JP7193685B2 - Joint member and joint member for shield segment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a joint for joining two members, and more particularly to a joint member and a joint member for a shield segment suitable for joining two members by moving them in a direction parallel to or slightly inclined to the joining surface.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-200001 describes a member mounting structure in which a horizontal plate member is provided with an insertion opening consisting of a large-diameter insertion window and a long window, and a vertical plate member is provided with a protruding portion consisting of a shaft portion and a flange portion. In this mounting structure, after the flange is inserted through the large-diameter insertion window, the vertical plate member is moved in a direction parallel to the joint surface to engage the flange with the long window, thereby connecting the vertical plate member to the horizontal plate member. Install (Paragraph 0017 of Patent Document 1, FIG. 3).

Patent Document 2 describes a baking tool in which a second graphite plate is provided with slide engagement grooves, and a first graphite plate is provided with engagement protrusions that engage with the slide engagement grooves. In this baking tool, the engaging protrusion is inserted from one end of the slide engaging groove, the members are slid in a direction parallel to the joining surface to assemble them in a predetermined position, and the pin is attached so as not to move in the direction of the sliding engaging groove. (0022 to 0024 of Patent Document 2, FIG. 2).

As a method for joining two members, a method using bolts inclined with respect to the joining surface is known. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a method in which one member is formed with an internal thread, the other member is formed with a hole through which a bolt penetrates and a space for fixing a nut, and the two members are joined by a bolt. (Paragraph 0004 of Cited Document 3, FIG. 18).

In Patent Document 4, one member is provided with a female cone, and the other member is provided with a male cone. (Patent Document 4, paragraph 0004, FIG. 6).

JP-A-2000-170722 JP 2016-50705 A JP 2010-236348 A JP 2015-137525 A

In the method described in Patent Literature 1, there is a problem that the shape of the insertion port and the projecting portion is complicated, and the manufacturing is difficult depending on the materials of the members to be joined. Moreover, there is a problem that it cannot be applied when there is no space for moving the member in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface when joining.

In the method described in Patent Document 2, since the slide engagement groove is provided over the entire length of the joint surface, there is a problem that a large space is required for sliding the member.
Moreover, there was a problem that the pin could not be inserted depending on the installation conditions of the member.

In the joint using the inclined bolts described in Patent Document 3, the bolts must be fastened while maintaining the state in which the two members are accurately positioned, so there is a problem that the construction is complicated.

When using the joint that combines the female cone and the male cone described in Patent Document 4, the two members are joined by sliding in the direction of the joint surface while the joint surfaces of the two members are in contact. Therefore, workability is better than when using inclined bolts. However, since parts with different shapes, such as a female cone and a male cone, are required, there is a problem that manufacturing costs and parts management costs increase.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a joint member that is easy to assemble and work, and is inexpensive.

A joint member of the present invention includes a projecting portion projecting from a joint surface of a member to be joined, a receiving portion embedded in the member to be joined, and a receiving portion embedded in the member to be joined to connect the projecting portion and the receiving portion. By combining with another joint member to be paired, the two members to be joined can be connected with the joining surfaces facing each other, and the receiving member The portion has an opening into which the projecting portion of the other joint member can be inserted, and holds the projecting portion of the other joint member so that it does not slip out in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface, and the projecting portion It is inserted into and held in the opening of the receiving portion of the other joint member so as not to come off in the direction perpendicular to the surface, and the receiving portion and/or the connecting portion are provided with anchors . .

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive joint member that is easy to assemble and work.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the shape of the joint member which is 1st Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is a left view, (C) is a right view, (D) is a top view. . It is a figure which shows the shape of the modification of a joint member. It is a figure which shows the shape of the modification of a joint member. (A) to (C) are diagrams showing a joining procedure using a joint member. (A) to (D) are diagrams showing an example of a joining procedure using a joint member when the joining surface is inclined. (A) to (D) are diagrams showing another example of a joining procedure using a joint member when the joining surface is inclined. It is a figure which shows the shape of the joint member which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a front view, (B) is a left view, (C) is a right view, (D) is a top view. . FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a joint member according to a third embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a joint member according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a joint member according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention; It is a figure explaining application to a shield of a joint member. It is a figure explaining application to furniture of a joint member. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the shape of a joint member with an inflow prevention member according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; It is a figure explaining the shape of the joint member with an inflow prevention member fixed to the formwork. (A) and (B) are modifications of the joint member with improved pull-out resistance in the direction perpendicular to the joint surface, and (C) and (D) are joint members with improved pull-out resistance in the direction parallel to the joint surface. It is a figure explaining the modification of. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure showing an example of the joint member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a left side view, (D) is a bottom view, (E). is a right side view. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure showing an example of the joint member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a left side view, (D) is a bottom view, (E). is a right side view. (A) and (B) are diagrams for explaining a modification of the joint member in which pull-out resistance in a direction parallel to the joint surface is improved. It is a figure explaining the modification of the joint member provided with the retaining mechanism by fluid movement, (A) is a figure before joining, (B) is a figure which shows the state after joining.

A joint member 1 that is a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the shape of the joint member 1, (A) is a front view, (B) is a left side view, (C) is a right side view, and (D) is a plan view. In order to simplify the following description, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 1A, the horizontal direction of the paper surface is called the insertion direction, the vertical direction of the paper surface is called the joining direction, and the direction perpendicular to the paper surface is called the depth direction. do.

The joint member 1 is combined with another joint member to constitute a joint for joining the joint surface 101 of the member to be joined 100 and the joint surface of the other member to be joined in contact with each other. Hereinafter, other joint members in the first embodiment will be described on the assumption that they have substantially the same structure as the joint member 1 shown in the drawings.

The joint member 1 includes a protruding portion 10 protruding from a joint surface 101 of a member to be joined 100 in the negative joining direction, a receiving portion 20 embedded in the member to be joined 100, and a protruding portion 10 embedded in the member to be joined 100. and the receiving portion 20 are connected to each other. In this embodiment, the joint member 1 is formed by forging, and the protruding portion 10, the receiving portion 20, and the connecting portion 30 are integrally formed by forging. , three-dimensional modeling, electric discharge machining, bonding by welding, or the like.

