JP7117263B2 - Construction method for constructing a slope surface layer, rainwater flow down control method, and construction method for controlling rainwater outflow to the downstream area - Google Patents

Construction method for constructing a slope surface layer, rainwater flow down control method, and construction method for controlling rainwater outflow to the downstream area Download PDF

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JP7117263B2
JP7117263B2 JP2019065854A JP2019065854A JP7117263B2 JP 7117263 B2 JP7117263 B2 JP 7117263B2 JP 2019065854 A JP2019065854 A JP 2019065854A JP 2019065854 A JP2019065854 A JP 2019065854A JP 7117263 B2 JP7117263 B2 JP 7117263B2
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slope
surface layer
filling material
rainwater
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謙一 小島
正広 岡本
隆博 野中
竜一 石垣
道幸 原田
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Railway Technical Research Institute
Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg Co Ltd
Tokyu Construction Co Ltd
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Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg Co Ltd
Tokyu Construction Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、のり面の侵食、表層すべり防止、およびのり面に降った雨水の流下速度や流量を調整するのり面表層を構築する工法、雨水流下抑制工法、及び下流域への雨水の流出を抑制する工法に関する。 The present invention provides a construction method for constructing a slope surface layer that prevents slope surface erosion, surface layer slippage, and regulates the flow rate and flow rate of rainwater that falls on the slope surface, a rainwater runoff control method, and rainwater outflow to the downstream area. It relates to a method of suppressing.

近年、ジオシンセティック（ジオセル）などの補強部材を用いてのり面を補強することが行われている。例えば特許文献１には、ジオセルをのり面に沿って配置し、かつ、ジオセルの内部を、土砂や砕石等の中詰め材で充填することが記載されている。ジオセルには、開口が設けられている。この開口は、例えば排水孔として機能する。 In recent years, reinforcing members such as geosynthetic (geocell) are used to reinforce the slope. For example, Patent Literature 1 describes disposing a geocell along a slope surface and filling the inside of the geocell with a filling material such as earth and sand or crushed stone. The geocell is provided with an opening. This opening serves, for example, as a drainage hole.

特開２０１７－２５５７９号公報JP 2017-25579 A

近年、各地でいままで想定されていなかったような集中豪雨（ゲリラ豪雨等含む）によって甚大な被害が発生している。豪雨による被害としては、堤防決壊による河川災害や道路災害、および斜面崩壊等が挙げられる。この内、降雨に起因する斜面崩壊には、侵食、表層すべりの土砂崩れなど、それほど規模が大きくないものから、土石流や地すべりなどかなりの規模で発生するものがある。このため、のり面を構築する際、のり面の表層が滑らないようにするとともに、下流域に対しては、雨水の流出抑制を実施することが望まれる。 In recent years, torrential rains (including guerrilla rainstorms, etc.) that have never been predicted have caused extensive damage in various places. Damage caused by heavy rains includes river disasters and road disasters caused by levee failures, and slope failures. Of these, rainfall-induced slope failures range from not so large-scale landslides such as erosion and surface slides to large-scale ones such as debris flows and landslides. Therefore, when constructing a slope, it is desirable to prevent the surface layer of the slope from slipping, and to suppress the outflow of rainwater in the downstream area.

本発明は、のり面に降った雨水の流下速度及び流量の少なくとも一方を調整することを目的とする An object of the present invention is to adjust at least one of the flow rate and flow rate of rainwater falling on a slope.

第１の発明は、
のり面に沿って敷設される表層構造体の一部であり、複数の開口を有する第１区画部材によって複数の第１のセルを前記のり面の傾斜方向に沿って形成し、
前記複数の第１のセルのそれぞれに充填される第１中詰め材の空げき率及び前記開口の開口率の少なくとも一方を前記傾斜方向に沿って変えることにより、のり面の表層を流下する雨水の流速及び流量の少なくとも一方を、前記傾斜方向においてのり尻に近づくにつれて下げる機能を持たせ、
前記第１中詰め材は、砂利、粒調砕石、トンネルズリの少なくとも１つを含む、のり面表層を構築する工法である The first invention is
forming a plurality of first cells along the direction of inclination of the slope by a first partitioning member which is a part of the surface layer structure laid along the slope and has a plurality of openings;
Rainwater flowing down the surface layer of the slope by changing at least one of the void ratio of the first filling material filled in each of the plurality of first cells and the opening ratio of the openings along the inclination direction . At least one of the flow velocity and flow rate of the slope has a function of decreasing as it approaches the bottom of the slope in the direction of inclination ,
The first filling material includes at least one of gravel, granular crushed stone, and tunnel muck, and is a construction method for constructing a slope surface layer.

