JP7190786B1 - Stripping machine, cutter and stripping method - Google Patents

Abstract

A stripping machine capable of processing various kinds of electric wires or cables and occupying a compact area is provided. A stripping machine (1) includes at least one cutter (10) that abuts on a covering material, and rollers (5) that pinch a cable or the like between a pair of upper rolls (5A) and lower rolls (5B) and feed the cable toward the at least one cutter (10). and have. At least one cutter 10 has a body portion 12 extending along the delivery direction X of the cable or the like, and a blade portion 11 provided at the end of the body portion 12 facing the roller 5 . there is The blade portion 11 is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 becomes narrower toward the upstream side X1 in the delivery direction X, and the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 are aligned. It has a cutting edge 20 formed on the ridge line. [Selection drawing] Fig. 3

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a stripping machine for stripping coating materials from electric wires and cables.

Copper and aluminum, which are used as conductors in electric wires and cables, are valuable resources. Polyethylene resin and vinyl resin, which are used as coating materials, can also be recycled as materials or thermally, so they are collected as industrial waste. A waste electric wire is separated into a conductor and a covering material using a stripping machine and recycled.

A general-purpose stripping machine for processing cables for low-voltage power, for example, is equipped with a pair of feed rolls that pinch and feed a cable from above and below. A ring-shaped cutting edge is formed on the peripheral surface of the feed roll. A large stripping machine for processing thick cables such as those for high-voltage power uses, for example, a horizontal workbench on which the cable is placed, a pair of feed rolls that hold and feed the cable on the workbench from the left and right, and a cable clamping machine. and a pair of upper and lower cutters protruding from above and below toward a position.

Patent Literatures 1 and 2 disclose stripping devices for multi-core cables configured to feed cables using a pair of upper and lower rolls, like the general-purpose stripping machine described above. As shown in FIG. 1(A) of Patent Document 1, the stripping device includes first and second cutters extending in a bar shape, and the first cutter extends from above the cable toward the cutting position. and the second cutter projects obliquely upward from below the cable toward the cutting position. The first and second cutters are arranged so that their cutting edges face the downstream side in the cable feeding direction, and cut off the sheath of the multicore cable being fed.

JP 2016-82607 A JP 2022-26367 A

However, when a large-sized stripping machine processes a cable of a thickness that cannot be processed by a general-purpose stripping machine, a plurality of stripping machines must be used according to the thickness of the cable. The procedure is complicated and the burden on the operator is heavy. A large stripping machine for thick cables is heavy and occupies a large area, which puts pressure on the work space in the factory.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a stripping machine capable of processing various types of wires or cables and occupying a compact area.

A stripping machine according to an aspect of the present invention is a stripping machine for stripping a coating material covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable, comprising at least one cutter that contacts the coating material, and a pair of upper roll and lower roll. and rollers for feeding the electric wire or cable between them toward at least one cutter. At least one cutter has a body extending along the delivery direction of the electric wire or cable, and a blade provided at the end of the body facing the roller. The blade portion is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface becomes narrower toward the upstream side in the delivery direction, and the cutting edge is formed on the ridge line where the first side surface and the second side surface coincide. have a blade.

According to this aspect, since the feed rolls are arranged vertically, it is possible to provide a compact stripping machine that occupies a small work space in the factory compared to a configuration in which the feed rolls are arranged horizontally. Since the body of the cutter extends along the feeding direction of the cable, etc., the cut in the covering material formed by the blade is pushed open by not only the blade but also the body, while maintaining a state in which the cut is not closed. You can send cables, etc. The cutting edge is not a pyramid-shaped cutting edge that makes point contact with the covering material, but a cutting edge that is formed on a ridge that makes line contact with the covering material, so it can cut the covering material even if the body of the cutter is along the delivery direction of the cable, etc. can. Even if the cable or the like becomes thicker or the deteriorated covering material adheres to the conductor, it is difficult to fail in separating the conductor from the covering material. Different types of cables and the like can be processed compared to prior art stripping machines with obliquely extending barrels.

In the above aspect, the blade length of the cutting edge is preferably greater than the thickness of the covering material cut by the cutting edge.

According to this aspect, for example, even if the body of the cutter is substantially parallel to the feeding direction of the cable or the like, the cutting edge having a blade length greater than the thickness of the covering material can reliably cut the covering material.

