JP7141109B2 - HEAT AND ASH RECOVERY APPARATUS AND RECOVERY METHOD - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a heat and ash recovery apparatus and recovery method.

Conventionally, a flue gas flow path through which flue gas generated by combustion in a combustion furnace flows is generally provided with a heat exchanger, and the heat recovered by heat exchange with the flue gas is used for power generation and the like. Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like, substances contained in combustion exhaust gas are also removed in a combustion exhaust gas flow path.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-279012

By the way, the combustion exhaust gas contains non-combustible ash. Ash is a cause of depositing in the combustion exhaust gas flow path and corroding combustion furnace parts such as heat exchangers. In order to solve this problem, the wall of the flue gas is used to cool the flue gas, and the ash saturated in the flue gas is precipitated and separated from the flue gas. However, in this method, the heat recovery of the flue gas is not sufficient, and the ash in the flue gas cannot be sufficiently removed. The fine ash left unseparated from the flue gas flows downstream in the flue gas flow path along with the flue gas, and if it adheres to the heat exchanger, it reduces the performance of the heat exchanger.

The present invention has been made in view of this problem, and at the same time as recovering the heat of the flue gas in the flue gas flow path, the recovery device capable of sufficiently removing the ash in the flue gas, and heat and ash. It is intended to provide a collection method for

One aspect of the present invention is a recovery device that is installed in a flue gas flow path through which flue gas generated by combustion in a combustion furnace flows and recovers the heat and ash of the flue gas,
The flue gas flow path includes a first flow path that guides upward the flue gas generated in the furnace body of the combustion furnace, and a second flow path that communicates with the upper end of the first flow path and guides the flue gas downward. and a third flow path that communicates with the lower end of the second flow path and has a heat exchange portion that exchanges heat with the flue gas,
The recovery device is installed in the second flow path,
The recovery device is equipped with a plurality of ceramic balls, and the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls, and the ash in the combustion exhaust gas adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls, whereby the configured to recover flue gas heat and ash;
in the collection device.

Another aspect of the present invention uses the recovery device,
A method for recovering heat and ash from flue gas.

Still another aspect of the present invention uses the recovery device to store the heat of the combustion exhaust gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace, and prepares the plurality of ceramic balls to which the ash in the combustion exhaust gas is adhered . death,
recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls;
reusing the plurality of ceramic balls after recovering the heat and ash to recover the heat and ash of the flue gas;
A method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls.
In addition, still another aspect of the present invention is
Preparing a plurality of ceramic balls to store the heat of the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace and to which the ash in the flue gas is adhered,
recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls;
When reusing the plurality of ceramic balls after recovering the heat and ash to recover the heat and ash of the flue gas,
Simultaneously recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and recovering the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls,
A method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls.

In the recovery device, the plurality of ceramic balls are heated by contact with the flue gas flowing into the flue gas flow path, and the heat of the flue gas is accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls. As a result, heat is recovered from the flue gas flowing through the flue gas flow path. Also, the plurality of ceramic balls function as filters and adsorbents, and solid ash in the combustion exhaust gas adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls. Furthermore, since the combustion exhaust gas is cooled by the heat recovery, the ash precipitated from the combustion exhaust gas by the cooling also adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls.

Therefore, according to the recovery device, the ash in the flue gas can be sufficiently removed at the same time as the heat of the flue gas is recovered in the flue gas passage.

Since the method for recovering the heat and ash of the flue gas uses the recovery device, the ash in the flue gas can be sufficiently removed at the same time as the heat of the flue gas is recovered in the flue gas passage.

The ceramic ball heat and ash recovery method has the steps described above. Therefore, according to the method for recovering heat and ash from the ceramic balls, the heat and ash recovered by the ceramic balls can be further recovered from the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace. The ceramic balls can be reused again for heat and ash recovery.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example in which the recovery device according to Embodiment 1 is applied to a flue gas flow path of a waste incineration furnace; FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing a modification of the combustion exhaust gas flow path shown in FIG. 1; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the basic form of a recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a third modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a fourth modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 11 is an explanatory view schematically showing a fifth modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 11 is an explanatory view schematically showing a sixth modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 10 is an explanatory view schematically showing the basic form of the recovery device according to Embodiment 2; FIG. 10 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of a method of supplying and recovering ceramic balls in the basic form of the recovering device according to Embodiment 2; FIG. 12 is an explanatory view schematically showing a configuration example of a ceramic ball supply unit in the recovery device of FIG. 11; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 2; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 2; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the basic form of a recovery device according to Embodiment 3; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a first modification of the recovery device according to Embodiment 3; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of a method and apparatus for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls according to Embodiment 5; FIG. 11 is an explanatory view schematically showing a first modification of the heat and ash recovery method and recovery apparatus for ceramic balls according to Embodiment 5; FIG. 11 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example of ash recovery in the heat and ash recovery method/recovery apparatus for ceramic balls according to Embodiment 5; FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a second modification of the heat and ash recovery method and recovery apparatus for ceramic balls according to Embodiment 5;

(Embodiment 1)
A recovery device according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. FIG.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the recovery device 1 of the present embodiment is installed in a flue gas flow path 2 through which flue gas G generated by combustion in a combustion furnace (not shown) flows. It is a device that collects FIG. 1 shows an example in which a heat exchange section 3 that exchanges heat with the flue gas G is provided downstream of the recovery device 1 provided in the flue gas flow path 2 . Also, in FIG. 1, one end of the flue gas channel 2 is an inlet 210 into which the flue gas G (arrow Y1 in the figure) from the combustion furnace flows, and the other end of the flue gas channel 2 is An example is shown in which an outflow port 230 through which the flue gas G (arrow Y3 in the drawing) that has flowed through the flue gas flow path 2 flows out.

