JP7153266B2 - Tunnel lining construction system, Tunnel lining construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tunnel lining construction system and a tunnel lining construction method.

Medium-flow lining concrete is generally constructed by pouring fresh concrete, which has excellent fluidity and no material separation, into a moving formwork and compacting it with a formwork vibrator. The fresh concrete is alternately placed, for example, 4 m ³ per truck mixer truck and 2 m ³ each on the left and right sides of the moving formwork. When placing concrete in this manner, the worker connects the pouring nozzle to the pouring hole to be placed among the pouring holes provided in the movable formwork, and cooperates with the operator of the concrete pump truck to Concrete is poured from a concrete pump car. In parallel with placing concrete, the worker cooperates with the worker who performs compaction to drive the vibrator device. A worker who performs compaction drives the vibrator device to compact the concrete. When the worker confirms that the height of the poured concrete has approached the predetermined height from the pouring hole, the worker replaces the placing nozzle with the placing hole at a position higher than the current pouring hole, By repeating these operations, driving is performed sequentially from the bottom end to the top end.

JP 2015-090031 A

However, workers not only replace the placement nozzles, but also work to improve quality while checking the operation status of various machines for placing concrete and the height of the placement. There is a need to do. In addition, it is necessary for a plurality of workers to work in cooperation, and communication, coordination, and confirmation take time. In addition, when replacing the driving nozzle, it is also necessary to clean the pipe, and such work must be performed in a narrow area within the space of the moving formwork, requiring a great deal of labor. In this way, there are many types of work performed by workers, and the amount of work is also large. Therefore, it is desirable to improve the work efficiency of workers in placing concrete.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel lining construction system and a tunnel lining construction method that can improve the work efficiency of workers in concrete placing. It is in.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a tunnel lining construction system for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete between a waterproof sheet and a lining form. a casting nozzle connected to one of a plurality of casting holes provided at intervals in the circumferential direction in the gable formwork for casting the concrete; a sensor for measuring the placing condition of the concrete to be placed at the provided position; a placing nozzle moving guide provided along the circumferential direction of the tunnel; and moving the placing nozzle around the tunnel along the placing nozzle moving guide. a moving mechanism for moving in the direction of the lining form, and the moving mechanism moves the driving nozzle from the bottom end to the top end of the lining form at the position where the sensor is provided, and the driving situation based on the detection result of the sensor and an operation control unit that moves the concrete to a pouring port having a height corresponding to the height of the concrete and then connects the concrete and pours the concrete by a blow-up method .

The present invention also provides a tunnel lining construction method in a tunnel lining construction system for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete between a waterproof sheet and a lining form, wherein the tunnel lining construction system comprises: Based on a concrete placement control pattern that indicates the order in which concrete is placed, the control device selects a location to be placed from among a plurality of placement holes provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the gable formwork of the lining form. The control device moves the placing nozzle for placing concrete to a height corresponding to the specified placing hole along the placing nozzle movement guide provided along the circumferential direction. After being moved by a mechanism, the concrete is poured by a blow-up method by connecting to the pouring port, and the concrete to be poured is detected by a plurality of sensors provided on the surface of the waterproof sheet and the lining form by the control device. obtained by measuring the placing situation at the position where the sensor is provided, and based on the measurement result, the control device controls the placement height of the concrete at the place to be placed to the connected When the injection nozzle reaches the injection hole one level higher than the injection hole in the height direction, the injection nozzle is moved to the height of the injection hole one level above, and then connected to the injection hole one position above to blow up. It is a tunnel lining construction method in which the concrete is poured according to the method.

As described above, according to the present invention, according to a placement control pattern in which the order of placement is specified, a plurality of holes to be driven are specified from among a plurality of holes, and a plurality of holes are provided in the lining form. A sensor detects the pouring status of the concrete to be placed, and based on the measurement results, when it is determined that the pouring of concrete in the place to be placed has been completed, from the bottom end to the top end of the lining form, The placement nozzle is moved by the moving mechanism along the nozzle movement guide to a height corresponding to the placement situation based on the detection result of the sensor, and the concrete is placed from the next placement hole to be placed. As a result, it becomes possible to systematize a part of the work previously performed by a plurality of workers by using a computer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the working efficiency of workers in concrete placing.

1 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a tunnel lining construction system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a mobile formwork 10 and its vicinity in the tunnel lining construction system 1. FIG. It is an enlarged view which expanded the injection opening 11 vicinity. Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating a movable formwork 10, a sensor 20 and a vibrator 30 attached to the movable formwork 10 and the surface of the waterproof sheet, and a casting port 11; Fig. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating a movable formwork 10, a sensor 20 and a vibrator 30 attached to the movable formwork 10 and the surface of the waterproof sheet, and a casting port 11; 5 is a diagram showing an example of a placement control pattern stored in a storage unit 53; FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a vibration pattern representing a pattern for vibrating the vibration exciter 30, which is one of the information included in the placement control pattern.