In the above aspect, the electric wire or cable includes a first electric wire or cable having a first finished outer diameter, a second electric wire or cable having a second finished outer diameter larger than the first finished outer diameter, may contain The stripping machine may comprise a first inlet corresponding to the first wire or cable and a second inlet corresponding to the second wire or cable. At least one cutter includes a first cutter that abuts on the first electric wire or cable that is input from the first input port, and a second cutter that abuts on the second electric wire or cable that is input from the second input port. and a cutter. The horizontal distance from the center of rotation of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the second cutter is preferably greater than the horizontal distance from the center of rotation of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the first cutter.

In this aspect, since the distance between the lower roll and the cutting edge is changed according to the finished outer diameter of the cable or the like, various types of cables or the like can be processed more favorably. A cable or the like having a small finished outer diameter and low rigidity is cut by the first cutter positioned closer to the lower roll, so that the thin cable or the like can be processed before the tip of the cable or the like hangs down and the position of the cable or the like is shifted from the cutter. Cables with a large finished outer diameter and high rigidity are cut by the second cutter located farther from the lower roll. Hateful. Thick cables can be processed without contaminating the inside of the stripping machine.

In the above aspect, the horizontal distance from the rotation center of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the cutter is preferably 1.0 times or more and 1.4 times or less the finished outer diameter of the wire or cable. When the wire or cable has a finished outer diameter of 35 mm or more and 40 mm or less, the horizontal distance from the center of rotation of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the cutter is preferably 40 mm or more and 50 mm or less.

According to these aspects, for example, a high-voltage power cable of 325 sq for 6600 V, a cable having a large finished outer diameter such as a 600 V power cable of 400 sq, and the like can be suitably processed.

In the above aspect, it is preferable that the extending direction of the trunk portion is a horizontal direction or a direction inclined upward in the gravitational direction toward the downstream side in the delivery direction.

According to this aspect, the cable or the like, which is pushed out by the roller and tends to float horizontally or slightly above the horizontal direction, can be arranged substantially parallel to the body of the cutter. While the covering material is passing through the cutter, it can be maintained in a widened state so that the cut does not close, so even under severe conditions such as thick cables and deteriorated covering materials sticking to the conductor, The conductor and the covering material can be separated more reliably.

In the above aspect, the blade portion may have an inclined surface that is formed at a portion facing the cutting edge and that is inclined downward in the direction of gravity toward the downstream side in the delivery direction.

According to this aspect, since the inclined surface is formed in the portion facing the cutting edge, interference with the lower roll can be avoided and the cutting edge can be brought closer to the lower roll. Cables with a smaller finished outer diameter can be processed.

A cutter according to an aspect of the present invention is a replaceable cutter constituting a stripping machine for stripping a coating material covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable, and the stripping machine is located between a pair of upper rolls and lower rolls. rollers for pinching the electric wire or cable and sending it out toward the cutter. The cutter has a body extending along the feed-out direction of the electric wire or cable, and a blade provided at the end of the body facing the roller. The blade portion is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface becomes narrower toward the upstream side in the delivery direction, and the cutting edge is formed on the ridge line where the first side surface and the second side surface coincide. have a blade.

According to this aspect, it is possible to configure a stripping machine that exhibits the excellent effects described above.

A wire stripping method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a wire stripping method for stripping a coating material covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable, wherein the wire or cable is sandwiched between a pair of upper rolls and a lower roll and is attached to a cutter. by forming a cut in the covering material by means of a wedge-shaped blade provided on the cutter, and by means of a body provided on the cutter and extending along the feeding direction of the wire or cable, and maintaining the spread to prevent the cut from closing while the dressing passes through the cutter.

According to this aspect, since the cable or the like is sent out using the feed rolls arranged vertically, the occupation area of the work space in the factory is smaller than the method using the feed rolls arranged horizontally. Due to the body extending along the delivery direction of the cable, etc., while the covering material is passing through the cutter, the cut is kept pushed open so that the cable does not become thicker or deteriorate. Even if the covering material adheres to the conductor, it is difficult to fail to separate the conductor from the covering material. Different types of cables and the like can be processed compared to the method using the prior art stripping machine in which the body extends obliquely.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a stripping machine capable of processing various kinds of electric wires or cables and occupying a compact area.

FIG. 1 is a right side view of a stripping machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the stripping machine shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the front side into which cables and the like are introduced. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the stripping machine shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the rear side where cables and the like are discharged. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a top plan view of an example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view of the example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the right. 7 is a perspective view showing another example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing the stripping machine shown in FIG. 3. FIG.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in each figure, the same reference numerals have the same or similar configurations. A stripping machine 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is used, for example, as a stripping machine for processing waste electric wires W of electric wires and cables to separate conductors and coating materials.

