JP7166537B2 - Waterproof construction method for bridges and structure of waterproof layer - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a waterproofing method for a bridge paved with asphalt, and a structure of a waterproofing layer formed by the waterproofing method.

Conventionally, when paving a floor slab of a bridge, a waterproof layer is constructed on the surface of the floor slab prior to paving, and then paving is performed. A typical floor slab waterproof layer is composed of a primer layer, an adhesive layer between the floor slab and the waterproof layer, a waterproof layer, and an adhesive layer between the waterproof layer and the pavement. In the case of steel floor slabs, this prevents the surface of the floor slab from rusting and corroding due to permeation of rainwater, etc. To prevent rusting and corrosion of reinforcing bars, etc. in floor slabs embedded for the purpose of reinforcement, etc., through fine cracks in the floor.

Floor slab waterproof materials that make up the waterproof layer include sheet-based waterproof materials (flush pasting type, heat welding type, room temperature adhesive type), coating waterproof materials (asphalt heating type, rubber solvent type, reaction resin type), etc. , these waterproof materials are used in a single layer or laminated.
However, in the case of a sheet-based waterproofing material, air is entrapped to adhere to the concrete floor slab, and when the asphalt pavement is paved, the air causes poor adhesion, resulting in peeling and swelling. In addition, with the conventional coating film-based waterproofing material, if silica sand No. 4 (particle size: 0.2 to 1.2 mm) is sprayed after applying the waterproofing material, the coating film will break and cause pinholes. In the conventional waterproof layer structure shown in FIG. 5, silica sand S is put under the asphalt coating layer A, and the waterproof layer X is provided under it. In the case of such a waterproof layer structure, it has been pointed out that the aggregate used in the pavement breaks through the waterproof layer due to the rolling compaction of the pavement, forming pinholes that induce cracks and impair the waterproofness. Furthermore, in the case of a coating waterproof material, particularly when using a two-liquid type material (urethane, acrylic resin), there is a drawback that it takes time to dry and is affected by the weather.
If the adhesiveness of the material forming the adhesive layer between the floor slab and the waterproof layer is poor, the material tends to separate from the concrete.

Various inventions and devices have been proposed as waterproofing methods for bridges and structures of waterproof layers formed by the waterproofing methods.
In the technique described in Patent Document 1, an adhesive such as a urethane resin is thinly applied on a resin coating film waterproof layer (urethane waterproof layer) containing a urethane resin, and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) is applied. Coalescence) type thermoplastic resin sheet is spread over. A floor slab waterproof structure using a urethane-based waterproof layer is constructed by sequentially laminating a primer resin layer, a urethane-based waterproof layer, a urethane resin adhesive layer, and an EVA-based thermoplastic resin sheet. After forming a primer resin layer and a urethane-based waterproof layer, the floor slab waterproof structure with such a structure mixes the main agent/curing agent (isocyanate/polyol) of the urethane resin adhesive at the construction site, and then applies it with a roller brush or the like. Apply thinly and evenly with , and spread the thermoplastic resin sheet evenly.

Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses a thermoplastic resin fiber sheet, which is a woven fabric or nonwoven fabric containing a thermoplastic resin having a softening point of 110 ° C. or higher, as a floor slab waterproof member provided between a floor slab and an asphalt pavement. and a thermoplastic resin sheet containing a thermoplastic resin having a softening point of 150° C. or lower are laminated and integrated. By using such a floor slab waterproof member, it is possible to construct a floor slab waterproof structure in a short time.

Japanese Patent No. 3956757 JP 2014-163189 A

However, in the floor slab waterproof structure shown in Patent Document 1, it takes about one hour in winter to cure the primer resin layer, and it takes two to three hours or more to cure the urethane resin adhesive. spend. In addition, the construction method of such a floor slab waterproof structure has a problem that the number of steps is large and the hardening and curing of the adhesive and the like require a long time. Furthermore, the pavement of road bridges in service and the repair work of the waterproof layer generally need to be carried out within a short road regulation time (8 to 10 hours at night), but the floor slab waterproof structure shown in Patent Document 1 Since the construction takes too much time, it is not suitable for repair work that should be done in such a short time.