Hereinafter, a tunnel lining construction system according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of a tunnel lining construction system 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The tunnel lining construction system 1 is a system that supports construction management for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete between a waterproof sheet and a lining form (centre). As the concrete, medium-flow lining concrete can be used, for example. In this tunnel lining construction system 1, the movable formwork 10 has a face side 10a (also referred to as a gable side) and a tunnel side 10b (also referred to as an existing lining side or a lap side). The moving formwork 10 is an example of a lining formwork. The moving mold 10 has an arch shape when viewed from the direction of the tunnel axis, which is the axis along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

The casting port 11 is provided on the face side 10 a of the moving mold 10 . A plurality of driving holes 11 are provided on the face side 10a along the circumferential direction with reference to the tunnel axis, which is the axis along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
A plurality of sensors 20 are provided on the surface of the waterproof sheet and on the movable formwork 10, and measure the condition of concrete being poured at the position where the sensor 20 is provided. The placement conditions include the surface height of the concrete, the lateral pressure on the sides of the movable formwork 10, the temperature and pressure at each part of the movable formwork 10, the acceleration, and the like. The plurality of sensors 20 are provided at different positions on the moving mold 10 in the height direction. The sensor 20 includes a plurality of concrete sensors (for example, concrete sensors cL1 to cL16 and cR1 to cR16, which will be described later), acceleration sensors, and pressure and temperature sensors that detect whether or not concrete is contacted.

A plurality of formwork vibrators (hereinafter referred to as vibrators) 30 are provided on the movable formwork 10, and vibrate the concrete through the movable formwork 10 by operating. The vibration exciter 30 is provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the movable formwork 10 (the surface of the movable formwork 10 opposite to the surface facing the waterproof sheet). The vibration exciters 30 are provided at different positions in the height direction of the moving mold 10 . In addition, a plurality of vibrators 30 are provided along the tunnel axis between the portal side and the face side of the movable formwork 10, and a plurality of vibrators 30 are provided along the circumferential direction of the movable formwork 10 with reference to the tunnel axis. be done.

The pouring nozzle 32 pours concrete from the pouring port 11 provided on the face side 10 a of the moving mold 10 .
The driving nozzle movement guide 33 is provided along the circumferential direction of the tunnel on the face side 10a of the moving mold 10. As shown in FIG. The driving nozzle moving guide 33 is provided with a moving mechanism for moving the driving nozzle 32 along the driving nozzle moving guide 33 in the circumferential direction.

The operation panel 40 has a function of acquiring the detection result of each sensor 20, a plurality of operation buttons for receiving operation input from the operator, a function of receiving information output from the control device 50, and a display panel 41 for displaying various information. , including the ability to communicate with computer 60 . The display panel 41 can display various types of information. display the operating status of For example, a liquid crystal display device can be used as the display panel 41 .

The control device 50 is connected to the operation panel 40 and each vibration exciter 30, acquires the measurement result of each sensor 20 via the operation panel 40, and supplies a drive signal to each vibration exciter 30. It has a function of driving the vibration exciter 30 . The control device 50 has an operation control section 51 , a selection section 52 and a storage section 53 .
The operation control section 51 controls each section of the movable formwork 10 . For example, the operation control unit 51 detects the pouring speed of concrete based on the detection result from the sensor 20 (particularly the concrete sensor). For example, based on the detection results of the concrete sensors installed at different heights, the time when the concrete sensor installed at a lower position detects that the concrete has arrived and the time when the concrete sensor installed at a higher position detects the arrival of the concrete. Concrete pouring speed is calculated based on the difference from the time when it was detected and the difference in height of these concrete sensors. For example, the operation control unit 51 controls the concrete casting speed so that the concrete casting height is about 1.5 to 2.0 m/h and about 12 to 16 m ³ /h.
The operation control unit 51 determines the position of the placed concrete in the height direction according to the placing situation based on the measurement result of each sensor 20, and determines the position of the placed concrete in the height direction. It has a vibration exciter control function that selects the vibration exciter 30 to be activated corresponding to the position and supplies a drive signal to the selected vibration exciter 30 to activate it.
In addition, the operation control unit 51 moves the driving nozzle 32 by the moving mechanism from the lower end to the top end of the movable mold 10 according to the driving situation based on the detection result of the sensor at the position where the sensor 20 is provided. It has a driving nozzle movement control function that moves the nozzle to a higher height to cast concrete.

The selection unit 52 selects which of the plurality of pouring holes 11 provided in the movable formwork 10 for pouring concrete into, based on the placing control pattern, based on the pouring situation. and outputs the selection result to the outside. The external output destination is, for example, the operation panel 40 , and the selection result can be displayed on the display panel 41 . For example, a worker who pours concrete confirms the selection result displayed on the display panel 41, and confirms and determines whether or not to pour concrete from the pouring opening 11 according to the selection result. You can enter the driving instructions.

The storage unit 53 stores placement control patterns and various operation results (measurement results of each sensor 20, operation results of each vibrator 30, etc.). By referring to the information stored in the storage unit 53, it is possible not only to grasp the history of the placement status, but also to quantify and visualize the strength of concrete placement and formwork removal, thereby confirming the quality of the lining. can be easily performed.

