JP7132764B2 - electric point machine - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric point machine that converts turnouts of railroad tracks to normal/reverse positions.

An electric switch machine equipped with a motor is known as a power source required for switching a turnout. An electric point machine transmits rotational power generated by a motor to a speed reduction mechanism such as a speed reduction gear through a clutch, and the speed reduction mechanism converts it into torque suitable for driving a conversion mechanism and a lock mechanism. to convert the turnout.

Here, clutches for electric point machines are important because they absorb the shock from the motor that is applied to the reduction gears, etc. when interference or overload occurs, and prevent motor burnout if the interference condition continues. components. Conventionally, a friction clutch has been used for this clutch. However, friction clutches have a large change in transmission torque characteristics due to temperature, so it is necessary to periodically adjust the clutch performance according to the season, which increases the number of man-hours for periodic inspections, which is not good for maintenance. For this reason, in recent years, magnet clutches, which have smaller changes in transmission torque characteristics due to temperature than friction clutches, have become mainstream.

By the way, in an electric point machine, reversal that occurs after the end of switching of a turnout poses a problem. Reversal occurs when the reduction gear or the like continues to rotate due to inertia even after the motor is stopped. When a magnetic clutch is used as the clutch as described above, the inertia of the magnetic clutch is added to the inertia of the motor, and reversal tends to occur.

For this reason, a magnetic clutch and a magnetic brake are attached to the extension of the motor shaft, and a braking force that suppresses inertia is always applied to prevent the reversal or reduce the amount of reversal. 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-6054

However, with this method, the torque of the magnetic clutch cannot be adjusted, so when the load is lightened, the rotation speed increases during conversion, and the rotation speed of the conversion gear after conversion ends. It happens that it leads to inconvertibility. In this method, in addition to the motor current required for conversion, it was necessary to secure an extra motor current to cancel the braking force and increase the torque on the motor side, which required a large motor. In some cases, it was necessary to change incidental equipment such as increasing the power supply capacity or replacing the power cable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric point machine capable of suppressing unnecessary power consumption during switching and preventing reversal after switching. do.

A first invention for solving the above problems is
An electric point machine that converts a turnout by a coordinated operation of a rotation shaft of the motor, a speed reduction mechanism, and a conversion mechanism based on the rotational power of the motor,
an electromagnetic brake unit that brakes the rotating shaft;
An energization control unit for controlling energization to the motor and the electromagnetic brake unit, the energization control unit performing energization switching control at the end of conversion by stopping energization to the motor and starting energization to the electromagnetic brake unit. Department and
It is an electric point machine with

According to the first invention, it is possible to stop the energization of the motor and start the energization of the electromagnetic brake section at the end of conversion. Therefore, since there is no need to energize the electromagnetic brake unit during switching, it is possible to realize an electric point machine capable of suppressing unnecessary power consumption during switching and preventing reversing after completion of switching.

Moreover, the second invention is
The energization control unit has an electromagnetic brake adjustment unit that adjustably sets the braking force applied to the electromagnetic brake unit.
It is an electric point machine of the first invention.

According to the second invention, since the setting of the braking force of the electromagnetic brake section can be adjusted, it becomes easy to adjust the braking force during manufacture, installation, or maintenance, for example.

Moreover, the third invention is
The electromagnetic brake section
a cylindrical conductor that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft;
a coil portion facing the conductor provided in a fixing portion disposed inside the conductor;
and generating a braking force that brakes the rotating shaft by energizing the coil portion,
It is an electric point machine of the first or second invention.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic brake section is composed of a cylindrical conductor that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the motor, and the coil section that is fixedly arranged inside the conductor so as to face the conductor, Braking force can be generated by energizing the coil portion.

Moreover, the fourth invention is
The coil part is configured by arranging the electromagnetic coil part on the inner layer side and the inductor on the outer layer side,
It is an electric point machine of the third invention.