Further, in the floor slab waterproof structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, although it is possible to perform construction in a short time, when silica sand and aggregates are sprayed, the silica sand and aggregates become the coating film of the floor slab waterproof member. cannot solve the problem of breaking

In order to solve the above-described drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a waterproofing construction method for bridges and a structure of a waterproofing layer that are excellent in strength, resistant to peeling, and can be constructed in a short time. do.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a waterproofing member for a bridge floor slab, which is provided between a floor slab and an asphalt pavement, and is made of a hot-melt material having excellent adhesiveness and elasticity. It is characterized in that the sheet and the network body are laminated and integrated. The network structure may be a non-woven fabric with reinforcing fibers attached thereto, or a cloth sheet with a fine basis weight of the reinforcing fibers. The waterproof sheet is preferably made of asphalt, naphtha fraction, styrene-butadiene copolymer, ethylene-butadiene copolymer, vulcanized rubber powder, polyester fiber, or the like.

Further, the present invention provides a floor slab waterproof structure provided on a bridge deck, comprising the above-described bridge deck waterproof member formed on the floor slab, and further on the floor slab waterproof member. It is characterized by layering a waterproof sheet and a network structure made of a hot-melt material with excellent adhesiveness and elasticity.

Furthermore, a method for constructing a floor slab waterproof structure provided on a bridge slab, comprising a step of heating and melting a hot-melt material having excellent adhesiveness and elasticity and then coating or spraying it on the floor slab; and a step of attaching, to the layer, a net-like structure in which net-like reinforcing fibers are attached to a nonwoven fabric, or a net-like structure which is a cloth-like sheet in which the net-like reinforcing fibers are finely woven.

According to the present invention, the structure of the waterproof layer is excellent in strength and difficult to peel off, and the waterproof construction method for bridges can be constructed in a short time.

1 is a diagram showing the structure of a waterproof layer for a bridge according to the present invention; FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the network structure which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example of a network structure according to the present invention; It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the waterproofing construction method for bridges which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the conventional waterproof layer for bridges.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. In each figure, the same parts are denoted by the same numbers, and overlapping descriptions are omitted. Also, it should be noted that the drawings may be exaggerated for better understanding of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the examples shown below.

Embodiment 1 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Please refer to FIG.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a bridge waterproof layer 10 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof layer 100 for bridge slabs is formed by applying an asphalt primer P to the surface of a concrete slab C, and then applying a waterproof layer 10 comprising a waterproof sheet 1 and a network structure 2 and an adhesive layer. B, with pavement layer C;

The waterproof sheet 1 is made of hot-melt resin having excellent adhesiveness and elasticity. Examples of heat-melting resins include ethylene/ethyl acrylate copolymers and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymers. For example, asphalt, naphtha fraction, styrene-butadiene copolymer, ethylene-butadiene copolymer, vulcanized rubber powder, polyester fiber, and the like may be used. The procedure of the waterproofing construction method for bridges will be described later, but the hot-melt resin, which is the material of the waterproof sheet 1, is not directly heated, but is indirectly heated and melted to a temperature of 210 ° C. by heating the oil in a heating double boiler. do. The heat-melted hot-melt resin is transferred to another coating machine and uniformly coated to a thickness of 1.5 to 2 mm to form the waterproof sheet 1 . After applying the waterproof sheet 1, a network structure 2 made of reinforcing fibers is attached to the surface. At this time, it is preferable to lightly press with a roller or the like.

See FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the network structure 2 according to the present invention. The net-like structure 2 is preferably a net-like structure in which fibrous linear bodies having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm made of glass, metal, or resin are appropriately combined. In FIG. 2, the linear bodies are combined and knitted at intervals of 0.01 mm to 10 mm so as to be perpendicular to each other. The knitting is not particularly limited but may be selected from orthogonal lamination, zigzag configuration, or the like. Note that the network structure 2 may be a cloth-like sheet obtained by finely dividing the filamentous body.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the net-like structure 2 may be formed by attaching a non-woven fabric 21 to the net-like structure 20 in order to increase the mechanical strength.
Further, the net-like structure 2 has a constant width and thickness, for example, by winding continuous filaments to form a large number of loops, bringing the loops into contact with each other, and fusing most of the contact portions. A shape-retaining three-dimensional random loop structure may be used.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the procedure of the bridge waterproofing method according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, as a pretreatment step (S110), the laitance, dust, old coating film, etc. on the concrete floor slab C are removed (S111), and the surface of the concrete floor slab C is measured using a high-frequency moisture meter or the like. It is confirmed that it is equal to or less than the moisture content (%) (S112).
After finishing the pretreatment step (S110), the process proceeds to the coating step (S120). First, 0.1 kg/m 2 of asphalt primer is applied to the surface of the concrete floor slab C (S121). Next, the hot-melt resin, which is the material of the waterproof sheet 1, is indirectly melted by heating the oil to a temperature of 210.degree. The heat-melted hot-melt resin is transferred to another coating machine and uniformly coated to a thickness of 1.5 to 2 mm to form the waterproof sheet 1 (S123). After applying the waterproof sheet 1, a network structure 2 made of reinforcing fibers is attached to the surface (S124). At this time, it is preferable to lightly press with a roller or the like. Dry time is solidified by cooling (S130). Unlike urethane and acrylic type waterproof materials, the drying time was greatly reduced. (When the outside temperature was 20°C, it was able to dry and cure within 5 minutes.)

