JP7175318B2 - Rolling element retainer and bearing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical transmission and technology, and more particularly to rolling element cages and bearings.

In the global mechanical transmission industry, the structural phenomenon of applying "low-precision axis-parallel rolling elements" is a fundamental obstacle that restricts the development of industrial technology.

Here, "axis-parallel rolling elements" refer to conventional mechanical transmission structures, such as overrunning clutches, bearings, and similar structures that transmit torque from a drive wheel to a driven wheel or drive wheels. in the process of rotating with respect to the driven wheel, the axial center line of the rolling element between the driving wheel and the driven wheel that transmits torque or maintains the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel is the transmission shaft Such rolling elements generally appear in the form of rollers, wedge-shaped blocks, etc., and in an ideal situation, the same product should have these The longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the rolling elements must coincide with the axial direction of the drive/driven wheels. Actions involved in transmission can be guaranteed.

However, even if the manufacturing precision of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is very high, and both the radial and axial dimensions of both wheels are precisely matched with the rolling elements, such rolling elements will not be able to function properly in the actual mechanical transmission process. is axially inclined without any warning and is not parallel to the transmission axis direction, so that a single rolling element receives a local force and stress concentration occurs, and between each rolling element The force is also not consistent, resulting in uneven stress throughout the transmission structure, which is expressed as local wear, deformation, crushing, etc., and causes noise, vibration, damage, etc., which significantly shortens the service life of the transmission structure. .

At present, there are several designs on the market to improve the axial parallelism of these rolling elements. However, since the cage is not fixed and floats between the drive wheel and the driven wheel, the position of the cage itself cannot be accurately fixed, and furthermore, the rolling elements cannot be fixed. Accurate axial parallelism cannot be achieved. Such deficiencies are more pronounced in basic transmission components, especially overrunning clutches and high speed, heavy load bearings.

In an ideal state, each rolling element installed in the axial direction is in a highly accurate axial parallel state to the axis line, and the rolling element rolls freely in the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. However, if the axially installed rolling elements cannot be parallel with high accuracy, the operating condition in the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel during operation is forced pressure rolling. It becomes transmission.

As shown in FIG. 1, which is a stress schematic diagram of a conventional truck bearing, the bearing includes an inner ring A, an outer ring B, rollers C and a roller cage D, and the inner ring A of the bearing is mounted on a fixed central shaft. Mounted and not rotating, the outer ring B rotates clockwise, the inner ring A under the gravitational action of the track exerts a constant pressure on the outer ring B by the lower roller C, and the upper roller C , the position of the roller cage D itself is not restrained, the size of the position limiting hole of the roller cage D accommodating the roller C is larger than that of the roller C, and the roller C is positionally limited. Since no actual restraining force is applied in the circumferential direction in the bore, both ends thereof are in a state of arbitrarily oscillating, and the upper roller C, which is in an idle state, oscillates arbitrarily when it is not subjected to pressure, and the outer ring When it enters downward in the process of rotating along with B, it is not completely parallel to the axial direction of the bearing. The pressing force received when the roller C enters the lowest position is maximum. In an ideal state, the roller C is in line contact with the inner ring A and the outer ring B. When the roller C is in a swinging state, the roller C and the outer arc surface of the inner ring A are located at one point (near the middle part of the roller). The roller C and the inner arc surface of the outer ring B are in contact at two points (contact points near both ends of the roller) and receive force. Rolling transmission occurs, and typically, the greater the run-out width of both ends of the roller C, the greater the pressing force that both ends receive in the limited radial clearance, resulting in noise, vibration, and damage. As a result, wear and damage to the inner ring A and outer ring B of the bearing also increase.

In such bearings, after being used for a certain period of time, on the one hand, pressure rolling transmission occurs in the rollers for a long period of time. , the inner ring and outer ring of the bearing will be pressed abnormally for a long time, which will inevitably result in irregular dents, pressure grooves, etc., further increasing the operating clearance of the rollers and becoming irregular clearance, The axial alignment accuracy of the rollers is further reduced, the bearing failure process is more rapid, so the service life of conventional bearings is generally shortened, and the roller retainer does not actually play a prominent role.

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention ensures that the rolling elements maintain high-precision axial parallelism during operation, greatly improving the operational stability and reliability of the structure, and reducing noise. To provide a rolling element retainer and a bearing capable of significantly extending the service life of the bearing and maintaining high rolling element parallelism.

To achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A rolling element cage that maintains high rolling element parallelism includes an annular cage main body, and an elastic biasing member and a gap holding member attached to the cage main body, and there are a plurality of the gap holding members, Arranged side by side on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer body along the circumferential direction of the retainer body, and arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the retainer body at intervals in the circumferential direction of the retainer body. a plurality of position limiting holes extending along the axial direction of the retainer main body to accommodate roller-like rolling elements passing therethrough; is fixed with at least one biasing member that elastically presses the rolling elements along the circumferential direction.

In one embodiment, the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer main body is provided with a groove for fitting the clearance holding member, and the clearance holding member is installed in the groove so as to be able to roll, And the diameter is larger than the depth of the groove.

As one embodiment, the groove is annular, and the gap retaining members are tightly arranged in the circumferential direction of the groove.

In one embodiment, said grooves are at least two, and two said grooves are spaced apart in the axial direction of said retainer body.

In one embodiment, the retainer body includes two annular positioning rings spaced and facing each other, and a plurality of connecting beams connected between the two positioning rings, wherein the grooves are: , the position limiting hole is formed between two adjacent connecting beams on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the positioning ring, and one biasing member is fixed to each connecting beam.

As one embodiment, two biasing members are fixed to the inner wall of each position limiting hole, and the two biasing members in each of the position limiting holes are arranged in the axial direction of the retainer main body. The rolling elements are pressed at two different points.

As one embodiment, the gap holding members are balls or rollers.

As one embodiment, each of the position limiting holes includes a first inner wall and a second inner wall that face each other in the rotational direction of the retainer body, and the biasing member is configured to extend along the first inner wall of each of the position limiting holes. It is mounted on the inner wall and has a free end extending towards said second inner wall.

In one embodiment, the first inner wall and the second inner wall of each position limiting hole are parallel to each other.

The present invention includes an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a rolling element retainer that maintains high rolling element parallelism. A rolling element cage that maintains the high rolling element parallelism is installed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the clearance holding member is provided between the cage main body and the outer ring surface of the inner ring or the The rolling element is installed between the cage main body and the inner ring surface of the outer ring so as to be able to roll, and the rolling elements are accommodated in the position limiting holes and elastically attached to the cage main body by the action of the biasing member. It is another object to provide a bearing that abuts.

The rolling element retainer of the present invention ensures that the rolling elements always maintain high-precision parallelism in the axial direction during transmission, thus avoiding noise, vibration, damage, etc. Each rolling element installed in the axial direction is in a highly accurate axial parallel state with respect to the axis line, and the rolling elements roll freely in the gap between the drive wheel and the driven wheel. , rolling transmission and stress in an ideal state are realized, greatly extending the service life of the bearing.

1 is a schematic diagram of stresses in the process of using a conventional heavy load bearing; FIG. 1 is a structural exploded schematic diagram of a bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line KK of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line MM of FIG. 4; FIG. 1 is an exploded structural schematic view of a rolling element retainer according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 4 is a structural exploded schematic diagram of another bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention; 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line K1-K1 in FIG. 8. FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line M1-M1 in FIG. 9;

In the present invention, the terms "provide", "install" and "connect" should be understood broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection or an integral structure, it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the two devices, elements or There may be internal communication between components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific situation.

Also, "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "in", "out", "middle", " Orientation or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are primarily used to better describe the invention and its embodiments and do not imply that the indicated device, element or component must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation. There is no limitation.

Also, the above partial terms may indicate other meanings than denoting orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "on" may denote some dependency or connection as the case may be. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in the present invention according to the specific situation.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples set forth herein are merely for the purpose of interpreting the invention and not for limiting the invention.

A rolling element cage according to the present invention has an annular cage main body, and an elastic biasing member and a gap holding member attached to the cage main body. , the gap holding member is arranged along the circumferential direction of the cage main body along the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the cage main body, and the outer circumferential surface of the cage main body is spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the cage main body. A plurality of position limiting holes are provided side by side, and the position limiting holes extend along the axial direction of the retainer body to accommodate the roller-like rolling elements. has at least one biasing member fixed therein, the free end of the biasing member extending toward the opposite inner wall and circumferentially positioned after assembly of the rolling elements in the position limiting holes. It elastically presses the rolling element in the restriction hole. All of the biasing members extend from the same side inner wall of each position limiting hole in the rotational direction of the retainer body toward the opposite side inner wall (e.g., extend from upstream to downstream in the clockwise direction). out). Here, "upstream" and "downstream" are two relative orientations on the path of rotation in the direction of rotation, and the direction of circumferential movement from "upstream" to "downstream" in the direction of rotation match the direction.

