JP7174650B2 - Rubber bushings for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a railway vehicle rubber bush used in a traction device or the like that connects a vehicle body and a bogie in a railway vehicle.

In railway vehicles, rubber bushes for railway vehicles are used in order to suppress transmission of vibrations on the bogie side to the vehicle body. This rubber bushing for railway vehicles has an elastic support function for elastically supporting the vehicle body and the bogie, and a traction function for transmitting the traction force to the truck side, and the traction force is transmitted to the truck side when the railway vehicle starts or stops. It has a function to buffer the force applied to it.
In addition to these original functions, some are known to have a function of isolating specific vibrations transmitted from a certain direction during running. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a bush device for supporting a supported body including a motor on a support structure on the vehicle body side. By arranging an inner elastic body on the inner cylinder side, providing an intermediate plate between both elastic bodies, and attaching a mass member to the intermediate plate, the vibration of the frequency that causes noise is transmitted to the vehicle body side. It describes an invention that enables control of the characteristics of Further, in Patent Document 2, an elastic member is provided as an elastic bush with an elastic body interposed between the inner and outer cylinders, and an elastic member connected to only one of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder, or the elastic body in the axial direction is provided, and a weight member is attached to the elastic member. is described to form a dynamic damper. In either case, isolation of specific vibration is attempted by installing a dynamic damper that resonates at a specific frequency.

JP 2015-178854 A Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-4541

In the bushings of Cited Documents 1 and 2, since the mass members (weight members) that constitute the dynamic damper are arranged axially outside the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, they hinder compactness and cannot be installed depending on the installation location. There is a risk.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a rubber bush for a railway vehicle in which a dynamic damper can be installed in a space-saving manner without degrading the original functions of elastic support, traction, and cushioning. be.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a tubular outer member, a tubular or shaft-shaped inner member disposed inside the outer member, and an outer member and the inner member that are mutually connected. comprising an elastic support member that is connected to the outer member and has a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member; and a mass member that is arranged in the gap of the elastic support member and constitutes a dynamic damper
An annular plate is attached to the mass member coaxially with the outer member .
In the present invention, the "cylindrical shape" of the inner member is not limited to a shape that is connected along the entire circumference in the circumferential direction. It also includes a form in which a part in the circumferential direction is partially divided by using a member of. In addition, the term "annular" includes not only a loop shape that is not divided over the entire circumference, but also a C-shape that is partially divided.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 2 provides a tubular outer member, a tubular or shaft-shaped inner member arranged inside the outer member, and an outer member and the inner member that are mutually connected. comprising an elastic support member that is connected to the outer member and has a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member; and a mass member that is arranged in the gap of the elastic support member and constitutes a dynamic damper
The surfaces of the inner member and the mass member facing each other are flat surfaces.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 3 provides a tubular outer member, a tubular or shaft-shaped inner member disposed inside the outer member, and an outer member and the inner member that are mutually connected. comprising an elastic support member that is connected to the outer member and has a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member; and a mass member that is arranged in the gap of the elastic support member and constitutes a dynamic damper
A concave portion is formed on a surface of the inner member facing the mass member, and a convex portion protruding toward the concave portion is formed on a surface of the mass member facing the inner member.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention, in any one of the first to third aspects, the inner member is arranged substantially coaxially with the outer member.
It should be noted that the term "substantially coaxial" as used herein means that a slight error is allowed between the shaft centers, including the case where the shaft centers are aligned.
The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the configuration according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , the gap is arranged in a state other than the direction in which the load is input in the state of being attached to the railway vehicle.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the gap penetrates through the outer member in the axial direction.
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , the mass member is fixed to the outer member via a vibrating member.
According to an eighth aspect of the invention, in the seventh aspect, the vibrating member is made of the same material as the elastic support member.
According to a ninth aspect of the invention, in the configuration of the eighth aspect, the vibration member is partially connected to the elastic support member.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, a plurality of gaps and mass members are arranged.
According to an eleventh aspect of the invention, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, the mass member is formed to extend in the axial direction of the outer member.
According to a twelfth aspect of the invention, in the structure of claim 1 , the annular plate is arranged axially outside the outer member.
According to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, in the first or twelfth aspect, the annular plates are attached to both ends of the mass member in the axial direction of the outer member.