The computer 60 is connected to the operation panel 40 and to the network 70, and can transmit screen data displayed on the display panel 41 of the operation panel 40 to the outside. The computer 60 also receives operation input data from the outside (terminal device 80 ) via the network 70 and outputs the data to the operation panel 40 . Based on this operation input data, the operation panel 40 can execute processing according to various operation contents according to the operation input data.

The network 70 is, for example, the Internet or a public line network, and may be wired or wireless.
The terminal device 80 communicates with the computer 60 via the network 70 to display the display contents of the display panel 41 of the operation panel 40 on the screen of the terminal device 80 . In addition, by receiving input of operation input data in accordance with an operation by a worker via an input device such as a touch panel or a keyboard of the terminal device 80, the operator can operate the operation panel 40 at a place away from the operation panel 40. is possible. The terminal device 80 may be a computer, a tablet terminal, a smart phone, or the like. That is, the terminal device 80 can also output various data and input operation instructions from the operation panel 40 from a remote location.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the movable formwork 10 and its vicinity in the tunnel lining construction system 1, and FIG.
The concrete 100 used for placing is medium-flow concrete. Medium-fluidity concrete has excellent fluidity, no material separation, and can be vibrated using a formwork vibrator so that the concrete surface can be placed in a horizontal state. Concrete is poured in this embodiment by blowing up from the pouring port 11 provided on the face side 10a, taking advantage of this characteristic. That is, even if concrete is poured from the face side 10a, the upper surface of the concrete is placed in a horizontal state between the face side 10a side and the pit side 10b without being biased toward the face side 10a by applying vibration. It is possible.

A gable formwork-integrated concrete placing device and manipulator can be used to place medium-flow concrete. A plurality of driving holes 11 are provided in the face-side gable formwork of the moving formwork 10 . For example, the driving holes 11 are provided at a maximum interval of 2.0 m in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and are provided at a total of 9 locations, 4 locations on each side of the moving mold 10 and 1 location at the top of the tunnel center.
Concrete placing device integrated with gable formwork consists of gable plate part that can move in the radial direction of the tunnel, gable plate driving mouth part, casting nozzle, driving nozzle movement device and driving nozzle movement guide. You may make it consist from. The gable formwork-integrated concrete placing device and manipulator are installed so as to fix the moving formwork 10 to the moving formwork after setting the moving formwork 10 at a position where concrete is to be poured in the direction along the tunnel axis.
The manipulators 200 (200a, 200b) are provided one each on the left side (manipulator 200a) and the right side (manipulator 200b) when viewed from the face side 10a.
Moreover, the manipulator 200 is configured by combining articulated concrete pipes. The driving nozzle 32 is connected to one end of the manipulator, and the pipe switching device 202 is connected to the other end.
The pipe switching device 202 has a first opening, a second opening, and a third opening. A concrete pipe connected to the pump 205 is connected to the first opening. The end of the manipulator 200a opposite to the end provided with the injection nozzle 32 of the manipulator 200a is connected to the second opening, and the end of the manipulator 200b opposite to the end provided with the injection nozzle 32 is connected to the second opening. are connected.

Based on a control signal from the control device 50, the pipe switching device 202 switches the concrete taken in from the first opening to either the second opening or the third opening and discharges it. As a result, the concrete pumped by the pump 205 is cast from either the casting nozzle 32a on the side of the manipulator manipulator 200a or the casting nozzle 32b on the side of the manipulator 200b.
The joints of the manipulator are hydraulically controlled based on control instructions output from the control device 50, thereby controlling the posture of each joint. By driving the manipulator 200, the nozzle moving device (32c, 32d) moves along the tunnel circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface side (the excavated ceiling surface or the surface facing the wall surface) of the driving nozzle moving guide 33. do. As a result, the placing nozzle 32 (32a, 32b) can move to the vicinity of any one of the plurality of placing holes 11, and can switch whether to place concrete.
The mounting and dismounting of the driving nozzles 32a and 32b to and from the driving port 11 is performed by moving the driving nozzles 32a and 32b longitudinally in the axial direction of the tunnel of the driving nozzle moving devices (32c and 32d) so as to extend. This movement may be performed by manipulator 200 .

An open/close shutter 120 and a cleaning device are provided at the injection port 11 . With the opening/closing shutter 120 open, the driving nozzle 32 is inserted into the nozzle connecting portion 110, fixed, and then concrete is driven. When the driving nozzle 32 is pulled out (separated from the nozzle connection part 110) or when moving along the driving nozzle movement guide 33, the opening/closing shutter 120 is closed by the driving port opening/closing cylinder 125. For example, one end of the driving port opening/closing cylinder 125 and the opening/closing shutter 120 are connected. The open/close shutter 120 is opened by moving with the In response to driving in the direction in which the driving port opening/closing cylinder 125 extends, the opening/closing shutter 120 moves in the circumferential direction with respect to the central axis 129, thereby closing the opening/closing shutter 120. As shown in FIG. The slot opening/closing cylinder 125 is driven according to a drive signal from the control device 50 .
After the injection nozzle is pulled out, the injection port and the injection nozzle are washed by the cleaning device, and the sewage is led to the drainage pit and drained.