The protruding portion 10 protrudes entirely from the joint surface 101 . That is, the joint surface 101 serves as a boundary between the protrusion 10 and the connection portion 30 . As shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding portion 10 when cut along a plane perpendicular to the insertion direction is a trapezoidal shape in which the upper edge 12 is smaller than the lower edge 11. This cross-sectional shape is constant in the insertion direction. End faces 13 and 14 are perpendicular to the direction of insertion. That is, the three-dimensional shape of the projecting portion 10 is a uniaxial wedge shape in which the width in the depth direction gradually decreases from the end face facing the joint surface toward the end face on the joint surface side. The end face 13 and the end face 14 may be inclined with respect to the insertion direction, or may be uneven.

The receiving portion 20 is embedded in the member to be joined 100 so that the position of one of the end faces in the joining direction coincides with the joining surface 101 . The receiving portion 20 has two side walls 21 and a top portion 22, and the end face on the right side in FIG. It's becoming A space defined by the two side surfaces 21, the top portion 22, the opening 23, and the end surface 24a facing the opening 23 is an accommodating portion 24 for accommodating the projecting portion of another joint member inserted through the opening 23. It has become. The cross-sectional shape of the accommodating portion 24 taken along a plane perpendicular to the insertion direction has the width of the upper edge 23a equal to the width of the lower edge 11 of the projecting portion 10, and the width of the lower edge 23b equal to the width of the upper edge 12 of the projecting portion 10. and the cross-sectional shape is constant in the direction of insertion. Moreover, the length of the accommodating portion 24 in the insertion direction is approximately equal to the length of the projecting portion 10 in the same direction. That is, the shape of the accommodating portion 24 is substantially the same as the shape of the projecting portion of the other joint member, and the accommodating portion 24 can completely accommodate the projecting portion of the other joint member. The position of one of the end surfaces of the receiving portion 20 in the joining direction may not coincide with the joining surface 101 .

When a tensile force acts on the joint surface while the protruding portion of another joint member is inserted into the receiving portion 20, the protruding portion of the other joint member spreads the two side plates 21 and tries to escape. However, since the side plate 21 is supported by the end surface 24a of the accommodating portion 24 and the top portion 22 in addition to its own rigidity and is restrained by the connected member 100, it cannot be pulled out. Of course, in addition to the method of increasing the strength of the side plate 21 by increasing its thickness, reinforcing means such as ribs and flanges may be provided on the outer side of the side plate 21 to prevent the side plate 21 from being pushed apart from the inside. It may be configured to

The connecting portion 30 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped member embedded in the joined member 100, but is of course not limited to this. The receiving portion 20 is connected to one end surface 31 of the connection portion 30 in the insertion direction, and the projecting portion 10 is connected to one end surface 32 in the joining direction. The positions of the end surface 14 of the projecting portion 10 and the end surface 24 a of the accommodating portion 24 in the insertion direction are aligned with the end surface 31 of the connecting portion 30 . In this example, the shape of the connecting portion 30 is a rectangular parallelepiped for ease of manufacture. Any other shape may be used as long as it can withstand the load when it is pressed by the projecting portion.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a modification of the first embodiment, in which the shape of the projecting portion 10 and the accommodating portion 23 is a shape other than a uniaxial wedge shape. The cross-sectional shape of the protruding portion 10 is a shape having a stepped portion 15 , and the cross-sectional shape of the accommodating portion 24 is the same shape as the protruding portion 10 . Since the stepped portion of the projecting portion of the other joint member and the stepped portion 26 of the housing portion 24 are engaged with each other, the receiving portion 20 can hold the projecting portion of the other joint member so that it does not slip out of the joint surface in the joining direction. can. The shape of the receiving part 20 can also be different from that shown in FIGS. Moreover, as long as this condition is satisfied, the shape of the projecting portion of the other joint member and the housing portion 24 may not be the same.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another modification of the first embodiment. The shape of the projecting portion 10 and the connecting portion 30 of the joint member 1 are the same as those shown in FIG. there is This is intended to save material by omitting the portion 28a that does not contribute much to the strength of the side wall 27 because it is away from the top portion 22 that supports the side wall 27 and the connection portion 30 . In this way, the opening may be inclined with respect to the joint surface, and the shape of the accommodating portion 24 may be such that the projecting portion 10 is not completely accommodated. Conversely, the projecting portion 10 may be made smaller than the accommodating portion 24 so that a space remains in the accommodating portion 24 .

Various materials can be used for the joint member 1 depending on the desired strength, manufacturing cost, environmental conditions in which the member to be connected 100 is used, and the like. , wood, paper, glass, ceramics, rubber, or a composite material thereof, and by an appropriate manufacturing method.

From the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, it is desirable that the other joint member has the same shape as the joint member 1. The receiving portion of the member has an opening into which the protruding portion 10 of the joint member 1 can be inserted from a direction substantially parallel to the joint surface, and a shape capable of holding the inserted protruding portion 10 from the joint surface in the joining direction. The shape may be different as long as it is provided with an accommodating portion. In addition, other joint members and the joint member 1 may be made of different materials.

Next, a method of joining members using the joint member 1 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, it is assumed that the member to be joined 100b is joined to the member to be joined 100a which is an existing member. A joint member 1a having the same shape as the joint member 1 in FIG. 1 is fixed to the member to be connected 100a, and a joint member 1b having the same shape as the joint member 1 in FIG. 1 is fixed to the member to be connected 100b. The projecting portion 10a of the joint member 1a projects from the joint surface 101a, and the projecting portion 10b of the joint member 1b projects from the joint surface 101b.