第２の発明は、上記第１の発明において、前記第１区画部材の開口率をのり面に沿って変えるのり面表層を構築する工法である。 A second aspect of the invention is a construction method for constructing a slope surface layer according to the first aspect, wherein the aperture ratio of the first partition member is changed along the slope surface.

第３の発明は、上記第１又は第２の発明のいずれかにおいて、
のり尻に、
空間を横方向に複数の第２のセルに区画していて開口を有している第２区画部材と、
前記第２のセルに充填された第２中詰め材と、
を有している層を複数重ねた貯留部を設けるのり面表層を構築する工法である。 A third invention is, in either the first or second invention,
on the buttocks,
a second partitioning member laterally partitioning the space into a plurality of second cells and having openings;
a second filling material filled in the second cell;
This is a construction method for constructing a slope surface layer in which a plurality of layers having

第４の発明は、上記第１～第３の発明のいずれかにおいて、前記複数の第１のセルの少なくとも一部には雨水が一時的に貯留されるのり面表層を構築する工法である。 A fourth invention is a method of constructing a slope surface layer for temporarily storing rainwater in at least a part of the plurality of first cells in any one of the first to third inventions.

本発明によれば、のり面に降った雨水の流下速度及び流量の少なくとも一方を調整することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to adjust at least one of the flow rate and the flow rate of rainwater falling on a slope.

実施形態に係るのり面の補強構造を説明するための断面図である。It is a sectional view for explaining a reinforcement structure of a slope concerning an embodiment. 区画部材の構造を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a partition member; FIG. 区画部材の構造を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a partition member; FIG. 区画部材の構造を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a partition member; FIG. 区画部材の構造を示す斜視図である。4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a partition member; FIG.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、すべての図面において、同様な構成要素には同様の符号を付し、適宜説明を省略する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in all the drawings, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

図１は、実施形態に係るのり面の表層構造体１０を説明するための断面図である。のり面の表層構造体１０は、侵食防止シート部材１４０、第１区画部材（セル型枠材）１００及び第１中詰め材１２２で構成される。第１区画部材１００は、のり面の表面に沿って敷設されており、複数の領域（セル）１２０（第ｎの領域（セル））に区画している。第１区画部材１００は開口１０２（図２及び図３に図示）を有している。第１中詰め材１２２は、第１区画部材１００によって区画された複数の領域（セル）１２０のそれぞれに充填されている。そして、表層構造体１０において、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａから第ｎの領域（セル）１２０ｎの間で、各領域に充填される第１中詰め材１２２の粒径・粒度を変化させることにより、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａから領域（セル）１２０ｎの間で、水の貯留能力及び水の流速が変化する。ここで、第１区画部材１００の開口率をのり面に沿って変化させてもよい。これにより、表層構造体１０は、雨水がのり面に沿って流下する際、雨水を貯留する能力、並びに雨水の流速及び流量の少なくとも一方（好ましくは双方）を調整する機能を有している。なお、第１区画部材１００の開口率は、例えば第１区画部材の面積に対する開口面積の割合として定義される。また、第１区画部材１００の開口の大きさは、第１中詰め材１２２が通らないように設定されているのが好ましい。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a slope surface layer structure 10 according to an embodiment. The slope surface layer structure 10 is composed of an erosion prevention sheet member 140 , a first partition member (cell form member) 100 and a first filling member 122 . The first partition member 100 is laid along the surface of the slope and partitions into a plurality of regions (cells) 120 (n-th regions (cells)). The first partition member 100 has an opening 102 (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3). The first filling material 122 is filled in each of the plurality of regions (cells) 120 partitioned by the first partitioning member 100 . Then, in the surface layer structure 10, between the first region (cell) 120a to the n-th region (cell) 120n, the grain size of the first filling material 122 filled in each region is changed. As a result, the water storage capacity and the water flow rate change between the first region (cell) 120a to the region (cell) 120n. Here, the aperture ratio of the first partition member 100 may be changed along the slope. As a result, the surface layer structure 10 has the ability to store rainwater and the function to adjust at least one (preferably both) of the flow rate and flow rate of rainwater when the rainwater flows down along the slope. The aperture ratio of the first partitioning member 100 is defined, for example, as the ratio of the opening area to the area of the first partitioning member. Moreover, the size of the opening of the first partitioning member 100 is preferably set so that the first filling material 122 does not pass through.

