JP7183491B1 - Seismic isolation structure to prevent house collapse - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] There is a method of connecting a column and a base by inserting the tenon of the column into the mortise hole of the base, but there is a problem that the column detaches from the base due to earthquake motion and the house collapses. A foundation (1), a base (2), and a column (3) are vertically connected by anchor bolts (4), and a first recess formed in the upper surface of the base (2) and recessed vertically downward and having a first bottom surface (8); a second recess formed in the lower surface and recessed vertically upward and having a second bottom surface 9; A covering cap flange 7a extending outward and fixed to the lower surface of the column 3 is provided, and the covering cap 7 has a depth shallower than that of the second recess. A vertically compressed elastic member 16 is arranged between the first bottom surface 8 and the inner bottom surface 10b of the covering cap, and the nut 13 is attached to the anchor bolt 4 at a position spaced upward from the outer bottom surface 10a of the covering cap. fixed. [Selection drawing] Fig. 1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a house collapse prevention base isolation structure for preventing a wooden house from collapsing when an earthquake occurs.

Conventional pillars and foundations are joined by inserting the mortises on the pillars into the mortise holes in the foundations and reinforcing them with metal fittings such as hold-downs to strengthen the joining force. Next, attach the anchor bolts to the foundation, fix the connection metal fittings to the anchor bolts that penetrate the foundation, attach the columns that have been processed for fitting metal fittings in advance to the joint metal fittings that are fixed to the anchor bolts, and There is one that has been improved to be tightened with a drift pin (for example, see Patent Document 1)

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-184062

However, the seismic motion is not limited to left-right and back-and-forth swaying, but also complex swaying such as vertical and torsional swaying is repeated. There were problems such as damage to pillars and foundations, and overturning of pillars and collapse of houses.
A seismic isolation structure for preventing collapse of a house is provided in order to prevent such a missing tenon.

The first means is to prevent the collapse of a wooden house built with a concrete foundation, a foundation placed on anchor bolts fixed vertically to the foundation, and columns erected on the foundation. A seismic isolation structure for preventing house collapse,
The anchor bolt vertically fixes the foundation and the base, the column has an anchor bolt insertion hole extending in the axial direction, and the column is vertically aligned with the base by inserting the anchor bolt into the column. connected in the direction of
a first recess formed in the upper surface of the base and recessed vertically downward and having a first bottom surface;
a second recess formed in the bottom surface of the pillar, vertically upwardly recessed, and having a second bottom surface;
a covering cap that can be fitted into the second recess and has an opening on one side and a bottom plate on the other side;
a covering cap flange extending radially outward from the peripheral edge of the opening of the covering cap and fixed to the lower surface of the column;
The bottom plate of the covering cap has an insertion hole through which the anchor bolt is inserted,
The anchor bolt insertion hole is formed upward from the second bottom surface, and the covering cap has a depth shallower than the second recess,
an elastic member vertically compressed between the first bottom surface and the inner bottom surface of the covering cap;
A nut fixed to the anchor bolt is provided at a position spaced upward from the outer bottom surface of the covering cap.

A second means is characterized in that, in the first means, an opening is further provided in the side surface of the column at a position above the outer bottom surface of the covering cap and below the second bottom surface. be.

The present invention comprises a foundation and a base fixed with anchor bolts, a base and a pillar vertically connected with anchor bolts, a vertically downward recess formed in the top surface of the base and having a first bottom surface; A second recess having a second bottom surface recessed vertically upward formed in the bottom surface of the pillar, and an outer bottom surface recessed vertically upward from the bottom surface of the pillar so as to fit into the second recess, and fixed to the pillar. an elastic member vertically compressed between the covering cap, the first bottom surface and the inner bottom surface of the covering cap; It consists of a nut and an elastic member that stretches when an earthquake occurs,
When the cover cap moves upward and comes into contact with the nut, the pillar is prevented from jumping up further, and the dead weight of the house contacts the foundation to prevent the tenon from coming off.

The strength of the pillar is maintained by attaching a filler material coated with adhesive to the fitting opening on the side of the pillar on the indoor side.

By adopting a seismic isolation structure to prevent the collapse of the house for the pillars, it is possible to distribute the load caused by complex seismic motions and prevent the house from collapsing as a structure with a seismic isolation function.