Examples of combustion furnaces include waste incinerators for incinerating wastes, general industrial furnaces (heat treatment furnaces, melting furnaces, firing furnaces, etc.), and the like. If the combustion furnace is a waste incinerator, it has the following advantages. Since the waste incinerator incinerates waste such as various types of garbage, the combustion exhaust gas G contains a large amount of corrosive gas and ash derived from the waste, such as silica components, alkali components, and chloride components. Therefore, in the waste incinerator, ash adheres to the inside of the flue gas flow path 2, and gas and ash corrode combustion furnace components such as the heat exchange section 3. According to the above configuration, for example, even when the heat exchange section 3 is installed downstream of the recovery device 1 in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2, the combustion exhaust gas G is recovered upstream of the heat exchange section 3 by heat recovery. can be cooled to a lower temperature, and the amount of ash in the combustion exhaust gas G can be sufficiently reduced. Therefore, according to the above configuration, it becomes easy to suppress deterioration in heat exchange capacity due to high-temperature corrosion of the heat exchange portion 3 and adhesion of ash. The type of waste combustion furnace is not particularly limited, and for example, a stoker-type combustion furnace can be exemplified. Further, the flue gas flow path 2 can be, for example, a flow path connected to a furnace body such as a waste combustion furnace.

As exemplified in FIG. 1 , the flue gas flow path 2 can be specifically configured to have a first flow path 21, a second flow path 22, and a third flow path 23. . The first flow path 21 guides upward the flue gas G generated in the furnace body (not shown) of the combustion furnace. The second flow path 22 communicates with the upper end portion of the first flow path 21 and guides the flue gas G downward. In this embodiment, the recovery device 1 is installed in the second channel 22 . The third flow path 23 communicates with the lower end of the second flow path 22 and includes a heat exchange section 3 that exchanges heat with the flue gas G. As shown in FIG. The heat exchange unit 3 can be, for example, a steam pipe type heat exchange unit 3 (boiler).

Therefore, the flue gas G generated in the furnace main body (not shown) of the combustion furnace flows from the furnace main body through the inlet 210 of the flue gas flow path 2, flows upward through the first flow path 21, and It flows from the upper end of the first flow path 21 into the upper end of the second flow path 22 as indicated by an arrow Y12 and flows downward in the second flow path 22 . At this time, the flue gas G passes through the recovery device 1 provided in the middle of the second flow path 22 . Then, the flue gas G flows from the lower end of the second flow path 22 into the lower end of the third flow path 23 as indicated by an arrow Y23, flows upward in the third flow path 23, and flows upward into the flue gas flow path. 2 outflow port 230 . At this time, the combustion exhaust gas G passes through the heat exchange section 3 provided in the middle of the third flow path 23 . In FIG. 1, the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow Y1 is the downward vertical direction.

According to the above configuration, the recovery device 1 of the present embodiment is installed in the airflow of the flue gas G at a position upstream of the heat exchange section 3 where the temperature of the flue gas G is higher. When the recovery device 1 is installed in the airflow of the flue gas G, heat is efficiently recovered by heating the ceramic balls 10 (described later) of the recovery device 1 with the flue gas G having a higher temperature and accumulating heat. It can be performed. The combustion exhaust gas G is cooled by heating the ceramic balls 10 . Furthermore, the ash in the combustion exhaust gas G is adhered to the surface of the ceramic balls 10 in a solid state, and the ash in a gasified state in the airflow is cooled by the ceramic balls 10 and precipitated. By adhering, it can be efficiently collected. In addition, the ash that could not be collected by the collecting device 1 and the ash that fell off after being collected by the collecting device 1 can be dropped to the lower end of the second flow path 22 . The ash accumulated at the lower end of the second flow path 22 can be taken out of the flue gas flow path 2 from the lower end of the second flow path 22 (arrow Y4 in FIG. 1).

Therefore, according to the above configuration, it is possible to suppress the flow of excessively high temperature flue gas G into the heat exchange section 3 of the third flow path 23, so that it is easy to suppress high temperature corrosion. It becomes easier to reduce the amount of ash that reaches.

Further, the flue gas flow path 2 is not limited to the flow path form shown in FIG. For example, in the flue gas channel 2 shown in FIG. 2 , the third channel 23 has an upstream channel portion 231 , a midstream channel portion 232 and a downstream channel portion 233 . The upstream channel portion 231 communicates with the lower end portion of the second channel portion 22 and guides the combustion exhaust gas G upward. The midstream channel portion 232 communicates with the upper end portion of the upstream channel portion 231 and guides the flue gas G downward. In the example of FIG. 2 , the heat exchange section 3 is provided in the middle of the midstream flow path section 232 in the third flow path 23 . Further, the downstream channel portion 233 communicates with the lower end portion of the midstream channel portion 232 and guides the combustion exhaust gas G upward. In the fuel exhaust gas channel 2 shown in FIG. An outlet 230 for the flue gas flow path 2 is provided.