なお、第１区画部材１００の開口率は、例えば５％以上５０％以下であるのが好ましい。また、第１中詰め材１２２の粒径・粒度は、例えば１５０ｍｍ以下であるのが好ましい。なお、第１中詰め材１２２の粒径の下限値は特に限定がない。 In addition, it is preferable that the aperture ratio of the first partitioning member 100 is, for example, 5% or more and 50% or less. Also, the grain size of the first filling material 122 is preferably 150 mm or less, for example. The lower limit of the particle size of the first filling material 122 is not particularly limited.

本発明の効果は、のり面が長大になった場合、特に大きくなる。従って、例えば高低差ｈが１５ｍ程度以上の長大のり面を本発明は対象にすることを基本としているが、必ずしも１５ｍ以上に限られない。第１区画部材１００は、上記したようにのり面に沿って敷設されている。第１区画部材１００が敷設されることにより、複数の領域（セル）１２０に区画される。第１区画部材１００は、例えばジオセルなどの高密度ポリエチレン製の帯状シートを超音波で千鳥配置に熱溶着した立体ハニカム状のセル型枠材である。第１区画部材１００がジオセルである場合、第１区画部材１００の少なくとも一部は現場で組み立ててもよい。 The effect of the present invention is particularly large when the slope surface is long. Therefore, although the present invention basically deals with a long slope having a height difference h of about 15 m or more, it is not necessarily limited to 15 m or more. The first partition member 100 is laid along the slope as described above. A plurality of regions (cells) 120 are partitioned by laying the first partition member 100 . The first partition member 100 is a three-dimensional honeycomb-like cell form member obtained by heat-welding, for example, a band-like sheet made of high-density polyethylene, such as geocell, with ultrasonic waves in a zigzag arrangement. If the first partition member 100 is a geocell, at least a portion of the first partition member 100 may be assembled on site.

第１区画部材１００には複数の開口１０２が設けられている。開口１０２が設けられることにより、のり面の上に第１区画部材１００を設けても、第１区画部材１００によって雨水等の流れがせき止められることを防止できる。 A plurality of openings 102 are provided in the first partition member 100 . By providing the opening 102, even if the first partitioning member 100 is provided on the slope surface, it is possible to prevent the first partitioning member 100 from blocking the flow of rainwater or the like.

領域（セル）１２０は、第１中詰め材１２２によって充填されている。第１中詰め材１２２としては、例えば砂利、粒調砕石、トンネルズリなどの現地発生土等の中から１種又は２種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。第１中詰め材１２２は、空げき率や透水性能を変化させるために粒度調整が行われている。一例として、第１の領域（セル）１２０に充填される第１中詰め材１２２は、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａよりも下方に位置する第２の領域（セル）１２０ｂに充填される第１中詰め材１２２よりも、水が通りやすい。例えば、のり面の上部には、より粒度の大きいものを埋め戻し、下部にいくにしたがい細粒分を増やすなどして段階的に第１中詰め材１２２の透水性能を下げると、のり面を流下する雨水の流速及び流量を調整することができ、表層部を直接流下する雨水に対して時間差を造ることができる。その結果、のり面に降った雨水が一気に流れ落ちるのを防ぐことが可能となり、雨水の流出速度や流量を調整することができ、雨水の流出抑制を図れる。また、上部には粒径の大きな砕石等を埋め戻した場合、ある程度の貯留機能も期待できる。なお、例えば、第１中詰め材１２２としてトンネルズリなどの現地発生土を用いる場合には、スクリーンなどを通して粒度調整を行う必要がある。 A region (cell) 120 is filled with a first filling material 122 . As the first filling material 122, for example, one or more of locally generated soil such as gravel, granular crushed stone, and tunnel muck can be appropriately selected and used. The grain size of the first filling material 122 is adjusted in order to change the void ratio and water permeability. As an example, the first filling material 122 that fills the first region (cell) 120 is the second region (cell) that fills the second region (cell) 120b located below the first region (cell) 120a. Water is more likely to pass through than 1 filling material 122 . For example, if the water permeability of the first filling material 122 is lowered step by step by backfilling with larger grains in the upper part of the slope and increasing the fine grains as it goes to the lower part, the slope will be smoother. It is possible to adjust the flow velocity and flow rate of the rainwater flowing down, and to create a time lag for the rainwater directly flowing down the surface layer. As a result, it is possible to prevent the rainwater that has fallen on the slope from flowing down at once, and it is possible to adjust the outflow speed and flow rate of the rainwater, thereby suppressing the outflow of the rainwater. In addition, if crushed stone with a large particle size is backfilled in the upper part, a certain degree of storage function can be expected. It should be noted that, for example, when locally generated soil such as tunnel muck is used as the first filling material 122, it is necessary to adjust the particle size through a screen or the like.

