JP7109493B2 - liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order.

IPS (In-Plane Switching) type and FFS (Fringe Field Switching) type liquid crystal display devices apply an electric field including a component parallel to the plane of the substrates sandwiching the liquid crystal layer to the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer This is a method (mode) called a horizontal electric field method in which a chemical compound responds in the substrate in-plane direction.
The IPS type and FFS type are known as drive systems with characteristics such as a wide viewing angle and little change in chromaticity and color tone because of their structure, which in principle has few restrictions on the viewing angle. ing.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device has a problem that the external light is reflected when viewed under strong external light, such as outdoors on a sunny day, and the visibility of the displayed image is significantly deteriorated. Therefore, in order to suppress the reflection of external light in a liquid crystal display device, it is common practice to provide an antireflection layer or apply an antireflection coating on the outermost surface on the viewing side.

Furthermore, in a liquid crystal display device, external light reflection due to internal structures such as the color filter, black matrix, wiring, and electrodes in the liquid crystal cell also exists, and these cannot be suppressed only by antireflection treatment on the surface, so there is a problem. had become In particular, in the IPS type and FFS type liquid crystal display devices, a transparent electrode such as ITO (indium tin oxide) is sometimes arranged on the surface of the liquid crystal cell for the purpose of removing static electricity, and external light is reflected by these transparent electrodes. There was a problem that

Therefore, regarding the IPS type and FFS type liquid crystal display devices, Patent Document 1 discloses that a circularly polarizing plate including a polarizer and a quarter-wave retardation plate is arranged to reduce external light reflection caused by the internal structure of the liquid crystal cell. A restraining arrangement is disclosed. Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a circularly polarizing plate including a quarter-wave retardation plate with an NZ coefficient of >0.9 and a polarizer is placed on the surface of a liquid crystal cell to suppress external light reflection. It is

JP 2012-32418 A

However, according to the studies of the present inventors, the method using a circularly polarizing plate described in Patent Document 1 suppresses external light reflection in the liquid crystal display device, and suppresses deterioration of visibility under strong external light. However, on the other hand, it was found that in a viewing environment such as a dark room where there is no strong outside light, the light leakage of the black display is strong and the display quality is rather deteriorated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and suppresses the reflection of external light, suppresses the deterioration of visibility under strong external light, and even in a viewing environment without external light such as a dark room. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that suppresses leakage and has high display quality.

As a result of intensive studies, the inventors have found that the above object can be achieved with the following configuration.

<1>
A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell has a pair of opposed substrates, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°.
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
<2>
A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell has a pair of opposed substrates, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The liquid crystal display device, wherein the angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°.
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
<3>
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the phase difference Δnd (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell and the phase difference Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the quarter-wave retardation layer The liquid crystal display device according to <1> or <2>, wherein the difference is 10 nm or less.
<4>
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the angle formed by the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell and the slow axis direction of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 85° or more and 95°. <3>, the liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> to <3>.
<5>
The liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> to <4>, which has an antireflection layer on the outermost surface on the viewing side.
<6>
The liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the liquid crystal cell has an indium tin oxide layer on the viewing side surface.
<7>
Any one of <1> to <6>, wherein the angle between the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the absorption axis of the second polarizer is 85° or more and less than 95°. liquid crystal display.
<8>
The retardation Re (λ) of the quarter-wave retardation layer exhibits the wavelength dispersion of forward dispersion in the wavelength region of visible light, and the retardation Re (λ) of the quarter-wave retardation layer , the liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> and <3> to <7>, wherein the retardation Δnd(λ) of the liquid crystal layer satisfies the following formula (2).
Formula (2):
Re(650)/Re(550)=Δnd(650)/Δnd(550)±0.05
<9>
Any one of <1> and <3> to <8>, wherein the quarter-wave retardation layer is a film in which the molecules of the discotic liquid crystalline compound are vertically aligned and fixed. Liquid crystal display.
<10>
The liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> to <9>, comprising an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer.
<11>
The liquid crystal display device according to any one of <1> to <9>, comprising an optical compensation layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer.
<12>
<10> or <11>, in which the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4): 3. The liquid crystal display device according to .
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm
<13>
The optical compensation layer is a laminate of the first optically anisotropic layer and the second optically anisotropic layer, and the retardation Re1 (550) of the first optically anisotropic layer at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm The retardation Rth1 (550) of the second optically anisotropic layer satisfies the following formulas (5) and (6), and the retardation Re2 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2 ( 550) satisfies the following formulas (7) and (8), the liquid crystal display device according to <10> or <11>.
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm
<14>
The liquid crystal display device according to <13>, wherein the first optically anisotropic layer is a positive A plate, and the second optically anisotropic layer is a positive C plate.
<15>
The liquid crystal display device according to <14>, wherein at least one of the first optically anisotropic layer and the second optically anisotropic layer is a film in which a liquid crystalline compound is fixed in an oriented state.