A space 102a is provided at a position adjacent to the joint member 1a of the joined member 100a in the insertion direction, and a space 102b is provided at a position adjacent to the joint member 1b of the joined member 100b in the insertion direction. These spaces 102a and 102b can accommodate the projecting portions 10b and 10a, and are shaped so that the projecting portions 10b and 10a can be inserted from the bonding surfaces 101a and 101b in the bonding direction.

First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the member to be joined 100b is placed so that the joining surface 101b faces the portion to be joined 101a, and the protruding portion 10b and the space 102a are aligned in the insertion direction. Place it in the vicinity.

From this state, the member to be joined 100b is moved in the direction of the member to be joined 100a as indicated by arrow A in FIG. state. The projecting portion 10a is housed in the space 102b, and the projecting portion 10b is housed in the space 102a.

Next, while the joint surfaces 101a and 101b are in contact with each other, the member 100b to be joined is moved in the direction of arrow B in FIG. The projecting portion 10a is accommodated in the receiving portion 20a and the receiving portion 20b. As described above, the receiving portion 20a (20b) has a shape capable of holding the projecting portion 10b (10a) so as not to come off in the joining direction. 7 can be configured.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of joining members by the joint member 1 when the joining surface is slightly inclined with respect to the insertion direction. In FIG. 5, it is assumed that the member to be joined 100e is fitted between the existing members to be joined 100c and 100d. The joint surfaces 103c, 103d, and 103e of the members to be joined are inclined at an angle α with respect to the insertion direction. A specific example is the step of joining the last segment to the group of segments already joined in the circumferential direction to complete the ring member when forming the ring member used in the shield construction method.

A joint member 1c is fixed to the connected member 100c, a joint member 1d is fixed to the connected member 100d, and two joint members 1e are fixed to the connected member 100e. The shapes of the joint members 1c, 1d and 1e are basically the same as the shape of the joint member 1 shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 5B, end surfaces 29c, 29d, and 29e of the housing portions 20c, 20d, and 20e on the joint surface side are inclined according to the inclination α of the joint surface with respect to the insertion direction.

Since the shape of the gap between the member to be connected 100c and the member to be joined 100d is such that the member to be joined 100e can be just fitted, the member to be joined 100e can only be slightly moved in the joining direction. Therefore, first, the member to be joined 100e is shifted in the depth direction with respect to the members to be joined 100c and 100d so that the two protruding portions 10e and the spaces 102c and 102d are aligned in the insertion direction. Next, the member to be joined 100e is moved in the depth direction so that the protruding portion 10e is housed in the spaces 102c and 102d, resulting in the state shown in FIG. 5(A). Since it is necessary to move the member to be joined 100e in the depth direction, the spaces 102c, 102d, and 102e are open in the direction in which the member to be joined 100e is inserted as shown in FIG. 5(D). There is a need.

Next, the member to be joined 100e is moved in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 5A to the state shown in FIG. 5C. The projecting portion 10e is housed in the receiving portions 20c and 20d, and the projecting portions 10c and 10d are housed in the two receiving portions 20e, respectively, so that the joint 8 is constructed.

FIGS. 6A to 6D are diagrams for explaining another example of the method of joining members by the joint member 1 when the joining surface is slightly inclined with respect to the insertion direction. Since the method is basically the same as the method shown in FIG. 5, the same components as in FIG. 5 are assigned the same reference numerals as in FIG. 5, and the description thereof is omitted.

In the example of FIG. 5, the spaces 102c, 102d, and 102e have trapezoidal shapes slightly larger than the projecting portions 10c, 10d, and 10e of the joint member. It has a triangular shape that is long in the insertion direction. As a result, the member 100e to be welded can be placed at the position shown in FIG. 6(A), and moved in the direction of arrow D in the same manner as in the example of FIG. 4 to move the joint 8 as shown in FIG. Can be configured. The end faces of the side walls 20c, 20e and 20d are inclined to match the inclination α of the member as shown in FIG. 6(B).

In the example of FIG. 6, since it is not necessary to move the members to be joined 100e in the depth direction, the degree of freedom in arranging the members to be joined is greater than in the example of FIG. Moreover, since the spaces 105c, 105d, and 105e can be shaped like grooves that are not open in the depth direction as shown in FIG. not appear on the surface.

According to the joint member 1, the receiving portion 20 accommodates the opening 23 into which the projecting portion of the other joint member can be inserted, and accommodates the inserted projecting portion of the other joint member so as to prevent it from escaping from the joint surface in the joining direction. It has a receiving part 20 that can be held. Therefore, the two members to be joined can be easily joined simply by bringing the joining surfaces of the two members to be joined into contact and relatively moving the two members to be joined in the insertion direction.

The joint member 1 includes a connecting portion 30 that connects the protruding portion 10 and the receiving portion 20, and is configured as an integral component. Therefore, it can be easily attached to the connected member 100 .

According to the joint member 1, the protruding portion 10 is also inserted into the receiving portion of another joint member and held so as not to come off from the joint surface, and two engaging portions are formed. Therefore, a strong joint can be formed.

According to the joint member 1, the projecting portion 10 and the connecting portion 30 are arranged across the joint surface. Thus, a joint constructed like the joint member 1 can resist not only tensile forces along the joining direction, but also shear forces on the joining surfaces.

A joint member 2 that is a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 7A and 7B are diagrams illustrating the shape of the joint member 2, in which (A) is a front view, (B) is a left side view, (C) is a right side view, and (D) is a plan view. The joint member 2 is similar to the joint member 1 of the first embodiment in that it has a projecting portion, a receiving portion, and a connecting portion, and is combined with other joint members to form a joint, but the shape of each portion is different. there is In the following description, other joint members are assumed to have substantially the same shape as the joint member 2 shown in the drawings.

The joint member 2 includes a projecting portion 40 projecting from the joint surface 101 of the member to be joined 100, a receiving portion 50 embedded in the member to be joined 100, and the projecting portion 40 and the receiving portion 50 embedded in the member to be joined 100 are connected. It has a connecting portion 60 for connecting.