例えば、最も上の第１の領域（セル）１２０ａにおいては、第１中詰め材１２２の粒径を大きくするとともに第１区画部材１００の開口率を小さくすることにより、雨水の貯留機能を大きくする。一方、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａの下の第２の領域（セル）１２０ｂにおいては、第１中詰め材１２２の粒径を小さくするとともに第１区画部材１００の開口率を小さくすることにより、雨水の流下を遅らせる機能を持たせる。また、第２の領域（セル）１２０ｂの下の領域（セル）１２０ｃにおいては、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａと第２の領域（セル）１２０ｂの中間的な機能を持たせる。 For example, in the uppermost first region (cell) 120a, the grain size of the first filling material 122 is increased and the opening ratio of the first partitioning member 100 is decreased, thereby increasing the function of storing rainwater. . On the other hand, in the second region (cell) 120b under the first region (cell) 120a, by reducing the grain size of the first filling material 122 and reducing the aperture ratio of the first partition member 100, , to have the function of delaying the flow of rainwater. A region (cell) 120c under the second region (cell) 120b has an intermediate function between the first region (cell) 120a and the second region (cell) 120b.

一方、のり面の下部（例えば最も下の領域（セル）１２０ｎ）においては、第１中詰め材１２２の粒径を大きくするとともに第１区画部材１００の開口率を小さくすることにより、雨水を貯留する機能を大きくするが好ましい。 On the other hand, in the lower part of the slope (for example, the lowest region (cell) 120n), the grain size of the first filling material 122 is increased and the opening ratio of the first partitioning member 100 is decreased to store rainwater. It is preferable to increase the function to

なお、第１の領域（セル）１２０に充填される第１中詰め材１２２は、第１の領域（セル）１２０よりも下方に位置する第２の第１領域（セル）１２０に充填される第１中詰め材１２２よりも、水が通りにくくてもよい。例えば、のり面の上部には、より粒度の小さいものを埋め戻し、下部にいくにしたがい大粒分を増やすなどして段階的に第１中詰め材１２２の透水性能を上げてもよい。 The first filling material 122 filled in the first region (cell) 120 is filled in the second first region (cell) 120 located below the first region (cell) 120. It may be more difficult for water to pass through than the first filling material 122 . For example, the water permeability of the first filling material 122 may be increased stepwise by backfilling smaller grains in the upper part of the slope and increasing the larger grains in the lower part.

さらに、のり面ののり尻には、貯留部２０が設けられている。貯留部２０は、のり面に沿って流れてきた雨水、すなわち第１区画部材１００及び第１中詰め材１２２を通ってきた雨水を一時的に溜めておく。そして、貯留部２０のうちのり面とは対向しない側面、例えばのり面とは逆側の側面からは、雨水が流れ出るようになっている。貯留部２０を設けることにより、のり面を流れ落ちてきた雨水が一時的に貯留部２０で蓄えられるため、のり尻から急激に排水されることを抑制できる。 Furthermore, a storage portion 20 is provided at the toe of the slope. The storage part 20 temporarily stores rainwater that has flowed along the slope surface, that is, rainwater that has passed through the first partition member 100 and the first filling material 122 . Rainwater flows out from the side surface of the reservoir 20 that does not face the slope, for example, the side surface opposite to the slope. By providing the storage part 20, the rainwater flowing down the slope surface is temporarily stored in the storage part 20, so that rapid drainage from the toe of the slope can be suppressed.

