JP7170408B2 - spherical roller bearing - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to self-aligning roller bearings suitable for use in rotary supports of elevator hoisting machines.

The rotation support part of the elevator hoisting machine absorbs the deflection of the shaft and housing because the weight of the elevator car itself and the weight of the material to be carried on the car are loaded, and the shaft and housing tend to flex. Possible self-aligning roller bearings are often used.

A general self-aligning roller bearing includes an outer ring having a spherically recessed raceway surface on the inner diameter surface, an inner ring having a spherically recessed raceway surface facing the raceway surface of the outer ring on the outer diameter surface, and A plurality of rollers arranged between the opposing raceway surfaces of an outer ring and an inner ring and having rolling surfaces that swell in a spherical shape, and a retainer that retains the rollers so that they can roll.
The raceway surfaces of the inner and outer rings are recessed spherically, and the rollers are spherically bulged to form a complementary shape. , which absorbs deflection.

Among conventional self-aligning roller bearings of this type, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, those using a so-called comb-shaped cage as a cage or a press-type squirrel-cage cage are known.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-132320 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2015-218781

However, conventional self-aligning roller bearings of this type have problems with contact noise caused by collisions or sliding between the cage and other parts, namely rollers, bearing rings, and guide rings, or collisions or sliding between cages. can be

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to reduce the contact noise caused by the contact of the retainer with the rollers and bearing rings in a self-aligning roller bearing.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention includes an outer ring having a spherically recessed raceway surface on the inner diameter surface, and a spherically recessed raceway surface facing the raceway surface of the outer ring on the outer diameter surface. an inner ring having two rows of raceway surfaces in the width direction; a plurality of rollers arranged in two rows between the raceway surfaces of the inner ring facing the raceway surface of the outer ring and having rolling surfaces that bulge in a spherical shape; a single annular portion installed between the inner diameter surface of the outer ring and the outer diameter surface of the inner ring and positioned between the rows of the rollers forming the two rows; and a plurality of columns extending from and parallel to each other in the circumferential direction of the annular portion, and a retainer configured to hold the rollers between the columns adjacent in the circumferential direction so as to be able to roll by means of rolling element guides. I did.
Here, that the cage is guided by rolling elements means that the cage contacts only the rollers and is rotationally guided by the rollers.

By adopting a rolling element guide instead of a race guide for the cage, the cage does not come into contact with parts other than the rollers. contact sound does not occur. In addition, since the rolling element-guided retainer can suppress the behavior of the rollers in the non-loaded region, contact noise can be further reduced.
In addition, since the comb-shaped cage can be designed with a wider pocket inner surface shape than a press-type cage cage, the behavior of the rollers and, in turn, the behavior of the rolling-element-guided cage itself is suppressed. be able to. The comb type cage can be assembled by inserting the rollers into the pockets in the axial direction. This is because there is no need to open the pocket wide, and the shape of the inner surface of the pocket can be designed to be wide. Further, by widening the inner surface shape of the pocket, the amount of lubricant interposed between the roller and the pocket is increased, and there is also the advantage that the damper effect of the lubricant is improved.
Since a single cage holds two rows of rollers, the cages do not come into contact with each other compared to the case where two cages are used to hold the rollers in each row, reducing contact noise. can be further reduced.
That is, by combining a comb-shaped cage that can widen the inner shape of the pocket, a single cage that holds two rows of rollers, and a cage that guides the rolling elements, A self-aligning roller bearing that minimizes contact noise can be provided.

In the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention, the inner surface shape of the pocket of the cage is a concave surface shape straddling the roller pitch circle diameter along the outer diameter surface of the roller, and the pocket and the maximum diameter Dw of the roller 0.01×Dw≦C≦0.02×Dw for the minimum clearance C of .
When the relationship between the minimum clearance C and the rotation noise of the self-aligning roller bearing (22218 type) was confirmed in a bench test, the rotation noise was smaller as the minimum clearance C was smaller, and the rotation noise was C = 0.014 x Dw. showed a 10% improvement over C=0.024×Dw and a 26% improvement over C=0.040×Dw. That is, the smaller the minimum clearance C, the smaller the rotational noise of the self-aligning roller bearing, but an excessively small clearance hinders the smooth rotation of the rollers. By setting the range to 02×Dw, it is possible to achieve both smooth rotation of the bearing and reduction of rotation noise at a high level.