Therefore, in this case, after the combustion exhaust gas G flows upward in the upstream channel portion 231 as described above, it flows from the upper end portion of the upstream channel portion 231 to the midstream channel portion 232 as indicated by arrow Y31. , and flows downward in the midstream passage portion 232 . Then, the flue gas G flows from the lower end of the midstream flow path part 232 into the lower end of the downstream flow path part 233 as indicated by an arrow Y32, flows upward in the downstream flow path part 233, and reaches the combustion exhaust gas flow path. 2 outflow port 230 . The heat exchange section 3 can also be provided in the middle of the downstream flow path section 233, although not shown. In this manner, the flow path form of the flue gas flow path 2 can be changed variously.

As shown in FIG. 3, the recovery device 1 has a plurality of ceramic balls 10. As shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 3 shows a simplified part of the cross section of the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2, and the inflow portion of the combustion exhaust gas G into the second flow path 22 and the combustion exhaust gas G from the second flow path 22 is omitted. Similar omissions are made in the drawings after FIG. 3 to be described later.

Specific examples of the ceramic constituting the ceramic ball 10 include alumina (for example, high-purity alumina, liquid-phase sintered alumina, etc.), mullite, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and the like. The material of the ceramic balls 10 can be changed variously according to the conditions in the combustion furnace (the kind of materials to be burned such as waste, the temperature of the combustion gas, etc.). For example, high-purity alumina is excellent in corrosion resistance, adhesion resistance, wear resistance, and the like. In addition, liquid-phase sintered alumina is excellent in thermal shock resistance, cost, and the like. Mullite is excellent in thermal shock resistance, lightness, cost, and the like. Silicon carbide is excellent in thermal shock resistance, light weight, and the like. Silicon nitride is excellent in wear resistance and the like.

In addition, the porosity of the ceramic ball 10 can be 0% or more and 20% or less, preferably 0% or more and 15% or less, from the viewpoint of wear resistance, corrosion resistance, thermal shock resistance, and the like. If the porosity of the ceramic ball 10 is low, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance are excellent, but the thermal shock resistance is poor. As the porosity of the ceramic ball 10 increases, the thermal shock resistance improves, but wear resistance and corrosion resistance decrease. If the porosity of the ceramic ball 10 exceeds 15%, the wear resistance is lowered, and if it exceeds 20%, the wear resistance is greatly lowered. Therefore, the porosity of the ceramic balls 10 can be selected in consideration of these factors in accordance with the conditions in the combustion furnace.

The shape of the ceramic ball 10 is preferably spherical from the viewpoints of improving the recovery of ash from the ceramic ball 10 and facilitating rotation and vibration of the ceramic ball 10 . In addition, the ceramic ball 10 can also have a through hole 101 as described later. The diameter of the ceramic balls 10 can be 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less, from the viewpoints of gap formation between the ceramic balls 10, weight reduction, thermal shock resistance, and the like. If the diameter of the ceramic balls 10 is too small, it becomes difficult for the combustion exhaust gas G to flow through the gaps between the ceramic balls 10, resulting in an increase in pressure loss. On the other hand, if the diameter of the ceramic ball 10 is too large, the ceramic ball 10 becomes heavy and the thermal shock resistance is lowered. The diameter of the ceramic ball 10 is preferably 15 mm or more and 40 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

The recovery device 1 stores the heat of the flue gas G in the plurality of ceramic balls 10 and causes the ash in the flue gas G to adhere to the plurality of ceramic balls 10, thereby recovering the heat and ash of the flue gas G. is configured to

Therefore, in the recovery device 1 , the plurality of ceramic balls 10 are heated by contact with the flue gas G that has flowed into the flue gas passage 2 , and the heat of the flue gas G is accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . As a result, heat is recovered from the flue gas G flowing through the flue gas passage 2 . Moreover, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 function as filters and adsorbents, and solid ash in the combustion exhaust gas G adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . Furthermore, since the combustion exhaust gas G is cooled by the heat recovery, the ash precipitated from the combustion exhaust gas G by the cooling also adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . Specifically, in this embodiment, when the flue gas G passes through the gaps between the plurality of ceramic balls 10 , heat is accumulated by heating the ceramic balls 10 , and the flue gas G is cooled. When the flue gas G passes through the gaps between the plurality of ceramic balls 10, solid ash adheres to the ceramic balls 10, and ash deposited from the flue gas G due to the cooling also adheres to the ceramic balls 10. Therefore, according to the recovery device 1, the heat of the flue gas G can be recovered in the flue gas passage 2, and at the same time, the ash in the flue gas G can be sufficiently removed.

Specific configuration examples for recovering the heat and ash of the combustion exhaust gas G will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9. FIG.

As exemplified in FIGS. 3 to 9, in this embodiment, the recovery device 1 is configured such that a plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be replaced in batches. According to this configuration, the flue gas G passes through the gaps between the plurality of ceramic balls 10, so that the ash collection efficiency can be easily improved. However, according to this configuration, the pressure loss of the combustion exhaust gas G tends to increase. The forms shown in FIGS. 3 to 9 will be described in order below.

FIG. 3 shows the basic form of the circuit device 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, the recovery device 1 has a holding member 11 that holds a plurality of ceramic balls 10, and the heat and ash content of the combustion exhaust gas G are recovered by the plurality of ceramic balls 10 held by the holding member 11. is configured to According to this configuration, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be collectively arranged at an arbitrary position in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2, and the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be easily replaced collectively in a batch manner. Note that the holding member 11 can hold a plurality of ceramic balls 10 in a filled state.

