JP7164585B2 - Bucket tooth attachment/detachment structure and its bucket - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tooth attaching/detaching structure for a bucket used in a shovel-type excavator and the bucket.

Conventionally, as this type of bucket tooth attachment/detachment structure and its bucket, an adapter made of cast iron is protruded from the tip side of the bucket of a shovel-type excavator, and a tooth made of cast iron is detachably protruded to the adapter by an attachment/detachment mechanism. As the attachment/detachment mechanism, the tooth is provided with a fitting/releasing portion, a tip end portion of the tooth is formed with an excavated leading edge portion, a blind hole-like fitting/releasing hole is formed in the fitting/releasing portion, and the adapter is provided with a fitting/releasing hole. A fitting/releasing rod portion is formed in the fitting/releasing hole, a vertical square hole is formed in the adapter and the tooth, the fitting/releasing rod portion is inserted into the fitting/releasing hole, and a square elastic material is inserted into the vertical square hole. A structure is known in which a square pin is press-fitted into the vertical square hole and the adapter and the tooth are detachably attached by inserting and removing the square pin.

Using the excavation leading edge of the tooth, the front surface and the back surface of the tooth, various soil-related work such as excavation work of the ground and piping pits, peeling work of asphalt pavement layer, crushing work, soil leveling work, etc. A structure that performs

Patent No. 6628080

However, in the case of the above-described conventional structure, when performing excavation work using the excavation leading edge portion of the tooth, the front surface and the back surface of the tooth, hard soil, It may collide with rocks, gravel, etc. and receive more impact than expected, and with such harsh soil work, the square pins of the attachment / detachment mechanism for each tooth and each adapter may be damaged. However, due to such a failure of the attachment/detachment mechanism, the teeth may fall out of the adapter, making it difficult to work with the soil due to the falling out of the teeth. Therefore, a new tooth is required, and there is an inconvenience that the economic efficiency may be lowered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve these problems. A tooth is detachably protruded by an attachment/detachment mechanism, and as the attachment/detachment mechanism, a fitting/releasing portion is formed in the tooth, a blind hole-like fitting/releasing hole is formed in the fitting/releasing portion, and the adapter A fitting/releasing rod portion is formed in the fitting/releasing hole, and tapered truncated conical projections are formed on both side surfaces of the adapter, respectively. A retaining mechanism is provided on both sides of the fitting and detaching portion of the tooth to prevent detachment of the tooth from the adapter . A male threaded portion is formed on the retaining member, and a female threaded portion is formed on the fitting/removing portion of the tooth, and the retaining member is arranged so as to be freely advanced and retractable to the fitting/removing portion of the tooth by the screwing structure of the male threaded portion and the female threaded portion. The retaining member is formed with a wide-opening loose fitting recess that can be loosely fitted to and removed from the tapered truncated conical protrusion of the adapter . A tooth attachment/detachment structure for a bucket is characterized in that the tooth is prevented from being detached from the adapter by mutual abutment and locking due to loose fitting with a projection.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the retaining member is arranged so as to be detachable from the fitting/removing portion of the tooth by means of a threaded structure of the male threaded portion and the female threaded portion.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bucket comprising the bucket tooth attachment/detachment structure according to the first or second aspect.

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1 or claim 3 , the tooth is attached to the adapter projecting from the tip side of the bucket of the shovel-type excavator by an attachment/detachment mechanism. By operating the bucket, the tooth can be used to excavate the ground, pipe pits, etc., peel off the asphalt pavement layer, crush the soil, and level the soil. As an attachment/detachment mechanism, the tooth is formed with an attachment/detachment portion, the attachment/detachment portion is formed with an attachment/detachment hole having a blind hole shape, and the adapter is formed with an attachment/detachment rod portion that can be attached/detached to/from the attachment/detachment hole. Tapered truncated cone-shaped projections are formed on both sides of the tooth, and the external force applied to the tooth is received by fitting contact between the fitting/releasing hole of the tooth and the fitting/releasing rod portion of the adapter. A retaining mechanism having a retaining member that prevents the tooth from detaching from the adapter is provided on both sides of the adapter . And, the retaining member is arranged so as to be able to move back and forth to the fitting/removing portion of the tooth by means of the threaded structure of the female screw portion, and the retaining member has an enlarged opening shape that can be loosely fitted to and detached from the tapered truncated cone-shaped protrusion of the adapter. A concave portion is formed, and the tooth is prevented from being detached from the adapter by mutual abutment and locking due to loose fitting of the wide- opening-shaped loose- fitting concave portion and the tapered truncated-conical projection portion. , the external force applied to the tooth due to the above soil work can be received by fitting contact between the fitting/releasing hole of the tooth and the fitting/releasing rod portion of the adapter, and the projection of the adapter abuts the loose fitting recess of the retaining member. By engaging and locking, it is possible to prevent the tooth from slipping off and separating from the adapter, so that various types of soil-related work can be reliably performed, and the soil-related work efficiency can be improved. By releasing the abutment lock of the tooth, replacement of the tooth can be easily performed , and the removal prevention member is advanced and retreated via the screw structure by rotating and reversely rotating the removal prevention member, and the projection portion It is possible to easily replace the tooth by releasing the contact lock of the retaining member against and disengaging it, and it is possible to improve the soil work efficiency. It is possible to easily perform fitting and disengagement between the projecting portion of the tooth and the loosely fitting concave portion of the widened opening shape, and to easily replace the teeth.

