JP7121407B2 - surgical drill bit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a surgical drill bit for use in drilling holes for implanting dental implants in the human jawbone.

Conventionally, a surgical drill bit used for drilling a hole for implanting a dental implant in a human jawbone is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). , the tip angle is set within the range of 80 to 150°.

Moreover, the surgical drill bit of Patent Document 2 includes a drilling portion for enlarging a pilot hole previously formed in the jawbone. The drilling portion has a tip surface having no cutting edge at the tip, and a first taper having a first cutting edge that is continuous with the tip surface and forms a first angle α that is an acute angle with respect to the central axis of the drill. a second tapered surface continuous with the first tapered surface and forming a second acute angle with respect to the central axis of the drill and having a second cutting edge; and a body surface continuous with the second tapered surface. Prepare. The first angle α is preferably in the range of 55°≦αa≦65°.

JP-A-6-7382 JP 2016-30090 A

However, according to the surgical drill bits of Patent Documents 1 and 2, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the hole to be drilled using a plurality of drills having different diameters.

Further, conventionally, after a tooth is extracted, a method of drilling an implantation hole for implanting a dental implant after a curing period of several months has been used. However, according to this, in the case of the maxillary anterior teeth, several months after tooth extraction, the thin alveolar bone on the labial side will be absorbed, so bone grafting such as GBR (Guided Bone Regeneration) is necessary, and esthetics Repairing the top will be difficult.

For this reason, in the recent dental implant treatment, the number of cases where dental implants are implanted immediately after extraction of the maxillary anterior teeth has increased. However, even in this case, it is necessary to form the implantation hole for the dental implant through a plurality of steps while using a plurality of tools after performing a predetermined tooth extraction process.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a surgical drill bit that can drill a hole for a dental implant in a single operation without requiring multiple steps.

The surgical drill bit of the present invention is
A surgical drill bit for drilling a hole for a dental implant, comprising:
Equipped with a blade portion having a tip portion provided with a cutting edge,
The tip angle is set within the range of 16 to 20°,
The diameter of the blade is set within the range of 1.8 to 5.0 mm ,
It is thinned .

According to the present invention, after a predetermined tooth extraction process, only the surgical drill bit of the present invention is used to immediately drill holes in the alveolar bone from the correct drilling position in the correct direction, and insert the implants into the alveolar bone. Implants can be formed.

In the present invention, the cutting edge of the tip portion has a shape in which the tip angle is constant up to the rear end of the tip portion or decreases toward the rear end. According to this, the alveolar bone can be drilled smoothly.

In the present invention, the web thickness is set in the range of 15% to 25% of the blade diameter, the groove length is set in the range of 10 to 26 mm, and the twist angle of the groove is set in the range of 15 to 30°. Another feature is that it is set. According to this, while maintaining the rigidity of the main body, it is possible to appropriately remove chips and realize cutting resistance suitable for cutting the alveolar bone.

In the present invention, it is preferable that at least three line markings having a width set within a range of 0.5 to 2 mm are provided at predetermined intervals on the blade. According to this, each line marking enables the operator to recognize well the drilling depth of the alveolar bone with the surgical drill bit.

1 is a front view of a surgical drill bit according to one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is a view showing the distal end portion of the surgical drill bit of FIG. 1 with an angle around the axis changed by about 90° from that of FIG. 1; It is the figure which looked at the surgical drill bit of FIG. 1 from the front end side. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the clearance angle of the distal cutting edge of the surgical drill bit of FIG. 1; 2 is a view showing line markings provided on the cutting edge of the surgical drill bit of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing how the surgical drill bit of FIG. 1 is used to drill an implantation hole for implanting a dental implant;

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a surgical drill bit according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this surgical drill bit 1 comprises a blade portion 2 and a shank portion 3 connected to the rear thereof for attaching the surgical drill bit 1 to a drill chuck.

The blade portion 2 comprises a tip portion 5 having two cutting edges 4 . The tip portion 5 has a substantially conical shape with the tip of the blade portion 2 as its apex. Further, the blade portion 2 has a groove 6 continuous from the tip portion 5 with a predetermined helix angle β for discharging chips. A preferable range of the twist angle β is 15 to 30°, and a more preferable range is 17 to 23°. In this embodiment, the angle is 20°.