After the rolling element cage is assembled in the bearing, the rolling element cage is positioned between the relatively rotatable inner ring and outer ring on the bearing, and rolls on the back surface of the inner ring or the outer ring by means of the gap retaining member. to ensure accuracy of positional limitation with the inner ring or outer ring, and the rolling element retainer will not move arbitrarily. At the same time, the roller-rolling elements assembled in the rolling-element retainer are subject to the elastic biasing force of the biasing member, specifically, the roller-rolling elements above the bearing are not subject to the pressure of the outer ring and are upstream By the action of the urging force of the urging member, the rollers do not roll or slightly roll due to contact with the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole, and these rollers are in close contact with the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole. The rollers are restrained in the circumferential direction and are absolutely parallel to the axial direction. When the upper roller rolling element moves to the lower side of the bearing along with the rolling element cage, the roller rolling element receives the pressing force of the inner ring and the outer ring at the same time, so that the biasing member is compressed, and the roller The rolling elements are released from the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole and are allowed to roll unrestrained in the circumferential direction, and the roller rolling elements are precisely axially aligned before releasing from the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole. Due to the biased state, high axial accuracy can be maintained during the subsequent rolling process.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, in this embodiment, the rolling element cage 30 that maintains high rolling element parallelism is mainly composed of an annular cage main body 31 and elastic members attached to the cage main body 31. A plurality of gap holding members 33 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the cage main body 31 on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the cage main body 31 to hold the urging member 32 and the gap holding member 331 . After the container main body 31 is attached to the inner ring 10 or the outer ring 20 of the bearing, the gap holding members 33 arranged in the circumferential direction can maintain a highly accurate gap with the inner ring or the outer ring of the bearing, and the cage main body 31 can be Circumferential rotation is not affected. Here, it may be a ball or a roller.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of position limiting holes 312 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the retainer body 31 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the retainer body 31. The position limiting holes 312 extend along the axial direction of the retainer main body 31 to accommodate the roller-shaped rolling elements 40 passing therethrough. At least one biasing member 32 that resiliently presses against 40 is fixed.

The width of the position limiting hole 312 (that is, the dimension along the circumferential direction of the cage body 31) is slightly larger than the radial dimension of the rolling element 40, and the longitudinal direction of the position limiting hole 312 is the same as the cage body. 31, the depth direction of the position limiting holes 312 is the radial direction of the retainer main body 31, and each position limiting hole 312 faces the first inner wall in the rotational direction of the retainer main body 31. and a second inner wall, the biasing member 32 is mounted on the first inner wall of each position-limiting hole 312 and has a free end extending toward the second inner wall and extending toward the first inner wall of the position-limiting hole 312 . and the second inner wall are parallel to each other, and both are parallel to the depth direction of the position limiting hole 312, that is, perpendicular to the width direction of the position limiting hole 312, so that the rolling element 40 is positioned to limit the position. A positive position limit is achieved with a perfectly vertical circumferential bias within the holes 312, with the first inner wall of each position limit hole 312 both upstream/downstream of the second inner wall.

Preferably, the position limiting holes 312 are arranged uniformly in the circumferential direction of the cage main body 31 , one rolling element 40 is mounted in each position limiting hole 312 , and the rolling elements 40 are arranged in the rolling element cage 30 . It matches the number of position limiting holes 312 . The rolling elements 40 in each position limiting hole 312 receive at least two elastic pressing forces in the same direction from the biasing member 32 at the same time. For example, one biasing member 32 may press at least two different parts in the longitudinal direction of the rolling element 40 at the same time. The two biasing members 32 in the hole 312 may each act on two different parts in the longitudinal direction of the rolling element 40 to press the rolling element 40 .