The projecting portion 40 projects entirely from the joint surface 101 . That is, the joint surface 101 serves as a boundary between the protrusion 40 and the connection portion 60 . As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the cross-sectional shape of the protruding portion 40 when cut along a plane perpendicular to the insertion direction has a width of b1 on the joint surface side at the end surface 43 and a width of b1 facing the joint surface. Assuming that the width of the side is b2, the magnitude relationship between these is a trapezoid that satisfies the following inequality (1).
b2>b1 inequality (1)
The cross-sectional shape of the projecting portion 40 when cut along a plane perpendicular to the insertion direction is such that, at the end face 44, the width on the joint surface side is b3, and the width on the side facing the joint surface is b4. It is a trapezoid that satisfies the following inequality (2).
b4>b3 inequality (2)
Also, regarding the insertion direction, there is a size relationship of b1<b3 and b2<b4. That is, the three-dimensional shape of the projecting portion 40 has a biaxial wedge-shaped structure in which the width in the joining direction gradually decreases in the depth direction and also in the insertion direction.

The receiving portion 50 is completely embedded in the member to be joined 100 so that the position of one of the end faces in the joining direction coincides with the joining surface 101 . The receiving portion 50 has two side walls 51 and a top portion 52, and the end face on the right side in FIG. It's becoming A space inside the two side surfaces 51 , the top portion 52 , and the end surface 54 a facing the opening 53 serves as an accommodating portion 54 that accommodates the projecting portion of another joint member inserted from the opening 53 . The shape of the accommodating portion 54 is substantially the same as the shape of the protruding portion of the other joint member, but the accommodating portion 54 is slightly deeper in the insertion direction, and the width of the end surface 54a is greater than the width of the end surface 43 of the protruding portion 40. narrow. The accommodation portion 24 completely accommodates the projecting portion of the other joint member.

By forming the protrusion 40 into a biaxial wedge shape, the end surface of the protrusion 40 is brought into contact with the end surface of the connecting portion 60 with certainty, thereby enabling three-dimensional positioning. Therefore, according to the joint member 2, in addition to the effect of the joint member 1, the effect of being able to resist the load in the insertion direction to some extent can be obtained.

The connecting portion 60 is completely embedded in the member to be joined 100 . The receiving portion 20 is connected to one end surface 31 of the connection portion 60 in the insertion direction, and the projecting portion 10 is connected to one end surface 32 in the joining direction. The positions of the end surface 44 of the protruding portion 40 and the accommodating portion 54 in the insertion direction are aligned with the end surface 61 of the connecting portion 60 . A tapered portion 63 is provided in the vicinity of the end face 61 of the connecting portion 50 so that the depth dimension on the end face 64 side is smaller than the depth dimension on the end face 61 side. This is because, as in the first embodiment, the connection portion 60 connects the projecting portion 40 and the receiving portion 50 in the positional relationship described above, and when pressed by the projecting portion of another joint member at the time of joining, Since it is sufficient to be able to withstand the load of , the shape is such that it is easy to process by forging while making it a shape that does not waste materials. Therefore, the shape of the connecting portion 60 can be different from that shown in FIG.

As with the joint member 1 of the first embodiment, various materials can be used for the joint member 2 depending on the desired strength, manufacturing cost, environmental conditions in which the member to be connected 100 is used, and the like. In addition to metal, it can be formed by an appropriate manufacturing method using an appropriate material such as synthetic resin, wood, paper, glass, ceramics, rubber, or a composite material thereof.

Further, as in the case of the first embodiment, the shape and material of the joint member 2 and other joint members are preferably the same from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, but they may be made different in shape and material. Further, the shape of the accommodating portion 54 and the projecting portion of the other joint member may not be the same. The joining of the members to be connected by the joint member 6 can be performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIGS.

Next, a joint member 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The joint member 3 is an application example of the present invention when the member to be connected 100 is a member manufactured by solidifying a fluid such as a member made of concrete. The joint member 3 includes a body 3a having the same shape as the joint member 1 of the first embodiment (including its modification) or the joint member 2 of the second embodiment (including its modification). An anchor 70 is fixed to each of the end face 3b of the main body 3a facing the connecting face of the receiving portion and the end face 3c facing the connecting face of the connecting portion. As the anchor 70, for example, a deformed reinforcing bar or the like having an appropriate shape such as a linear shape, a U shape, or an L shape can be used. The length and diameter of the anchor 70 are set so that it does not come loose. The anchor 70 may be fixed by welding, or may be screwed by providing a threaded portion. Even in the case of materials other than concrete, if the pull-out resistance in the joining direction is insufficient only by attaching the joint member to the material, it is preferable to provide an anchor.

Next, a joint member 4 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The joint member 4 is another application example of the present invention when the member to be connected 100 is a member manufactured by solidifying a fluid such as a member made of concrete. This joint member 4 comprises a body 4a and an anchor 70 similar to the joint member 3 of FIG. The joint member 4 further has a substantially U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped shape when viewed from the insertion direction, and includes two outer periphery reinforcing members 71 arranged on the outer periphery of the main body 4a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the joint surface. . The outer circumference reinforcing member 71 is protruding in the direction normal to the outer surface of the main body 4a having a horseshoe-shaped structure, and may be formed integrally with the main body 4a, or may be provided separately by welding, bonding, or fitting. Also good. The height, width, and shape of the outer peripheral reinforcing portion 71 are not particularly limited as long as they can sufficiently reinforce the main body 4a according to the required level. In FIG. 9, the position of the outer circumference reinforcing member 71 in the insertion direction matches the position of the anchor 70, but it does not necessarily have to match, and the number of them may be one or three or more. Moreover, even when the anchor 70 is not provided, the outer circumference reinforcing member 71 may be provided. By providing the outer peripheral portion reinforcing member 71, it is possible to prevent the housing portion from being deformed so as to open and improve the tensile strength of the joint in the joining direction. In addition, according to the outer circumference reinforcing member 71, it is possible to exhibit a resistance to an external force acting on the joint member 4 in the fitting direction during fitting.

