JP7176866B2 - Building panel joint structure and outer wall provided with the joint structure - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a joint structure of an outer wall having a waterproof function, and in particular, a joint structure that improves the waterproof function of the entire joint of building panels that constitute the outer wall, and an outer wall that includes this joint structure. It is about.

In the joint portion of the building panel that constitutes the outer wall, after inserting the backup material, the sealing material is filled to maintain the waterproof function. In such a joint structure, a waterproof gasket is also sandwiched on the back side of the joint to improve the waterproof function of the outer wall.

As a method of inserting a gasket for waterproofing in the joint part on the back side, there is a method of inserting the gasket into the joint part after constructing the building panel, and a method of pasting the gasket in advance on the part corresponding to the joint part of the building panel and then There is a way to build

When using the method of inserting a gasket into the joint on the back side after constructing a building panel, if a high-density gasket is used to achieve watertightness, it is difficult to compress the gasket, so it is time-consuming to insert it into the joint. It takes. If a low-density gasket is used, it can be easily inserted into the joint, but high watertightness cannot be expected.

When a gasket is applied in advance to a location corresponding to the joint on the back side of a construction panel, if a high-density gasket is used, it is difficult to adjust the joint and the construction takes time. If a low-density gasket is used, it will be easier to adjust the joints, but high watertightness cannot be expected.

In Patent Document 1, a plate-shaped body made of a foam is bent and deformed at the center in the width direction, both end faces in the same width direction are made flush, and a hollow portion is formed on the inner side of the bend. A sealing material is described in which the sides are fixed.

Patent Document 2 describes a dry sealing material that is placed in a gap formed between adjacent panels and seals the gap, and is composed of a hydrophobic urethane foam material and a water-swellable foamed resin material. A reinforced panel-to-panel seal is described.

JP-A-11-62036 JP 2011-231485 A

When the sealing material of Patent Document 1 is inserted into the joint portion of the building panel, the minimum sealing performance can be obtained by compressive deformation as shown in FIG. 2 of the document. However, since it is a foam, it has a low compressive stress and cannot be used for water supply parts that require high watertightness.

When the sealing material of Patent Literature 2, which is a combination of a hydrophobic urethane foam material and a water-swellable foamed resin material, is used in joints of building panels, there is a problem that the cost increases compared to a single gasket.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the problems of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joint structure for a building panel that provides high watertightness without increasing costs, and an outer wall having the joint structure.

In the joint structure of the building panel of the present invention, a vertical gasket having a square cross-section for waterproofing is sandwiched in the vertical joint on the back side of the building panel stretched vertically and horizontally, and the cross -section for waterproofing is sandwiched in the horizontal joint. A joint structure of a building panel in which a square-shaped horizontal gasket is sandwiched, wherein the entire surface of each end of the two horizontal gaskets is located in the middle of the side so as to sandwich the middle of the side of the vertical gasket. Both gaskets have physical properties such as a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 to 12 KPa at 30% compression. It is sandwiched between the back side joint portions in a state of 40%, and the entire surface of each end portion of the horizontal gasket and the middle portion of the side surface of the vertical gasket are in surface contact .

As in the joint structure of the present invention, a gasket having physical properties such as a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 to 12 KPa at 30% compression is selected. The watertightness of the joint portion can be remarkably improved by inserting it in the back side joint portion with a ratio of 20 to 40%. Moreover, since it is a single gasket, it does not lead to an increase in cost.

A specific example of the gasket is made of polyurethane. In addition, watertightness can be further improved by using a gasket that is water-swellable.

The outer wall of the present invention is an outer wall provided with a joint structure of building panels in which waterproof gaskets are sandwiched along the joints on the back side of the building panels stretched vertically and horizontally, and the joint structure is the joint structure described above.

According to the present invention, the gasket provided in the joint structure has a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 to 12 KPa at 30% compression. The watertightness of the joint can be remarkably improved by inserting it into the back side joint with a compressibility of 20 to 40% with respect to the joint width . Moreover, since it is a single gasket, it does not lead to an increase in cost.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a joint structure of a building panel according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1; FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an outer wall with a joint structure; FIG. It is a sectional view of a gasket. (a) is a front view of an example and a comparative example in which the sheet is laid horizontally, and (b) is a front view of an example and a comparative example in which the sheet is vertically laid. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the joint structure of the building panel of the present invention is applied horizontally.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction panel joint structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of FIG. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the outer wall G provided with the joint structure 1. FIG. In this embodiment, an example in which the extruded cement board 2 is used vertically as a building panel stretched vertically and horizontally will be described.