An electric wire is composed of a conductor such as copper or aluminum, and an insulator such as crosslinked polyethylene resin or vinyl resin covering the conductor. The cable comprises a multi-layer structure that includes at least one wire and further includes a sheath that protects the wire. The cables processed by the stripping machine 1 are preferably single core cables containing one wire. It may be a multi-core cable including two or more electric wires.

The cable or the like may further include, as an optional configuration, a semiconductor layer applied to the insulator, a shield such as an annealed copper tape wound around the insulator, an inclusion that fills the gap between the wire and the sheath, and the like. In this specification, electric wires and cables are collectively referred to as cables, etc., and internal semiconductor layers, insulators, external semiconductor layers, shields, inclusions, sheaths, etc. that cover conductors are collectively referred to as covering materials. .

The stripping machine 1 is capable of processing various types of cables and the like W. FIG. Cables processed by the stripping machine 1 include, for example, a low-voltage power cable with a nominal cross-sectional area of 60 sq and a nominal voltage of 600 V having a finished outer diameter of about 15.5 mm, and a nominal cross-section having a finished outer diameter of about 47 mm. A high voltage power cable with an area of 600sq and a nominal voltage of 6600V is included.

A cable with a finished outer diameter of about 8 mm is an example of a first electric wire or cable, and a cable with a finished outer diameter of about 38 mm is an example of a second electric wire or cable with a finished outer diameter larger than that of the first electric wire or cable. is.

FIG. 1 is a right side view of a stripping machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the stripping machine 1 includes at least one cutter 10 that abuts on a covering material such as a cable, and a cable or the like sandwiched between a pair of upper rolls 5A and lower rolls 5B toward the cutter 10. and a roller 5 for sending out.

From the perspective of the operator, the front side of the stripping machine 1 into which the cables, etc. are introduced is the upstream side in the delivery direction X of the cables, etc., and the stripping machine 1 from which the cables, etc. separated from the conductor and the covering material are discharged. is the downstream side in the sending direction X of the cable or the like. The stripping machine 1 has a pair of feed rolls (upper and lower rolls 5A, 5B) that constitute the roller 5, and is arranged vertically. It occupies a small working space.

Ring-shaped cutting edges may be formed on the peripheral surfaces of the upper and lower rolls 5A and 5B. In this case, the cutter 10, which is a characteristic part of the present invention, is a multi-stage cutter that abuts on the cut of the covering material cut by the cutting edges of the upper and lower rolls 5A and 5B and widens the cut to more reliably cut the covering material. function as

FIG. 2 is a front view of the stripping machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the front side into which cables and the like are introduced. In the illustrated example, the stripping machine 1 includes, in addition to the above-described cutter 10 and roller 5, a housing 2 installed on a horizontal surface such as a floor, a driving source 3 such as a motor, and a driving force generated by the driving source 3. It further includes a power transmission mechanism 4 that transmits power to the rollers 5, a height adjustment mechanism 6 that can change the distance between the upper roll 5A and the lower roll 5B, and at least one inlet 7 for inserting a cable or the like.

In the illustrated example, the inlet 7 includes a first inlet 7A and a second inlet 7B. The first inlet 7A corresponds to the above-described first electric wire or cable, and has an opening that is slightly larger than the first finished outer diameter of the cable. The second inlet 7B is formed with an opening that is one size larger than the second finished outer diameter corresponding to the aforementioned second electric wire or cable.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the stripping machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 as seen from the rear side where cables and the like are discharged. As shown in FIG. 3, the cutter 10 is attached to a tool post 9 forming a part of the housing 2 with bolts or the like, and can be removed from the tool post 9 and replaced. The number of cutters 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and the method of fixing the cutters 10 to the tool post 9 is not limited to the illustrated example.

4 is a perspective view showing an example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 3, the cutter 10 includes a blade portion 11 that faces the roller 5 from the downstream side of the feeding direction X of the cable or the like, and is located downstream of the blade portion 11, It has a body portion 12 extending along the delivery direction X and a leg portion 13 fixed to the tool post 9 .

The trunk portion 12 is formed in a substantially quadrangular rod shape having an upper surface 25 , a lower surface 26 opposite to the upper surface 25 , and a third side surface 23 and a fourth side surface 24 connecting the upper surface 25 and the lower surface 26 . In the illustrated example, the third side surface 23 and the fourth side surface 24 are formed parallel to each other.