The holding member 11 can be made of, for example, a metal material such as a corrosion-resistant Fe-based alloy such as stainless steel, or a Ni-based alloy. The holding member 11 can be formed in a shape that allows the combustion exhaust gas G to pass therethrough. The shape of the holding member 11 may be net-like, basket-like, container-like (including tray-like), and the like. Specifically, FIG. 3 shows an example in which the holding member 11 is made of wire mesh.

FIG. 4 shows a first modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 4(a) shows an example (single-side exchange type) in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 held by a holding member 11 can be taken in and out from a side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2. FIG. According to this configuration, the plurality of ceramic balls can be easily replaced.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4B, the holding member 11 can be configured to have a frame portion 110 and a wire mesh portion 111 provided at the bottom portion of the frame portion 110 . The wire mesh portion 111 is detachable from the frame 110 so that it can be easily replaced when corroded. A plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be filled inside the frame portion 110 and above the wire mesh portion 111 . In FIG. 4A, the holding member 11 can be put in and taken out from an opening 201 provided on the side surface 20 of the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2. As shown in FIG. In this example, when the holding member 11 is inserted into the flue gas flow path 2, part of the frame 110 closes the opening 201 of the flue gas flow path 2 to cover it. is shown, a slide door or the like that can be opened and closed can be separately provided in the opening 201 .

FIG. 5 shows a second modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, a plurality of ceramic balls 10 held by a holding member 11 can be taken in and out not only from one side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2, but also from the other side surface 20 opposite to the one side surface 20. An example (alternate formula) is shown. According to this configuration, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be alternately exchanged from both sides 20 .

In FIG. 5, when the holding member 11 is put into the flue gas flow path 2, the frame 110 is configured to cover the openings 201 respectively formed on both side surfaces 20. there is In FIG. 5, the ceramic balls 10 held by the holding member 11 are accommodated in a chamber 202 having a slide door 201a that can be opened and closed. According to this configuration, when replacing the ceramic balls 10 held by the holding member 11, it becomes easy to suppress the combustion exhaust gas G in the fuel exhaust gas flow path 2 from flowing out to the outside.

The chamber 202 described above has a plurality of sliding doors 201a. By opening and closing a slide door 201a arranged on the flue gas flow path 2 side, the chamber 202 and the flue gas flow path 2 can be brought into communication or non-communication. ceramic ball 10 can be put in and taken out between the flue gas flow path 2 and the chamber 202 . In addition, the chamber 202 is configured such that a plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be put in and taken out together with the holding member 11 through another slide door 201a arranged on the opposite side of the slide door 201a arranged on the flue gas flow path 2 side. It is

FIG. 6 shows a third modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 are arranged not in one stage but in multiple stages in the flue gas flow path 2 (multi-stage replacement type). That is, according to this configuration, the heat and ash that could not be recovered by the ceramic balls 10 arranged on the upstream side of the flow of the combustion exhaust gas G can be recovered by the ceramic balls 10 arranged on the downstream side. can. Therefore, according to this configuration, it becomes easy to sufficiently recover heat and ash from the combustion exhaust gas G. The filling amount of the ceramic balls 10 arranged on the upstream side and the filling amount of the ceramic balls 10 arranged on the downstream side may be the same or different.

FIG. 7 shows a fourth modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 are arranged in multiple stages in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2, as in the third modification described above. A plurality of ceramic balls 10 arranged over a plurality of stages are configured to be able to be put in and taken out from one side surface 20 and the other side surface 20 . However, in FIG. 7, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 are not arranged over the entire cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the flue gas G from upstream to downstream in the flue gas flow path 2, and part of the cross-sectional area It is configured such that a plurality of ceramic balls 10 are arranged. Specifically, a plurality of holding members 11 that respectively hold a plurality of ceramic balls 10 are arranged so as to protrude alternately from one side surface 20 and the other side surface 20 . The protruding-side distal end of each holding member 11 is arranged so as not to contact the side surface 20 on the side opposite to the base-end-side end of each holding member 11 . According to this configuration, it becomes difficult to block the flow of the combustion exhaust gas G from the upstream side to the downward side, and it becomes easy to reduce the pressure loss. In addition, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 may be replaced one by one, or may be replaced at once.

FIG. 8 shows a fifth modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, in the fifth modification, in the fourth modification, the plurality of holding members 11 are arranged downstream with respect to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the flue gas G from upstream to downstream. This is an example of slanted arrangement. According to this configuration, it becomes possible to make the flow of the combustion exhaust gas G from the upstream side to the lower side smoother.

FIG. 9 shows a sixth modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, ceramic ball 10 has through hole 101 . A plurality of ceramic balls 10 are held by inserting a rod-shaped holding member 11 into each through hole 101 . Examples of the material of the rod-shaped holding member 11 include the metal materials described above. FIG. 9 shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 held by a rod-like holding member 11 can be alternately taken in and out from both side surfaces 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 . With such a configuration as well, the heat and ash content of the combustion exhaust gas G can be recovered.

-Comparison form-
A comparative form for this embodiment is, for example, a waste incinerator in which the flue gas flow path 2 is connected to the furnace body. Specifically, the waste incinerator of the comparative form does not include the recovery device 1 in the fuel exhaust gas flow path 2 shown in FIG. A section 3 (boiler) is installed in the third flow path 23 .