In the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention, the retainer restrains the rollers on its outer diameter side when the load area is on the lower side in the direction of gravity, and when the load area is on the upper side in the direction opposite to gravity. Therefore, it is preferable to constrain the rollers on the inner diameter side thereof.
With this configuration, the cage further suppresses the behavior of the rollers in the non-loaded region, so that the contact noise can be further reduced.

Preferably, the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention further includes a seal member for sealing the bearing space formed between the inner ring and the outer ring.
With this arrangement, the contact noise generated inside the bearing is prevented from leaking to the outside of the bearing by the seal member, so that the diffusion of the contact noise is suppressed.

In the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention, it is preferable that the seal member has a core metal and a soundproof sheet attached to the core metal.
With this configuration, the soundproof sheet blocks or absorbs the contact sound, further suppressing the diffusion of the contact sound.

Preferably, the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention further comprises grease sealed in the bearing space, and this grease occupies 60 to 80% (volume ratio) of the static space volume in the bearing space.
When the amount of grease enclosed is 60% or more of the volume of the stationary space in the bearing space, the grease exerts a good damper effect, and contact noise can be further reduced. If the amount of grease enclosed is 80% or less of the volume of the static space in the bearing space, the churning noise of the grease can be reduced.

The self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention preferably employs a configuration in which no part other than a retainer is provided between the two rows of rollers.
By doing so, it is possible to reliably prevent the cage from coming into contact with the inner flange of the inner ring and the guide ring and generating contact noise.

In the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention, a configuration in which the retainer is made of resin can be adopted.
By doing so, the contact noise when the cage comes into contact with the rollers and bearing rings is further reduced compared to when the cage is made of metal.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention is suitably used for the rotary support portion of an elevator hoist, which requires reduction of harsh collision noise.

Since the self-aligning roller bearing according to the invention is constructed as described above, it is possible to reduce the contact noise caused by the contact of the cage with the rollers and bearing rings.

Sectional view of the self-aligning roller bearing of the first embodiment (a) is a plan view of the retainer of the self-aligning roller bearing of the first embodiment, and (b) is an arrow cross-sectional view of (a). Partially enlarged sectional view of the self-aligning roller bearing of the second embodiment

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A self-aligning roller bearing 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes an outer ring 11, an inner ring 12, a plurality of rollers 13, and a retainer 14, and is suitably used for an elevator hoist. , and the contact noise during rotation is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 1, the outer ring 11 has a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, and a single raceway surface 11a is formed on its inner diameter surface. The raceway surface 11a is entirely spherically recessed.
A radially penetrating oil hole 11b is formed in the center of the outer ring 11 in the width direction, and lubricating oil can be supplied to the inside of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 through this oil hole 11b.
The outer ring 11 is not provided with a flange.
The outer ring 11 is attached, for example, to the housing of an elevator hoist.
The material of the outer ring 11 is not particularly limited, but metal can be exemplified.

As shown in FIG. 1, the inner ring 12 has a substantially cylindrical shape as a whole, has a diameter smaller than that of the outer ring 11, and is arranged coaxially with the outer ring 11. As shown in FIG.
A raceway surface 12 a is formed on the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 12 . The raceway surfaces 12a are formed in two rows in the width direction of the inner ring 12, and each row is entirely spherically recessed.
A pair of flanges 12b projecting in the outer diameter direction are provided at both ends in the width direction of the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 12 to prevent the rollers 13 from coming off. A recess is provided at the base of the flange 12b at the boundary with the raceway surface 12a to prevent interference with the rollers 13. As shown in FIG. No middle flange is provided on the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 12 at the boundary between the two rows of raceway surfaces 12a.
The inner ring 12 is mounted, for example, on a shaft supporting the sheave of an elevator hoist.
The material of the inner ring 12 is not particularly limited, but metal can be exemplified.