It is a sectional side view which shows embodiment of this invention, and demonstrates the state and positional relationship which connected the foundation, the foundation, and the column with the anchor bolt. (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between a foundation, a base, and an anchor bolt, (b) is a plan view of the base in top view AA, and (c) is a plan view of the base in top view BB. (a) A cylindrical second recess that opens vertically upward from the bottom surface of the column and has a second bottom surface, the position of the metal fitting mounting opening that opens from the side surface of the column, and for fixing the cap flange (b) A flat cross-sectional view of AA showing the shape of the second recess and the position of the screw hole, (c) a metal fitting mounting opening opened on the side surface of the pillar and (d) a plan sectional view of CC showing an anchor bolt insertion hole. (a) is a perspective view of a nut, (b) is a perspective view of a spring washer, (c) is a perspective view of a washer, and (d) is a cylinder fitted into a second recess vertically upward from the lower surface of a column A shaped cover cap and a circular cover cap collar showing screw holes for fixing to the underside of the post. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the metal fitting of the collapse-preventing and seismic-isolated structure is mounted from the metal fitting mounting opening of the pillar, and a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the washer and spring washer are mounted and the nut is fixed to the anchor bolt. Metal fittings for anti-collapse seismic isolation structure are attached to the pillars of a wooden house to show how the pillars, foundation and foundation are integrally connected. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state with which the plowing part was loaded with the filler. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which a cap placed on a nut fixed to an anchor bolt is in contact with and restrained when an up-and-down motion due to an epicenter earthquake occurs. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the pillar contacts the foundation due to the load of the house on the pillar after the earthquake is over. FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the receiving cap is attached to the base;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view showing a house collapse prevention seismic isolation structure.
A foundation 1 and a foundation 2 of a wooden house are vertically fixed by anchor bolts 4 embedded in a concrete foundation 1. - 特許庁Moreover, by attaching the foundation packing 15 between the foundation 1 and the foundation 2, it is effective in mitigating the shock caused by an earthquake, in ventilating the underfloor, and in preventing rainwater from entering.
Furthermore, the pillar 3 erected on the upper surface of the base 2 has an anchor bolt insertion hole 6 extending in the axial direction, and by inserting the anchor bolt 4 into the pillar 3, the pillar 3 and the base 2 are connected in the vertical direction. be.
A first recess formed in the upper surface of the base 2 and having a vertically downward recess and a first bottom surface 8 is cylindrical, and a second recess formed in the lower surface of the pillar 3 and having a vertically upward recess and having a second bottom surface 9 is cylindrical. The recess is cylindrical. A cylindrical covering cap 7 made of metal and a circular covering cap flange 7a are fitted into the second recess and fixed to the lower surface of the column 3 by screws 14, and the depth of the covering cap is shallower than that of the second recess.
A vertically compressed metal elastic member 16 is mounted between the first bottom surface 8 and the inner bottom surface 10b of the covering cap, and the elastic member 16 is compressed by the load of the house.
Furthermore, the metal fitting mounting opening 11 (see FIG. 3) opened from the side of the pillar 3 is opened at a position above the outer bottom surface 10a of the cover cap and below the second bottom surface 9, and is provided with a metal washer 12a. A metal spring washer 12b is passed through the anchor bolt 4, and a metal nut 13 is fixed to the anchor bolt 4 at a position above and away from the outer bottom surface 10a of the cover cap. When an earthquake occurs, the elastic member 16 expands and contracts, and the cover cap 7 contacts the nut 13 together with the washer 12a and the spring washer 12b, thereby providing a seismic isolation function that prevents the pillar 3 from coming out of the mortise and from being displaced.
In addition, the strength of the pillar 3 can be maintained by inserting an adhesive-applied filler 17 into the fitting mounting opening 11 and fixing it with a filler pressing plate 18 . The shape of the covering cap collar 7a may be square.

FIG. 2(a) is a vertical cross-sectional view of the foundation 1, the foundation 2 and the anchor bolt 4. The anchor bolt 4 is vertically fixed to the foundation 1 and the foundation 2, and has a cylindrical shape vertically downward on the upper surface of the foundation 2. It is a plan sectional view showing that it has a dent.
(b) is a plan view of AA of the base 2, showing the anchor bolt 4 passing through the base 2. FIG.
(c) is a plan cross-sectional view of BB of the base 2, showing that the depression formed vertically downward in the upper surface of the base 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the anchor bolt 4 is inserted through the central portion thereof. It is a figure which shows that there exists.