According to the present invention, reflection of external light is suppressed, deterioration of visibility under strong external light is suppressed, and light leakage of black display is suppressed even in a viewing environment without external light such as a dark room, resulting in high display quality. can provide a liquid crystal display device having

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one form of a conventional liquid crystal display device. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state of black display in one embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing how external light enters the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing how external light enters another embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in detail below. In this specification, the numerical range represented by "-" means a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as lower and upper limits.

In this specification, a polarizing plate refers to a polarizer having a protective layer or a functional layer disposed on at least one surface of the polarizer, and the terms polarizer and polarizing plate are used separately.

Moreover, in this specification, parallel and orthogonal do not mean parallel and orthogonal in a strict sense, but mean a range of ±5° from parallel or orthogonal, respectively.

In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) represent the in-plane phase difference and the thickness direction phase difference at the wavelength λ, respectively. Unless otherwise specified, the wavelength λ is 550 nm.
In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) are values measured at wavelength λ using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience). By entering the average refractive index ((nx+ny+nz)/3) and film thickness (d (μm)) in AxoScan,
Slow axis direction (°),
Re(λ)=(nx−ny)×d,
and,
Rth(λ)=((nx+ny)/2−nz)×d
is calculated.

In the present invention, the refractive indices nx and ny are respectively the refractive indices in the in-plane direction of the optical member. is the refractive index in the orthogonal orientation). Also, nz is the refractive index in the thickness direction. nx, ny, and nz can be measured, for example, using an Abbe refractometer (NAR-4T, manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) using a sodium lamp (λ=589 nm) as the light source.
Further, in the case of measuring the wavelength dependence, it can be measured by using a multi-wavelength Abbe refractometer DR-M2 (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) in combination with an interference filter.
In addition, the values in the polymer handbook (JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC) and various optical film catalogs can also be used.

In this specification, the NZ coefficient is defined by the following equation (9).
Formula (9): NZ = (nx-nz)/(nx-ny)
Moreover, the NZ coefficient can also be obtained by the following equation (10) according to the definitions of Re and Rth described above.
Formula (10): NZ=0.5+Rth/Re
Unless otherwise specified, the NZ coefficient is the value at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[Conventional liquid crystal display device]
First, the structure of a conventional liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows one form of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
The liquid crystal display device 100 has a first polarizing plate 10 (11-13), a liquid crystal cell 20 (21-24), a second polarizing plate 30 (31-33), and a backlight unit .
The first polarizer 10 has a first polarizer outer protective layer 11 , a first polarizer 12 , and a first polarizer inner protective layer 13 .
The second polarizer 30 has a second polarizer inner protective layer 31 , a second polarizer 32 , and a second polarizer outer protective layer 33 .
The outer protective layer of the polarizing plate (the first polarizing plate 10 in FIG. 1) arranged on the viewing side of the liquid crystal display device 100 may be an antireflection layer. Also, the inner protective layer of the first polarizing plate 10 or the second polarizing plate 30 may be an optical compensation layer.
The liquid crystal cell 20 also has a first substrate 22 , a liquid crystal layer 23 and a second substrate 24 . Furthermore, the first substrate 22 has a transparent electrode 21 provided on its surface.
Light emitted from the backlight unit 40 becomes linearly polarized light by passing through the second polarizing plate 30, and then the polarization state is changed by the liquid crystal layer 23 of the liquid crystal cell 20. As a result, the first polarizing plate 10 changes in transmittance. Therefore, by driving the liquid crystal layer 23, the brightness of the transmitted light can be adjusted. The liquid crystal display device 100 can display an image by such a mechanism.
In the case of the IPS type or FFS type, the liquid crystal layer 23 is oriented so that the liquid crystal compound is parallel to the substrate. The liquid crystal layer 23 is driven by applying an electric field including a component parallel to the plane of the substrate, and at this time, the liquid crystalline compound rotates within the plane of the substrate.
When the liquid crystal display device 100 is viewed under external light, the external light reaches the outermost surface of the first polarizing plate 10, that is, the outermost surface of the protective layer 11, the surface of the transparent electrode 21, and the inside of the liquid crystal cell 20 (not shown). It is reflected by color filters, black matrices, wiring, and the like. A constant amount of the reflected light is reflected regardless of the state of the liquid crystal layer 23, so that the visibility of image display is significantly reduced.