The trunk portion 12 is arranged so as to overlap with the movement locus of the covering material such as the cable. Regarding the cable or the like sent out by the roller 5, the movement locus of the covering material is indicated by reference symbol R in FIG. 1, and the movement locus of the conductor is indicated by Cu in FIG. A cable or the like that is being cut is pushed out in a generally horizontal direction and tends to float slightly above the horizontal direction.

The extending direction of the body 12 is either horizontal or slightly inclined upward in the direction of gravity Z toward the downstream side in the delivery direction X in accordance with the moving locus of the covering material such as the cable. preferably. An angle θ formed between the extending direction of the trunk portion 12 and the horizontal plane indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 6 is, for example, 0 to 10 degrees, preferably 0 to 5 degrees, more preferably 0 to 2 degrees. .

The blade portion 11 is provided at the end of the rod-shaped body portion 12 facing the roller 5 . The leg portion 13 is provided at the end portion of the body portion 12 opposite to the blade portion 11 . In the illustrated example, the leg portion 13 is formed in the shape of a substantially quadrangular prism extending along the vertical direction Z, and is provided with a plurality of elongated holes through which bolts or the like can be inserted.

The blade portion 11 shares an upper surface 25 with the trunk portion 12 and further has a first side surface 21 , a second side surface 22 and an inclined surface 27 . 5 is a top plan view of an example of the cutter shown in FIG. 3. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the blade portion 11 is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 becomes narrower toward the upstream side in the delivery direction X, and the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 22 are separated from each other. It has a cutting edge 20 formed on a ridge that coincides with two side surfaces 22 .

FIG. 6 is a right side view of an example of the cutter 10 shown in FIG. The cutting edge 20 is formed such that the cutting edge length B shown in FIG. 6 is greater than the thickness of the covering material cut by the cutting edge 20 . As shown in FIG. 6 , the inclined surface 27 is formed at a portion facing the cutting edge 20 and is inclined downward in the gravitational direction Z as it goes downstream in the feeding direction X. As shown in FIG. Note that the inclined surface 27 is not an essential component of the cutter 10, and may be omitted so that FIG. 7 described below is referred to.

7 is a perspective view showing another example of the cutter 10 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. In the illustrated example, the cutter 10 is integral with the barrel 12 and further includes a bottom portion 14 extending along the barrel 12 . The bottom portion 14 is positioned below the trunk portion 12 in the direction of gravity Z and is wider than the trunk portion 12 in the horizontal direction Y. As shown in FIG. Since the rigidity of the trunk portion 12 is reinforced by the bottom portion 14, the trunk portion 12 can be formed narrow in accordance with a cable or the like having a small finished outer diameter.

FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing the stripping machine 1 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
The cutter 10 consists of a first cutter 10A that abuts on the first electric wire or cable inserted from the first input port 7A and a second electric wire or cable that is input from the second input port 7B. and a second cutter 10B that abuts on.

In the stripping machine 1, the horizontal distance H2 from the rotation center O of the lower roll 5B to the cutting edge 20 of the second cutter 10B is the horizontal distance from the rotation center O of the lower roll 5B to the cutting edge 20 of the first cutter 10A. It is configured to be larger than the distance H1. According to the stripping machine 1, the second electric wire or cable having a large finished outer diameter and the first electric wire or cable having a small finished outer diameter can be produced by a single stripping machine 1 without using a plurality of stripping machines. can be processed.

The horizontal distance H2 is preferably 1.0 times or more and 1.4 times or less the finished outer diameter of the cable or the like. Moreover, when the finished outer diameter of the cable or the like is 35 mm or more and 40 mm or less, the horizontal distance H2 is preferably 40 mm or more and 50 mm or less, for example.

The wire stripping method using the wire stripping machine 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above is to sandwich a cable or the like between a pair of upper and lower rolls 5A and 5B and feed it toward the cutter 10, and The wedge-shaped blade 11 forms a cut in the covering material, and the body 12 provided on the cutter 10 and extending along the delivery direction X of the cable or the like allows the covering material to pass through the cutter 10. This includes keeping the cut open while it is being passed.