FIG. 3(a) shows a bottom surface of the column 3 formed with a vertically upward recess, a second bottom surface 9, an anchor bolt insertion hole 6 formed upward from the second bottom surface 9, and a fitting mounting opening. A portion 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an opening on the side surface of the column 3. FIG.
(b) is a cross-sectional plan view along AA of the column 3, showing that the depression formed vertically upward on the bottom surface of the column 3 is cylindrical, and the anchor bolt insertion hole 6 is opened in the center. It is a figure which shows the hole of the screw 14 for fixing the covering cap flange 7a.
(c) is a plan view of the BB of the pillar 3. The fitting opening 11 is opened from the side surface of the pillar 3 inside the room, and the position of the opening is above the outer bottom surface of the cover cap 7, the second between the bottom surface 9 of the Although the shape of the fitting mounting opening 11 is cylindrical, it may be rectangular parallelepiped. In addition, it is better to open the side surface to be opened by judging whether it is a flat grain or a straight grain from the maintenance of the strength of the column by mortise raking and workability.
(d) is a horizontal sectional view of CC of the column 3, showing the anchor bolt insertion hole 6. FIG.

FIG. 4(a) shows a nut 13 fixed to the anchor bolt 4. FIG.
(b) is a spring washer 12b, which is arranged between the nut 13 and the washer 12a. Relax with effect.
(c) is a washer 12a, which is arranged on the upper surface of the covering cap 7 to stabilize the load applied to the covering cap 7. FIG.
(d) is a covering cap 7 and a covering cap flange 7a. The covering cap 7 is recessed vertically upward from the lower surface of the column 3 so as to be fitted into the second recess of the column 3, and has a cylindrical shape. The bottom plate of the cover cap 7 is provided with anchor bolt insertion holes 5 through which the anchor bolts 4 are inserted. and is fixed to the lower surface of the column 3 with a screw 14 . Also, the shape of the covering cap flange 7a may be rectangular.

As shown in FIG. 5, in a state where the pillar 3 is lifted before connecting the pillar 3 to the base 2, the anchor bolt 4 fixed to the base 2 in the vertical direction is inserted into the first recess of the base 2 and the covering cap. An elastic member 16 is installed between the bottom surface 10b and the anchor bolt 4 is inserted into the anchor bolt insertion hole 5 of the cover cap 7 fixed to the column 3 with a screw 14, and the metal fitting mounting opening opened on the side surface of the column 3. A washer 12 a and a spring washer 12 b are inserted through the anchor bolt 4 from the portion 11 , and the nut 13 is fixed to the anchor bolt 4 .

In FIG. 6, after inserting the washer 12a and the spring washer 12b into the anchor bolt 4 from the fitting mounting opening 11 and fixing the nut 13 to the anchor bolt 4, in order to maintain the strength of the opening fitting fitting opening 11, 4 is a vertical side view of a metal fitting mounting opening 11 filled with a filler 17. FIG.
Moreover, the position of the opening of the fitting mounting opening 11 is between the upper side of the outer bottom surface 10a and the lower side of the second bottom surface 9 of the covering cap. The shape of the opening is cylindrical. Furthermore, the opening reaches the second recess horizontally from the side of the pillar 3 toward the center, and the size of the opening on the side of the opening viewed from the second recess and the size of the opening on the side of the pillar 3 are the same. Also, the shape of the opening may be a rectangular parallelepiped.

FIG. 7 shows a vertical motion caused by an epicenter earthquake, which pushes the house upward, moves the pillar 3 upward, and stretches the elastic member 16 . As the column 3 rises upward and the elastic member 16 expands, the cover cap 7 comes into contact with the nut 13 fixed to the anchor bolt 4, and the column 3 is prevented from rising any further. Furthermore, the column 3, which has been moved upward by the vertical seismic motion, is lowered by the load of the house applied to the column 3, and the elastic member 16 is contracted to absorb the impact.
The elastic member 16 may be a coil spring, silicon rubber, or the like.
In addition, due to the impact of earthquakes, typhoons, strong winds, snowfall, etc., the stress on the pillars 3 and walls constantly changes due to up/down, left/right, front/back, twist, etc. By absorbing the uneven load on the pillars 3 with springs, It has a seismic isolation function that prevents the detachment of the column 3 from 2 and disperses and mitigates the impact of the complex seismic motion that occurs immediately after the pitching.

In FIG. 8, the covering cap 7 and the elastic member 16 move upward together with the column 3 due to the seismic motion, and after the seismic motion converges, the load of the house descends, and the column 3 comes into contact with the foundation 2 and returns to the normal state. Fig. 10 is a vertical side view showing restoration;
The strength of the pillar 3 is maintained by filling the opening of the fitting mounting opening 11 with a filler 17 coated with a woodworking adhesive. prevent it from popping out.