[Liquid crystal display device of the present invention]
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
The liquid crystal display device 200 has a first polarizing plate 10 (11 to 14), a liquid crystal cell 20 (21 to 24), a second polarizing plate 30 (31 to 33), and a backlight unit 40. The plate 10 has a first polarizer outer protective layer 11 , a first polarizer 12 , a first polarizer inner protective layer 13 and a quarter wave retardation layer 14 .
The slow axis orientation 140 of the quarter-wave retardation layer 14 forms an angle of about 45° with the absorption axis orientation 120 of the first polarizer 12 . Thereby, the first polarizing plate 10 becomes a circularly polarizing plate.
On the other hand, the light emitted from the backlight unit 40 and transmitted through the second polarizing plate 30 is linearly polarized light.
Therefore, in order to realize black display in the liquid crystal display device 200, it is necessary to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light in the liquid crystal layer 23, and the liquid crystal layer 23 has a phase difference of substantially a quarter wavelength, or It is necessary to have a phase difference of /4 wavelength.
Here, the phase difference of 1/4 wavelength means a phase difference that satisfies the phase difference Δnd(550) of 100 nm or more and 160 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm.
Similarly, a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength means a phase difference that satisfies a phase difference Δnd(550) of 340 nm or more and 480 nm or less at a wavelength of 550 nm.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram when the liquid crystal display device 200 displays black.
The orientation 230 of the slow axis of the liquid crystal layer 23 forms an angle of about 45° with the orientation 320 of the absorption axis of the second polarizer 32, and the orientation 140 of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer 14 The angle formed by is about 90°.
Light 700 emitted from the backlight unit 40 is converted into circularly polarized light by passing through the second polarizer 32 and the liquid crystal layer 23 . This circularly polarized light has a rotational direction that is absorbed by the first polarizing plate 10, and the light 700 cannot pass through the first polarizing plate 10, resulting in black display.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of how external light enters when the liquid crystal display device 200 displays black.
External light 800 incident from the viewing side of the first polarizing plate 10 is converted into circularly polarized light by the first polarizing plate 10, but is reflected by the transparent electrode 21 or the like, and the direction of rotation of the circularly polarized light is reversed. This reversed circularly polarized light has a rotational direction that is absorbed by the first polarizing plate 10, and as a result, external light reflection is effectively suppressed.

[Another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention]
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
The liquid crystal display device 300 has the same structure as the liquid crystal display device 200 described above, except that the second polarizing plate 30 is arranged on the viewing side and the first polarizing plate 10 is arranged on the back side.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of how external light enters when the liquid crystal display device 300 displays black.
The mechanism for displaying black in the liquid crystal display device 300 is the same as that of the liquid crystal display layer 200, and the orientation 230 of the slow axis of the liquid crystal layer 23 and the orientation 140 of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer 14 form. The angle is approximately 90°. External light 800 incident from the viewing side of the second polarizing plate 30 becomes circularly polarized light by passing through the liquid crystal layer 23, but is reflected by the internal structure of the liquid crystal cell 20 such as the wiring, and passes through the liquid crystal layer 23 again. Thus, it returns to linearly polarized light. The polarization direction at this time is the direction in which the light is absorbed by the second polarizing plate 30, and as a result, external light reflection is effectively suppressed.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention effectively shields both the light from the backlight unit and the reflection of external light in the black display when used under external light, thereby providing a satisfactory black display. can be obtained. Further, when the liquid crystal layer 23 is driven to display a display other than black display, only the reflection of external light is effectively blocked, and good visibility can be obtained.