貯留部２０は、複数の層２１０を重ねた構成を有している。層２１０は、第２区画部材２２０及び第２中詰め材２３２を有している。第２区画部材２２０も、例えばジオセルなどの高密度ポリエチレン製の帯状シートを超音波で千鳥配置に熱溶着した立体ハニカム状のセル型枠材である。第２区画部材２２０は、空間を横方向に複数の領域（セル）２３０（第２の領域（セル））に区画している。また、第２区画部材２２０は複数の開口を有している。 The reservoir 20 has a structure in which a plurality of layers 210 are stacked. Layer 210 has a second partition member 220 and a second filler material 232 . The second partitioning member 220 is also a three-dimensional honeycomb-like cellular form member obtained by heat-welding, for example, a high-density polyethylene belt-like sheet such as geocell with ultrasonic waves in a zigzag arrangement. The second partition member 220 laterally partitions the space into a plurality of regions (cells) 230 (second regions (cells)). Also, the second partition member 220 has a plurality of openings.

第２中詰め材２３２は、領域（セル）２３０に充填されている。第２中詰め材２３２としては、例えば土砂、砂利、砕石、トンネルズリなどの現地発生土等の中から１種又は２種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。そして、第２区画部材２２０の開口率（第２区画部材２２０の面積に対する開口面積の割合）、及び第２中詰め材２３２の粒度分布の少なくとも一方を調整することにより、貯留部２０から流れ出る単位時間当たりの水量を調整できる。 The second filling material 232 fills the regions (cells) 230 . As the second filling material 232, for example, one or more of locally generated soil such as earth and sand, gravel, crushed stone, and tunnel muck can be appropriately selected and used. By adjusting at least one of the opening ratio of the second partitioning member 220 (the ratio of the opening area to the area of the second partitioning member 220) and the particle size distribution of the second filling material 232, the unit that flows out from the storage part 20 You can adjust the amount of water per hour.

なお、貯留部２０は、のり面の下端につながる地面に埋め込まれている。具体的には、その地面には凹部が設けられている。そして、貯留部２０は、この凹部の底面及びのり面側の側面に貯留用のシート２４０を敷き、さらに凹部の中に層２１０を積み重ねることにより、形成されている。また、少なくとも最上層の層２１０は、のり尻に位置する領域（セル）１２０につながっている。 In addition, the storage part 20 is embedded in the ground connected to the lower end of the slope. Specifically, the ground is provided with a recess. The storage portion 20 is formed by laying a sheet 240 for storage on the bottom surface and the side surface of the glue surface of the recess, and stacking the layer 210 in the recess. In addition, at least the uppermost layer 210 is connected to the region (cell) 120 located at the bottom of the slope.

また、のり尻の近傍には、盛土からの排水を促すための排水パイプ３００が差し込まれている。排水パイプ３００の先端は水を排出することができるようになっている。例えば、排水パイプ３００の先端は表層構造体に接している。 Also, a drainage pipe 300 is inserted in the vicinity of the bottom of the slope to promote drainage from the embankment. The tip of the drain pipe 300 can drain water. For example, the tip of the drainage pipe 300 is in contact with the surface layer structure.

図２は、第１区画部材１００の一部である第１区画部材１００ａの構造を示す斜視図であり、図３は、第１区画部材１００の他の一部である第１区画部材１００ｂの構造を示す斜視図である。ただし、第１区画部材１００はこの２種類に限定されるものではなく、例えば図５に示すように、のり面上に形成される複数の領域（セル）１２０（第ｎの領域）の数だけそれぞれ異なる開口率の第１区画部材１００があってもよい。この場合、第１区画部材１００の開口率は、のり尻に近くなるにつれて下がる。ただし、この場合においても、同一の領域（セル）１２０に含まれる第１区画部材１００の開口率は、互いに等しい。例えば第１区画部材１００ａは、のり面の上側１０％（全敷設領域に対する割合）の領域に敷設され、第１区画部材１００ｂは、のり面の下側１０％（全敷設領域に対する割合）の領域に敷設し、その間には開口率を変えた第１区画部材１００を敷設してもよい。ただし、敷設面積の割合は、上記した値に限定されるものではなく、想定される降雨強度、のり面のながさ、あるいは、地域全体の排水計画等を考慮して変更されてしかるべきものである。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of a first partitioning member 100a that is part of the first partitioning member 100, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows a structure. However, the first partition member 100 is not limited to these two types. For example, as shown in FIG. There may be first partition members 100 with different aperture ratios. In this case, the aperture ratio of the first partitioning member 100 decreases as it approaches the bottom of the slope. However, even in this case, the aperture ratios of the first partition members 100 included in the same region (cell) 120 are equal to each other. For example, the first partitioning member 100a is laid on the upper 10% (ratio of the total laying area) area of the slope surface, and the first dividing member 100b is laid on the lower 10% (percentage of the total laying area) area of the slope surface. The first partition member 100 having a different opening ratio may be laid between them. However, the ratio of the laying area is not limited to the above values, and should be changed in consideration of the expected rainfall intensity, the length of the slope, or the drainage plan for the entire area. .