A groove 311 into which the clearance holding member 33 is fitted is formed in the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer main body 31. The clearance holding member 33 is rotatably installed in the groove 311 and has a diameter equal to that of the groove. Since the depth is greater than the depth of the groove 311 , part of the gap holding member 33 protrudes outside the groove 311 . Here, the groove 311 is annular, the gap holding members 33 are closely arranged in the circumferential direction of the groove 311, the groove 311 is at least two, and the two grooves 311 are arranged in the axial direction of the retainer body 31. , so that the retainer body 31 maintains axial balance during the rotation process, and the two grooves 311 are preferably formed at both ends of the retainer body 31 in the axial direction. It facilitates the opening of the hole 312 and the attachment of the gap retainer 33.

In one embodiment, the retainer body 31 includes two annular positioning rings 3a that are spaced apart and opposed to each other, and a plurality of connecting beams 3b connected between the two positioning rings 3a to form grooves. 311 is opened on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the positioning ring 3a, a position limiting hole 312 is formed between two adjacent connecting beams 3b, and one biasing member 32 is fixed to each connecting beam 3b.

Further, the urging member 32 of this embodiment is a leaf spring, and the outer surface of the connecting beam 3b of the retainer body 31 is provided with two circumferential positioning grooves P at intervals. is wound around the surface of the connecting beam 3b and fitted into the positioning groove P, the free end of the biasing member 32 extends toward the opposite inner wall of the position limiting hole 312, and thus the position The narrower restricting holes 312 are designed, the more position restricting holes 312 are designed, and more rolling elements 40 can share more pressing force, and the position restricting holes 312 are arranged radially of the rolling elements 40. , and also help improve axial parallelism. In other embodiments, the biasing member 32 may be replaced by compression springs, torsion springs, or the like.

In addition, the present invention includes an inner ring 10, an outer ring 20, a rolling element retainer 30 and a rolling element 40. A plurality of rolling elements 40 are installed between the inner ring 10 and the outer ring 20 so as to be able to roll. A container 30 is installed between the inner ring 10 and the outer ring 20, and a clearance holding member 33 is provided between the cage main body 31 and the outer ring surface of the inner ring 10 or between the cage main body 31 and the inner ring surface of the outer ring 20. Further, a bearing having the rolling element retainer 30 which is installed so as to be able to roll, the rolling element 40 being accommodated in the position limiting hole 312, and elastically abutting against the retainer body 31 by the action of the biasing member 32. offer.

The distance between the inner ring surface and the outer ring surface of the retainer main body 31, that is, the thickness of the retainer main body 31 is smaller than the rolling elements 40, the rolling elements 40 are positioned within the position limiting holes 312, and It can roll on the outer surface of the inner ring 10 and the inner surface of the outer ring 20 .

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the gap holding member 33 is installed on the inner ring surface of the cage main body 31 so as to be able to roll thereon. The retaining members 33 are arranged in the grooves 311 at intervals, and chamfered surfaces 10S are provided at both ends of the inner ring 10, respectively. , between the chamfered surface 10S and the groove 311. As shown in FIG. When the rolling element retainer 30 is attached to the inner ring 10 , each rolling element 40 is elastically attached to the second inner wall of the position limiting hole 312 by the biasing member 32 by installing the rolling element 40 in each position limiting hole 312 . When the outer ring 20 is brought into contact with the rolling element retainer 30 and the position thereof is limited in the axial direction of the bearing, assembly is completed.

As one position limiting aspect of the bearing end surface, the bearing may further include a collar 50 and a retaining ring 60 , and an inner surface of one end of the outer ring 20 is provided with a locking groove 200 for locking the collar 50 . After the outer ring 20 is fitted onto the rolling element retainer 30, the retaining ring 60 is first inserted into the outer ring 20, and further the collar is retained in the locking groove 200 so that the retainer main body 31 is axially received by the retaining ring 60. axial position limitation is achieved.

In the following, the operating state of the rolling elements 40 will be analyzed during the pressure receiving process of the bearing. Here, a situation in which the inner ring 10 of the bearing does not rotate and the outer ring 20 rotates clockwise will be described as an example. Here, "the inner ring 10 does not rotate" means a state of motion with respect to the outer ring 20, and the inner ring 10 may rotate while the outer ring 20 does not rotate during actual operation.