A preferable range of the tip angle α1 is 16 to 20°, and is 18° in this embodiment. That is, as the value of the apical angle α1, a value suitable for drilling with the bone quality of the jawbone (alveolar bone) and the desired super-strong oblique angle is adopted.

The cutting edge 4 has a shape such that the tip angle α1 is constant up to the rear end of the tip portion 5 or decreases toward the rear end. The point angle is the angle when the cutting edge is projected parallel to the plane parallel to the axis of the surgical drill bit 1, and may vary depending on the location of the cutting edge.

The length L1 of the tip portion 5 is determined by the diameter of the blade portion 2 and the tip angle α1, and is about 7.3 mm in this embodiment. A preferable range of the diameter φ of the blade portion 2 is 1.8 to 5.0 mm, more preferably 2.0 to 3.5 mm. In this embodiment, it is approximately 2.34 mm.

A preferred range for the groove length L2 is 10 to 26 mm, and a more preferred range is 1.5 to 2.0 times the value obtained by adding the diameter of the blade portion 2 to the drilling depth. In this embodiment, it is 15 mm. The length L3 of the entire surgical drill bit 1 is approximately 25 to 45 mm, and is 40 mm in this embodiment.

FIG. 2 shows the tip portion 5 of the surgical drill bit 1 with an angle about the axis changed by about 90° from that shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the tip angle α2 of the tip portion 5 is, for example, about 14°.

FIG. 3 shows the surgical drill bit 1 viewed from the tip side. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the thinning is X-shaped (cross-shaped), which greatly reduces the thrust load and improves the bite. However, the thinning shape is not limited to this, and can be appropriately selected according to the bone quality and the like. Namely. A thinning cutting edge 8 is formed at the tip of the cutting edge 4 .

When viewed from the tip side as shown in FIG. 3, the angle γ formed by the thinning cutting edge 8 and the line passing through the tip of the blade portion 2 and in contact with the line of intersection between the groove 6 and the flank surface 7 is, for example, 95°. degree. The margin width t is, for example, approximately 0.23 mm. The recess depth d is, for example, approximately 0.1 mm. A radius r of the groove 6 is, for example, approximately 0.6 mm.

FIG. 4 shows the clearance angle of the cutting edge 4 . The flank 7 consists of three faces. The faces adjacent to and adjacent to the cutting edge 4 are present from the rake face 9 to distances W1 and W2, respectively. The values of W1 and W2 are, for example, 0.2 mm and 0.6 mm, respectively. The relief angles of the respective surfaces are, for example, θ1=15°, θ2=35°, and θ3=55° from the smallest side.

Also, the web thickness is 15 to 25%, preferably 17 to 23%, of the diameter of the blade portion 2 . The web taper is 0.5/100 and the groove width ratio is 1:1.2. Further, the surgical drill bit 1 is of a right-edged, right-hand twisted type, and since it is a device that is held by the operator's hand, it is not provided with a back taper.

FIG. 5 shows line markings provided on the rear side of the tip portion 5 of the blade portion 2 . As shown in FIG. 5, the blade portion 2 is provided with at least three line markings A to C at predetermined intervals from the tip side. Each of the line markings A to C is provided as a belt-like one over the entire circumference. These line markings A to C serve as criteria for recognizing the drilling depth when drilling with the surgical drill bit 1 .

Each line marking A to C has an axial width of, for example, about 0.5 to 2 mm. The tip of the line marking A is positioned at d1 from the tip of the blade portion 2 . The line marking B is located behind the line marking A by d2, and the line marking C is located behind the line marking A by d3. Values of d1 to d3 are, for example, 8 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm. In this case, the widths of the line markings A to C may be the same or different as long as it is easy to recognize the drilling depth.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining implant treatment using the surgical drill bit 1. FIG. For this implant treatment, for example, first, by a technique called root membrane technique, the crown 11 of the front tooth 10 to be implant treated is removed, the root 12 is cut, and a part (root membrane) on the lip 13 side is cut. A portion 14 is left, and the surface 15 opposite to the lip 13 of the portion 14 is modified, the cavity 16 is scraped, and the portion 14 is trimmed.