According to the invention of claims 1 to 3 , since the mass member constituting the dynamic damper is arranged in the gap provided in the elastic support member, the original functions of the elastic support function, the traction function, and the cushioning function are achieved. A dynamic damper can be installed in a small space without lowering it.
In particular, in the first aspect of the invention, in addition to the above effects, the annular plate positioned coaxially with the outer member is attached to the mass member. The natural frequency can be easily adjusted.
In particular, in the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the above effect, since the surfaces of the inner member and the mass member facing each other are flat surfaces, the space for arranging the mass member is widened. can be ensured.
In particular, in the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the above effects, a concave portion is formed in the surface of the inner member facing the mass member, and the surface of the mass member facing the inner member protrudes toward the concave portion. Since the convex portion is formed, a large shape of the mass member can be secured within the gap.
According to the invention of claim 4 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3, since the inner member is arranged substantially coaxially with the outer member, it is elastically supported in all directions except for the gap. The members are arranged evenly, and even if the input direction of force or vibration changes, the elastic support function and buffer function will not be biased.
According to the invention of claim 5 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 4 , the gap is arranged in a state other than the direction in which the load is input in the state of being attached to the railway vehicle. Even if the portion is provided, the elastic support function, the cushioning function, etc. are not impaired.
According to the invention of claim 6 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 5 , since the gap penetrates the outer member in the axial direction, a wide gap can be secured and the mass member In addition to increasing the degree of freedom in designing the shape, the mass member can be easily attached and detached.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of any one of the first to sixth aspects, the mass member is fixed to the outer member via the vibrating member. can be formed in
According to the eighth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, since the vibrating member is made of the same material as the elastic support member, the rubber bushing for railway vehicles can be manufactured at low cost.
According to the ninth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the eighth aspect, since the vibrating member is partially connected to the elastic support member, the manufacturing process can be rationalized, and the manufacturing can be completed in a short time.
According to the tenth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to ninth aspects, since a plurality of gaps and mass members are arranged, the dynamic damper has good vibration isolation performance. .
According to the invention of claim 11 , in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 10 , since the mass member is formed extending in the axial direction of the outer member, it is easy to secure the necessary mass. Become.
According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the annular plate is arranged axially outside of the outer member, so the attachment and detachment of the annular plate are facilitated.
According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first or twelfth aspect, the annular plate is attached to both ends of the mass member in the axial direction of the outer member, so that the mass member Even if the vibration member is separated from the outer member or the vibration member is separated from the outer member, the annular plates at both ends prevent the vibration member from falling.

1 is a perspective view of a rubber bush for a railway vehicle; FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing of the rubber bush for rail vehicles, (A) shows a front, (B) shows a side, (C) shows a plane, respectively. (A) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and (B) is a sectional view taken along the line BB. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a modification of the rubber bushing for railway vehicles that does not use an annular plate; FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification in which the vibrating member and the elastic support member are integrally molded; It is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example in which there is one gap. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the inner member, the mass member, and the vibrating member;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a rubber bush for railway vehicles (hereinafter simply referred to as "rubber bush"), FIG. 2(A) is a front view, FIG. 2(B) is a side view, and FIG. It is a top view.
The rubber bushings 1 here are used as shock absorbers at both ends of a traction link in a traction device that connects a vehicle body and a bogie with a single traction link. The direction of travel of the vehicle is defined, and the upper right is defined as the front. Up and down arrows indicate up and down directions, and arrows from upper left to lower right indicate left and right directions.
The rubber bushing 1 includes a cylindrical outer member 2, a shaft-shaped inner member 3 coaxially arranged inside the outer member 2, and projecting both left and right ends from the outer member 2 in the axial direction, and the outer member 2. It comprises an elastic support member 4 that elastically connects the inner member 3 and the mass members 5 , 5 arranged between the outer member 2 and the inner member 3 . The outer member 2, the inner member 3, and the mass member 5 are made of metal such as carbon steel, and the elastic support member 4 is made of rubber such as natural rubber. The inner member 3 is connected to the central pin on the vehicle body side at one end of the traction link and to the bogie at the other end.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner member 3 includes a center portion 6 having an oval cross section and a pair of parallel flat surfaces 7, 7 located inside the outer member 2 and having a pair of parallel flat surfaces 7, 7 on the upper and lower sides. It is composed of connecting portions 8, 8 having a rectangular cross section and having through-holes 9, 9 that protrude left and right and penetrate front and rear. However, the central portion 6 is formed to be slightly longer in the axial direction than the outer member 2 , and has both left and right ends projecting outward from the outer member 2 .
The elastic support member 4 is adhered to the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 3, and is attached to the upper and lower inner peripheral surfaces facing the flat surfaces 7, 7 of the central portion 6 of the inner member 3. are not adhered, and are thinly adhered above and below the flat surfaces 7,7. Therefore, above and below the elastic support member 4, two gaps 10, 10 are formed at point-symmetrical positions with the center portion 6 of the inner member 3 as the center.
The mass member 5 is a plate-like body having a laterally long rectangular cross section with upper and lower sides parallel to the flat surface 7, and is arranged in the upper and lower gaps 10, 10, respectively. In the upper gap 10, the vibrating member 11 is adhered to the lower surface of the vibration member 11 that is adhered to the upper side of the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2, and is suspended and supported in a non-contact manner with the elastic support member 4. In the lower gap 10, It is adhered to the upper surface of a vibrating member 11 that is adhered to the lower side of the inner peripheral surface of the outer member 2 and is lifted and supported without contact with the elastic support member 4 . The vibration member 11 is made of the same material as the elastic support member 4 .