According to the fourth invention, the coil section can be configured by arranging the electromagnetic coil section on the inner layer side and the inductor on the outer layer side.

The top view which shows the point periphery of the railroad track for demonstrating the usage form of an electric point machine. FIG. 2 is a side view showing a partial cross section for explaining a configuration example of a drive mechanism of an electric point machine; AA sectional view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration example of a control system of an electric point machine;

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below, and the forms to which the present invention can be applied are not limited to the following embodiments. Moreover, in the description of the drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the vicinity of a point on a railroad track for explaining the mode of use of an electric point machine in this embodiment. The electric point machine 100 in this embodiment is fixed at a predetermined position with respect to the turnout 4 at the point 2 and is used by being connected to the turnout 4 .

The turnout 4 supports a movable rail 10 integrally connected by a connecting plate 8 between basic rails 6 on a floor plate 14 fixed to a sleeper 12 so as to be laterally slidable in the longitudinal direction of the sleeper. The sleeper near the tip of the movable rail 10 is a switch machine sleeper 12B longer than an ordinary sleeper 12, and an iron floor plate connected to a floor plate 14 is provided on the portion extending outside the basic rail 6. 18 is installed.

The electric point machine 100 is fixed to the floor plate 18 , the connecting plate 8 is connected to the operating rod 102 via the rolling point rod 16 , and the movable rail 10 is connected to the locking rod 104 via the connecting rod 20 . are joined together. Rotational power generated by the motor 230 is converted into linear motion of the operation rod 102 by the built-in conversion mechanism, and the turnout 4 is converted to normal position/reverse position, and is locked by the built-in locking mechanism. By locking, the orientation/reversal state of the movable rail 10 is fixed, and the state of the turnout 4 is prevented from being changed by an external force when the railway vehicle passes.

The electric point machine 100 includes a circuit controller 110, a control relay 112, an external terminal board 114, an electromagnetic brake controller 116, a speed reduction mechanism (not shown), and a conversion mechanism (not shown) in an openable case 101. and each mechanism part of the locking mechanism part. Further, on the side of the case 101, there is provided a drive mechanism section 200 in which three parts, namely a clutch section 210, a motor 230, and an electromagnetic brake section 250 are integrated.

Cables required for signals with a power supply and an external device (for example, an interlocking device) are collected in an external terminal plate 114 and then collectively pulled out from the case 101 as a cable bundle 109 . When a conversion command signal is received from the interlocking device, electric power is supplied from the control relay 112 to the motor 230, and the rotational power of the motor 230 is transmitted to the clutch portion 210, the speed reduction mechanism portion (reduction gear), and the conversion mechanism portion. A series of operations of unlocking, switching, and locking of the electric point machine 100 are performed by . At the end of conversion, the circuit controller 110 cuts off the power supply to the motor, confirms the locking state of the locking mechanism, and transmits a conversion completion signal to the interlocking device.

[About the drive mechanism]
FIG. 2 is a side view showing a partial cross section for explaining a configuration example of the drive mechanism section 200. As shown in FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drive mechanism section 200 includes a clutch section 210, a motor 230, and an electromagnetic brake section 250 that are linearly integrated in order from the projecting side of the output shaft 202 along the axis of the output shaft 202. become connected.

The clutch unit 210 is means for transmitting the rotational power of the rotating shaft 232 of the motor 230 to the output shaft 202 at a torque equal to or less than a predetermined upper limit torque, and is configured by, for example, a magnetic clutch. The rotating shaft 232 and the output shaft 202 are positioned coaxially and supported by ball bearings or bearings.

The motor 230 is a driving source of the electric point machine 100, and generates torque for conversion by being supplied with power when the circuit controller 110 turns on the power.

The electromagnetic brake unit 250 is means for stopping the reduction gear or the like at a predetermined stop position (rotational angle) at the end of conversion, and is connected to the rotating shaft 232 of the motor 230 . The configuration of the electromagnetic brake unit 250 will be described in detail below.