The opening/closing shutter 120 of the pouring hole 11 currently being poured is closed when the surface of the placed concrete reaches the pouring hole 11 one level higher than itself. Then, the driving nozzle 32 is moved to the driving port 11 one position above and moved along the driving nozzle movement guide 33, the open/close shutter 120 is opened, the driving nozzle 32 is inserted into the nozzle connecting portion 110, and fixed. Switch by doing.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram for explaining the movable formwork 10, the sensor 20 and the vibration exciter 30 attached to the movable formwork 10 and the surface of the waterproof sheet, and the casting port 11. As shown in FIG.
4A is a view of the moving mold 10 viewed from above, and FIG. 4B is a view of the moving mold 10 viewed from the face side.
Stage R1, stage R2, stage R3, stage R4, stage R5, stage R6, stage L1, stage L2, stage L3, stage L4, stage L5, and stage L6 represent the positions of the moving mold 10 in the height direction. there is Step R1, step R2, step R3, step R4, step R5, and step R6 have heights different from each other between the lower end portion and the top end portion (crown portion) of the moving formwork 10 on the right side as viewed from the face side 10a. , and the position becomes higher from stage R1 toward stage R6. Moreover, the steps L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6 are different from each other between the lower end portion and the top end portion (crown portion) of the moving formwork 10 on the left side as viewed from the face side 10a. height position. Stages R1 and L1, stages R2 and L2, stages R3 and L3, stages R4 and L4, stages R5 and L5, and stages R6 and L6 have the same height.

The row S1, row S2, row S3, row S4, and row S5 are at any position between the end of the wellhead side 10b and the end of the face side 10a (in the direction along the tunnel axis). Row S1, row S2, row S3, row S4, and row S5 are positioned at different positions from each other, with row S1 closest to the wellhead side 10b, row S2, row S3, row S4, and row S5 in order of the wellhead side. 10b (the row S5 is the position closest to the face side 10a).

Here, there are a total of nine injection holes 11, including injection holes IL1, injection holes IL2, injection holes IL3, injection holes IL4, injection holes IR1, injection holes IR2, injection holes IR3, injection holes IR4, and injection holes IR5. is provided along the vicinity of the end of the face side 10a.
The injection port IL1 is between the stages L1 and L1, the injection port IL2 is between the stages L2 and L3, the injection port IL3 is between the stages L3 and L4, and the injection port IL4 is between the stages L5 and L6. between steps R1 and R2, IR2 between steps R2 and R3, IR3 between steps R3 and R4, and IR4 between steps R5 and R4. It is provided between R6. The injection port IR5 is provided between the step L6 and the step R6 and in the vicinity of the top end portion C1.

These injection opening IL1, injection opening IL2, injection opening IL3, and injection opening IL4 are used when concrete is poured from the lower end portion of the moving formwork 10 on the left side of the moving formwork 10 to the vicinity of the top end thereof. The injection opening IR1, the injection opening IR2, the injection opening IR3, and the injection opening IR4 are used when concrete is poured from the lower end portion of the movable formwork 10 on the right side of the movable formwork 10 to the vicinity of the top end thereof. The pouring port IR5 is used when pouring concrete into the top end of the movable formwork 10 .

The vibration exciter 30 is applied to the moving mold 10 at heights indicated by stages R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and L6. It is provided at each position corresponding to the intersection of each position in the depth direction and each position in the depth direction viewed from the wellhead side 10b shown in row S1, row S2, row S3, row S4, and row S5. Here, as an example, the vibration exciters 30 are provided at respective positions of these intersections, so that a total of 60 vibration exciters 30 are provided. The vibration exciters 30 are arranged at intervals of, for example, about 1.5 m or less in the height direction and about 3.0 m or less in the extension direction (the depth direction along the tunnel axis). The vibrator 30 is basically operated to compact 20 cm above the position where it is provided, and the upper vibrator 30 is operated according to the surface level (surface height) of the concrete. Switch the operating pattern.
The basic pattern of compaction is to simultaneously operate five vibrators 30 arranged in the depth direction of the tunnel axis, and the operation time per operation can be set to about 15 seconds. This operation time is set in advance so that the surface height of the poured concrete becomes substantially horizontal between the face side 10a and the wellhead side 10b and the flow stops.
In addition, as for the portion to be boxed out, a compaction pattern excluding the boxed portion may be adopted.
The number of times the vibrator 30 is operated is set to a maximum of 5 times (15 sec×5=75 sec) per unit, and the maximum operating time of the vibrator 30 is set to 1 hour.

The compaction energy increment is measured at two points, the position where the acceleration sensor Mp is installed and the position where the acceleration sensor M1 is installed, between the row S1 and the row S2, each time compaction is performed for the excitation stage below the concrete surface. 10 points of acceleration sensors MR2, MR3, MR4, MR5, MR6, ML2, ML3, ML4, ML5, and ML6 provided along the circumferential direction of the moving formwork 10, and 6 points of the arch part in the middle of the end of the block ( Acceleration sensors MfL, MfC, MfR, MeL, MeC, MeR) measure the acceleration at a total of 18 points, calculate from the maximum acceleration, and display it on the screen.
The compaction energy is calculated by the control device 50 , accumulating compaction energy increments, displayed on the screen of the display panel 41 , and stored in the storage unit 53 .
The compaction time is measured by the control device 50 each time compaction is performed, and the compaction time is accumulated.