The extruded cement board 2 is manufactured by extruding a mixture of cement, aggregate, fiber, admixture, water, etc., with an extruder and cutting it into a predetermined size. The extruded cement plate 2 is provided with a plurality of hollow portions 3 each having a rectangular cross section and arranged parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, which is the direction of extrusion. A plurality of partition walls 2c connecting the surface side base material 2a and the back side base material 2b of the extruded cement plate 2 are formed by forming the plurality of hollow portions 3. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer wall G is composed of the extruded cement boards 2 stretched lengthwise and crosswise, and joints are formed between adjacent extruded cement boards 2 in the vertical and horizontal directions.

The mounting structure of the extruded cement board 2 shown in FIG. It is a mounting structure for fixing the extruded cement board 2 to the base material 4 by means. First and second L-shaped steel members 5 and 6 are fixed to the frame, and a base member 4 having a T-shaped cross section that is horizontally continuous with the second L-shaped steel member 6 is fixed.

The fastening means includes a nut 7 provided in the hollow portion 3 and in contact with the back side base material 2b, a clip 8 in contact with the outer surface of the back side base material 2b and engaged with the base material 4, The mounting bolt 9 passes through the clip 8 and is screwed with the nut 7 .

The clip 8 is composed of a base portion 8a in contact with the outer surface of the back-side substrate 2b and an engaging portion 8b extending from the base portion 8a along the longitudinal direction of the hollow portion. The engaging portion 8b is engaged with the base material 4. As shown in FIG. A mounting bolt 9 passes through the clip 8 and the back side base member 2 b and is screwed into the nut 7 within the hollow portion 3 . A nut 7 and a clip 8 are tightened by a mounting bolt 9 so as to sandwich the back side base material 2b.

Part of the base material 4 is embedded between the upper and lower extruded cement plates 2 . Part of the base material 4 and the draining material 10 are sandwiched between the upper and lower extruded cement plates 2 . A filling material 11 such as rock wool is filled between the base material 4 inserted between the upper and lower extruded cement plates 2 and the lower extruded cement plate 2 . Hard packings 12 , 22 are provided between the draining material 10 and the extruded cement board 2 . Among these, the hard packing 22 is a packing material having a holding mechanism for holding the upper end portion of the back side base material 2b. A water-permeable material 23 is attached to the front surface of the hanging piece of the draining material 10, and a backup material 13 is inserted in the front surface thereof. A sealing material 15 is filled on the surface side of the backup material 13 in the horizontal joint portion 14 on the surface side of the upper and lower extruded cement boards 2 .

As shown in FIG. 2, the extruded cement plates 2 arranged side by side are provided so that the uneven ends are fitted. A backup material 13 is also inserted into the vertical joint portion 16 on the surface side of the extruded cement board 2 , and the surface side of the backup material 13 is filled with a sealing material 15 . Along the vertical joint portion 17 on the back side of the extruded cement board 2, a vertically continuous waterproof vertical gasket 18 is sandwiched.

Between the extruded cement board 2 and the base material 4, there is a gap 20 that extends along the lateral joint portion on the back side of the extruded cement board 2. As shown in FIG. A part of the draining material 10 enters into the space 20 so as to be in contact with the base material 4.例文帳に追加Along the gap 20, a horizontally continuous waterproof lateral gasket 21 is sandwiched so that a portion thereof is flush with the end portion of the draining material 10. - 特許庁

The vertical gasket 18 and the horizontal gasket 21 are made of unfoamed or foamed polyurethane having water expandability. The polyurethane vertical gasket 18 and horizontal gasket 21 have physical properties such as a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 to 12 KPa at 30% compression. A vertical gasket 18 is sandwiched between vertical joints (back side joints) 17 on the back side with a compressibility of 20 to 40% with respect to the joint width t2 into which the gasket is inserted. A lateral gasket 21 is sandwiched in the gap 20 with a compressibility of 20 to 40% with respect to the gap width t1 into which the gasket is inserted. The same kind of gasket is used for the vertical gasket 18 and the horizontal gasket 21. - 特許庁The dimensions are set during molding of the gaskets 18 and 21 so that the sandwiched gaskets 18 and 21 have the above compressibility.

In the joint structure 1 of the present embodiment, the vertical gasket 18 sandwiched between the vertical joints 17 on the back side of the extruded cement board 2 and the gaps 20 communicating along the horizontal joints on the back side of the extruded cement board 2 By using a specific material having the above physical properties for the lateral gasket 21 sandwiched between the two and compressing it at a specific compression rate, the watertightness is remarkably improved.

