open. An open/close lever 46b is extended from one of the planted cup pieces 46, and when the open/close lever 46b is reciprocated, the pair of planted cup pieces 46 and 47 are opened and closed in conjunction therewith. there is The opening/closing lever is connected to the elevation movement means 36 via a cam mechanism.

The cam mechanism 60 includes a cam plate 61 and a cam follower 63 which are relatively connected to the opening/closing lever 46b and the elevation movement means 36, and is guided by a cam groove 62 formed in the cam plate 61 and the cam groove 62. With the cam follower 63, the movement of the lifting means 36 rising from the lowermost point L is transmitted to the opening/closing lever 46b as the movement of opening the lower portion of the planting cup 44. As shown in FIG. In the cam mechanism 60 of this example, the cam plate 61 is connected to the tip of the opening/closing lever 46b, and the cam follower 63 is connected to the elevation movement means 36. As shown in FIG. The cam mechanism 60 also includes a releasing means 64 for releasing transmission to the opening/closing lever 46b when the elevation moving means 36 rises to a predetermined height, and an adjusting means 70 for adjusting the predetermined height.

The cam plate 61 is rotatably supported about a shaft 65 with respect to the tip of the opening/closing lever 46b, and is supported via a buffer mechanism 66 so as to be buffered. The cam groove 62 has a long groove 62a that allows the movement of the cam follower 63 over the entire range of vertical movement of the vertical movement means 36, and a long groove 62a that allows the cam follower 63 to enter when the vertical movement means 36 is at the lowest point L. , and a locking groove 62b for locking the movement of the cam follower 63. As shown in FIG. The cam follower 63 is provided at the tip of a cam follower support portion 36g extending upward from the tip of a link 36a (described later) below the elevation movement means 36, and the elevation movement means 36 reaches the lowest point L. It is in the long groove 62a at the time of descent to reach it, and at the lowest point L it enters the locking groove 62b.

The release means 64 includes a slope 67 provided in the cam groove 62 of the cam plate 61 and a pin 68 attached to the planting cup seat 45 and in contact with the slope 67 . Then, the pin 68 comes into contact with the slope 67 before the lifting means 36 reaches the predetermined height from the lowest point L. As shown in FIG. Then, the cam plate 61 is rotated, whereby the cam follower 63 escapes from the engaging groove 62b and enters the long groove 62a. The cam follower 63 remains in the long groove 62a until it reaches the lowest point L again.

The adjusting means 70 is realized by adjusting the mounting position of the pin 68 in the mounting hole 69 for the pin 68 in the planting cup seat 45 .

In this way, the cam mechanism 60 does not transmit the movement of the upward/downward movement means 36 to the opening/closing lever 46b because the cam follower 63 moves in the long groove 62a, so that the upward/downward movement means 36 moves downward. During movement upward from the point L to a predetermined height, the cam follower 63 is engaged with the engagement groove 62b to drive the open/close lever 46b so as to open the lower portion of the planting cup 44. As an operation, it is configured to be transmitted to the opening/closing lever 46b. As a result, the pair of planting cup pieces 46 and 47 are opened in conjunction with each other when the lifting/lowering means 36 moves upward from the lowest point L to form a planting hole H in the ground and a seedling P therein. emits Since the cam plate is supported by the tip of the opening/closing lever 46b via the buffer mechanism 66, the buffer mechanism 66 will not open the lower part of the planting cup 44 because the field is hard. The absorption is intended to prevent the planting cup 44 from being forced open, thereby avoiding excessive reaction from the ground and preventing damage to the components.

The locking claw 49 is rotatably provided on the planting cup seat 45 via a shaft extending in the front-rear direction, and is biased by a biasing means (not shown) so as to rotate downward. It is configured to engage with a locked portion 47d provided on the cup piece 47 to maintain the state in which the pair of planted cup pieces 46, 47 are open. While the planting means 41 is ascending, the locking claw 49 is rotated against a release pin 36f provided on the lower link 36a of the lifting/lowering means 36 to release the lock of the locked portion 47d. Then, the pair of planting cup pieces 46, 47 are interlocked and automatically closed.

The lifting means 36 supports the planting means 41 so as to be able to move up and down. In this example, a parallel link consisting of a pair of upper and lower links 36a and 36b is employed. The upper link 36b is urged upward by a planting balance spring 36d provided between it and the planting frame 34, so as to reduce the load when the lifting drive means 37 is driven upward. It has become.

The elevation drive means 37 drives the elevation movement means 36 up and down. and a crank mechanism 56 that converts the reciprocating motion into a reciprocating motion and transmits it to the lifting/lowering means 36 . The transmission mechanism raises and lowers the planting means 41 so that the planting means 41 moves faster near the bottom dead center and moves slower near the highest point. The crank mechanism 56 includes a crank 56a driven by the output shaft of the transmission mechanism, a rod 56b whose lower end is rotatably supported by the crank 56a and driven up and down, and an upper end of the rod 56b. A rod support portion 56c supported on the upper link so as to be able to slide vertically, an adjustment member 56d attached above the rod support portion 56c of the rod 56b so that the vertical position can be adjusted, and a rod support portion 56c of the rod 56b and the adjustment member 56c. A rod spring 56e is inserted between the members 56d and serves as biasing means for biasing the rod upward against the rod support portion 56c. The rod spring 56 e has an elastic force capable of supporting the weight of the lifting means 36 and the planting means 41 . In this way, by providing the rod spring 56e between the upper and lower fulcrums of the rod 56b in the crank mechanism 56, when the field is hard and the planting means 41 cannot penetrate into the soil, the rod spring is contracted to move the planting cup to the ground. It is designed to stop on the surface of the ground to avoid excessive reaction from the ground and prevent damage to components.