FIG. 9 is a diagram of a metallic receiving cap 19. FIG. In particular, when the load of the house is applied and the base 2 and the pillar 3 come into contact with each other and are severely worn, a receiving cap 19 may be attached in order to reduce the damage. Also, it is a vertical side view showing that the bottom of the receiving cap 19 has an opening for preventing the sill 2 and the pillar 3 from rotting due to moisture.

In order to strengthen the seismic force of wooden houses, through-pillars are used up to under the eaves of the second floor. In addition, it may break or break due to wind pressure or the like.
By connecting the beams and girders of the second floor and arranging the seismic isolation structure to prevent the collapse of the house in a well-balanced manner, it is possible to strengthen the joint strength of the columns, pipe columns, and structural members on the first and second floors, and reduce the biased load. It exerts a seismic isolation function against seismic motion and strengthens seismic force.

Building a new house requires a large amount of money and time, but remodeling and renovation can improve the earthquake resistance and seismic isolation of the house, reducing the damage to the house and household goods. Usually, six to eight people work together to assemble pre-cut structural materials at a construction site.
When constructing, expanding, remodeling, renovating, or renovating a house, we conduct earthquake resistance diagnosis, make the house earthquake resistant, and contribute to improving the seismic strength of the house.

In an epicentral earthquake with a shallow epicenter, the whole house is pushed up by instantaneous vertical movement, and the violent shaking immediately afterward breaks the mortises of the pillars and the reinforcing metal fittings, and the first floor part collapses. high.
Reducing casualties due to collapsed houses has different characteristics depending on the region, and it is extremely difficult to save the dead and injured people who were buried under materials and furniture. It is required at the same time regardless of region and time.
Even after the disaster is over, the damage caused by securing evacuation sites, securing drinking water, providing food, assisting the disabled and the elderly, building temporary housing for the sick, and removing disaster waste from collapsed houses will be enormous. be.
Efforts to prevent and mitigate disasters, save lives, and reduce reconstruction funds by making homes seismic-isolated are issues that each of us must deal with, and issues that the government and administrative bodies should work together to solve. be.

Large floods caused by typhoons, river embankment failures, tsunamis, etc., often cause flooding, causing houses to rise to the surface, resulting in frequent outflows, damage, and loss of furniture. A seismic isolation structure that prevents house collapse contributes to disaster prevention and mitigation of damage caused by natural disasters.

The strength, workability, hygroscopicity, heat insulation, etc. of wood have been reviewed and utilized in many ways. In addition, weakening of structural materials due to mortise raking of through pillars of wooden two-story houses, utilization of strength of laminated lumber used in three-story houses, general houses complying with the Building Standards Law, and the structure of large-scale buildings The range of use of the collapse prevention seismic isolation structure is wide because of the improvement of the bonding strength of the materials and the bonding strength with the foundation, beams, girders, etc.

1: Foundation 2: Foundation 3: Column 4: Anchor bolt 5: Anchor bolt insertion hole 6: Anchor bolt insertion hole
7: cover cap
7a: Covering cap brim 8: First bottom surface 9: Second bottom surface
10a: Outer bottom of cover cap
10b: Inner bottom of cover cap
11: Bracket mounting opening
12a: washer
12b: Spring washer
13: Nut
14: screw
15: Basic packing
16: elastic member
17: Filler
18: Filler holding plate
19: Receiving cap

Claims (2)

Collapse prevention seismic isolation structure for preventing the collapse of a wooden house built with a concrete foundation, a foundation arranged on anchor bolts fixed vertically to the foundation, and columns erected on the foundation. and
The anchor bolt vertically fixes the foundation and the base, the column has an anchor bolt insertion hole extending in the axial direction, and the column is vertically aligned with the base by inserting the anchor bolt into the column. connected in the direction of
a first recess formed in the upper surface of the base and recessed vertically downward and having a first bottom surface;
a second recess formed in the lower surface of the pillar and having a second bottom face vertically upward;
a covering cap flange extending radially outward from the peripheral edge of the opening of the covering cap and fixed to the lower surface of the column;
The bottom plate of the covering cap has an insertion hole through which the anchor bolt is inserted,
The anchor bolt insertion hole is formed upward from the second bottom surface, and the covering cap has a depth shallower than the second recess,
an elastic member vertically compressed between the first bottom surface and the inner bottom surface of the covering cap;
A seismic isolation structure for preventing house collapse, comprising a nut fixed to the anchor bolt at a position spaced upward from the outer bottom surface of the covering cap. 2. A seismic isolation structure for preventing house collapse according to claim 1, wherein an opening is provided in the side surface of the pillar above the outer bottom surface of the covering cap and below the second bottom surface.

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