A concrete sensor, a pressure temperature sensor, and an acceleration sensor can be used here as the sensor 20 .
The concrete sensors 21 are placed at a predetermined height from the lower end of the moving formwork 10 at the center of the construction block (for example, along the row S3) at intervals of about 40 to 60 cm, which is the placement height of each construction unit. It is provided so as to be in a different position for each row. The arrangement position of the concrete sensor 21 may be provided so as to be symmetrical on the right side and the left side. Here, for example, one concrete sensor 21 is provided at a height of about 50 cm from the lower end on the right side of the moving form 10, and a concrete sensor 21 is provided at a height of about 50 cm from the lower end on the left side of the moving form 10. provided one by one. This concrete sensor 21 detects, for example, whether or not the placed concrete contacts. As a result, the control device 50 acquires the detection result of whether or not the concrete sensor 21 has come into contact with the concrete via the operation panel 40, and based on these detection results, determines the height at which the concrete is poured. Thus, the surface position of the placed concrete can be detected.

The operation control unit 51 acquires the detection result of which concrete sensor 21 is in contact with the concrete via the operation panel 40, and based on these detection results, determines the height at which the concrete is poured. Detects the surface position of poured concrete. Also, based on the detection result of the concrete sensor 21, the operation control unit 51 can grasp the timing to start placing concrete in units of placing concrete by referring to the detection result of the concrete sensor 21. For example, as a unit for pouring concrete, the amount of concrete that increases by about 50 cm in the height direction is set as a unit for one construction, and the right side and the left side of the moving formwork 10 are alternately placed.
Further, the control device 50 can determine the operation pattern for operating the vibration exciter 30 by referring to the detection result of the concrete sensor 21 . The operating pattern includes information specifying the target vibrator 30 to be operated among the plurality of vibrators 30, the timing of starting the operation of the vibrator 30, the timing of stopping the operation of the vibrator 30, and the vibration Information indicating the operation time of the vibration exciter 30, information defining the order in which the vibration exciters 30 are operated, and the like can be used.

Acceleration sensor M1 is provided in stage L3 between row S4 and row S5. The acceleration sensor Mp is provided between the row S4 and the row S5 and at the height of the step L2. The acceleration sensor Mp is provided between the row S2 and the acceleration sensor ML3 and at the height of the step L3. The acceleration sensor M1 and the acceleration sensor Mp detect acceleration, and the control device 50 counts the number of periods during which the acceleration sensor M1 and the acceleration sensor Mp detect acceleration, and counts the number of operations of the vibration exciter 30. can be measured.

Acceleration sensors MR2, MR3, MR4, MR5, MR6, ML2, ML3, ML4, ML5 and ML6 are provided between row S1 and row S2. Among them, the acceleration sensor MR2 is provided in stage R2, the acceleration sensor MR3 is provided in stage R3, the acceleration sensor MR4 is provided in stage R4, the acceleration sensor MR5 is provided in stage R5, the acceleration sensor MR6 is provided in stage R6, the acceleration sensor ML2 is provided in stage L2, and the acceleration sensor MR6 is provided in stage R6. ML3 is provided in stage L3, acceleration sensor ML4 is provided in stage L4, acceleration sensor ML5 is provided in stage L5, and acceleration sensor ML6 is provided in stage L6. These acceleration sensors M1, MR2, MR3, MR4, MR5, MR6, ML2, ML3, ML4, ML5, and ML6 are, for example, sensors that propagate through concrete when concrete is placed and vibrated by the vibrator 30. Vibration of the vibrator 30 is detected. For example, when concrete is poured step by step, the acceleration received by the concrete when it is vibrated by the vibrator 30 at that step is measured.

Acceleration sensors MeL, MeC, and MeR are provided between the row S1 and the portal side 10b of the moving formwork 10, one at each position of the step L5, the crown C1, and the step R5. These acceleration sensors MeL, MeC, and MeR detect vibrations of the vibration exciter 30 propagating through the concrete that has been placed. In particular, by measuring the time during which acceleration is detected by the acceleration sensors MeL, MeC, and MeR, it is possible to grasp the time during which the shaker 30 is driven and compaction is performed on the wellhead side 10b.
Acceleration sensors MfL, MfC, and MfR are provided between the row S5 and the face side 10a of the moving mold 10, one at each position of the step L5, the top end portion C1, and the step R5. These acceleration sensors MfL, MfC, and MfR detect vibrations of the vibration exciter 30 propagating through the poured concrete. In particular, by measuring the time during which acceleration is detected by the acceleration sensors MfL, MfC, and MfR, it is possible to grasp the time during which the shaker 30 is driven and compaction is performed on the face side 10a.