According to such a stripping machine 1 and a stripping method using the stripping machine 1, the cutting edge of the upper and lower rolls 5A and 5B and the cutting edge 20 of the blade portion 11 form the cut of the covering material by the body portion 12. Since it can be maintained so as not to be closed, even if the cable or the like becomes thicker or the deteriorated covering material adheres to the conductor, it is difficult to fail to separate the conductor and the covering material. Even if it is a waste electric wire in which the deteriorated coating material is welded to the conductor, which is difficult to separate with the stripping machine of the prior art, the conductor and the coating material can be separated with a high yield, so various kinds of electric wires or cables can be processed.

The embodiments described above are for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit and interpret the present invention. Each element included in the embodiment and its arrangement, materials, conditions, shape, size, etc. are not limited to those illustrated and can be changed as appropriate. Also, it is possible to partially replace or combine the configurations shown in different embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Stripping machine, 2... Case, 3... Drive source, 4... Power transmission mechanism, 5... Roller, 5A... Upper roll, 5B... Lower roll, 6... Height adjustment mechanism, 7... Input port, 7A... First input port 7B Second input port 9 Tool post 10 Cutter 10A First cutter 10B Second cutter 11 Blade 12 Trunk 13 Leg Part 14... Bottom 20... Cutting edge 21... First side 22... Second side 23... Third side 24... Fourth side 25... Upper surface 26... Lower surface 27... Inclined surface B... Blade length, Cu... Trajectory of conductor movement, H1... Horizontal distance from center of rotation to first cutter, H2... Horizontal distance from center of rotation to second cutter, O... Center of rotation of lower cutter, R... Coating material , X... Feeding direction, Y... Horizontal direction, Z... Gravity direction, ?... Inclination angle of trunk.

Claims (9)

A stripping machine for stripping a coating material covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable,
at least one cutter that abuts the covering;
a roller for sandwiching the electric wire or the cable between a pair of upper and lower rolls and feeding it toward the at least one cutter;
The at least one cutter is
a trunk portion extending along the feeding direction of the electric wire or the cable;
a blade provided at the end of the body facing the roller,
The blade portion is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface becomes narrower toward the upstream side in the delivery direction, and the first side surface and the second side surface are aligned on a ridge line. having a formed cutting edge,
stripping machine. The blade length of the cutting edge is greater than the thickness of the coating material cut by the cutting edge,
The stripping machine according to claim 1. The electric wire or cable includes a first electric wire or cable having a first finished outer diameter and a second electric wire or cable having a second finished outer diameter larger than the first finished outer diameter. including
The stripping machine includes a first input port corresponding to the first wire or cable and a second input port corresponding to the second wire or cable,
The at least one cutter includes a first cutter that abuts on the first electric wire or cable that has been input from the first input port, and a second electric wire or cable that has been input from the second input port. a second cutter abutting the
The horizontal distance from the rotation center of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the second cutter is greater than the horizontal distance from the rotation center of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the first cutter,
The stripping machine according to claim 1. The horizontal distance from the rotation center of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the cutter is 0.8 times or more and 1.4 times or less the finished outer diameter of the electric wire or cable.
The stripping machine according to claim 1. When the finished outer diameter of the electric wire or cable is 38 mm or more and 47 mm or less, the horizontal distance from the rotation center of the lower roll to the cutting edge of the cutter is 40 mm or more and 50 mm or less.
The stripping machine according to claim 1. The extension direction of the body is a horizontal direction, or a direction inclined upward in the direction of gravity toward the downstream side in the delivery direction.
The stripping machine according to claim 1. The blade portion is formed at a portion facing the cutting edge, and has an inclined surface that is inclined downward in the direction of gravity as it goes downstream in the delivery direction.
The stripping machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A replaceable cutter that constitutes a stripping machine for stripping a coating covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable,
The stripping machine includes a roller that pinches the electric wire or the cable between a pair of upper rolls and a lower roll and feeds it toward the cutter,
The cutter includes a trunk portion extending along a delivery direction of the electric wire or the cable;
a blade provided at the end of the body facing the roller,
The blade portion is formed in a wedge shape in which the distance between the first side surface and the second side surface becomes narrower toward the upstream side in the delivery direction, and the first side surface and the second side surface are aligned on a ridge line. having a formed cutting edge,
cutter. A stripping method for stripping a coating material covering a conductor of an electric wire or cable,
Sandwiching an electric wire or cable between a pair of upper and lower rolls and sending it out toward a cutter;
forming a cut in the covering material with a wedge-shaped blade provided on the cutter; and
A state in which the cut is not closed while the covering material is passing through the cutter by a body part provided in the cutter and extending along the delivery direction of the electric wire or the cable. including maintaining
stripping method.

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