As shown in FIG. 1, each roller 13 has a barrel shape as a whole, and its rolling surface is swollen in a spherical shape.
The rollers 13 are positioned between the raceway surface 11 a of the outer ring 11 and the raceway surface 12 a of the inner ring 12 , and are arranged in two rows in the width direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 corresponding to the two rows of raceway surfaces 12 a of the inner ring 12 . are placed in Further, the rollers 13 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 at regular intervals.
The material of the rollers 13 is not particularly limited, but metal can be exemplified.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the retainer 14 has a single annular portion 14a and a plurality of pillars 14b, and is incorporated between the inner diameter surface of the outer ring 11 and the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 12. .
The substantially annular annular portion 14 a is arranged between the rows of the rollers 13 forming two rows and faces the boundary between the two rows of raceway surfaces 12 a of the inner ring 12 .
Each substantially prismatic column portion 14 b extends from the annular portion 14 a in both directions in the width direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 and reaches above each row of the two rows of rollers 13 .
The column portions 14b are arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 . Further, as shown in FIG. 2, of the two rows of rollers 13, the columnar portions 14b located on one row and the columnar portions 14b located on the other row have phases in the circumferential direction of the annular portion 14a. arranged in a staggered manner. That is, when viewed from the annular portion 14a, the column portions 14b on one side in the width direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 and the column portions 14b on the other side are alternately arranged.
The tip of the column portion 14b of the retainer 14, that is, the end opposite to the end connected to the annular portion 14a, is a free end that is not connected to other members or the like. The free end terminates on the raceway surface 12a of the inner ring 12 and does not reach the flange 12b of the inner ring 12. As shown in FIG.

A space serving as a pocket is formed between the pillars 14b adjacent in the circumferential direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10, and each roller 13 is held in each pocket P so as to be able to roll.
The shape of the inner surface of the pocket P (the shape of the facing surface of the column portion 14b facing the retainer 14 in the circumferential direction) is a concave shape extending over the roller pitch circle diameter along the outer diameter surface of the roller 13 held in the pocket P. ing. As shown in FIG. 2(b), the concave shape in this embodiment is composed of a partial conical surface 14d for receiving the small diameter side of the roller 13 and a partial cylindrical surface 14c for receiving the maximum diameter of the roller 13. 14c forms the minimum clearance with the maximum diameter of roller 13.
As described above, the columns 14b on one side in the width direction of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 and the columns 14b on the other side are arranged alternately when viewed from the annular portion 14a. The load applied from the rollers 13 to the annular portion 14a and the load applied from the rollers 13 of the other row to the annular portion 14a are dispersed in the circumferential direction of the annular portion 14a, thereby preventing concentration of the loads.

Here, the diameter of the pocket P of the retainer 14 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the pocket P of a conventional general comb-shaped retainer, that is, the gap between the retainer 14 and the rollers 13 is set smaller. Specifically, when the maximum diameter of the roller 13 is Dw and the minimum clearance is C, 0.01×Dw≦C≦0.02×Dw is established.
Moreover, both the annular portion 14a and the column portion 14b of the retainer 14 are in contact only with the rollers 13 in the stationary state, and are not in contact with the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12. As shown in FIG. As a result, the retainer 14 is rotationally guided (rolling element guided) by the rollers 13 without being rotationally guided (raceway ring guided) by the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 . Since the inner ring 12 does not have a middle collar, the cage 14 and the middle collar do not come into contact with each other. By doing so, rolling element guidance may be realized.

The retainer 14 is entirely made of high-strength brass.
A manufacturing method of the retainer 14 is not particularly limited, but shaving (machining) can be exemplified.

The configuration of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 of the embodiment is as described above. The generation of contact noise due to contact is prevented. Since the inner ring 12 does not have a middle flange, the generation of contact noise due to contact with the middle flange of the retainer 14 is prevented. As compared with the case where the retainer 14 is guided by the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12, the contact noise as a whole is reduced because the sliding contact area is reduced.

Since the single cage 14 holds the rollers 13 in two rows, compared to the case where two cages are incorporated in a self-aligning roller bearing to hold the rollers 13 in each row, The contact noise is reduced by the amount that the contact noise does not occur.
Since the single retainer 14 consisting of the annular portion 14a and the pillars 14b extending on both sides of the annular portion 14a is used under the constraint of the space between the rows of the rollers 13, the rollers of each row are individually held. The thickness of the annular portion 14a is increased compared to the case where a pair of retainers consisting of an annular portion and a column portion extending only on one side of the annular portion are assembled back-to-back between rows of rollers. be able to. As a result, even if the material of the retainer 14 is inferior in strength, the strength of the annular portion 14a is such that it is unlikely to be damaged under the conditions normally assumed for the rotation support portion of the elevator hoisting machine. can do.
The pocket diameter of the retainer 14 is set to be smaller than the conventional one, and the gap between the pocket P and the roller 13 is minimized. The posture of the rollers 13 and, in turn, the posture of the retainer 14 are stabilized, abnormal contact does not occur, and contact noise is further reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a self-aligning roller bearing 10 according to a second embodiment.
A self-aligning roller bearing 10 of the second embodiment has an outer ring 11, an inner ring 12, rollers 13 and a retainer 14 which are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment. The configuration differs from that of the first embodiment in that the