Since the waste incinerator of the comparative form incinerates waste such as various types of garbage, the combustion exhaust gas G contains corrosive gas and ash containing silica components, alkali components, chloride components, etc., which are derived from the waste. many included. Therefore, in the waste incinerator of the comparative form, ash adheres to the flue gas flow path 2, and gas and ash corrode combustion furnace parts such as the heat exchange section 3. In the waste incinerator of the comparative form, a cooling part (not shown) is provided on the flow path wall or the like of the second flow path 22 to cool the combustion exhaust gas G flowing through the second flow path 22 to lower the temperature and burn it. Precipitation of ash from the exhaust gas G is accelerated. In addition, the precipitated ash is dropped and deposited on the bottom of the second flow path 22 by the descending air current. This ash is taken out of the flue gas flow path 2 from the lower end of the second flow path 22 . The ash remaining in the flue gas G after passing through the second flow path 22 rises in the third flow path 23 and adheres to the surface of the heat exchange section 3, or is cooled during heat exchange. Precipitate and adhere. Therefore, in the waste incinerator of the comparative example, ash adheres to the heat exchange section 3, causing high-temperature corrosion and a decrease in heat exchange capacity.

On the other hand, as in the present embodiment, when the recovery device 1 is installed in the airflow of the flue gas G at a position on the upstream side where the temperature of the flue gas G is higher than the heat exchange section 3, the temperature of the flue gas G is higher. Heat can be efficiently recovered by heating the ceramic balls 10 of the recovery device 1 with the combustion exhaust gas G and accumulating heat. The combustion exhaust gas G is cooled by heating the ceramic balls 10 . Furthermore, the ash in the combustion exhaust gas G is adhered to the surface of the ceramic balls 10 in a solid state, and the ash in a gasified state in the airflow is cooled by the ceramic balls 10 and precipitated. By adhering, it can be efficiently collected.
Unlike the waste incinerator of the comparative embodiment described above, in comparison with only cooling in the second flow path 22, in this embodiment, since the recovery device 1 is installed in the airflow of the combustion exhaust gas G, the ash content is more efficiently can be recovered. In addition, when the heat exchange unit 3 is installed downstream of the recovery device 1, heat and ash are recovered by the recovery device 1, so the amount of ash reaching the heat exchange unit 3 can be easily reduced. Thereby, it becomes easy to suppress the deterioration of the heat exchange capacity due to the high temperature corrosion of the heat exchange portion 3 and the adhesion of ash.

(Embodiment 2)
A recovery device according to Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14. FIG. It should be noted that, of the reference numerals used in the second and subsequent embodiments, the same reference numerals as those used in the previously described embodiments represent the same components and the like as those in the previously described embodiments, unless otherwise specified.

As illustrated in FIG. 10, the recovery device 1 of the present embodiment basically stores the heat of the combustion exhaust gas G in the plurality of ceramic balls 10, similarly to the recovery device 1 of the first embodiment. , the heat and ash of the flue gas G are recovered by attaching the ash in the flue gas G to a plurality of ceramic balls 10 . Therefore, according to the recovery device 1 of the present embodiment, as with the recovery device 1 of the first embodiment, at the same time as recovering the heat of the flue gas G in the flue gas passage 2, the ash in the flue gas G is sufficiently removed. can be removed. However, in this embodiment, specifically, when the combustion exhaust gas G hits the plurality of ceramic balls 10, the ceramic balls 10 are heated to accumulate heat, and the combustion exhaust gas G is cooled. When the flue gas G hits the plurality of ceramic balls 10 , solid ash adheres to the ceramic balls 10 , and ash deposited from the flue gas G due to the cooling also adheres to the ceramic balls 10 . It should be noted that the configuration and operational effects described in the first embodiment can be considered as the configuration and operational effects of the second embodiment as necessary.

A specific configuration example for recovering the heat and ash of the combustion exhaust gas G will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 10 to 14. FIG.

As exemplified in FIGS. 10 to 14, in this embodiment, the recovery device 1 is configured such that a plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be continuously replaced. According to this configuration, the flue gas G can hit the plurality of ceramic balls 10 that are continuously supplied, so the pressure loss of the flue gas G can be easily reduced. However, according to this configuration, since only the combustion exhaust gas G hits the ceramic balls 10, the ash collection efficiency tends to be low. The forms shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 will be described in order below.

FIG. 10 shows the basic form of the circuit device 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 10, the recovery device 1 has a rolling member 12 that rolls a plurality of ceramic balls 10. While rolling the plurality of ceramic balls 10 with the rolling member 12, the heat and ash content of the combustion exhaust gas G are recovered. is configured to According to this configuration, the heat and ash of the combustion exhaust gas G can be continuously recovered by the ceramic balls 10 that move while rolling in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2 by the rolling member 12 .

The rolling member 12 can be made of, for example, a metal material such as a corrosion-resistant Fe-based alloy such as stainless steel, or a Ni-based alloy. The rolling member 12 can be formed in a shape that allows the combustion exhaust gas G to pass therethrough. Examples of the shape of the rolling member 12 include a mesh shape and a gutter shape. Specifically, FIG. 10 shows an example in which the rolling member 12 is made of wire mesh. In FIG. 10 , the rolling member 12 is arranged obliquely from one side surface 20 to the other side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 so that the ceramic balls 10 roll obliquely downward.

In the collecting device 1, the method of supplying the ceramic balls 10 to the rolling member 12 and the method of collecting the ceramic balls 10 from the rolling member 12 are not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the recovery device 1 is configured to be able to supply a plurality of ceramic balls 10 from one side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 to a rolling member 12 provided in the flue gas flow path 2. can do. In addition, the recovery device 1 can be configured to be able to recover the plurality of ceramic balls 10 rolling on the rolling member 12 provided in the flue gas channel 2 from the other side surface 20 of the flue gas channel 2. .