The pressure temperature sensor 27 is provided at a position corresponding to the top end portion C1 in the row S3. The pressure and temperature sensor 28 is provided at a position corresponding to the crown C1 between the row S5 and the end of the face side 10a. The pressure and temperature sensor 29 is provided at a position corresponding to the crown C1 between the row S1 and the end of the wellhead side 10b.
These pressure and temperature sensors 27, 28, 29 detect pressure and temperature at the location where they are provided. Thereby, the detection result of each pressure temperature sensor 23 is acquired by the control device 50 via the operation panel 40 . The control device 50 can detect the external force of the moving formwork 10 and the rising speed of concrete based on the detection results of these pressure and temperature sensors 23 .
The pressure and temperature sensors 27, 28, 29 are attached to the inner air side surface of a waterproof sheet attached to the inner air surface of the tunnel support structure provided for the natural ground.

Next, the operation and the like of the tunnel lining construction system 1 described above will be described.
First, the movable formwork 10 is moved to a target position for pouring concrete in the direction of the tunnel axis, and when the target position is reached, the formwork 10 is installed at that position. Next, the terminal formwork integrated driving device and the manipulator are installed on the moving formwork 10 . Then, the supply port of the pump car for supplying concrete and the pump 205 are connected. As a result, the concrete supplied from the pump truck can be supplied to the pipe switching device 202 . At the start of the implantation, the implantation nozzle 32a is set at the height of the implantation opening IL1, and the implantation nozzle 32b is set at the height of the implantation opening IR1.
When the movable mold 10, the gating device integrated with the gable mold, the manipulator are installed, and the driving nozzles 32a and 32b are correctly set, the operator inputs an instruction to start driving from the operation panel 40. When the control device 50 detects that a driving start instruction has been input from the operation panel 40, the driving process is started. That is, the controller 50 selects the driving start point based on the driving control pattern, and instructs the manipulator 200a to insert the driving nozzle 32a into the driving port IL1. As a result, the nozzle moving device moves the driving nozzle 32a toward the nozzle connecting portion 110 of the driving port IL1 in the direction along the tunnel axis, and the driving nozzle 32a contacts the nozzle connecting portion 110. and fix it.

When the placing nozzle 32a is connected to the nozzle connection portion 110, concrete is placed. Here, the cast concrete is cast from the bottom end to the top end by switching between left and right sides of the moving formwork 10 as viewed from the face side 10a according to the height of the surface of the cast concrete by the switching device 202. Here, the concrete is vibrated by the vibration exciter 30 according to the condition of the concrete being poured. This compacts it.
By checking the value obtained from the sensor and visually confirming the amount of displacement of the moving formwork, we can confirm that the concrete has been packed tightly, that the pouring pressure has reached a predetermined level, and that the supply of concrete from the pump truck has been stopped. After confirmation by the worker, an instruction to stop placing concrete is input to the operation panel 40 . Concrete is poured in this manner from the lower end to the top of the moving formwork 10 . When the pouring of concrete to the top end is completed, the pouring of concrete is completed. After that, the moving formwork 10 is moved to the next placement target position along the depth direction of the tunnel axis, and concrete is placed. The operation control unit 51 of the control device 50 places concrete each time the moving formwork 10 is moved toward the face side along the tunnel axis.

Next, the flow of concrete placing after the above-mentioned worker instructs to place concrete will be further described.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a concrete placement control pattern including a concrete placement pattern and a vibration pattern by the vibration exciter 30 stored in the storage unit 53. As shown in FIG. In this figure, the area to be driven indicates whether the right side or the left side of the moving mold 10 is to be driven when viewed from the face side 10a.

The target locations are locations where concrete is to be poured, a concrete sensor to be referenced when the concrete is to be poured, a pouring port to which the concrete is to be placed, and a vibration exciter 30 to be operated for compaction. information is included. The operating conditions include information specifying the placement location, information specifying the reference concrete sensor, information specifying the placement opening, and information specifying the vibrator 30 to be operated.

The control device 50 refers to the placement control pattern stored in the storage unit 53 to operate each unit when placing concrete.
Here, for example, the pouring of concrete starts from the pouring point pL1. When driving from the driving position pL1, the control device 50 refers to the driving control pattern stored in the storage unit 53, identifies that the driving port corresponding to the driving position pL1 is the driving port IL1, and determines the driving position pL1. to the operation panel 40 and display it on the display panel 41. The worker confirms that the material is to be driven into the driving position pL1 from the driving port IL1, and presses the confirmation button on the operation panel 40 when it is determined that there is no problem. When this confirmation button is pressed, the controller 50 connects the injection nozzle 32a to the injection port IL1. After the connection is completed, when the driving instruction is input from the operation panel 40, the control device 50 drives the pump 205 to pump the concrete. At this time, the control device 50 refers to the detection result of the concrete sensor cL1 because the concrete sensor corresponding to the driving location pL1 is the concrete sensor cL1. Detecting that the concrete has been poured to the height at which the concrete sensor cL1 is provided, stopping the concrete pouring into the placing place pL1, the stage of the vibration exciter 30 corresponding to the placing place pL1 is the vibrating stage VL1. Then, it transmits to the operation panel 40 and causes the display panel 41 to display that the excitation stage VL1 has been selected as the excitation target. The operator confirms that the vibration target is the vibration stage VL1, and presses the confirm button on the operation panel 40 when it is determined that there is no problem. When this confirmation button is pressed, the control device 50 activates the vibrator 30 arranged at the position corresponding to the vibrating stage VL1. The placement control pattern also includes the operation time of the vibration exciter 30, and when the operation time set in the placement control pattern arrives after the operation of the vibration exciter 30 is started, the control device 50 , the vibration exciter 30 is deactivated. Here, a configuration has been described in which an excitation stage to be subjected to excitation is displayed on the display panel 41 and the confirmation button is pressed, but it is also possible to cause excitation without pressing the confirmation button.