The mass member 5 is also formed to be slightly longer in the axial direction than the outer member 2 (but shorter than the central portion 6 of the inner member 3), and has both left and right ends protruding outside the outer member 2. Mounting holes 12 penetrating in the left-right direction are formed in the upper, lower, and front-rear central portions.
A pair of annular plates 13 , 13 are attached to both left and right ends of the mass member 5 . The annular plate 13 has a circular outer shape whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer member 2 and whose inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the circular portion of the central portion 6 of the inner member 3. The upper and lower portions of the plate facing the flat surfaces 7, 7 form wide portions 14, 14, which are straight lines parallel to the flat surface 7 and have a large width in the radial direction. Semicircular mounting pieces 15, 15 having small holes 16 overlapping the mounting holes 12, 12 of the mass members 5, 5 in the left-right direction project from the wide portions 14, 14, respectively. there is

Here, bolts 17, 17 are passed through the small holes 16, 16 of the mounting pieces 15, 15 and the mounting holes 12, 12 of the mass members 5, 5 above and below the right annular plate 13, respectively. The left and right annular plates 13, 13 are integrally connected to the upper and lower mass members 5, 5 by fastening nuts 18, 18 to the ends protruding from the small holes 16, 16 of the mounting pieces 15, 15. .
Thus, between the outer member 2 and the inner member 3 is a dynamic damper 20 which elastically supports the upper and lower mass members 5, 5 together with left and right annular plates 13, 13 including bolts 17 and nuts 18 by vibration members 11, 11. It is formed. The natural frequency of the dynamic damper 20 can be set by selecting the thickness, material, etc. of the annular plate 13 .
If the annular plate 13 were connected to only one mass member 5, the annular plate 13 would swing like a pendulum, degrading the function of the dynamic damper. Since it is connected to 5, 5, the amplitude is stabilized, and it is possible to suitably respond to vibration from a certain direction.

In the rubber bushing 1 configured as described above, when the outer member 2 is connected to the end of the traction link and the connecting portions 8 of the inner member 3 are connected to the truck, as described above, the occurrence of the occurrence of vibration on the truck causes Vibration that occurs is damped by the elastic support member 4 . In particular, in the dynamic damper 20, if the natural frequency is set so as to resonate at a specific frequency with respect to the vibration input from the traction link to the inner member 3 in the longitudinal direction, the vibrating member 11 and the mass member 5 in the dynamic damper 20 Vibration from the outer member 2 to the vehicle body side can be insulated by the simultaneous vibration of the outer member 2 and the annular plate 13 . Here, even if the elastic support member 4 is provided with the gaps 10, 10, since the gaps 10, 10 are arranged vertically and do not coincide with the front-rear direction, which is the input direction of the vibration, the gaps 10, 10 do not affect the elastic force. The cushioning function of the support member 4 is not impaired.

As described above, according to the rubber bushing 1 of the above embodiment, the tubular outer member 2, the shaft-shaped inner member 3 arranged inside the outer member 2, and the outer member 2 and the inner member 3 are connected to each other. In addition, an elastic support member 4 having gaps 10, 10 at two locations above and below the outer member 2 in the circumferential direction, and a mass member 5 arranged in the gaps 10, 10 of the elastic support member 4 and constituting a dynamic damper 20. and , the dynamic damper 20 can be installed in a space-saving manner without degrading the original functions of elastic support, traction, and cushioning.