Example 2 is described in detail with reference to Tables 1 and 2 below.

結果として、表１に示すとおり、粘度については、他社Ａと本発明品が合格範囲であった。コーン針入度については、３製品ともに、２５℃及び５０℃のいずれも規格範囲内で合格であった。フロー値及び吸水性については、３製品ともに、規格範囲内で合格であった。強度は、他社Ｂと本発明品が規格範囲内で合格であった。しかし、対ピーク負荷時の比率強度をみると、本発明品のみが合格であった。また、付着性、水蒸気浸透圧、低温時の柔軟性、ブリッジ状態でのひび割れも本発明品のみが合格であった。 As Example 2, a comparative test was conducted between the waterproof sheet 1 according to the present invention and products A and B of other companies. The test results are described below. Measurement was performed under the following conditions. Here, the comparative test was conducted and evaluated based on the standard specifications of CGSB (Canadian General Standard Board) 37.50-M89.
The waterproof sheet 1 according to the present invention in the comparative test of Example 2 is composed of asphalt, naphtha fraction, styrene-butadiene copolymer, ethylene-butadiene copolymer, and vulcanized rubber powder.

Comparative test date: November 1, 2018 Test location: Chandler, Arizona USA Krafco Quality Control Department Competitor A: Celloseal SS-B (manufactured by Nichireki Co., Ltd.)
Competitor B: Tough Seal (manufactured by Toa Road Co., Ltd.)
Test content: About rubberized asphalt for waterproofing materials for heating Test equipment: Measurement equipment according to National Standard Of Canada CAN/CGSB-37.50-M89:

As a result, as shown in Table 1, the viscosity of Competitor A and the product of the present invention was within the acceptable range. Concerning the cone penetration, all three products passed within the standard range at both 25°C and 50°C. As for the flow value and water absorbency, all three products passed within the standard range. As for the strength, Competitor B and the product of the present invention passed within the standard range. However, only the product of the present invention was accepted in terms of relative strength against peak load. In addition, only the product of the present invention passed the test for adhesiveness, water vapor osmotic pressure, flexibility at low temperatures, and cracks in the bridge state.

In addition, a comparative test was further conducted on the heating stability after 5 hours. As shown in Table 2, the viscosities of Competitor A and the product of the present invention were within acceptable ranges. As for the cone penetration, only the product of the present invention passed at both 25°C and 50°C. The flow values of all three products were acceptable within the standard range. As for the flexibility at low temperatures, Competitor A and the product of the present invention were in the acceptable range.

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the products of the present invention cleared the standards in all items in the comparative tests. On the other hand, although Competitor A is superior to the product of the present invention in terms of viscosity, some products do not meet the standards. In addition, Competitor B had many items that did not meet the standards.

Although preferred embodiments of the bridge waterproofing construction method and waterproof layer structure according to the present invention have been illustrated and described above, it is understood that various modifications can be made without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. would be

The structure of the waterproof layer of the bridge deck according to the present invention is excellent in strength and difficult to peel off, and the waterproof construction method for bridges can be constructed in a short time and can be widely used.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 waterproof sheet 2 network structure 10 waterproof layer 100 bridge floor slab waterproof structure 20 network 21 nonwoven fabric

Claims (2)

A floor slab waterproofing member provided between a floor slab and an asphalt pavement, comprising a waterproof sheet made of a hot-melt material with excellent adhesiveness and elasticity and a network body laminated together to form an integrated unit. is,
The network body is a cloth-like sheet in which mesh-like reinforcing fibers are finely woven, continuous filaments are twisted to form a large number of loops, the loops are brought into contact with each other, and most of the contact portion is A three-dimensional random loop structure that maintains a certain width and thickness by fusing A waterproof member for a floor slab for a bridge, characterized by: A floor slab waterproof structure provided on a floor slab, comprising the floor slab waterproof member according to claim 1 formed on the floor slab, and a further layer on the floor slab waterproof member. A floor slab waterproof structure for a bridge, characterized in that the waterproof sheets are layered.

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