As described above, the transplanter 1 of the present invention includes the planting means 41 having the planting cup 44 whose lower part can be opened and closed, and the lifting means 36 that supports the planting means 41 so as to be vertically movable. is provided on the machine body 5, and the planting means 41 is driven up and down via the lifting movement means 36 as the machine body 5 advances, so that when the planting cup 44 rises, the seedling with the lower part closed P is received, it descends with the seedling P accommodated, plunges into the ground, the lower part opens to form a planting hole H, and the seedling P is released into the planting hole H. there is The planting cup 44 is constructed such that the lower part thereof opens and closes in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of the opening/closing lever 46b, and the operation when the lifting/lowering means 36 is raised from the lowest point L is the planting cup. The opening/closing lever 46b is connected to the lifting/lowering means 36 via a cam mechanism 60 which is configured to transmit to the opening/closing lever 46b as an operation for opening the lower portion of the opening/closing lever 44b. According to this configuration, the cam mechanism 60 can open the lower portion when the planting cup 44 rises from the lowest point L (see FIGS. 8(a) to 8(d)). As a result, the planting hole H can be formed so that the center is the deepest, and the planting posture of the seedling P discharged into the planting hole H can be stabilized substantially vertically. In addition, since the planting cup 44 is opened when the vertically moving means 36 moves upward, the planting cup 44 can be inserted into the ground when the vertically moving means 36 moves downward. The timing of the action to open the cup 44 can be separated. Therefore, since the driving force of the transplanter 1 can be focused on the timing of each operation, the planting cup 44 can be plunged into the ground even in a hard field, and the planting cup 44 can be pushed deeper than the soil. You will be able to enter and open it. In addition, by separating the timing of the operation, the timing at which a load is applied to the components of the transplanter 1 can be separated. Therefore, by suppressing the strength of the constituent parts of the transplanter 1, the transplanter 1 can be configured at low cost.

The cam mechanism 60 has a canceling means 64 for canceling the power transmission to the open/close lever 46b when the elevation moving means 36 rises to a predetermined height. According to this configuration, the maximum amount of opening of the lower portion of the planting cup 44 can be set.

Further, the cam mechanism 60 is provided with adjusting means 70 for adjusting the predetermined height. According to this configuration, by adjusting the predetermined height with the adjusting means 70, the maximum amount of opening of the lower portion of the planting cup 44 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the size of the planting hole H to the planting target. It can be appropriately adjusted according to the conditions such as the kind and size of the seedlings.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be embodied with appropriate modifications within the scope of the invention, for example, as described below.
(1) In the cam mechanism 60 , the cam plate 61 is connected to the elevation movement means 36 and the cam follower 63 is connected to the elevation movement means 36 .
(2) The adjustment means 70 is realized by configuring the position of the slope 67 on the cam plate 61 to be adjustable.

1 Transplanter 2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 4 Auxiliary wheel 5 Body 6 Planting support part 7 Planting part 8 Guide wheel 9 Motor 10 Seedling platform 11 Horizontal frame 11a Auxiliary wheel stay 12 Side frame 13 Wheel case 14 Reduction mission 15 Clutch 16 Running Power Transmission Mechanism 18 Handle 19 Handle 21 Support Seat 21a Support Seat Fixing Screw 22 Lifting Support Means 22a Lower Link 22b Upper Link 23 Biasing Means 23a Protruding Piece 23b Suspension Device 24 Biasing Force Adjusting Means 25 Retracting Means 31 Planting Drive Shaft 32 Planting power transmission mechanism 34 Planting frame 35 Seedling supply means 36 Up-and-down movement means 36a Link 36b Link 36c Open/close metal fitting 36d Planting balance spring 36f Release pin 36g Cam follower support part 37 Up-and-down driving means 38 Soil removing means 39 Earth gathering means 41 Planting Attachment means 42 Cylindrical body 43 Shutter 43a Shutter piece 43b Shutter piece 43d Shutter rod 43e Protruding piece 44 Planting cup 45 Planting cup seat 46 Planting cup piece 46a Notch 46b Open/close lever 47 Planting cup piece 47a Roller 47d Locked Part 48 Spring 49 Lock Claw 56 Crank Mechanism 56a Crank 56b Rod 56c Rod Supporting Part 56d Adjusting Member 56e Rod Spring 60 Cam Mechanism 61 Cam Plate 62 Cam Groove 62a Long Groove 62b Locking Groove 63 Cam Follower 64 Releasing Means 65 Shaft 66 Buffer Mechanism 67 Slope 68 pin 69 mounting hole 70 adjusting means F arrow H planting hole L lowest point P seedling U ridge

Claims (2)

The fuselage is equipped with a planting means having a planting cup whose lower part can be opened and closed, and a lifting means for supporting the planting means so that it can move up and down,
The planting means is driven up and down via the up-and-down movement means as the machine body advances, so that when the planting cup rises, the lower part is closed to receive the seedlings. A transplanter configured to descend into the ground in a housed state, open the lower portion to form a planting hole, and release seedlings into the planting hole,
The planting cup is configured such that the lower part opens and closes in conjunction with the reciprocating motion of an opening/closing lever,
The opening/closing lever is transmitted to the opening/closing lever via a cam mechanism configured to transmit the operation when the lifting/lowering means is raised from the lowest point to the opening/closing lever as an operation for opening the lower portion of the planting cup. is connected to the lifting means ,
The transplanting machine , wherein the cam mechanism has release means for releasing transmission to the open/close lever when the elevation movement means rises to a predetermined height . 2. The transplanter according to claim 1 , wherein said cam mechanism has adjusting means for adjusting said predetermined height.

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