First, the anchor ring mounting disk 31 is fixed to the other end of the rotating shaft 232 of the motor 230 (the end opposite to the output shaft 202 side). A cylindrical anchor ring 32, which is a conductor, is fixed to the surface facing the motor 230 on the outer peripheral portion of the anchor ring mounting disk 31. As shown in FIG. The cylindrical anchor ring 32 is fixed to the anchor ring mounting disc 31 so that the opening of the cylindrical anchor ring 32 faces the direction of the rotating shaft 232 and the cylindrical shaft is coaxial with the rotating shaft 232 of the motor 230 . In addition, the side of the anchor ring 32 attached to the anchor ring mounting disc 31 and the side opposite to the side of the anchor ring mounting disc 31 are in an exposed open state with a gap provided between them and the motor 230, so that the anchor ring 32 and the anchor ring mounting circle The shape focused on two members, the plate 31, can be said to be a bottomed cylindrical shape in which the anchor ring mounting disc 31 constitutes the bottom portion and the anchor ring 32 constitutes the side portion. The anchor ring 32 is made of a metal such as aluminum or copper, an alloy, or a synthetic resin, and has electrical conductivity. At the position of the cylindrical axis of the anchor ring 32, the rotary shaft 232 is pivotally supported by bearings or the like with respect to the brake case 252 and the electromagnetic coil mount 33 fixed to the case.

The electromagnetic coil mounting base 33 that pivotally supports the rotating shaft 232 together with the brake case 252 is a cylindrical member having an insertion hole through which the rotating shaft 232 is inserted. fixed for

The electromagnetic coil mounting base 33 has a coil portion 35 which is formed of a soft magnetic material and wound around the outer circumference facing the anchor ring 32 . In the coil section 35, the electromagnetic coil section 36 is arranged on the inner layer side (close to the rotating shaft 232 and far from the anchor ring 32), and the inductor 37 is arranged on the outer layer side (close to the anchor ring 32 and far from the rotating shaft 232). Arranged and configured. The electromagnetic coil section 36 is energized and controlled by an electromagnetic brake controller 116 (see FIG. 1). Also, the outer peripheral surface of the inductor 37 is set so that a slight gap is formed between it and the inner peripheral surface of the anchor ring 32 .

The electromagnetic brake controller 116 includes, for example, a voltage regulator 118 (see FIG. 1) implemented by a volume, a digital switch, or the like, and supplies current to the electromagnetic coil section 36 according to the voltage setting by the voltage regulator 118. Equipped with a circuit that can By exciting the electromagnetic coil portion 36, an electromagnetic action is generated between the anchor ring 32 integrated with the rotating shaft 232 and the electromagnetic coil portion 36 via the inductor 37, and the rotating shaft 232 is braked. It functions as an electromagnetic brake.

[Regarding energization control]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration example related to energization control of the electric point machine 100 in this embodiment. The energization control unit 270 controls the conversion operation by causing the motor 230 to supply the electric power supplied from the power supply unit 260 based on the conversion command signal input from the outside of the electric point machine 100 . In addition, except during the conversion operation, control is performed so that the electric power for operating the electromagnetic brake unit 250 is supplied from the power supply unit 260 . Specifically, at the start of conversion of the turnout 4, the power supply to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 is stopped and the power supply to the motor 230 is started, so that the power supply switching control at the start of conversion is performed. energization is stopped and energization to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 is started, energization switching control at the end of conversion is performed. The start of conversion can be determined based on the conversion command signal, and the end of conversion can be determined by appropriately using a known technique. For example, the end of conversion can be determined based on whether or not the number of rotations of the motor 230 has reached a specified number of rotations, the detection results of sensors installed in the conversion mechanism section and the lock mechanism section, and the like.