Further, in the second aspect of the invention, the retaining member is disposed so as to be detachable from the fitting/removing portion of the tooth by means of the screwing structure of the male threaded portion and the female threaded portion. It is possible to easily remove the teeth from the attachment/detachment portion of the teeth, to easily replace the teeth, and to improve the work efficiency against soil.

1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partial front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front view of a use state of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. It is a side view of the use condition of the example of embodiment of this invention.

1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, Q is a shovel-type excavator, 1 is a bucket, and as shown in FIGS. A plurality of adapters 2, 2, 2, 2, in this case, four in total, are fixed in parallel on the tip side portion, and each of the adapters 2, 2, 2, 2 has a plurality of teeth 3, 3, 3, 3, respectively. In this case, a total of four pieces of three different shapes, ie, the left end tooth member 3L, the two intermediate tooth members 3C and 3C having the same shape, and the right end tooth member 3R, are attached and detached by the attaching/detaching mechanism M while facing toward the tip of the bucket 1. freely arranged in parallel.

In this case, as the attachment/detachment mechanism M, as shown in FIGS. The fitting/releasing portion 5 is formed with a blind hole-like fitting/releasing hole 5a, the adapter 2 is formed with a fitting/releasing rod portion 2a which can be fitted/removed into the fitting/releasing hole 5a, and projections M are formed on both side surfaces of the adapter 2, respectively. _1.M1 is formed, and the external force applied to the tooth ₃ is the fitting contact between the fitting/removing hole 5a of the tooth 3 and the fitting/removing rod portion 2a of the adapter 2, for example, the bottom surface of the fitting/removing hole 5a and the fitting/removing rod. It is structured to be received by surface contact with the tip surface of the part 2a and taper surface contact between the inner peripheral surface of the fitting/releasing hole 5a and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a. A retaining mechanism N, N having retaining members 6, 6 for preventing detachment of the tooth ₃ from the adapter ₂ is provided. Wide-open _- shaped loose-fitting recesses N1 and N1 that can be loosely fitted and removed are formed in the wide-opening-shaped _loose - _{fitting recesses N1} and _N1 and tapered truncated conical projections M1 and M1. It is constructed so as to prevent the tooth 3 from being detached from the adapter 2 by mutual abutment and locking due to loose fitting.

In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5 and 6, male screw portions 6a and 6a and wrench holes L are formed in the retaining members 6 and 6, and both sides of the fitting and detaching portion 5 of the tooth 3 are fitted and detached. Female threaded portions 5b, 5b are formed to fit into the fitting/releasing hole 5a in a direction orthogonal to the fitting/releasing direction F of the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a with respect to the hole 5a. The retaining members 6 are arranged so as to move back and forth in the fitting/removing portion 5 of the tooth 3 by the structure and the washers W, and in this case, the retaining members 6 are connected to the male screw portions 6a and 6a and the The female threaded portions 5b, 5b are arranged so as to be detachable from the engaging/disengaging portion ₅ of the tooth ₃ by the screwing structure of the female threaded portions 5b, 5b. _The loose fitting recesses _N1 and _N1 are formed in _an enlarged opening shape that can be loosely fitted to the tapered truncated conical protrusions _M1 and M1, and the _tapered outer surfaces _M2 and _M2 of the protrusions M1 and M1. and the tapered inner surfaces _N2 and _N2 of the _loose fitting recesses _N1 and N1 are loosely fitted.

1, 2 and 3, the tooth 3 is attached to the adapter 2 projecting from the tip side of the bucket 1 of the shovel-type excavator Q by the attaching/detaching mechanism M. As shown in FIG. 8, by operating the bucket 1 of the shovel type excavator Q, the excavation work of the ground G, the pit for piping, etc., the asphalt pavement layer, etc. Various soil-related work such as stripping work, soil crushing work, and soil leveling work will be performed.