In particular, since the inner member 3 is arranged coaxially with the outer member 2 here, the elastic support members 4 are evenly arranged in all directions except for the gap 10, so that even if the input direction of force or vibration changes, the elastic support member 4 will remain elastic. There is no bias in the support function, buffer function, etc.
In addition, since the gap 10 is arranged in a direction other than the direction in which the load is input when mounted on the railway vehicle, the provision of the gap 10 does not impair the elastic support function, the cushioning function, and the like.
Furthermore, since the gap 10 penetrates through the outer member 2 in the axial direction, the gap 10 can be widened, and the degree of freedom in designing the shape of the mass member 5 is increased. can be done

On the other hand, since the mass member 5 is fixed to the outer member 2 via the vibrating member 11, the dynamic damper 20 can be compactly formed within the space 10. As shown in FIG.
Moreover, since the vibration member 11 is made of the same material as the elastic support member 4, the rubber bush 1 can be manufactured at low cost.
Furthermore, since a plurality of gaps 10 and mass members 5 (here, two at point-symmetrical positions about the inner member 3) are arranged, the dynamic damper 20 has good vibration isolation performance.
In addition, since the mass member 5 is formed so as to extend in the axial direction of the outer member 2, it becomes easy to secure the necessary mass.

Since the annular plate 13 positioned coaxially with the outer member 2 is attached to the mass member 5, the corresponding natural frequency can be easily adjusted by selecting the mass and shape of the annular plate 13. .
Further, since the annular plate 13 is arranged on the outer side in the axial direction of the outer member 2, the attachment and detachment of the annular plate 13 are facilitated.
Furthermore, since the annular plates 13 are attached to both ends of the mass member 5 in the axial direction of the outer member 2, the mass member 5 may separate from the vibrating member 11 or the vibrating member 11 may separate from the outer member 2. Even if it falls, it is prevented from falling by the annular plates 13, 13 at both ends.
In addition, since the surfaces of the inner member 3 and the mass member 5 facing each other are flat surfaces 7, the space for disposing the mass member 5 can be secured by widening the gap 10. FIG.

It should be noted that the annular plate is not limited to the form described above, and the thickness may be changed or the number of attached plates may be increased. The outer shape is not limited to a circular shape, and oval, elliptical, and polygonal shapes can also be used. The outer diameter of the annular plate may be larger than or equal to the inner diameter of the outer member. Moreover, the annular plate is not limited to a loop shape that is not divided over the entire circumference, and may be a C-shape that is partially divided.
Furthermore, the annular plate can be arranged axially inward of the outer member so that it can fit axially inwardly of the outer member depending on the lateral length of the elastic support member. Annular plates with different masses and shapes can be attached separately on the left and right sides.
In addition, the configuration is not limited to the above-described configuration in which a pair of annular plates are provided on both the left and right ends, and may be attached to either the left or the right. The mounting structure of the annular plate may also be made so that the right and left plates can be attached and detached separately by screwing different bolts into the mass members instead of using one bolt. In such a case, the mounting hole of the mass member may be a bottomed screw hole or the like instead of penetrating.

However, the annular plate is not essential in the rubber bush, and the dynamic dampers 20A, 20A can be configured only with the upper and lower mass members 5, 5 and the vibration members 11, 11, like the rubber bush 1A shown in FIG. In this case, the mounting hole 12 of each mass member 5 may be omitted, or another block-shaped or plate-shaped mass member having a different mass may be detachably attached using the mounting hole.

On the other hand, the manner in which the mass members are arranged in the gap is not limited to the above-described manner. can be If the vibrating member 11 is shaped so as to be partially connected to the elastic support member 4 in this manner, the manufacturing process can be rationalized, and the manufacturing can be completed in a short time. In this case as well, the same modifications as in the previous embodiment, such as changing the shape of the annular plate 13 or omitting it, are possible.
Conversely, the vibrating member may be molded with a material different from that of the elastic support member. It is also possible to form the vibrating member not only with rubber but also with a coil spring or the like.
Furthermore, the number of gaps is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the number may be increased or the length in the circumferential direction may be increased as long as the load input direction is different. As in the rubber bushing 1C shown in FIG. 6, only one air gap 10 may be provided, and the dynamic damper 20B may be composed of one mass member 5 and vibration member 11 disposed in the air gap 10. .
In addition, if the gap can be widened, the opposing surfaces of the inner member and the mass member may not be flat, but the cross section of the inner member may be circular. The cross-sectional shape of the mass member can also be appropriately changed to a square, a circle, an oval, an ellipse, a polygon, etc., in addition to the rectangular shape.
Moreover, the mass member is not limited to the above-described form in which it is longer in the axial direction than the outer member, and may be shorter in the axial direction than the outer member or may have the same length in the axial direction as the outer member.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the shapes of the inner member, the mass member, and the vibrating member are changed. In this rubber bushing 1D, the front and rear surfaces of the inner member 3 are flat surfaces, and the upper and lower surfaces of the central portion 6 are provided with an axial direction. are formed with recesses 30, 30 each having a semi-circular cross-section extending to the . In addition, on the surfaces of the upper and lower mass members 5, 5 facing the recesses 30, 30, projections 31, 31 with a semicircular cross section are formed, respectively. On the other hand, the gaps 10, 10 are formed in a widening shape so that the width in the circumferential direction increases toward the radially outer side of the outer member 2, and the vibrating members 11, 11 are similarly formed radially outward of the outer member 2. It is formed in a widening shape so that the width in the circumferential direction increases as it goes to the bottom.
If the concave portion 30 is provided on the inner member 3 side and the convex portion 31 that protrudes toward the concave portion 30 side is provided on the mass member 5 in this manner, a large shape of the mass member 5 in the gap portion 10 can be ensured. Since the vibrating member 11 also has a wider width on the outer member 2 side, a large bonding area can be ensured.
In this modified example, the number of gaps may be increased or decreased, and the shapes of the concave portions and the convex portions may be changed. The vertical and front-to-rear dimensions in the cross-sectional shape of the inner member may be the same, or one of them may be longer than the other. The front and rear surfaces of the inner member may be semicircular as in the previous embodiment. Of course, an annular plate may be connected to the mass member.