The energization control unit 270 is configured by, for example, the circuit controller 110, the control relay 112, the electromagnetic brake controller 116, and the like in FIG. The operation control of the motor 230 is the same as that of the conventional electric point machine, and the energization control unit 270 includes a switching unit 290 and a brake control unit 280 as a configuration responsible for characteristic control in the present embodiment.

The switching unit 290 is a switching circuit that switches between the motor 230 and the brake control unit 280 to which the power supply unit 260 is connected, and can be configured by the control relay 112, for example. The switching unit 290 connects the power supply unit 260 to the motor 230 and switches the power supply destination from the power supply unit 260 to the motor 230 when it is determined to start conversion based on the conversion command signal. Also, when it is determined that the conversion is finished, the power supply unit 260 is connected to the brake control unit 280 to switch the power supply destination from the power supply unit 260 to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 via the brake control unit 280 .

The brake control unit 280 is means for controlling the excitation force generated by the electromagnetic brake unit 250 by controlling the voltage and current supplied to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 . For example, the electromagnetic brake controller 116 of FIG. 1 corresponds to this. Brake control unit 280 includes a voltage adjustment unit 281 , a rectification unit 283 and a current adjustment unit 285 . The power supplied from the power supply unit 260 to the brake control unit 280 by the switching of the switching unit 290 is adjusted to the appropriate voltage set by the voltage adjustment unit 281, and the current is rectified by the rectification unit 283. The current supplied to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 is limited by the adjustment unit 285 to be equal to or less than the allowable current, and is supplied to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 . In this embodiment, the voltage is adjusted by the voltage adjustment unit 281 so that the electromagnetic brake unit 250 generates a braking force sufficient to stop the reduction gear or the like at a predetermined stop position. For example, the voltage regulator 118 in FIG. 1 corresponds to the voltage regulator 281 .

In the case where the brake control unit 280 is equipped with a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and executes a program to realize the control function, the voltage adjustment unit 281 is realized by an IC memory or the like for storing set values. may

As described above, according to the electric point machine 100 of the present embodiment, the power supply to the motor 230 can be stopped and the power supply to the electromagnetic brake unit 250 can be started at the end of switching of the turnout 4 . Then, the electromagnetic brake unit 250 can be operated with a braking force adjusted so that the reduction gear or the like stops at a predetermined stop position. Since the magnetic clutch is used in the clutch portion 210, even under a situation where the inertia of the magnetic clutch is added to the inertia of the motor 230, it is possible to adjust the braking force in consideration of the inertia. According to this embodiment, this braking force is not exerted during the diverting operation. Therefore, unnecessary power consumption during conversion can be suppressed, and reversal after completion of conversion can be prevented. In addition, since the operation of the motor 230 and the operation of the electromagnetic brake unit 250 are not performed simultaneously, the combined amount of power is not required. There is no need to replace the cable with a large capacity. Since no extra torque is required during the shift to counteract the braking force, the motor is only sized to produce the torque required for the shift.

On the other hand, there are many types and sizes of turnouts, which are the loads of the electric point machine 100, and maintenance conditions such as the oiling state of the floorboards of the turnouts and the contact state between the movable rail and the floorboards are also involved. Since the magnitude of the load seen from the point machine 100 varies for each turnout, it is important to adjust the braking torque according to the state of each turnout in order to stop the reduction gear and the like at the target stop position. Become. In this respect, according to the electric point machine 100 of the present embodiment, for example, at the time of installation, the voltage adjustment unit 281 can be adjusted according to the state of the turnout to be converted. Therefore, it is possible to perform optimum braking torque adjustment according to the turnout (load) to be converted for each individual electric point machine 100, and it is possible to suppress variations in stop positions of reduction gears and the like. Note that the adjustment by the voltage adjustment unit 281 can also be performed during manufacturing, maintenance, or the like.