Polyurethane gaskets made of open or semi-open foam are inexpensive, but have the disadvantage of leaking air or water when subjected to high pressure. If compressive stress is increased in order to improve watertightness, the repulsive force of the gasket increases, making it difficult to adjust the joint width, degrading workability and increasing costs. In the present embodiment, this problem is solved by optimizing the cross section (adjusting the compressibility during construction) suitable for the compressive stress.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of gaskets 18 and 21. As shown in FIG. The gaskets 18 and 21 are formed with cross-sectional dimensions of width t: 13 mm and height h: 15 mm. Gaskets 18 and 21 are sandwiched between the vertical joint portion 17 and the gap 20 on the back side, respectively. For example, in FIG. 1, the width t1 of the gap 20 between the extruded cement board 2 and the substrate 4 is 10 mm, and the horizontal gasket 21 shown in FIG. 4 with a width t: 13 mm is sandwiched. By inserting the lateral gasket 21 into the gap 20, the width t of 13 mm is compressed to the width t1 of 10 mm.

In FIG. 2, the width t2 of the vertical joint portion 17 on the back side of the extruded cement plate 2 is 10 mm, and a vertical gasket 18 with a width t: 13 mm shown in FIG. 4 is inserted therein. By inserting the vertical gasket 18 into the vertical joint portion 17, the width t of 13 mm is compressed to the width t2 of 10 mm.

In these cases, the gaskets 18 and 21 are compressed at a ratio of (13 mm-10 mm)/13 mm=23%. By making the compression rate of the gaskets 18 and 21 greater than 20%, high water tightness is ensured while maintaining the repulsive force, and by making the compression rate smaller than 40%, the repulsive force is suppressed and insertion into the joint is possible. can be facilitated and workability can be improved.

Conventional urethane gaskets have physical properties such as a density of 75 to 85 kg/m ³ =0.07 to 0.085 g/cm ³ and a compressive stress of 6 to 7 KPa. Regarding the dimensions of the conventional gasket, a gasket of height: 20 mm x width: 15 mm = cross-sectional area of 300 mm ² , length of 1 m and volume of 300 cm ³ is used. Therefore, the mass of 1 m of gasket is 300×0.075-0.085=22.5-25.5 g.

The urethane gasket of this embodiment has a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ =0.13 to 0.15 g/cm ³ , a length of 1 m and a volume of 195 cm ³ . The mass of 1m of gasket is 195×0.13-0.15=25.35-29.25g.

The mass increase rate per 1 m is about 1.12 to 1.15 times that of the conventional one, and the material cost rises by about 10%. .66 times). The provision of the joint structure 1 makes it possible to compensate for the increase in mass and material costs, and to obtain a water tightness advantage which greatly exceeds this increase.

According to the construction panel joint structure 1 of the present embodiment and the outer wall G including the joint structure 1, the gaskets 18 and 21 have a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 when compressed by 30%. A gasket having a physical property of up to 12 KPa is selected, and the compression rate of the gaskets 18 and 21 is set to 20 to 40% with respect to the joint width t2 or the gap width t1 into which the gasket is inserted. , or by sandwiching it in the gap 20, the watertightness of the joint can be remarkably improved. Since it is a single gasket, it does not lead to cost increase.

In addition, high watertightness can be obtained simply by setting a versatile polyurethane gasket to a specific density and compressibility and processing it to a predetermined size. Since a general-purpose polyurethane gasket can be used, it is possible to reduce costs, and the cost can be reduced by about 30% compared to EPDR and CR plain rubber gaskets having the same performance. Compared to the conventional construction method, the number of types of gaskets can be reduced, so not only cost reduction but also workability can be improved. In this embodiment, the joint width t2 and the gap width t1 are set to 10 mm, but the joint width t2 and the gap width t1 may be appropriately changed depending on the shape of the panel, the layout of the panels, the type of substrate, and the like. The width is not limited.

Based on JIS1414 "watertight performance", the performance of structures using gaskets with conventional densities as comparative examples and gaskets with the densities of the present invention as examples was confirmed. In both the comparative example and the example, as shown in FIGS. 5(a) (horizontal) and (b) (vertical), a frame 100 having a width of 1980 mm and a height of 1980 mm (internal dimensions of 1780 mm in width and 1780 mm in height) is used as the foundation. , and an extruded cement plate 101 was attached so that the width of the vertical joint on the back side and the width of the space between the extruded cement plate and the substrate were 10 mm.

As the structure of the comparative example, a polyurethane gasket having a density of 85 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 7 KPa at 30% compression was processed into a size of 15 mm in height and 20 mm in width. was attached so that the width of 20 mm was compressed to 10 mm.

As the structure of the example, a polyurethane gasket having a density of 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 10 KPa at 30% compression was processed into a height of 15 mm and a width of 13 mm, and this was applied to the required portion on the back side of the extruded cement plate 101. was attached so that the width of 13 mm was compressed to 10 mm. In both the comparative example and the example, the front side was filled with sealing after inserting a conventional backup material.