Next, a joint member 5 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The joint member 5 is another application example of the present invention when the connected member 100 is a member manufactured by solidifying a fluid such as a concrete member. The joint member 5 includes a main body 5a, an anchor 70, and an outer peripheral reinforcing member 71 similar to the joint member 4 of FIG. The joint member 5 further includes a plate-shaped joint surface reinforcing member 72 arranged on the joint surface side end surface of the main body 5a and parallel to the joint surface. By arranging the joint surface reinforcing member 72 near the joint surface, the rigidity of the joint surface can be increased.

FIG. 11 shows an example in which joint members 1 to 5 of the present invention are applied to a shield construction method for constructing a tunnel in the ground. In the shield construction method, segments 81 and 82 previously manufactured in a factory or the like are joined in the circumferential direction to manufacture a ring 83 , and the rings 83 are sequentially connected in the axial direction to construct a tunnel 80 . Segment 82 is the last segment to be joined, and the joining surface is slightly inclined with respect to the axial direction of the tunnel. The present invention can be suitably applied to the segment's circumferential joints 84, 85 symbolically shown in FIG. 11 by short straight lines.

FIG. 12 shows an example in which joint members 1 and 2 of the present invention are applied to a wooden bookshelf. The bookshelf 90 has a structure in which one top plate 92 and a plurality of shelf plates 93 are arranged between two side plates 91 arranged in the vertical direction. The present invention can be suitably applied to joints 94 between the side plate 91 and the top plate 92 and joints 95 between the side plate 91 and the shelf plate 93, which are symbolically indicated by short straight lines in FIG. As a method of fixing the joint members 1 and 2 to a member such as wood, for example, a space is formed to accommodate the receiving portion and the connecting portion, and the joint members 1 and 2 are press-fitted into the space or fixed with an adhesive or the like. . When the joint members 1 and 2 are press-fitted, a blind nut may be formed in the receiving portion and the insertion portion. According to the joint members 1 and 2, the integrally formed projecting portion and connecting portion are arranged across the side plate 91 and the top plate 92 and between the side plate 91 and the shelf plate 93 . Therefore, the joint formed by the joint members 1 and 2 has a remarkably high strength against shearing force in the vertical direction in FIG. The direction in which the top plate 92 and the shelf plate 93 are inserted between the two side plates 91 can be the direction perpendicular to the paper surface or the vertical direction of the paper surface. It is preferable because the top plate 92 and the shelf plate 93 do not come off at times.

Next, a joint member 6, which is a sixth embodiment of the present invention, will be described. The joint member 6 is a preferred embodiment when the members to be joined are made by injecting a fluid material (for example, concrete or synthetic resin) into a mold and hardening it. 13 is a perspective view of the joint member 6, and FIG. 14 is a plan view of the joint member 6 placed on the mold 120. As shown in FIG. In FIGS. 13 and 14, it is assumed that the formwork is prepared so that the joint surface 101 of the member to be joined 100 faces upward.

The joint member 6 of the joined member 100 includes a main body 6a and an anchor 70 similar to the modification of the joint member 1 shown in FIG. The joint member 6a is fixed to the mold so that the boundary between the projecting portion 6b and the connecting portion 6d is aligned with the joint surface. The fluid material flows into the space to be formed, and the accommodation portion 6e cannot be formed. Therefore, the joint member 6 has an inflow prevention member 110 . The inflow preventing member 110 has a side wall 111 along the outer periphery of the space 102 necessary for joining with the accommodating portion 6e, and a bottom plate 112 connected to the lower end of the side wall 111. As shown in FIG. A loop-shaped grip portion 113 is provided at the upper end of the side wall portion 111, although this is not essential. He is trying for the upper end of the side wall part 111 to protrude a little from a joint surface (placement surface).

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the inflow preventing member 110 is installed so that the side wall portion 111 and the bottom surface 112 are in contact with the inner surface of the accommodating portion 6e, and the fluid material is injected into the mold 120. As shown in FIGS. The flowable material is blocked by the inflow preventing member 110 and cannot flow into the space 102 and the accommodating portion 6e.
After the fluid material has hardened, the holding portion 113 is lifted upward in FIG. 13 and the inflow prevention member 110 is removed to form the space 102 and the accommodation portion. To facilitate this removal, the side wall 111 and the bottom plate 112 are preferably made of a fluid material and a material that does not adhere easily.

The gripping portion 113 may have a shape different from that shown in the drawing, and the attachment position may also differ from that shown, as long as the shape facilitates removal of the inflow prevention member 110 after the fluid material has hardened. Also, the grip portion 113 can be omitted.

The inflow prevention member 110 may be a box-shaped member with an open top as shown in FIGS.
In that case, the material can be expanded polystyrene, for example. Also in this case, a grip portion may be provided.

The constituent elements of the first to sixth embodiments described above can be implemented in combination with each other as long as there is no contradiction. In addition, the material and shape of the member to be joined to which the joint member of each embodiment is applied is not limited, and it can be applied to any member as long as the joining surfaces are brought into contact with each other to be joined. . Examples of materials that can be used include concrete, metal, synthetic resin, and wood. As for the shape of the member to be connected, for example, it can be applied to the joining of members of the same type, such as plate-like, columnar, block-like, or different types of members. In addition to the shield segments and bookshelves exemplified above, general precast concrete members (precast concrete members), general furniture, building materials for civil engineering and/or construction and construction including housing frame materials, various machines, etc. can be applied to any article of

Next, various modifications of the joint members of the first to sixth embodiments will be described. These modifications can be implemented in combination with each other as long as there is no contradiction. Since the basic structure of the joint member is the same as that of the joint member 1 of the first embodiment, the same components as those of the joint member 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIG.