As shown in FIG. 3, each seal member 15 has an annular core 15a, an annular elastic portion 15b covering the outer surface of the core 15a, and a soundproof sheet 15c attached to the inner surface of the core 15a. .
A fitting portion is provided at the outer end in the radial direction of the seal member 15 , and this fitting portion is fitted into a seal groove 11 c formed at both ends of the inner diameter surface of the outer ring 11 in the width direction.
A lip consisting of an elastic portion 15b is provided at the radially inner end of the seal member 15, and this lip is in contact with the flange 12b at both ends in the width direction of the outer diameter surface of the inner ring 12. .
Thereby, the bearing space of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 formed between the outer ring 11 and the inner ring 12 is sealed.
Since the bearing space of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 is sealed with the seal member 15, the contact noise generated by the contact of the cage 14 and the rollers 13 is suppressed from diffusing to the outside of the self-aligning roller bearing 10. It is Therefore, it is difficult for passengers in an elevator, for example, to hear the contact noise.

As shown in FIG. 3, the inner surface of the metal core 15a is not covered with the elastic portion 15b, and the soundproof sheet 15c is attached by appropriate means such as pasting.
Further, the thickness of the cored bar 15a is formed to be larger than the thickness of the cored bar in a general sealing member.
The diffusion of the contact noise to the outside of the self-aligning roller bearing 10 is further suppressed by the soundproofing or sound-absorbing effect of the soundproof sheet 15c and the soundproofing effect of the thick metal core 15a.
Although the material, type, etc. of the soundproof sheet 15c are not particularly limited, nitrile rubber, woven fabric or non-woven fabric of polyester fiber or polyethylene fiber, a plurality of laminates thereof, or a laminate having an inorganic layer laminated on both or one side thereof. can be exemplified. A material having a large surface density and a large thickness is preferable as a material capable of exhibiting a significant soundproofing or soundabsorbing effect. A soundproof sheet 15c having both a soundproof effect and a soundproof effect can be obtained by laminating a sheet having a soundproof and soundproof effect and a sheet having a soundabsorbing effect.
The material of the cored bar 15a and the elastic portion 15b is not particularly limited, and the same material as a general seal member is used.

Further, the self-aligning roller bearing 10 of the second embodiment has grease (not shown) sealed in its bearing space to enhance lubricity.
The amount of grease enclosed is 60 to 80% (volume ratio) of the volume of the static space in the bearing space (the volume of the space where the grease can stand still), and the damper effect of the grease further reduces the contact noise. there is
If the amount of grease enclosed is less than 60% of the volume of the static space in the bearing space, a significant damper effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 80% of the volume of the static space, the grease churning noise when the spherical roller bearing 10 rotates. becomes larger.
In addition, compared to cage-type cages that have side plates near both end faces of the bearing, comb-shaped cages facilitate the filling and holding of grease on the inner diameter side of the cage, and can improve the damping effect of grease. .
The types of base oil, thickener, additive, etc. contained in the grease are not particularly limited.

The embodiments disclosed this time are illustrative in all respects and are not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims, and includes all modifications and variations within the scope of the claims and equivalents thereof.

In the second embodiment, in the sealing member 15, the soundproof sheet 15c is mounted on the inner surface of the core metal 15a, but the manner of mounting is not limited to this, and may be mounted on both the inner and outer surfaces of the core metal 15a. Alternatively, the soundproof sheet 15c may be attached to the metal core 15a and covered with the elastic portion 15b, or the elastic portion 15b may be interposed between the metal core 15a and the soundproof sheet 15c.

The retainer 14 may be configured to constrain the rollers 13 on its outer diameter side or may be configured to constrain the rollers 13 on its inner diameter side. Therefore, it is preferable to constrain the rollers 13 on the outer diameter side, and to constrain the rollers 13 on the inner diameter side when the load application area is on the upper side in the direction opposite to the gravity.
With this arrangement, the cage further suppresses the behavior of the rollers in the non-loaded region, further reducing contact noise. Note that such restraint may be performed by forming a pawl or a tapered surface on the inner surface of the pocket.