Here, the detection result of the concrete sensor cl1 is transmitted from the control device 50 to the operation panel 40 and displayed on the display panel 41 as one piece of information about the state of concrete being poured. A worker can see the detection status and grasp the concrete placement status. Also, the worker can confirm the driving status and, if necessary, input an operation to stop driving from the stop instruction input button on the operation panel 40 . When the instruction to stop placing is input, the operation control unit 51 stops placing concrete even during the placing of concrete from the placing nozzle. As a result, for example, when an emergency stop is required, the worker can decide and stop. Further, when the reason for the emergency stop is eliminated, the worker can resume driving by inputting an instruction to resume driving from the operation panel 40 .
As described above, concrete is poured into the place pL1 to be placed.

When the driving to the driving location pL1 is completed, the control device 50 identifies that the next driving location is the driving location pR1 based on the driving control pattern, and similarly to the operation flow described above, the control device 50 controls the driving location pR1 Execute the implantation process. Here, since the driving point pR1 is on the right side of the moving mold 10, the manipulator 200b is switched to the right manipulator 200b by the pipe switching device 202, and then the driving nozzle 32b is connected to the target driving port. Here, the control device 50 uses the detection result of the concrete sensor cR1 according to the placement control pattern. Further, the control device 50 identifies that the stage of the vibration exciter 30 corresponding to the driving position pR1 is the vibration stage VR1, operates the vibration exciter 30 corresponding to the vibration stage VR1, and continues for a predetermined time. Then stop working. This completes the concrete pouring into the pouring location pR1.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a vibration pattern representing a pattern for vibrating the vibrator 30, which is one of the information included in the placement control pattern. As shown in this figure, the vibration pattern is information that defines which vibration exciter 30 is to be operated according to the location where concrete is to be poured. The operation control unit 51 can select which vibrator 30 to operate by referring to this vibration pattern.
An arbitrary pattern can be set as the vibration pattern. For example, five vibrators 30 arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel are set as one operation target group, and a pattern in which the vibrators 30 belonging to this operation target group are driven for a predetermined time (for example, 15 seconds) is adopted. can be done. The driving time may be determined according to the time during which the concrete can be sufficiently compacted.
Here, in the side part of the tunnel (for example, one of the stages between the lower end side and the top end part of the moving formwork 10), an emergency facility installation that is a target position for installing an emergency facility such as a fire hydrant A position may be set. At such an emergency facility installation position, the side of the tunnel is dug into which the box-out formwork set on the moving formwork is placed. The formwork vibrator attached to the moving formwork to which the box-cut part formwork is attached is set to be in a stopped (off) state in the operation target group.
For example, from stage VR4 to stage VR6 and from stage VL1 to stage VL6, for each stage, since the emergency facility installation position is not set in the tunnel axial direction, five units are arranged along the tunnel axial direction. The vibration exciter 30 is set as one operation target group. Therefore, pattern 1 in the VB operation pattern table is set for the operation target groups in these stages.
On the other hand, in each stage from stage VR1 to stage VL3, when rows S1 and S2 are designated as emergency facility installation positions, pattern 5 in the VB operation pattern table is set.
In this way, it is possible to set an operation target group in which some vibration exciters 30 in the tunnel axial direction are set to be off (off), if necessary.

Thereafter, similarly, the control device 50 refers to the placement control pattern, and sequentially places from the upper stage while switching between the left side and the right side, such as the placement location pL2 and the placement location pR2. Then, when the driving point p17 is reached, the top end is driven.

In the above-described embodiment, the control device 50 casts concrete on the left and right sides of the moving formwork 10, and compacts the concrete with the vibrator 30 each time it is cast. The control device 50 mainly executes the selection and placement of concrete placement positions, and the selection and compaction of concrete compaction positions. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the worker only needs to operate the tunnel lining construction system 1, check the operation status of each machine part in the tunnel lining construction system 1, and perform auxiliary work for quality improvement, the amount of work that was conventionally performed can be reduced. can be reduced compared to

Further, according to the above-described embodiment, the operation control unit 51 opens the open/close shutter of the pouring hole to be placed, and after pouring concrete from the pouring nozzle, closes the open/close shutter, and then closes the pouring hole to be placed next. Move the injection nozzle to the height of As a result, it is not necessary for the operator to switch the injection port or move the injection nozzle by himself, so the amount of work can be reduced.

In addition, since the control device 50 is configured to control each part based on the placement control pattern, it is possible to pattern the order of work for each block in which the medium-flow lining concrete is placed and compacted, and perform construction. It is possible to homogenize the finish quality of the lining concrete and automate the placement and compaction work with a mechanical control system.