FIG. 15A is a diagram illustrating a modification in which the tensile strength in the joining direction is improved. The joint member 1a is inclined such that the end surface 131 of the housing portion 24 is inclined with respect to the joining surface so that the top portion 22 side enters the connecting portion 30 direction. The end face 132 of the protrusion 10 is also inclined in a direction parallel to the end face 131 . Therefore, in addition to engagement between the side wall 21 (see FIG. 1) of the receiving portion 20 and the side surface of the protruding portion of the other joint member, the end faces 131 and 132 are also engaged, and the tensile strength (pull-out strength) of the joint in the joining direction strength and indentation strength) are improved.

FIG. 15B is a diagram illustrating another modification in which the tensile strength in the joining direction is improved. An end surface 143 of the accommodating portion 24 of the joint member 1b is provided with a rectangular parallelepiped concave portion 141. As shown in FIG. A protrusion 142 having substantially the same shape as the recess 144 is provided on the end surface 144 of the protrusion 10 . Therefore, in addition to engagement between the side wall 21 (see FIG. 1) of the receiving portion 20 and the side surface of the projecting portion of the other joint member, the concave portion 141 and the convex portion 142 of the other joint member are engaged, thereby joining the joint. Directional tensile strength (pull-out strength) is improved. Note that the position and shape may be different from those shown in FIG.

FIG. 15(C) is a diagram illustrating a modification in which the tensile strength in the insertion direction is improved. A triangular concave portion 151 having a stepped portion 152 is provided in the top portion 22 of the accommodating portion 24 of the joint member 1c. On the end surface of the projecting portion 10 that abuts on the top portion 22 of another joint member, projecting portions 153 having the same shape as the recessed portions 151 (not essential) and having stepped portions 154 are provided in substantially the same number as the recessed portions 151 . Therefore, the stepped portion 152 and the stepped portion 154 are engaged with each other, and the tensile strength (pull-out strength) of the joint in the insertion direction is improved. The number, size, shape, and the like of the protrusions 153 and the recesses 151 can be appropriately set according to various requests.

FIG. 15D is a diagram illustrating another modification in which the tensile strength in the joining direction is improved. A wave-like unevenness 161 is provided on the top portion 22 of the accommodating portion 24 of the joint member 1d. An end surface of the projecting portion 10 that contacts the top portion 22 of another joint member is provided with an unevenness 162 having a shape symmetrical (not essential) with the unevenness 161 . Therefore, the unevenness 161 and the unevenness 162 are engaged with each other, and the tensile strength (pull-out strength and push-in strength) of the joint in the insertion direction is improved. The number, size, shape, etc. of the unevennesses 161 and 162 can be appropriately set according to various requests.

16A and 16B are views showing an example of a joint member according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a left side view, and (D) is a bottom view. , (E) is a right side view. A joint member 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, for example, inner surfaces of opposing side walls 221a and 221b of a receiving portion 224, and inserted into the receiving portion 224, as shown in FIGS. Engagement portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b engage with the side surfaces 211a and 211b on the depth direction side of the protruding portion 210 of the other joint member so as to prevent the other joint member from slipping out in the joining direction and/or the insertion direction. have In addition, in the joint member according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessary to have engaging portions on both opposing surfaces, and an engaging portion may be formed on one of the inner surfaces of the receiving portion 224. , the engaging portions may be formed on a plurality of surfaces that do not face each other.

The engaging portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b are, for example, rectangular parallelepiped, triangular, or arc-shaped (of course, the shape is not limited to these shapes) as described with reference to FIGS. The engaging portions 271a and 271b on the side of the receiving portion 224 and the engaging portions 271a and 271b on the side of the projecting portion 210 of the other joint member. Mating portions 272 a , 272 b can be designed to engage when projection 210 of another coupling member is inserted into receiving portion 224 .

16(B) and 16(D), the engaging portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b are such that the inserting direction of the projecting portion 210 of the other joint member with respect to the receiving portion 224 is such that the connecting surface 201 You may form so that it may incline. By forming the engaging portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b so as to be inclined with respect to the joint surface 201, the tensile strength (pull-out strength) of the joint in both the insertion direction and the joint direction can be improved. can. Of course, a mode in which the engaging portion is formed parallel to the insertion direction is not excluded.

Also, the engagement portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b may be formed so that the width of the inner surface of the opposing side wall of the receiving portion 224 gradually decreases in the insertion direction of the other joint member. That is, the engaging portions 271a, 271b, 272a, and 272b are arranged so that (the width w1 of the opening portion side)>(the width w2 of the end surface on the far side in the insertion direction) of the engaging portions 271a, 271b on the receiving portion 224 side. may be formed. For example, the edge of the engaging portion may be tapered. For example, the tapered shape is formed so that the width between the engaging portions 272a and 272b on the protruding portion 210 side narrows from the opening side in the direction of insertion into the receiving portion 224 toward the end face on the far side. However, the engaging portions 271a and 271b on the receiving portion side can be formed to engage with the engaging portions 272a and 272b on the projecting portion 210 side. By doing so, the edge of one of the engaging portions can be brought into contact with the edge of the other engaging portion to enable three-dimensional positioning, and the load in the insertion direction can also be resisted to some extent. You can get the effect that you can. Of course, for example, as described in the above-described second embodiment, portions other than the engaging portion may also have the same structure.

In addition, the protruding portion 210 may have a neck portion 274 having parallel side surfaces 273a and 273b and having a minimum width at least partially in the joining direction. By providing the neck portion 274 with parallel side surfaces 273a, 273b, it is possible to prevent the receiving portion 224 from spreading outwardly against loads in the joining direction. In addition to this, the corners of the receiving portion 224 where stress tends to concentrate may be chamfered for rounding or chamfering at an angle.