In this case, as the attachment/detachment mechanism M, as shown in FIGS. The fitting/releasing portion 5 is formed with a fitting/releasing hole 5a having a blind hole shape, the adapter 2 is formed with a fitting/releasing rod portion 2a that can be fitted/removed into the fitting/releasing hole 5a, and both sides of the adapter 2 are formed with tapered cones. Trapezoidal protrusions M1 and M1 are formed, and the external force applied to the tooth ₃ is applied to the fitting contact between the fitting/releasing hole 5a of the tooth ₃ and the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a of the adapter 2, for example, the tip of the fitting/releasing hole 5a. The teeth 3 are received by surface contact between the non-stop bottom surface and the tip surface of the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a, or taper surface contact between the hole inner peripheral surface of the fitting/releasing hole 5a and the outer peripheral surface of the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a. On both sides of the portion 5, there are provided retaining mechanisms N, N having retaining members 6, 6 for preventing the tooth 3 from detaching from the adapter 2, and the retaining members 6, 6 have tapered truncated conical projections of the adapter 2. Wide _- open _- shaped loose fitting recesses N1 and N1 that can be loosely fitted and removed are formed in the portions M1 and M1, and wide _- open _- shaped loose fitting recesses _N1 and _N1 and tapered truncated conical projections M are formed. ₁ and M1 are loosely fitted to prevent the teeth ₃ from being detached from the adapter 2. Therefore, the external force applied to the teeth 3 due to the work to remove the soil is prevented by the teeth 3. It can be received by fitting contact between the fitting/releasing hole 5a and the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a of the adapter 2, and the projections M1 _/ M1 of the adapter ₂ can be loosely fitted recesses N1 _/ 6 of the retaining members 6/6. The abutment and locking of the N1 can prevent the tooth 3 from slipping off and separating from the adapter 2, so that various soil _- related works can be reliably performed, and the soil-related work efficiency can be improved. The teeth ₃ can be easily replaced by releasing the locking members ₆ from contact with the protrusions M1, M1 . As shown in FIG. 6, male threaded portions 6a are formed on the retaining members 6, 6, and on both sides of the fitting/releasing portion 5 of the tooth 3, the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a is perpendicular to the fitting/removing direction F of the fitting/releasing rod portion 2a with respect to the fitting/releasing hole 5a. Female threaded portions 5b, 5b are formed so as to be fitted into the fitting/releasing hole 5a, and the retaining members 6, 6 are attached to the fitting/releasing portion 5 of the tooth 3 by the screwing structure of the male threaded portions 6a, 6a and the female threaded portions 5b, 5b. , the retaining member ₆ is moved forward and backward through the threaded structure by rotating and reversely rotating the retaining member 6, and the protrusion _M1 and M1 The tooth 3 can be easily replaced by releasing the contact lock of the retainer members 6 and disengaging them. It is possible to improve the soil work efficiency .

In this case , as shown in FIGS. 1, 4, 5, and 6, the retaining members 6 are attached to and detached from the tooth 3 by screwing the male threaded portions 6a, 6a and the female threaded portions 5b, 5b. Since they are detachably arranged from the portion 5, the retaining members 6 can be easily removed from the fitting/removing portion 5 of the tooth 3, and the tooth 3 can be easily replaced. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the protrusions M ₁ and M ₁ are formed in a tapered truncated cone shape, and the loose fitting recesses N ₁ and N ₁ are formed. is formed in _an enlarged opening shape that can be _{loosely fitted} to the tapered _{truncated conical} protrusions _M1 and M1. It can be easily fitted into and removed from the concave portions _N1 and N1, and the teeth ₃ can be easily replaced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes, for example, an attachment/detachment mechanism M, a protrusion M ₁ , a retaining mechanism N, a loose fitting recess N ₁ , a bucket 1, a fitting/releasing rod portion 2a, and a fitting/releasing portion. 5. The structure, form, formation position, material, etc. of the fitting/releasing hole 5a and the retaining member 6 may be appropriately designed and changed.

As described above, the intended purpose can be sufficiently achieved.

Q Excavator M Detachable Mechanism M1 Protruding Part N Retaining Mechanism N1 Loose Fitting Recess ₁ Bucket ₂ Adapter 2a Fitting/Removing Rod Part 3 Tooth 5 Fitting/Removing Part 5a Fitting/Removing Hole 5b Female Threaded Part 6 Retaining Member 6a Male Threaded Part

Claims (3)

An adapter is provided protruding from a tip side portion of a bucket of a shovel-type excavator, and a tooth is detachably protruded from the adapter by an attachment/detachment mechanism. A fitting/releasing hole is formed in the fitting/releasing portion, and a fitting/releasing rod portion is formed in the adapter so as to be able to be fitted/removed into the fitting/releasing hole. An external force applied to the tooth is received by fitting contact between the fitting/releasing hole of the tooth and the fitting/releasing rod portion of the adapter. A retaining mechanism having a retaining member that prevents the detachment of the tooth is provided , a male thread is formed in the retaining member of the retaining mechanism, a female thread is formed in the fitting and detaching portion of the tooth, and the screw of the male thread and the female thread is formed. The retaining member is disposed so as to move back and forth in the fitting/removing portion of the tooth by a fitting structure, and the retaining member has a loosely fitting concave portion with an enlarged opening that can be loosely fitted to and detached from the tapered truncated conical protrusion of the adapter. The tooth is prevented from being detached from the adapter by mutual abutment and locking due to loose fitting of the wide-opening-shaped loose fitting recess and the tapered truncated cone-shaped protrusion. A tooth attachment/detachment structure for a bucket characterized by: 2. A tooth attachment/detachment structure for a bucket according to claim 1 , wherein said retaining member is disposed so as to be detachable from said fitting/removing portion of said tooth by means of a threading structure of said male threaded portion and said female threaded portion. A bucket comprising the tooth attachment/detachment structure according to claim 1 or 2 .

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