[Protective layer]
The liquid crystal display device of the present invention may have a protective layer for protecting the first polarizer and the second polarizer.
The type of protective layer is not particularly limited, but films such as cellulose acylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyacrylate and polymethacrylate, cyclic polyolefin, polyolefin, polyamide, polystyrene, and polyester can be used. Among them, cellulose acylate film, cyclic polyolefin, polyacrylate, and polymethacrylate are preferred. Also, commercially available cellulose acetate films (for example, “TD80U” and “Z-TAC” manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd.) can be used.
The first polarizer and the second polarizer may have a protective layer on only one side or both sides. Moreover, the protective layer may be in the form of only one layer, or may be in the form of laminating two or more layers.
The protective layer on the outer side (that is, the outermost surface on the viewing side) may be an antireflection layer or may be laminated with an antireflection layer. It is preferable to have an antireflection layer on the outermost surface on the viewing side because it is possible to suppress reflection of external light on the surface of the polarizing plate and reflection of light from the backlight unit. As the antireflection layer, a conventionally known antireflection layer can be appropriately employed, but it is preferably an antireflection layer composed of a laminate of two or more layers having mutually different refractive indices. The embodiment described in the publication, that is, the embodiment having a three-layer structure having a medium refractive index layer, a high refractive index layer, and a low refractive index layer in this order, is more preferable.
Also, the inner protective layer may be an optical compensation layer, or may be a laminate of optical compensation layers. When the inner protective layer contains an optical compensation layer, it is possible to reduce changes in color tone and decrease in contrast when viewing from an oblique direction, and to obtain high display quality, which is preferable.
Furthermore, the outer protective layer of the polarizing plate placed on the back side may be a reflective polarizer or a laminate of reflective polarizers. When the outer protective layer of the polarizing plate on the back side contains a reflective polarizer, of the light from the backlight unit, the polarized component that does not pass through the polarizer on the back side is reflected and reused, thereby improving the liquid crystal display device. It is preferable because it can improve luminance. As the reflective polarizer, brightness enhancement film "DBEF" manufactured by 3M Company, wire grid polarizing film "WGF" manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, and the like can be preferably used.

Although the thickness of the protective layer is not particularly limited, it is preferably 80 μm or less, more preferably 40 μm or less, and even more preferably 25 μm or less from the viewpoint of thinning the liquid crystal display device. Although the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 1 μm or more from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.

[Polarizer]
The types of the first polarizer and the second polarizer in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention are not particularly limited, and known ones can be used.
In the present invention, a commonly used linear polarizer can be used. The linear polarizer is preferably a polarizer composed of a binder and iodine or a dichroic dye, or a coated polarizer. Iodine and dichroic dyes in a linear polarizer exhibit polarizing performance by being oriented in a binder. The iodine and the dichroic dye are preferably oriented along the binder molecules, or the dichroic dye is unidirectionally oriented by self-organization like liquid crystals. Currently, commercially available polarizers are generally produced by immersing a stretched polymer in a solution of iodine or a dichroic dye in a bath to allow the iodine or the dichroic dye to permeate the binder. be.

Although the thickness of the polarizer is not particularly limited, it is preferably 30 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, and even more preferably 10 μm or less from the viewpoint of thinning the liquid crystal display device. Although the lower limit is not particularly limited, it is preferably 2 μm or more from the viewpoint of mechanical strength.

In the present invention, the angle between the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the absorption axis of the second polarizer is preferably 85° or more and less than 95°, and is 88° or more and less than 93°. is more preferred, and 90° is most preferred.