図２及び図３に示すように、第１区画部材１００ａ及び第１区画部材１００ｂは、いずれも開口１０２を有している。例えば、第１区画部材１００ａの開口率を小さくして雨水の流下速度を遅らせるとともに、第１区画部材１００ａによって形成される第１の領域（セル）１２０ａに充填する第１中詰め材１２２として粒径の大きい砕石等を用いると、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａの中の空げきに、のり面に降った雨水を貯留することが可能となる。図２及び図３に示す例において、第１区画部材１００の開口率は開口１０２の数や大きさによって調整されている。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, both the first partition member 100a and the first partition member 100b have openings 102. As shown in FIGS. For example, the opening ratio of the first partitioning member 100a is reduced to retard the downflow speed of rainwater, and grains are used as the first filling material 122 to be filled in the first regions (cells) 120a formed by the first partitioning member 100a. If crushed stone or the like with a large diameter is used, it is possible to store rainwater falling on the slope surface in the voids in the first area (cell) 120a. In the examples shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the aperture ratio of the first partitioning member 100 is adjusted by the number and size of the apertures 102 .

なお、図４に示すように、第１中詰め材１２２のうち粒度が変化する部分の境界には、不織布などの、第１中詰め材１２２よりも開口が小さく透水性を有するシート１３０を配置するのが好ましい。このようにすると、この境界線近傍で粒度が異なる第１中詰め材１２２が混ざり合うことを抑制できる。 As shown in FIG. 4, a water-permeable sheet 130 such as a non-woven fabric having openings smaller than those of the first filling material 122 is arranged at the boundary between the portions of the first filling material 122 where the particle size changes. preferably. By doing so, it is possible to suppress mixing of the first filling materials 122 having different particle sizes in the vicinity of the boundary line.

なお、領域（セル）１２０の開口率の調整、及び第１中詰め材１２２の粒度・粒径調整のいずれか一方のみによって、第１の領域（セル）１２０ａの水の流れやすさと第２の領域（セル）１２０ｂの水の流れやすさを調整してもよい。言い換えると、全ての第１区画部材１００を同一の構造（すなわち同じ開口率のもの）にしたうえで、第１中詰め材１２２の粒度分布を変化させることによって水の流れやすさを調整してもよい。あるいは反対に、全ての第１中詰め材１２２を同一にしたうえで、第１区画部材１００の開口率を変化させることによって水の流れやすさを調整してもよい。 It should be noted that either one of the adjustment of the opening ratio of the region (cell) 120 and the adjustment of the particle size/particle size of the first filling material 122 can improve the ease of water flow in the first region (cell) 120a and the second. You may adjust the ease of water flow of the area|region (cell) 120b. In other words, all the first partitioning members 100 have the same structure (that is, have the same opening ratio), and the particle size distribution of the first filling material 122 is changed to adjust the ease of water flow. good too. Alternatively, on the contrary, the easiness of water flow may be adjusted by changing the opening ratio of the first partitioning member 100 while all the first filling materials 122 are the same.

また、表層構造体１０をのり面に沿って３つ以上の区間に分割し、第１区画部材１００の開口率及び第１中詰め材１２２の粒径・粒度の少なくとも一方を各区間で変えることにより、下に行くにつれて領域（セル）１２０を水が流れやすいようにしてもよい。例えば第１区画部材１００の開口率を各区間で変える場合、同一の区間においては、同一の領域（セル）１２０及び第１中詰め材１２２を施工してもよい。 Also, the surface layer structure 10 is divided into three or more sections along the slope, and at least one of the aperture ratio of the first partitioning member 100 and the grain size of the first filling material 122 is changed in each section. may facilitate water flow through the regions (cells) 120 as they go downwards. For example, when the opening ratio of the first partition member 100 is changed in each section, the same region (cell) 120 and the first filling material 122 may be applied in the same section.