Two plates each having a width of 25 mm, a length of 50 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm and having projections of 0.25 mm on the surface were used as defective plates with a gap of 0.5 mm between the projection sides. This defective plate was inserted into each of three vertical joints and three horizontal joints at the positions indicated by the arrows in the figure so that the length of the sealing installation on the outdoor side was 5% or more. The defect rate of the joint portion at this time was 8.4%.

The extruded cement plates 101 having joint structures of Comparative Example and Example were attached to a dynamic air pressure device, and pressure was applied while spraying 4 liters/min·m ² of water onto the specimen. As a result, in the structure of the comparative example, the watertightness of the joint was 3000Pa, but in the example, it was confirmed that the watertightness of the joint was improved to 5000Pa.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples described above. It may be applied to a structure using an extruded cement board in a lateral direction. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which the joint structure of the building panel of the present invention is applied to the lateral extension of the extruded cement board 25. As shown in FIG. The mounting structure 26 shown in FIG. 6 sandwiches the back side base material of the extruded cement plate 2 from the inside and outside, and the extruded cement is attached by fastening means 28 that engage with the base material 27 connected to the frame of the building. It is a mounting structure for fastening the plate 25 to the base material 27 .

A vertical joint portion 29 is formed between the adjacent extruded cement plates 25, and the interior thereof is filled with ceramic wool. A backup material 30 is inserted into the longitudinal joint portion 29 on the surface side of the extruded cement board 2, and the surface side thereof is filled with a sealing material 31. As shown in FIG. Along the vertical joint portion 29 on the back side of the extruded cement board, a vertically continuous vertical waterproof gasket 32 is sandwiched. Along the horizontal joint portion 33 on the back side of the extruded cement board 2, a horizontally continuous waterproof horizontal gasket 34 is sandwiched.

The vertical gasket 32 is continuous in the vertical direction across the horizontal joint portion 33 , and the horizontal gasket 34 is divided by the vertical joint portion 29 . Each end 34a of the two horizontal gaskets 34 is in contact so as to sandwich the middle portion of the vertical gasket 32. As shown in FIG.

Both gaskets 32 and 34 are of the same type and have the same compressibility as in the above embodiment, and are sandwiched between the vertical joint portion 29 and the horizontal joint portion 33, respectively. As a result, the watertightness of the joint can be remarkably improved, and the cost is not increased. In addition, high watertightness can be obtained simply by setting a versatile polyurethane gasket to a specific density and compressibility and processing it to a predetermined size. Compared to the conventional construction method, the number of types of gaskets can be reduced, so not only cost reduction but also workability can be improved. Furthermore, as a gasket, in addition to water-swelling properties, flame-retardant properties or a combination of these properties can also be used.

Building panels are not limited to extruded cement board, other building panels such as ALC can also be used. The joint structure of the building panel according to the present invention can be modified within the technical scope described in the claims. The various members used for the joint structure of the building panel may be of any form as long as they do not impair the effects of the present invention.

1 joint structure 2 extruded cement board 4, 27 backing material 7 nut 8 clip 9 mounting bolt 10 draining material 12, 22 hard packing 13, 30 backup material 14 horizontal joint part on the surface side of the extruded cement board 15, 31 sealing Material 16 Vertical joint part on the surface side of the extruded cement board 17, 29 Vertical joint part on the back side of the extruded cement board 18, 32 Vertical gasket 20 Gap 21, 34 Horizontal gasket 23 Permeable material

Claims (4)

A building panel in which a vertical waterproof gasket with a rectangular cross section is sandwiched in the vertical joint part on the back side of a building panel stretched vertically and horizontally, and a horizontal waterproof gasket with a square cross section is sandwiched in the horizontal joint part. A joint structure of
The entire surface of each end of the two horizontal gaskets is in contact with the middle portion of the side surface so as to sandwich the middle portion of the side surface of the vertical gasket,
Both gaskets have physical properties such as a density of 130 to 150 kg/m ³ and a compressive stress of 9 to 12 KPa at 30% compression. It is sandwiched between the back side joints ,
A construction panel joint structure in which the entire surface of each end of the horizontal gasket and the middle portion of the side surface of the vertical gasket are in surface contact . 2. The building panel joint structure according to claim 1, wherein both said gaskets are made of polyurethane. 3. The construction panel joint structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both said gaskets have water expandability. An outer wall having a construction panel joint structure in which a waterproof gasket is sandwiched between the back side joints of the construction panels stretched vertically and horizontally,
An outer wall, wherein the joint structure is the joint structure according to claim 1 .

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