17A and 17B are views showing an example of a joint member according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a left side view, and (D) is a bottom view. , (E) is a right side view. As shown in FIGS. 17A to 17E, a joint part 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of engaging portions 371 and 372 (a ₁ , a ₂ , . . . , a _n , b ₁ , b ₂ , . . . , b _n ). By forming a plurality of engaging portions, when the protruding portion 310 of another joint component is inserted into the receiving portion 324, each engaging portion 371, ₃₇₂ (a ₁ , a ₂ , . , _{b 1} , b ₂ , . size can be set. The plurality of engaging portions may be formed continuously as shown in FIG. 17(A), or may be formed at intervals. Also, the shape of each engaging portion may be the same and/or similar, or may be partially different. Of course, the corresponding engaging portions (for example, the engaging portion 371a _i on the receiving portion 324 side and the corresponding engaging portion 372a _i (i=1, 2, . . . , n) on the protruding portion 310 side) are engaged. possible shape.

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 17, as in the example of FIG. Alternatively, each engaging portion may be formed so that the width of the inner surface of the opposing side walls 321a and 321b of the receiving portion 324 gradually decreases in the direction of insertion of the other joint member. Also good.

A joint member according to an embodiment of the present invention may be manufactured by integral molding, or may be manufactured by connecting and/or integrating a plurality of component members that are divided and molded. For example, the joint member may be manufactured by dividing the joint member into two parts along the center line in the depth direction and forming the respective members to form a connectable structure. In this way, for example, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, even a structure having an engaging portion on the inner surface of the receiving portion can be formed relatively easily. Alternatively, each or any of the projecting portion, the connecting portion, and the receiving portion may be splittable. Of course, the locations and number of divisions are not limited to these examples. However, it is desirable that the joint member be divided so as not to affect the tensile strength (pull-out strength) in the insertion direction and/or the joining direction. Also, the means for connecting the constituent members is not particularly limited, and can be performed by welding, adhesion, fastening, or a combination thereof. As for fastening, the screw hole may or may not penetrate.

FIGS. 18A and 18B are diagrams illustrating another modification in which the tensile strength in the joining direction is improved. As shown in FIG. 18A, the length L1 of the accommodating portion 24 of the joint member 1e in the insertion direction is slightly longer than the length L2 of the protrusion 10 in the insertion direction. FIG. 18B shows a state in which the projecting portion 10 of another joint member is inserted into the accommodating portion 24, and the width b5 of the end surface 171 of the accommodating portion 24 is slightly smaller than the width b6 of the end surface 172 of the projecting portion 10. It's becoming In FIG. 18(B), a slight gap is provided for ease of viewing, but in reality, the corner portion 174 of the end surface 172 of the projecting portion 10 surely abuts the side surface 173 of the receiving portion and bites into the side wall 21. It's becoming Therefore, the engagement between the corner portion 174 and the side wall 21 improves the tensile strength (pull-out strength) of the joint in the insertion direction.

FIGS. 19A and 19B are diagrams for explaining a modification having a retaining mechanism. As shown in FIG. 19A, a container 181 is provided in the container 24 of the joint member 1g, and the container 181 contains a fluid 182 therein. In addition, the projecting portion 10 and the connecting portion 20 are also provided with a channel 183, one end of which opens to the end surface 184 of the housing portion 24 and the other end of which opens to the end surface 185 of the projecting portion 10 to communicate the housing portion 24 and the space 102b. It is

As shown in FIG. 19B, when the projecting portion 10 of another joint member 1g is inserted into the accommodating portion 24 of the joint member 1f, the container 181 is destroyed and the fluid 182 is pushed out by the projecting portion 10 and passes through the flow path 183. It flows out into the space 102a. Here, the fluid 182 is solidified when it flows out of the container 181, and the space 102a is filled with the solidified fluid 182. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the protruding portion 10 is restrained by the solidified fluid 182 and is prevented from being pulled out in the insertion direction. In addition, the channel 183 is one or more holes, hole-shaped and/or groove-shaped, and is a space in which the fluid 182 was initially arranged when the joint member 1f is inserted, that is, a storage space here. It is sufficient that the fluid 182 moves from the portion 24 to the space 102a through the channel 183, and the position and shape of the storage portion, the presence and form of the container 181 that stores the fluid 182, the shape of the channel 183, etc. It can be set as appropriate. For example, by providing a channel so as to communicate with both the front surface and the back surface of the projecting portion 10 in the insertion direction, the fluid 182 moves from the initial position to the post-fitting position through the channel when fitting the joint members. can be configured as

Fluids that solidify when they flow out include, for example, those that solidify when two types of fluids are mixed together, such as a two-liquid adhesive (in this case, the container 181 is provided with a partition (not shown) so that it can be destroyed). two liquids are prevented from mixing up to) and a fluid that solidifies when exposed to air. In addition, since the volume of the space 102a may be larger than the volume of the containing portion 24, it is preferable that the fluid 182 expands or foams when solidified to increase its volume.

As described above, the essence of the present invention is a joint member that is disposed on each member to be joined and can join the members to be joined together, and the joint member includes a fitting portion and a fitting portion. a receiving portion, a receiving portion disposed on a member to be connected, and a coupling portion for holding the fitting portion, the fitting receiving portion, and the receiving portion integrally or integrally; The fitting receiving portion can be fitted with the fitting portion of another joint member forming a pair, and the fitting receiving portion can be fitted with the fitting portion of another joint member forming a pair, and the joint member is paired with the joint member By displacing it in a direction different from the mutual joining direction, it can be fitted to other joint members that are joined together, and in the fitted state, the joint members are prevented from separating in the joining direction. It is characterized by being configured as follows. It should be noted that the fitting portion and the fitting receiving portion here can be read as, for example, the projecting portion and the receiving portion described above.

