JP7115350B2 - stacked battery - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to stacked batteries.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, there is an increasing demand for laminated batteries with high output for large power vehicles such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Stacked type batteries include, for example, one or a plurality of constituent unit cells in which a positive electrode current collector layer, a positive electrode active material layer, an electrolyte layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector layer are stacked in this order. It has a structure that is

It is known that the inside of a stack-type battery may generate heat when the stack-type battery is charged and discharged. The heat generated inside the stack type battery can cause a reduction in the life of the stack type battery. Therefore, it is required to improve the heat dissipation performance of the laminated battery.

Patent Document 1 discloses a battery that includes a power generation element having a through portion that penetrates the upper surface side and the lower surface side in the stacking direction, and a recess that is recessed in the through direction of the through portion at a position corresponding to the through portion of the power generation element. A laminated battery having an outer package is disclosed. According to the same document, since the stacked battery has such a structure, heat accumulated inside the stacked battery can be released by the concave portion of the battery outer casing, and the heat dissipation performance can be improved. and

Patent Literature 2 discloses a stacked battery in which structural unit cells are stacked with a spacer interposed therebetween, and a structure in which the side surface of the spacer is welded and fixed to a cooler provided on the side surface of the stacked battery.

Note that Patent Document 3 discloses an all-solid-state battery that suppresses short circuits. The document discloses a structure in which one current collecting tab extends from the current collector layer.

JP 2007-18917 A JP 2012-256790 A JP 2018-55898 A

High output is required for stacked batteries used for large motive power such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. It is considered that when the output of the stacked battery is increased, the amount of heat generated inside the stacked battery also increases accordingly.

Accordingly, with the demand for higher output of batteries, there is a demand for more efficient regulation of the temperature inside the battery.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a stacked battery capable of efficiently adjusting the internal temperature.

The present discloser has found that the above objects can be achieved by the following means:
A stacked battery having one or a plurality of unit cells stacked together,
at least one of the constituent unit cells has a current collector layer having a plurality of extensions, and at least one of the extensions is connected to a temperature control member;
Stacked battery.

Advantageous Effects of Invention According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a stacked battery capable of efficiently adjusting the internal temperature.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a structural unit cell included in a stacked battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a positive electrode current collector layer of a structural unit cell included in a stacked battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from above the structural unit cell. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a positive electrode current collector layer of a structural unit cell included in a stacked battery according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, viewed from above the structural unit cell.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail. It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the disclosure.

Stacked batteries of the present disclosure have single or multiple unit cells stacked together. At least one unit cell has a current collector layer with a plurality of extensions. Furthermore, at least one of the extensions is connected to the temperature control member.

Although not limited by the principle, in the stacked battery of the present disclosure, the principle by which the temperature inside the stacked battery can be efficiently adjusted is as follows.

In the batteries as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the heat generated inside the battery is transferred from the inside of the battery to the battery outer body through the material inside the battery, and is released in the battery outer body. .

In contrast, in the stacked battery of the present disclosure, the temperature control member is connected to the extending portion of the current collector layer. Therefore, when cooling the inside of the stacked battery, for example, a heat radiating temperature control member connected to the extension, specifically, but not limited to, a heat radiating fin, a heat radiating plate, or a heat pump As a result, the heat generated inside the stacked battery can be released directly to the outside of the stacked battery through the current collector layer and the extending portion without passing through the outer package. In addition, when heating the inside of the stacked type battery, for example, a temperature control member having a heat generating function connected to the extending portion, specifically, but not limited to, a heater or a heat pump, etc. The heat generated inside the model battery can directly heat the inside of the battery through the current collector layer and the extending portion without passing through the exterior body.

In this way, the stacked battery of the present disclosure can directly control the temperature inside the stacked battery, so that the temperature distribution inside the stacked battery can be improved more efficiently, for example, in a shorter time, and/or It is possible to control the internal temperature of the stacked battery while suppressing the occurrence of .

《Constituent unit cell》
The structural unit cell can have a configuration in which, for example, a positive electrode current collector layer, a positive electrode active material layer, an electrolyte layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector layer are laminated in this order.

The stacked battery of the present disclosure may be either an all-solid battery or a liquid battery. When the stacked battery of the present disclosure is an all-solid-state battery, the constituent unit cell is formed by stacking a positive electrode current collector layer, a positive electrode active material layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a negative electrode active material layer, and a negative electrode current collector layer in this order. can have a configuration that In addition, as these layers, layers commonly used in all-solid-state batteries can be used, except that the positive electrode current collector layer and the negative electrode current collector layer have the configurations described below.

The stacked battery may be of either a monopolar type or a bipolar type. When the stacked battery is monopolar, two structural unit cells adjacent in the stacking direction can share the positive electrode current collector layer or the negative electrode current collector layer. When the stacked battery is of the bipolar type, two structural unit cells that are adjacent in the stacking direction can share a positive/negative current collector layer that is used as both the positive and negative current collector layers.

The constituent unit cells may be used singly or may be stacked together and enclosed in an outer package to form a stack type battery. The exterior body may be any exterior body that can be used for a battery, as long as it has a shape that can enclose one or a plurality of stacked structural unit cells.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a structural unit cell included in a stacked battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In FIG. 1, the side surface of the constituent unit cell means a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction of each layer of the constituent unit cell.