なお、第１区画部材１００及び第１中詰め材１２２の上には、侵食防止シート部材１４０が敷設されてもよい。侵食防止シート部材１４０は、例えばマット状の部材であり、植物を育成できるようになっていてもよい。この場合、侵食防止シート部材１４０は、種子及び肥料を含んでいてもよい。 An erosion prevention sheet member 140 may be laid on the first partition member 100 and the first filling material 122 . The erosion-preventing sheet member 140 is, for example, a mat-like member, and may be adapted to grow plants. In this case, the erosion prevention sheet member 140 may contain seeds and manure.

以上、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態について述べたが、これらは本発明の例示であり、上記以外の様々な構成を採用することもできる。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, these are examples of the present invention, and various configurations other than those described above can also be adopted.

１０ 表層構造体
２０ 貯留部
１００ 第１区画部材（セル型枠材）
１００ａ 第１区画部材１００の一部
１００ｂ 第１区画部材１００の他の一部
１０２ 開口
１２０ 領域（セル）
１２０ａ 第１の領域
１２０ｂ 第２の領域
１２２ 第１中詰め材
１３０ シート
１４０ 侵食防止シート部材
２１０ 層
２２０ 第２区画部材
２３０ 領域（セル）
２３２ 第２中詰め材
２４０ シート
３００ 排水パイプ 10 surface structure 20 reservoir 100 first partition member (cell formwork)
100a Part of first partition member 100 100b Other part of first partition member 100 102 Opening 120 Region (cell)
120a First region 120b Second region 122 First filling material 130 Sheet 140 Erosion prevention sheet member 210 Layer 220 Second partitioning member 230 Region (cell)
232 Second filling material 240 Sheet 300 Drainage pipe

Claims (3)

のり面に沿って敷設される表層構造体の一部であり、複数の開口を有する第１区画部材によって複数の第１のセルを前記のり面の傾斜方向に沿って形成し、
前記複数の第１のセルのそれぞれに充填される第１中詰め材の空げき率及び前記開口の開口率の少なくとも一方を前記傾斜方向に沿って変えることにより、のり面の表層を流下する雨水の流速及び流量の少なくとも一方を、前記傾斜方向においてのり尻に近づくにつれて下げる機能を持たせ、
前記第１中詰め材は、砂利、粒調砕石、トンネルズリの少なくとも１つを含む、のり面表層を構築する工法。 forming a plurality of first cells along the direction of inclination of the slope by a first partitioning member which is a part of the surface layer structure laid along the slope and has a plurality of openings;
Rainwater flowing down the surface layer of the slope by changing at least one of the void ratio of the first filling material filled in each of the plurality of first cells and the opening ratio of the openings along the inclination direction . At least one of the flow velocity and flow rate of the slope has a function of decreasing as it approaches the bottom of the slope in the direction of inclination ,
The method of constructing a slope surface layer , wherein the first filling material includes at least one of gravel, granular crushed stone, and tunnel muck . 請求項１に記載ののり面表層を構築する工法において、
のり尻に、
空間を横方向に複数の第２のセルに区画していて開口を有している第２区画部材と、
前記第２のセルに充填された第２中詰め材と、
を有している層を複数重ねた貯留部を設け、
前記第２中詰め材は、土砂、砂利、砕石、トンネルズリの少なくとも１つを含むのり面表層を構築する工法。 In the construction method for constructing the slope surface layer according to claim 1 ,
on the buttocks,
a second partitioning member laterally partitioning the space into a plurality of second cells and having openings;
a second filling material filled in the second cell;
A reservoir is provided in which a plurality of layers having
A method of constructing a slope surface layer in which the second filling material includes at least one of earth and sand, gravel, crushed stone, and tunnel muck . 請求項１または２に記載ののり面表層を構築する工法において、
前記複数の第１のセルの少なくとも一部には雨水が一時的に貯留されるのり面表層を構築する工法。 In the construction method for constructing the slope surface layer according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A method of constructing a slope surface layer in which rainwater is temporarily stored in at least a part of the plurality of first cells.
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