Specifically, in FIG. 11 , a ball supply section 41 having a gutter-shaped ball supply container 410 for receiving a plurality of ceramic balls 10 is provided on one side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 . 2 shows an example in which a ball recovery section 42 having a trough-like ball recovery container 420 for containing a plurality of ceramic balls 10 is provided on the other side 20 side of the device 2 . For example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12(a), the plurality of ceramic balls 10 are provided on one side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 by opening an openable and closable slide door 201a to open the ball supply container 410. By tilting, it can be fed to the rolling member 12 . Further, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 rolling on the rolling member 12 are collected by opening an openable and closable sliding door 201a provided on the other side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2, for example, as shown in FIG. It can be collected in container 420 . Note that FIG. 11 shows an example using a gutter-shaped ball supply container 410, but in addition to this, for example, as shown in FIG. can also be supplied to the rolling member 12 .

FIG. 13 shows a first modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 13 shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 are arranged not in one stage but in multiple stages in the flue gas flow path 2 . That is, in this example, heat and ash are continuously recovered from the combustion exhaust gas G in multiple stages by the plurality of ceramic balls 10 rolling on the rolling members 12 arranged in multiple stages in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2. According to this configuration, the heat and ash that cannot be recovered by the rolling ceramic balls 10 on the upstream side of the flow of the combustion exhaust gas G can be recovered by the rolling ceramic balls 10 on the downstream side. can. Therefore, according to this configuration, it becomes easy to sufficiently recover heat and ash from the combustion exhaust gas G.

Specifically, in FIG. 13 , the recovery device 1 has a plurality of ceramic balls 10 provided in the flue gas flow path 2 not only from one side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 but also from the other side surface 20 . It is constructed so that it can be supplied to the rolling member 12 . In addition, the recovery device 1 is configured to be able to recover the plurality of ceramic balls 10 that have rolled on the rolling member 12 not only from the other side surface 20 of the flue gas flow path 2 but also from one side surface 20 .

FIG. 14 shows a second modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. The recovery apparatus 1 of this example is the same as the first modification described above in that the recovery of heat and ash from the flue gas G is continuously performed in multiple stages. However, in the recovery device 1 of this example, the ceramic balls 10 that have finished rolling on the rolling members 12 arranged upstream of the flow of the combustion exhaust gas G move onto the rolling members 12 arranged downstream by dropping or the like. , the ceramic ball 10 starts to roll on the rolling member 12 again. According to this configuration, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 continuously meander in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2 from the upstream side toward the downstream side in the flow direction of the combustion exhaust gas G. Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to lengthen the contact time with the combustion exhaust gas G, which is advantageous for continuous heat recovery from the combustion exhaust gas G.

Specifically, in the recovery device 1 of the present example, the tip of the rolling member 12 on the upstream side does not reach the side surface 20 on the side opposite to the base end side of the rolling member 12 . A ceramic ball 10 that has been moved by being dropped or the like from the tip of the rolling member 12 on the upstream side is received by the rolling member 12 on the downstream side. In addition, in the recovery device 1 of this example, the ceramic balls 10 that have finished rolling on the rolling members 12 arranged last (second in FIG. It is configured to fall to the lower end of the channel 22 and be recovered from the lower end of the second channel 22 . In this case, the ceramic balls 10 can be separated together with the coarse ash deposited at the lower end of the second channel 22 . The ceramic balls 10 and coarse ash collected together can be easily separated using a sieve or the like.

(Embodiment 3)
A recovery device according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16. FIG.

As illustrated in FIG. 15, the recovery device 1 of the present embodiment stores the heat of the flue gas G and stores the heat of the flue gas G in a plurality of ceramic balls 10 to which ash in the flue gas G is adhered . It has a heat recovery part 13 for recovering heat. According to this configuration, the heat and ash of the flue gas G are recovered by the plurality of ceramic balls 10 in the flue gas flow path 2, and the heat and ash of the flue gas G are accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls 10 that have recovered the heat and ash. The heat of the flue gas G can be recovered by the heat recovery unit 13 outside the flue gas channel 2 .

The collection device 1 of this embodiment will be specifically described. The recovery device 1 shown in FIG. 15 has the same configuration as that of the second modification shown in the recovery device 1 of the first embodiment. However, the chambers 202 provided on both side surfaces 20 of the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2 shown in the second modification store the heat of the combustion exhaust gas G and adhere the ash in the combustion exhaust gas G. It is modified to function as a heat recovery section 13 that recovers the heat of the combustion exhaust gas G accumulated in the ceramic balls 10 .

Specifically, in the recovery device 1 shown in FIG. 15, heat is recovered by accumulating the heat of the flue gas G and applying an air flow to a plurality of ceramic balls 10 to which ash in the flue gas G is adhered . is configured as More specifically, as shown in FIG. 15 , in the recovery device 1 , the chamber 202 is configured so that the airflow F can be blown from the outside, and is blown into the chamber 202 to come into contact with the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . It is configured to be capable of blowing out the airflow F that has collected heat through the airflow. Although FIG. 15 shows an example in which the airflow F is blown upward from below, the airflow F can also be blown downward from above. Also, in this example, the ash adhering to the ceramic balls 10 can be recovered outside the chamber 202 after the heat recovery from the ceramic balls 10 by the air flow F.