In the first and second embodiments, the retainer 14 is made of high-strength brass, but the material of the retainer is not limited to this, and can be made of metal or resin other than high-strength brass.
When the retainer is made of resin, the contact noise when the rollers contact the bearing ring is small, so it is possible to further reduce the contact noise. In addition, since resin is generally lighter than metal, the weight of the entire self-aligning roller bearing can be reduced by making the retainer made of resin.
Although the type of resin is not particularly limited, polyamide resin, polyether ether ketone resin, and polyphenylene sulfide resin can be exemplified as those having excellent durability.
The shape of the retainer 14 is also not limited to the embodiment.

10 Self-aligning roller bearing 11 of the embodiment Outer ring 11a Raceway surface 11b Oil hole 11c Seal groove 12 Inner ring 12a Raceway surface 12b Collar 13 Roller 14 Cage 14a Annular portion 14b Column portion 14c Partially cylindrical surface 14d Partially conical surface 15 Sealing member 15a Metal core 15b Elastic portion 15c Soundproof sheet P Pocket

Claims (8)

an outer ring having a spherically recessed raceway surface on the inner diameter surface;
an inner ring having, on its outer diameter surface, two rows of spherically recessed raceway surfaces facing the raceway surface of the outer ring in the width direction;
a plurality of rollers arranged in two rows between the raceway surfaces of the inner ring facing the raceway surface of the outer ring and having rolling surfaces that bulge in a spherical shape;
a single annular portion installed between the inner diameter surface of the outer ring and the outer diameter surface of the inner ring and positioned between the rows of the rollers forming the two rows; and a plurality of pillars extending from and parallel to each other in the circumferential direction of the annular portion, and a retainer that holds the rollers between the pillars adjacent in the circumferential direction so as to be able to roll by means of rolling element guides. a core roller bearing,
The inner surface shape of the pocket of the retainer is a concave surface shape straddling the roller pitch circle diameter along the outer diameter surface of the roller supported by the pocket, and a partial cylindrical surface that receives the maximum diameter of the roller. and the minimum clearance C between the maximum diameter Dw of the roller and the maximum diameter Dw of the roller with the partial cylindrical surface satisfies 0.01×Dw≦C≦0.02×Dw and
The cage is used when the load bearing area of the radial load on the self-aligning roller bearing is on the lower side in the direction of gravity, and the retainer restrains the rollers on its outer diameter side to suppress the behavior of the rollers. Formed spherical roller bearing. an outer ring having a spherically recessed raceway surface on the inner diameter surface;
an inner ring having, on its outer diameter surface, two rows of spherically recessed raceway surfaces facing the raceway surface of the outer ring in the width direction;
a plurality of rollers arranged in two rows between the raceway surfaces of the inner ring facing the raceway surface of the outer ring and having rolling surfaces that bulge in a spherical shape;
a single annular portion installed between the inner diameter surface of the outer ring and the outer diameter surface of the inner ring and positioned between the rows of the rollers forming the two rows; and a plurality of pillars extending from and parallel to each other in the circumferential direction of the annular portion, and a retainer that holds the rollers between the pillars adjacent in the circumferential direction so as to be able to roll by means of rolling element guides. a core roller bearing,
The inner surface shape of the pocket of the retainer is a concave surface shape straddling the roller pitch circle diameter along the outer diameter surface of the roller supported by the pocket, and a partial cylindrical surface that receives the maximum diameter of the roller. and the minimum clearance C between the maximum diameter Dw of the roller and the maximum diameter Dw of the roller with the partial cylindrical surface satisfies 0.01×Dw≦C≦0.02×Dw and
The cage is used when the load bearing area of the radial load on the self-aligning roller bearing is the upper side in the direction opposite to gravity, and the retainer restrains the rollers on the inner diameter side thereof to suppress the behavior of the rollers. Formed spherical roller bearing. A sealing member is further provided for sealing a bearing space formed between the inner ring and the outer ring.
A self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2 . 4. The self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 3, wherein the seal member has a core metal and a soundproof sheet attached to the core metal. Further comprising grease enclosed in the bearing space,
This grease occupies 60 to 80% (volume ratio) of the static space volume in the bearing space
A self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 3 or 4 . 6. The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, having no parts other than a retainer between the two rows of rollers.
A self-aligning roller bearing according to any one of the preceding claims. The self-aligning roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the retainer is made of resin. 8. A self-aligning roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is for a rotary support of an elevator hoist.

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