In addition, according to the above-described embodiment, when concrete is poured, medium-flow concrete can be placed by blowing up from the face side 10a and allowed to flow to the wellhead side 10b. There is no need to provide concrete pipes in the moving formwork for loading.
In addition, it is possible to place concrete with a small number of workers, and it is possible to reduce the work of confirming how to proceed with work among multiple workers. It is also possible to plan

In addition, as described above, since the computer system is used to place the concrete, it is possible to realize automation and continuous work of the lining concrete construction by one man, thereby improving the work efficiency. can be done.

The functions of the control device 50 and the operation panel 40 in the above-described embodiment may be realized by a computer. In that case, a program for realizing this function may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded in this recording medium may be read into a computer system and executed. It should be noted that the "computer system" referred to here includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices. The term "computer-readable recording medium" refers to portable media such as flexible discs, magneto-optical discs, ROMs and CD-ROMs, and storage devices such as hard discs incorporated in computer systems. Furthermore, "computer-readable recording medium" means a medium that dynamically retains a program for a short period of time, like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line. It may also include something that holds the program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that serves as a server or client in that case. Further, the program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above, or may be capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. It may be implemented using a programmable logic device such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and design and the like are included within the scope of the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Tunnel lining construction system, 10... Moving formwork, 11, IL1, IL2, IL3, IL4, IR1, IR2, IR3, IR4, IR5... Placement opening, 20... Sensor, 21... Concrete sensor, 27, 28, 29 Pressure temperature sensor 30 Vibrator 32, 32a, 32b Implanting nozzle 32c, 32d Nozzle moving device 33 Implanting nozzle movement guide 40 Operation panel 41 Display panel 50 Control device , 51... operation control unit, 52... selection unit, 53... storage unit, 60... computer, 70... network, 80... terminal device, 110... nozzle connection unit, 120... opening/closing shutter, 125... injection port opening/closing cylinder, M1, Mp, MR2, MR3, MR4, MR5, MR6, ML2, ML3, ML4, ML5, ML6, MeL, MeC, MeR, MfL, MfC, MfR...acceleration sensors

Claims (6)

A tunnel lining construction system for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete between a waterproof sheet and a lining formwork,
a casting nozzle connected to one of a plurality of casting holes provided at intervals in the circumferential direction in the gable form of the lining form and casting the concrete;
a plurality of sensors provided on the surface of the waterproof sheet and the lining form for measuring the placement state of the concrete to be placed at the provided position;
a driving nozzle movement guide provided along the circumferential direction of the tunnel;
a moving mechanism for moving the driving nozzle in the circumferential direction of the tunnel along the driving nozzle movement guide;
From the bottom end to the top end of the lining form, the driving mechanism moves the driving nozzle at the position where the sensor is provided, and the driving opening has a height according to the driving situation based on the detection result of the sensor. A tunnel lining construction system comprising: an operation control unit that moves the concrete after moving it to the above and connects it and pours the concrete by a blow-up method . A plurality of the driving openings are provided between the lower end portion and the top end portion, and an opening and closing shutter is provided for each,
The operation control unit opens the open/close shutter of the casting hole to be placed and casts concrete from the casting nozzle connected to the casting hole. 2. The tunnel lining construction system according to claim 1, wherein when the tunnel reaches the driving opening one position above, the open/close shutter is closed, and the driving nozzle is moved to the height of the driving opening to be driven , which is the driving opening one position above. Having a stop instruction input unit for inputting a stop instruction to stop placing the concrete,
The tunnel lining construction system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the operation control unit stops pouring the concrete when the stop instruction is input during the pouring of the concrete from the pouring nozzle. The operation control unit places the concrete each time the lining formwork is moved toward the face side along a tunnel axis that is an axis along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. The tunnel lining construction system according to any one of the items. Having a plurality of vibrators provided in the lining form for vibrating the concrete,
2. The operation control unit selects a vibration exciter to be operated from among the plurality of vibration exciters and operates the selected vibration exciter according to the driving situation based on the measurement results of the plurality of sensors. The tunnel lining construction system according to any one of claims 4 to 4. A tunnel lining construction method in a tunnel lining construction system for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete between a waterproof sheet and a lining form, comprising:
The control device in the tunnel lining construction system selects from among a plurality of pouring holes provided at intervals in the circumferential direction in the gable formwork of the lining form based on a pouring control pattern representing the order of concrete pouring. , identify the injection port according to the location to be injected,
The control device causes the moving mechanism to move the casting nozzle for casting concrete along the casting nozzle movement guide provided along the circumferential direction to a height corresponding to the specified casting hole, and then the Connect to the pouring port and pour the concrete by blowing up method ,
The control device acquires measurement results obtained by measuring the pouring state of the poured concrete at the positions where the sensors are installed, using a plurality of sensors installed on the surface of the waterproof sheet and the lining form,
Based on the measurement result, the control device determines, based on the measurement result, when the concrete placement height at the location to be placed reaches the placement hole that is one level higher than the connected placement hole in the height direction. A tunnel lining construction method, comprising: moving the driving nozzle to the height of the driving hole one position above, connecting it to the driving hole one position above, and casting the concrete by a blow-up method.

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