In addition, in each example, it is natural that the position of the gap is changed to a position different from the input direction according to the input direction of the load.
The inner member is not limited to an axial shape, and may be a cylindrical shape connected along the entire circumference, a combination of a plurality of members having a semicircular or arcuate cross section, or a C-shaped cross section member. It is good also as a cylindrical shape by which the part of the circumferential direction was partly divided by using it.
Even a structure in which the axes of the outer member and the inner member are slightly deviated from each other is permissible as long as the required cushioning function is obtained. The inner member may be arranged largely eccentrically with respect to the axis of the outer member.
Further, the inner member is not limited to the above-described mode in which both ends of the inner member protrude from the outer member, and the inner member may be axially shorter than the outer member, or may have the same length. In this case, the inner member may be cylindrical and another shaft member may be inserted inside.
Also, the installation position of the rubber bush is not limited to the case where it is used for one traction link. It is also possible to

1, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D...Railway vehicle rubber bush, 2.Outer member, 3.Inner member, 4.Elastic support member, 5.Mass member, 6.Center part, 7. Flat surface 8 Connecting portion 10 Gap 11 Vibration member 12 Mounting hole 13 Annular plate 17 Bolt 18 Nut 20, 20A, 20B・Dynamic damper.

Claims (13)

a cylindrical outer member;
a cylindrical or shaft-shaped inner member disposed inside the outer member;
an elastic support member connecting the outer member and the inner member to each other and having a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member;
a mass member disposed in the gap of the elastic support member and constituting a dynamic damper;
comprising
A rubber bush for a railway vehicle , wherein an annular plate positioned coaxially with the outer member is attached to the mass member . a cylindrical outer member;
a cylindrical or shaft-shaped inner member disposed inside the outer member;
an elastic support member connecting the outer member and the inner member to each other and having a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member;
a mass member disposed in the gap of the elastic support member and constituting a dynamic damper;
comprising
A rubber bush for a railway vehicle , wherein the surfaces of the inner member and the mass member facing each other are flat surfaces . a cylindrical outer member;
a cylindrical or shaft-shaped inner member disposed inside the outer member;
an elastic support member connecting the outer member and the inner member to each other and having a gap in at least one location in the circumferential direction of the outer member;
a mass member disposed in the gap of the elastic support member and constituting a dynamic damper;
comprising
A concave portion is formed on a surface of the inner member facing the mass member, and a convex portion protruding toward the concave portion is formed on a surface of the mass member facing the inner member. Rubber bushings for railway vehicles. 4. The rubber bushing for railway vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the inner member is arranged substantially coaxially with the outer member. 5. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the gap is arranged in a direction other than a direction in which a load is applied when the rubber bushing is attached to the railway vehicle. 6. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the gap penetrates through the outer member in the axial direction. 7. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said mass member is fixed to said outer member via a vibrating member. 8. The rubber bushing for railway vehicle according to claim 7 , wherein the vibration member is made of the same material as the elastic support member. 9. The rubber bush for railway vehicles according to claim 8 , wherein the vibration member is partially connected to the elastic support member. 10. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein a plurality of said gaps and said mass members are arranged. 11. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said mass member is formed to extend in the axial direction of said outer member. 2. The rubber bushing for railway vehicles according to claim 1 , wherein the annular plate is arranged axially outside of the outer member. 13. The rubber bushing for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the annular plates are attached to both ends of the mass member in the axial direction of the outer member.

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