In this example, an example in which the holding member 11 is configured in a tray shape by the frame portion 110 and the wire mesh portion 111 has been described. As described above, it may be a rod-shaped holding member 11 that penetrates the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . In this case, the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be moved to the heat recovery section 13 while being skewed and held by the rod-shaped holding member 11 .

FIG. 16 shows a first modification of the recovery device 1. As shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, instead of the heat recovery unit 13 described above, the recovery device stores the heat of the combustion exhaust gas G and heats the combustion exhaust gas G stored in a plurality of ceramic balls 10 to which the ash in the combustion exhaust gas G is adhered . A heat/ash recovery unit 14 is provided for recovering heat and ash in the flue gas G adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . According to this configuration, the heat and ash of the flue gas G are recovered by the plurality of ceramic balls 10 in the flue gas flow path 2, and the heat and ash of the flue gas G are accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls 10 that have recovered the heat and ash. The heat of the flue gas G and the ash in the flue gas G adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be simultaneously recovered outside the flue gas flow path 2 by the heat/ash recovery unit 13 .

Specifically, the heat and ash recovery unit 13 applies vibration in the vertical direction B1 and vibration in the horizontal direction B2 to a plurality of ceramic balls 10 that store the heat of the flue gas G and adhere the ash in the flue gas G. , a combination of these vibrations, or a revolving vibration, to separate and collect the ash. Here, the heat/ash recovery unit 14 is configured to vibrate the plurality of ceramic balls 10 by vibrating the holding member 11 that accommodates the plurality of ceramic balls 10 . The ash adhering to the ceramic balls 10 is separated from the ceramic balls 10 by vibration impact and friction. Further, the heat/ash recovery section 14 is configured to recover heat by applying an airflow F to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 as described above in the description of the heat recovery section 13 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 16, it is preferable that the airflow F is configured to blow downward from above. According to this configuration, the ash separated from the ceramic balls 10 and falling downward can be easily moved out of the chamber 202 by the airflow F. Therefore, there is no need to newly provide a mechanism for collecting ash from the chamber 202, and the simplification of the collecting device 1 can be achieved.

(Embodiment 4)
A method for recovering heat and ash from combustion exhaust gas according to Embodiment 4 will be described. The recovery method of this embodiment is a method of recovering the heat and ash content of the flue gas G using the recovery device 1 described in any one of the first to third embodiments described above. According to the recovery method of the present embodiment, since the recovery device 1 described above is used, the ash in the combustion exhaust gas G can be sufficiently removed at the same time as the heat of the combustion exhaust gas G is recovered in the combustion exhaust gas flow path 2. can.

(Embodiment 5)
A method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls according to Embodiment 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 20. FIG. In the method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls according to the present embodiment, a plurality of ceramic balls to which the heat of the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace is stored and to which the ash in the flue gas is adhered are prepared.

As the ceramic balls to be prepared, specifically, for example, the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is accumulated in a plurality of ceramic balls in the recovery device according to any one of the first to third embodiments described above, and the heat in the combustion exhaust gas is Examples include ceramic balls in which the heat and ash content of the combustion exhaust gas are collected by adhering the ash content to a plurality of ceramic balls.

Next, in the ceramic ball heat and ash recovery method according to the present embodiment, the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls are recovered. .

As a method for recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in a plurality of ceramic balls, for example, there is a method of recovering the heat by applying an air flow (air flow for heat recovery) to the ceramic balls in which the heat of the flue gas is accumulated . can be exemplified. An example of this is shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG.

In FIG. 17, a plurality of ceramic balls 10 that recover the heat of the combustion exhaust gas are housed and held in a container 5, and an air flow f1 directed from above to the plurality of ceramic balls 10 or an air flow f2 directed from below to above is generated. An example of recovering heat in a batch manner by applying either one is shown. Note that FIG. 17 shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 taken out together with the holding member 11 from the flue gas flow path 2 are accommodated and held in the container 5 . Alternatively, a plurality of ceramic balls 10 may be accommodated and held in the container 5 by another holding member 11 . A mechanism for exchanging the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be the same as that of the first embodiment.

In FIG. 18, while the plurality of ceramic balls 10 recovering the heat of the combustion exhaust gas are rolled by the rolling member 110 arranged in the container 5, the air flow f1 or An example is shown in which heat is continuously collected by directing any of the upward airflows f2 from below. Note that the rolling member 110 shown in FIG. 18 can have the same configuration as the rolling member 11 described in the second embodiment. Note that the replacement mechanism for the plurality of ceramic balls 10 can be the same as in the second embodiment.

In addition, an air flow containing no corrosive components can be used as the air flow for heat recovery. According to this configuration, the corrosive gas concentration and ash concentration in the heated airflow after heat recovery are reduced compared to the concentration in the combustion exhaust gas G, so the heated airflow can be used widely.

As a method for recovering the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls, for example, a method of separating and recovering the ash by vibrating the plurality of ceramic balls to which the ash of the flue gas is adhered can be exemplified. . An example of this is shown in FIG. FIG. 19(a) shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 to which ash of combustion exhaust gas is attached is placed in a rotating container BM such as a ball mill, and the ash adhering to the ceramic balls 10 is separated and recovered by impact and friction. ing. In addition, FIG. 19B shows an example in which a plurality of ceramic balls 10 to which ash of combustion exhaust gas is attached is placed in a vibrating sieve FR, and the ash adhering to the ceramic balls 10 is separated and collected by impact and friction. there is Note that FIG. 19B shows an example in which vibration in the vertical direction B1 and vibration in the horizontal direction B2 are applied. There are no particular restrictions on the type of vibration, such as vibration or gyration vibration.