Further, another embodiment of the present invention comprises a pair of joint members as described above, one joint member being arranged on one member to be joined and the other joint member being arranged on one member to be joined. The fitting portion of the joint member can be fitted with the fitting receiving portion of the paired joint member, and the fitting receiving portion can be fitted with the fitting portion of the other paired joint member. It is a joint structure characterized by being

1 to 6 joint member 7,8 joint 10,40 protrusion 20,50 receiving portion 23,53 opening 24,54 accommodation portion 70 anchor 71 outer periphery reinforcing member 72 joint surface reinforcing member 100 Member to be joined 101 Joining surface 110 Inflow preventing member 181 Container 182 Fluid 183 Flow path

Claims (29)

a protruding portion protruding from the joint surface of the member to be joined;
a receiving portion embedded in the member to be joined;
A joint member that is embedded in the member to be joined and includes a connecting portion that connects the projecting portion and the receiving portion,
By combining with another joint member that forms a pair, the two members to be joined can be connected with their joining surfaces facing each other,
The receiving portion has an opening into which the projecting portion of the other joint member can be inserted, and holds the projecting portion of the other joint member so that it does not slip out in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface,
the protruding portion is inserted into and held in the opening of the receiving portion of the other joint member so as not to come off in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface;
A joint member, wherein the receiving portion and/or the connecting portion is provided with an anchor. 2. The joint member according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the protrusion is the same as the shape of the protrusion of the other joint member. 3. The joint member according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the receiving portion is the same as the shape of the receiving portion of the other joint member. The joint member according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the joint member is the same as the shape of the other joint member. 5. The projection according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the width in the depth direction of the protruding portion gradually decreases from the end surface facing the joint surface toward the end surface on the joint surface side. Coupling member as described. 6. The joint member according to claim 5, wherein the width of the projecting portion in the depth direction gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting portion side toward the receiving portion side. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the receiving portion completely accommodates the projecting portion of the other joint member. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the receiving portion accommodates a part of the projecting portion of the other joint member. the joint surface is inclined with respect to the direction in which the projecting portion of the other joint member is inserted into the receiving portion;
The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an end face of the receiving portion on the joint surface side is parallel to the joint surface. The member to be joined is mainly composed of a hardened fluid,
The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising an inflow prevention member that prevents the uncured fluid from flowing into the receiving portion. 11. The joint member according to claim 10, wherein the inflow prevention member has a grip for pulling out the inflow prevention member. 12. The joint member according to claim 10, wherein the inflow prevention member is a box-shaped member with an open joint surface side. The joint member according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the inflow prevention member is a block-shaped member. 14. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a plate-shaped outer periphery reinforcing member is provided on an outer surface of the receiving portion and/or the connecting portion. 15. A plate-shaped joint surface reinforcing member parallel to the joint surface is provided on an end surface of the receiving portion and the connecting portion on the joint surface side. The joint member described in the paragraph. the receiving portion has an end face on the connecting portion side that engages with the protruding portion of the other joint member;
2. An end surface of the projecting portion on a front end side in a direction in which it is inserted into the receiving portion of the other joint member is engaged with the receiving portion of the other joint member in a joining direction. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 15. a surface of the receiving portion facing the joint surface is engaged with the protruding portion of the other joint member;
17. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein an end surface of the projecting portion in the joining direction engages with a receiving portion of the other joint member. The receiving portion has a side wall with a first engaging portion that can engage with the side surface of the projecting portion of the other joint member,
18. The projecting portion according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the projecting portion has a second engaging portion on its side surface that can engage with the inner side surface of the receiving portion of the other joint member. joint member. The joint member according to claim 18, wherein the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are formed so as to be inclined with respect to the joint surface. The first engaging portion is formed such that the width of the inner surface of the opposing side wall of the receiving portion gradually decreases from the opening of the receiving portion toward the end face facing the opening. The joint member according to claim 18 or 19, wherein 21. The projection according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the protrusion has a pair of side surfaces and a neck portion with a minimum distance between the side surfaces, at least partially in the joining direction. The joint member described in . The joint member according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein a plurality of said first engaging portions and said second engaging portions are formed. The insertion direction dimension of the receiving portion is larger than the insertion direction dimension of the projecting portion of the other joint member inserted into the receiving portion,
The dimension in the depth direction of the end face of the inner surface of the receiving portion on the side of the connecting portion is smaller than the dimension in the depth direction of the end face on the far side in the insertion direction of the projecting portion of the other joint member inserted into the receiving portion. The joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized by: The member to be connected is provided with a space for temporarily accommodating the projecting portion during connection work,
The receiving part is provided with a container for containing a fluid,
A flow path communicating between the receiving portion and the space is provided in the connecting portion and the projecting portion,
24. The container according to any one of claims 1 to 23, wherein when the projecting portion of the other joint member is inserted into the receiving portion, the container is broken and the fluid flows out into the space and solidifies. The joint member according to item 1. a protruding portion protruding from the joining surface of the concrete precast member to be joined;
a receiving portion embedded in the precast member to be joined;
A joint member for a shield segment, which is embedded in the precast member to be joined and includes a connecting portion that connects the projecting portion and the receiving portion,
By combining with another joint member to be paired, the two precast members to be joined can be connected with the joint surfaces facing each other,
The receiving portion has an opening into which the projecting portion of the other joint member can be inserted, and holds the projecting portion of the other joint member so that it does not slip out in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface,
the protruding portion is inserted into and held in the opening of the receiving portion of the other joint member so as not to come off in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface;
The receiving portion has a side wall having a first engaging portion that can engage with the side surface of the projecting portion of the other joint member,
The projecting portion has a second engaging portion on its side surface that can engage with the inner surface of the receiving portion of the other joint member,
A joint member for a shield segment, wherein an anchor is provided at the receiving portion and/or the connecting portion. 26. The shield segment joint member according to claim 25, wherein the first engaging portion and the second engaging portion are formed so as to be inclined with respect to the joint surface. The first engaging portion is formed such that the width of the inner surface of the opposing side wall of the receiving portion gradually decreases from the opening of the receiving portion toward the end face facing the opening. 27. The joint member for shield segments according to claim 25 or 26, characterized by: 28. The protrusion according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein the protrusion has a pair of side surfaces, and a neck portion having a minimum distance between the side surfaces, at least partially in the joining direction. The joint member for the shield segment according to . 29. The shield segment joint member according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein a plurality of said first engaging portions and said second engaging portions are formed.

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