In FIG. 1, a structural unit cell 100 is formed by laminating a positive electrode current collector layer 10, a positive electrode active material layer 20, a solid electrolyte layer 30, a negative electrode active material layer 40, and a negative electrode current collector layer 50 in this order. Moreover, the positive electrode current collector layer 10 and the negative electrode current collector layer 50 each have a plurality of extending portions 15 and 55 . Furthermore, one extension 15 a of the plurality of extensions 15 is connected to the temperature control member 200 .

Although not shown in FIG. 1, the temperature control member 200 includes not only one extension portion 15a of the plurality of extension portions 15, but also other extension portions 15, for example, all extension portions 15. may be connected to Further, the temperature control member 200 connected to the extension 15 a or a separate temperature control member 200 may also be connected to all or part of the extension 55 of the negative electrode current collector layer 50 .

《Current collector layer》
Here, the current collector layer has a plurality of extensions. In other words, a single current collector layer has two or more extensions. For example, if the current collector layer is rectangular, the current collector layer may have multiple extensions on one side and one or more extensions on each of two or more sides. It may have an outlet.

The current collector layer can include a positive electrode current collector layer and a negative electrode current collector layer. Therefore, in the present disclosure, the current collector layer having a plurality of extensions is either one or both of the positive electrode current collector layer and the negative electrode current collector layer.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of the positive electrode current collector layer of the structural unit cell included in the stacked battery according to one embodiment and another embodiment of the present disclosure, respectively, viewed from above the structural unit cell. . Here, in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper side of the structural unit cell means the positive electrode current collector layer side with respect to the stacking direction of the structural unit cell.

In FIG. 2, the positive electrode current collector layer 10 has a rectangular shape and has one extending portion 15 from each of its four sides. Also, the extension part 15 a extending from one of the four sides is connected to the temperature control member 200 .

Further, in FIG. 3, the positive electrode current collector layer 10 has a rectangular shape, and a pair of opposing sides each has one extending portion 15, and the other opposing side has an extending portion 15. Each pair of sides has two extensions 15 . Moreover, the extension part 15 a extending from one side of the other pair of opposing sides is connected to the temperature control member 200 .

The material of the current collector layer may be any material used as a current collector for batteries, such as SUS, aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, titanium, or carbon. Not limited.

The current collector layer only needs to have a plurality of extending portions, and the shape of other portions is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, foil-like, plate-like, or mesh-like. The shape of other portions of the current collector layer is preferably foil-like.

<Extension part>
The extending portion is a portion extending from the current collector layer. Here, extending from the current collector layer means extending from the current collector layer to the outside of the constituent unit cell.

The extending portion may be formed integrally with the current collector layer. Moreover, the extending portion may be a member different from the current collector layer, and may be connected to the current collector layer so as to extend from the current collector layer to the outside of the constituent unit cell. The extending portion is preferably formed integrally with the current collector layer from the viewpoint of thermal conductivity with the current collector layer, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency, it is different from the current collector layer. It may be formed as a member.

A temperature control member is connected to at least one of the extensions. A device for detecting or measuring the temperature inside the constituent unit cell, specifically, a device such as a temperature detection device or a temperature measurement device, is connected to the extending portion to which the temperature control member is not connected. may be When these devices are connected to the extending portion to which the temperature control member is not connected, it is possible to more efficiently control the temperature while grasping the temperature inside the constituent unit cells.

The extending portion may have any shape capable of connecting at least the temperature control member and conducting heat with the current collector layer. Such a shape may be, but not limited to, a rectangular shape or an elliptical shape extending from the current collector layer.

The material used for the extending portion is not particularly limited as long as it can conduct heat to and from the current collector layer, and may be the same material as the current collector layer, or may be a different material. may

The material of the extending portion may be the same material as the material used as the current collector of the battery, such as SUS, aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, titanium, or carbon. is not limited to

The extending portion may also serve as a current collecting tab.

《Temperature control component》
A temperature control member is connected to at least one of the extensions.

The temperature regulating member may be any member capable of heating itself by passing an electric current through the extension. Examples of such a member include, but are not limited to, a lead wire connected to a power source. When such a member is used as the temperature control member, the temperature control member is electrically connected to the extension.

Here, "a certain member and another member are electrically connected" means that a certain member and another member are connected so that an electric current can flow between them. The member and another member may be physically connected via another conductive member.

Also, the temperature control member may be any member capable of conducting heat from an external heat source of the stacked battery to the extending portion, or may be the external heat source itself. Such a member may be, for example, a nichrome wire or PTC element that is energized, a combustible substance that is burning, or a heat pump that contacts the exhaust heat of an engine or a semiconductor with the extension. It is not limited to these. When such a member is used as the temperature control member, the temperature control member is thermally connected to the extension.

Furthermore, the temperature control member may be any member capable of conducting heat inside the battery from the extension to a cooling source outside the stacked battery, or may be the external cooling source itself. Such a member may be, for example, a heat pump or the like in contact with a cooling source such as air, water, or ice having a temperature lower than that inside the battery, but is not limited to these.

Here, "a certain member and another member are thermally connected" means that a certain member and another member are connected so that heat can be transferred between them. A certain member and another member may be physically connected via a further member having thermal conductivity.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 positive electrode current collector layer 15, 55 extension 20 positive electrode active material layer 30 solid electrolyte layer 40 negative electrode active material layer 50 negative electrode current collector layer 100 constituent unit cell 200 temperature control member

Claims (1)

A stacked battery having one or a plurality of unit cells stacked together,
at least one of the constituent unit cells has a current collector layer having a plurality of extensions, and at least one of the extensions is connected to a temperature control member;
Stacked battery.

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