In the method for recovering the heat and ash of the ceramic balls according to the present embodiment, after recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls, the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls is recovered. can do. According to this configuration, there is an advantage that the heat recovery efficiency is higher than the case where the ash is recovered first and then the heat is recovered.

In addition, the method for recovering the heat and ash of the ceramic balls according to the present embodiment also recovers the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls, and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls. can be configured to simultaneously perform the recovery of the According to this configuration, heat and ash are recovered simultaneously, so the time required for recovery can be reduced compared to the case where heat and ash are recovered separately.

An example of a method for simultaneously recovering heat and ash from multiple ceramic balls is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 20, a method of putting a plurality of ceramic balls 10 in a rotating container BM such as a ball mill and blowing an air flow f3 into the rotating container BM while rotating the rotating container BM can be exemplified.

Next, in the method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls according to the present embodiment, the plurality of ceramic balls after recovering heat and ash are reused for recovering heat and ash from combustion exhaust gas.

The ceramic ball heat and ash recovery method according to the present embodiment includes the steps described above. Therefore, according to the ceramic ball heat and ash recovery method according to the present embodiment, the heat and ash recovered by the ceramic balls can be further recovered from the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace. Afterwards, the ceramic balls can be reused again to recover heat and ash from flue gas.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Moreover, each configuration shown in each embodiment can be combined arbitrarily.

1 recovery device 10 ceramic ball 2 flue gas passage G flue gas

Claims (18)

A recovery device installed in a flue gas flow path through which flue gas generated by combustion in a combustion furnace flows and recovers the heat and ash of the flue gas,
The flue gas flow path includes a first flow path that guides upward the flue gas generated in the furnace body of the combustion furnace, and a second flow path that communicates with the upper end of the first flow path and guides the flue gas downward. and a third flow path that communicates with the lower end of the second flow path and has a heat exchange portion that exchanges heat with the flue gas,
The recovery device is installed in the second flow path,
The recovery device is equipped with a plurality of ceramic balls, and the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls, and the ash in the combustion exhaust gas adheres to the plurality of ceramic balls, whereby the configured to recover flue gas heat and ash;
recovery device. 2. The recovery apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said combustion furnace is a waste incinerator for incinerating waste. 3. The recovering device according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of ceramic balls are replaceable in a batch manner. It has a holding member that holds the plurality of ceramic balls,
The recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the heat and ash of the combustion exhaust gas are recovered by the plurality of ceramic balls held by the holding member. 5. The recovering device according to claim 4 , wherein said plurality of ceramic balls held by said holding member can be taken in and out from a side surface of said flue gas flow path. 3. The recovery device according to claim 1, wherein said plurality of ceramic balls are continuously replaceable. It has a rolling member for rolling the plurality of ceramic balls,
7. The recovering apparatus according to claim 1 , configured to recover heat and ash from said flue gas while said plurality of ceramic balls are rolled by said rolling member. 8. The recovering device according to claim 7 , wherein said plurality of ceramic balls are configured to be able to be supplied from a side surface of said flue gas channel to said rolling member provided in said flue gas channel. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , further comprising a heat recovery unit for accumulating the heat of the combustion exhaust gas and recovering the heat of the combustion exhaust gas stored in the plurality of ceramic balls to which the ash in the combustion exhaust gas is adhered . The recovery device according to item 1. The heat of the combustion exhaust gas stored in the plurality of ceramic balls to which the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is stored and the ash in the combustion exhaust gas is attached, and the ash in the combustion exhaust gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls. The recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , which has a heat/ash recovery section for recovering . 11. The recovery device according to claim 10 , configured to separate and recover ash by accumulating heat of the combustion exhaust gas and vibrating the plurality of ceramic balls to which ash in the combustion exhaust gas is adhered . . Any one of claims 9 to 11 , wherein the heat is recovered by accumulating the heat of the combustion exhaust gas and applying an air flow to the plurality of ceramic balls to which the ash in the combustion exhaust gas is adhered . The recovery device according to item 1. A method for recovering heat and ash from the flue gas using the recovery apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12 . The recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is used to store the heat of the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace and adhere the ash in the flue gas to the plurality of Prepare a ceramic ball,
recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls;
reusing the plurality of ceramic balls after recovering the heat and ash to recover the heat and ash of the flue gas;
Method for heat and ash recovery of ceramic balls. 15. The heat and ash of the ceramic balls according to claim 14 , wherein after recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls, the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls is recovered. collection method. Preparing a plurality of ceramic balls to store the heat of the flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion furnace and to which the ash in the flue gas is adhered,
recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls;
When reusing the plurality of ceramic balls after recovering the heat and ash to recover the heat and ash of the flue gas,
Simultaneously recovering the heat of the flue gas accumulated in the plurality of ceramic balls and recovering the ash in the flue gas adhering to the plurality of ceramic balls ,
Method for heat and ash recovery of ceramic balls. The method for recovering heat and ash from the ceramic balls according to any one of claims 14 to 16 , wherein the ash is separated and recovered by vibrating the plurality of ceramic balls to which the ash of the combustion exhaust gas is attached . The method for recovering heat and ash from ceramic balls according to any one of claims 14 to 17 , wherein the heat is recovered by applying an air flow to the plurality of ceramic balls in which the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is accumulated .

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