The high-precision axial cage of the present invention is particularly suitable for heavy-load bearings with linear contact rolling elements, and as shown in FIG. For example, the outer ring 20 rotates clockwise while applying pressure perpendicular to the floor. In this process, it is considered that the inner ring 10 is slightly eccentric to the pressure-receiving surface, and the rolling elements 40 above the axial center line X of the bearing are not subjected to the longitudinal pressure of the inner ring 40, and the pressure is mainly applied to the rolling elements 40 below the axial center line X of the bearing, and the rolling elements 40 below the axial center line X of the bearing are synchronized clockwise by the pressure of the inner ring 10 and the outer ring 20. Roll. The roller rolling elements 40 located above the axial center line X of the bearing are not subjected to the pressure of the outer ring 20 and are brought into contact with the downstream inner wall (second inner wall) of the position limiting hole 312 by the action of the biasing force in the clockwise direction. These roller rolling elements 40 are in close contact with the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole 312 and restrained in the circumferential direction, and are absolutely parallel to the axial direction. , the upper roller rolling element 40 moves to the lower side of the axial center line X of the bearing along with the rolling element cage 30, and then the rolling element 40 receives the pressing force of the inner ring 10 and the outer ring 20 at the same time, so that the biasing member 32 is compressed, released from the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole 312, and can roll without being constrained in the circumferential direction. synchronously with the outer ring 2, and maintains high axial accuracy before the rolling element 40 separates from the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole 312. Therefore, the rolling element does not oscillate in the circumferential direction. As the rolling element 40 moves clockwise from the axis X of the bearing to the lowest position, the pressing force received gradually increases, and the rolling element 40 moves from below to the other side of the axis X of the bearing (Fig. 5). ), the pressing force received gradually decreases, and the biasing member 32 restores the deformation and presses the rolling elements 40 again to the downstream inner wall of the position limiting hole 312 to move the cage main body 31 rotate along with

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the clearance retainer 33 is rotatably installed on the outer ring surface of the cage body 31, and the groove 311' is formed on the outer ring surface of the cage body 31. , the gap holding members 33 are arranged in the grooves 311' at intervals. 312, each rolling element 40 is elastically abutted against the second inner wall of the position limiting hole 312 by the urging member 32, and when the rolling element cage 30 is assembled to the outer ring 20 of the bearing, the clearance holding member is formed. 33 is between the outer ring 20 and the groove 311'. After the rolling element retainer 30 is attached to the outer ring 20, the inner ring 10 is inserted into the rolling element retainer 30, and the position is limited in the axial direction of the bearing to complete assembly.

The difference from the previous embodiment of the bearing is that in this embodiment, a locking groove 100 for locking the collar 50 can be formed on the outer surface of one end of the inner ring 10 . After the inner ring 10 is inserted into the rolling element cage 30, first, the snap ring 60 is fitted into the inner ring 10, and furthermore, the collar 50 is engaged with the locking groove 100 so that the cage main body 31 is moved axially. Axial position limitation is achieved by being received by a retaining ring 60 at the .

The rolling element retainer of the present invention ensures that the rolling elements always maintain high-precision parallelism in the axial direction during transmission, thus avoiding noise, vibration, damage, etc. Each rolling element installed in the axial direction is in a highly accurate axial parallel state with respect to the axis line, and the rolling elements roll freely in the gap between the drive wheel and the driven wheel. , rolling transmission and stress in an ideal state are realized, greatly extending the service life of the bearing.

The foregoing descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that numerous further improvements and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application. and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (20)