In FIG. 6, the crown portion 11 and the root 12 of the front tooth 10 are indicated by a two-dot chain line, and the portion 14 of the root 12 is indicated by a solid line.

Next, using the surgical drill bit 1, an angle of approximately 10° to the normal to the labial dentitional line 17 or the inner surface of the alveolar bone 18, i. Perforation from is performed.

At the start of this drilling, the tip angle of the surgical drill bit 1 is about 18°, and since appropriate thinning has been performed, the surgical drill bit 1 is placed at an accurate drilling position at an accurate drilling angle. Easy to position and start drilling.

This drilling is performed until it reaches a drilling depth of, for example, about 10 mm. In this case, the end of drilling is recognized when, for example, about half of the line marking A of the blade portion 2 is buried in the alveolar bone 18 .

When the drilling is completed in this manner, an embedding hole for implanting the implant is formed in the alveolar bone 18 . An implant body (artificial tooth root) of a dental implant is screwed into this embedding hole, and after three or four months, an artificial crown is attached via an abutment to complete the implant treatment.

As described above, the surgical drill bit 1 of this embodiment has a tip angle α1 of 16 to 20° and a diameter of 1.8 to 5.0 mm. Therefore, after pretreatment by root membrane technique or the like, the embedding hole can be easily drilled using only the surgical drill bit 1 .

That is, conventionally, after pretreatment, for example, a round diamond bur is used to form a starting point in the hard alveolar bone 18, an ISF diamond bur is used to determine the implant embedding direction with respect to the alveolar bone 18, and a marking bur is used to mark the alveolar bone 18. Although it was necessary to drill the implantation hole with a dental guide drill after forming the implant bed, these procedures can be performed at once with the surgical drill bit 1 .

In addition, since the cutting edge 4 of the tip portion 5 has a shape such that the tip angle α1 is constant up to the rear end of the tip portion 5 or decreases toward the rear end, drilling the alveolar bone 18 can be performed smoothly. can be done.

In addition, since the web thickness of the surgical drill bit 1 is 15% to 25% of the diameter, and the blade portion 2 has grooves 6 with a groove length L2 of 10 to 26 mm and a helix angle β of 15 to 30°, cutting A cutting force suitable for cutting the alveolar bone 18 can be achieved by appropriately removing debris.

In addition, since three line markings A to C having a width of 0.5 to 2 mm are provided at predetermined intervals on the blade portion 2, the depth of drilling of the alveolar bone 18 by the surgical drill bit 1 is determined by each of the line markings A to C. can be well recognized by the operator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Surgical drill bit, 2... Blade part, 3... Shank part, 4... Cutting edge, 5... Tip part, 6... Groove, 7... Flank, 8... Thinning cutting edge, 9... Rake face, A to C ... line marking, 10 ... anterior tooth, 11 ... crown, 12 ... root, 13 ... lip, 14 ... part of root, 15 ... surface, 16 ... extraction socket, 17 ... dentition line, 18 ... alveolar bone.

Claims (4)

A surgical drill bit for drilling a hole for a dental implant, comprising:
Equipped with a blade portion having a tip portion provided with a cutting edge,
The tip angle is set within the range of 16 to 20°,
The diameter of the blade is set within the range of 1.8 to 5.0 mm ,
thinned ,
A surgical drill bit , wherein the cutting edge of the tip portion has a shape in which the tip angle is constant up to the rear end of the tip portion or decreases toward the rear end . The web thickness is set within a range of 15% to 25% of the diameter of the blade,
The groove length is set within the range of 10 to 26 mm,
2. The surgical drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the twist angle of the groove is set within the range of 15 to 30 degrees. A surgical drill bit for drilling a hole for a dental implant, comprising:
Equipped with a blade portion having a tip portion provided with a cutting edge,
The tip angle is set within the range of 16 to 20°,
The diameter of the blade is set within the range of 1.8 to 5.0 mm,
thinned,
The web thickness is set within a range of 15% to 25% of the diameter of the blade,
The groove length is set within the range of 10 to 26 mm,
A surgical drill bit characterized in that the twist angle of the groove is set within the range of 15 to 30°. The surgery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least three line markings having a width set within a range of 0.5 to 2 mm are provided at predetermined intervals on the blade. drill bit for

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