In addition, if the stop position of the reduction gear or the like varies, the time required for conversion (changeover time) will vary. For example, if the speed reduction gear or the like rotates excessively due to inertia, it may take time to rotate in reverse, delaying the conversion operation. In this respect, according to the electric point machine 100 of the present embodiment, since the reduction gear or the like can be stopped at a predetermined stop position, fluctuations in the switching time can be suppressed and the switching operation can be reliably performed within a fixed time. It is possible to finish. In addition, when multiple electric point machines are switched at the same time such as a movable K-shaped crossing, a point part of a high-speed turnout, a movable crossing, a scissor crossing, etc., and two electric point machines are used In the case of diverting large turnouts and the like, their diverting operations can be started at approximately the same time to be synchronized. Therefore, the switching time does not increase due to the switching operation being delayed in any of the electric point machines.

It should be noted that the application form of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and components can be appropriately added, omitted, or changed without departing from the gist of the invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the electric power supply destination is switched to the motor 230 at the start of conversion, and is switched to the brake control unit 280 at the end of conversion, so that the electromagnetic brake unit 250 is operated even after the reduction gear or the like stops. and On the other hand, after the reduction gear and the like are stopped, the power supply to the electromagnetic brake portion 250 may be stopped. For example, the energization of the electromagnetic brake unit 250 may be stopped when a sensor or the like detects that the locking mechanism unit has reached the locked state.

Further, in the above embodiment, the braking force of the electromagnetic brake section 250 is adjusted by adjusting the voltage by the voltage adjustment section 281, but the current may be adjusted. In that case, the current adjustment by the current adjustment unit 285 is configured to be changeable by a volume, a digital switch, or the like. Alternatively, it may be implemented by an IC memory or the like that stores the adjustment setting value of the current adjustment section 285 .

100 Electric Point Machine 200 Drive Mechanism Part 210 Clutch Part 230 Motor 232 Rotating Shaft 250 Electromagnetic Brake Part 31 Anchor Ring Mounting Disc 32 Anchor Ring 35 Coil Part 36 Electromagnetic Coil Part 37 Inductor , 33 electromagnetic coil mounting base, 252 brake case, 202 output shaft, 260 power supply unit, 270 electrification control unit, 280 brake control unit, 281 voltage adjustment unit, 283 rectification unit, 285 current adjustment unit, 290 switching unit, 2 points, 4 turnout

Claims (2)

An electric point machine that converts a turnout by a coordinated operation of a rotation shaft of the motor, a speed reduction mechanism, and a conversion mechanism based on the rotational power of the motor,
a clutch unit provided on the speed reduction mechanism side of the rotary shaft for transmitting rotational power of the rotary shaft to the speed reduction mechanism;
an electromagnetic brake portion provided on the other end side of the rotating shaft opposite to the speed reduction mechanism portion side for braking the rotating shaft;
An energization control unit for controlling energization to the motor and the electromagnetic brake unit, the energization control unit performing energization switching control at the end of conversion by stopping energization to the motor and starting energization to the electromagnetic brake unit. Department and
with
The motor is arranged between the clutch portion and the electromagnetic brake portion,
The electromagnetic brake section
a mounting disc fixed near the end of the other end of the rotating shaft and a cylindrical conductor fixed to a side surface of the mounting disc on the motor side;
a fixing portion having an insertion hole through which the rotating shaft is inserted and pivotally supporting the rotating shaft;
a coil portion fixed to the fixing portion;
has
The mounting disc and the conductor rotate integrally with the rotating shaft, with the mounting disc fixed near the end of the other end of the rotating shaft as a bottom, facing the opening direction toward the motor. Constructing a bottomed cylindrical body,
The fixed portion and the coil portion are arranged inside the bottomed cylindrical body,
The coil section has an integral structure in which an electromagnetic coil section whose energization is controlled by the energization control section is arranged on the inner layer side, and an inductor facing the conductor is arranged on the outer layer side.
Electric point machine. The energization control unit has an electromagnetic brake adjustment unit that adjustably sets the braking force applied to the electromagnetic brake unit.
The electric point machine according to claim 1.

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