A rolling element retainer that retains rolling elements installed between an inner ring and an outer ring,
It includes an annular cage main body, and an elastic biasing member and a clearance holding member attached to the cage main body. arranged side by side on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface, and installed rollably between the cage main body and the outer ring surface of the inner ring or between the cage main body and the inner ring surface of the outer ring; A gap is maintained between the cage main body and the outer ring surface of the inner ring or between the cage main body and the inner ring surface of the outer ring. A plurality of position limiting holes are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the position limiting holes extend along the axial direction of the cage body to accommodate the roller-shaped rolling elements. At least one biasing member is fixed to the inner wall of each of the position limiting holes for elastically pressing the rolling elements along the circumferential direction of the retainer body, and all the biasing members A rolling element retainer that presses corresponding rolling elements along the same circumferential direction of the retainer body. each of the position limiting holes includes a first inner wall and a second inner wall facing each other in the rotational direction of the retainer body, and the biasing member is installed on the first inner wall of each of the position limiting holes; 2. A rolling element cage according to claim 1, wherein free ends extend toward said second inner wall. The inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer main body is provided with a groove into which the clearance holding member is fitted, the clearance holding member is rotatably installed in the groove, and has a diameter 3. A rolling element cage according to claim 2, which is greater than the depth of . 4. The rolling element cage according to claim 3, wherein said groove is annular and said gap retaining members are closely arranged in the circumferential direction of said groove. 5. The rolling element cage according to claim 4, wherein there are at least two grooves, and the two grooves are spaced apart in the axial direction of the cage body. The retainer body includes two annular positioning rings spaced apart and facing each other, and a plurality of connecting beams connected between the two positioning rings, and the grooves are formed in the positioning rings. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the position limiting hole is formed between two adjacent connecting beams formed on an inner ring surface or an outer ring surface, and at least one biasing member is fixed to each of the connecting beams. Rolling element retainer. The biasing member is a leaf spring, and two positioning grooves are formed on the peripheral surface of the connecting beam of the retainer body at intervals. 7. The rolling element retainer according to claim 6, wherein the free end of the biasing member extends toward the opposite inner wall of the position limiting hole. Two biasing members are fixed to the inner wall of each of the position limiting holes, and the two biasing members in each of the position limiting holes are respectively arranged at two different points in the axial direction of the retainer body. 2. A rolling element cage according to claim 1, which presses said rolling elements. 3. The rolling element cage according to claim 2, wherein said gap holding members are balls or rollers. 3. The rolling element cage according to claim 2, wherein said first inner wall and said second inner wall of each said position limiting hole are parallel to each other. comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a rolling element retainer, wherein there are a plurality of the rolling elements, and the rolling elements are installed between the inner ring and the outer ring so as to be able to roll; and the rolling element retainer includes the inner ring. and the outer ring, and includes an annular cage body, and an elastic biasing member and a gap retaining member attached to the cage body, wherein there are a plurality of the gap retaining members, and the cage body includes A plurality of grooves are arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer main body, and are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the retainer main body at intervals in the circumferential direction of the retainer main body. Position limiting holes are formed, and the position limiting holes extend along the axial direction of the retainer main body to accommodate roller-like rolling elements passing therethrough. At least one biasing member that elastically presses the rolling elements is fixed along the circumferential direction of the cage body, and all the biasing members are fixed along the same circumferential direction of the cage body. The gap holding member presses the corresponding rolling elements and is rotatably installed between the cage main body and the outer ring surface of the inner ring or between the cage main body and the inner ring surface of the outer ring. 2. A bearing according to claim 1, wherein said rolling element is accommodated in said position limiting hole and elastically abuts against said retainer body under the action of said biasing member. each of the position limiting holes includes a first inner wall and a second inner wall facing each other in the rotational direction of the retainer body, and the biasing member is installed on the first inner wall of each of the position limiting holes; 12. A bearing according to claim 11, wherein a free end extends towards said second inner wall. The inner ring surface or the outer ring surface of the retainer main body is provided with a groove into which the clearance holding member is fitted, the clearance holding member is rotatably installed in the groove, and has a diameter 13. A bearing according to claim 12, which is greater than the depth of the 14. A bearing according to claim 13, wherein said groove is annular and said gap retaining members are closely arranged in the circumferential direction of said groove. 15. A bearing according to claim 14, wherein said grooves are at least two and two said grooves are axially spaced apart in said retainer body. The retainer body includes two annular positioning rings spaced apart and facing each other, and a plurality of connecting beams connected between the two positioning rings, and the grooves are formed in the positioning rings. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the position limiting hole is formed between two adjacent connecting beams formed on an inner ring surface or an outer ring surface, and at least one biasing member is fixed to each of the connecting beams. bearing. The biasing member is a leaf spring, and two positioning grooves are formed on the peripheral surface of the connecting beam of the retainer body at intervals. 17. The bearing of claim 16, wherein the free end of the biasing member extends toward the opposite inner wall of the position limiting hole. Two biasing members are fixed to the inner wall of each of the position limiting holes, and the two biasing members in each of the position limiting holes are respectively arranged at two different points in the axial direction of the retainer body. 12. A bearing according to claim 11, which presses against said rolling elements. 13. The bearing according to claim 12, wherein said gap holding members are balls or rollers. 13. A bearing according to claim 12, wherein said first inner wall and said second inner wall of each said position limiting hole are parallel to each other.

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