[1/4 wavelength retardation layer]
A quarter-wave retardation layer is placed inside the first polarizer (that is, on the liquid crystal cell side).
The quarter-wave retardation layer may be laminated on the inner protective layer of the first polarizing plate, or the inner protective layer may also serve as the quarter-wave retardation layer.
The first polarizing plate including the quarter-wave retardation layer may be arranged on the viewing side or the back side of the liquid crystal cell, but from the viewpoint of suppressing external light reflection in the transparent electrode, , is preferably arranged on the viewing side of the liquid crystal cell.

The 1/4 wavelength retardation layer may have a retardation of about 1/4 wavelength at any wavelength in the visible region. Specifically, the phase difference Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
may be within the range of From the viewpoint of more effectively blocking external light reflection,
Formula (11): 120 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 150 nm
is preferred,
Formula (12): 130 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 145 nm
is more preferred.

Further, it is preferable that the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Re of the quarter-wave retardation layer is similar to the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell. In general, since the liquid crystal compound used in the liquid crystal layer has normal dispersion wavelength dispersion, it is preferable that the quarter-wave retardation layer also has normal dispersion wavelength dispersion.
Here, the chromatic dispersion of normal dispersion means that Re(λ) and Rth(λ) decrease as the wavelength λ increases.
More preferably, the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Re of the quarter-wave retardation layer substantially matches the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer. Specifically, it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (2).
Formula (2):
Re(650)/Re(550)=Δnd(650)/Δnd(550)±0.05
When the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Re of the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer is similar to or matches the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Δnd of the liquid crystal layer, the light when the liquid crystal display device is displayed in black. This is preferable because leakage can be suppressed and high display quality can be achieved.

Also, the quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate.
In general, since the liquid crystalline compound used in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal cell is a positive A plate, optical compensation is performed by making the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer a negative A plate, and the liquid crystal display device is viewed from an oblique angle. In this case, it is possible to suppress light leakage in black display and realize high display quality.
Here, the negative A plate means an optical member whose refractive indices nx, ny, and nz satisfy the following formula (13).
Equation (13): nx ≈ nz > ny
A positive A plate is an optical member whose refractive indices nx, ny, and nz satisfy the following formula (14).
Equation (14): nx > ny ≈ nz
However, in formulas (13) and (14), "≈" includes not only the case where both are completely the same, but also the case where both are substantially the same. A negative A-plate has a substantially zero NZ coefficient. Also, the positive A-plate has a NZ factor of substantially one.

Further, as another aspect of the quarter-wave retardation layer, the quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A-plate, and the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Re has reverse dispersion.
Here, the chromatic dispersion of reverse dispersion means that Re (λ) and Rth (λ) become larger values as the wavelength λ increases, and the phase difference Re (λ) is the following formula (1-1) and formula (1-2) are satisfied.
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
When the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer is a positive A plate and the wavelength dispersion of the retardation Re has reverse dispersion, external light is reflected in the entire visible light wavelength range. can be reduced, and tinting of reflected light can be suppressed.

The azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is arranged so that the angle formed with the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer is 40° or more and less than 50°. With such an arrangement, the first polarizing plate functions as a circular polarizing plate and can effectively suppress reflection of external light. The angle between the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer and the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer is more preferably 43° or more and less than 48°, most preferably 45°. .

As the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer, a properly stretched polymer film or a film formed using a liquid crystalline compound can be used.
In order to make the quarter-wave retardation layer a negative A plate, a composition containing a discotic liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group is applied to form a coating film, and discotic liquid crystallinity in the coating film is formed. It is preferable to use a film in which the compound is oriented vertically and fixed by curing treatment.
A discotic liquid crystalline compound is a liquid crystalline compound whose molecules are discotic and is also called a discotic liquid crystalline compound. As the discotic liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group, for example, those described in JP-A-2007-108732 and JP-A-2010-244038 can be preferably used, but are not limited thereto.

[Liquid crystal cell]
The liquid crystal cell is an IPS mode or FFS mode liquid crystal cell, which is a lateral electric field system.
In the IPS mode liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystalline compound (preferably a rod-like liquid crystalline compound) in the liquid crystal layer is aligned substantially horizontally when no voltage is applied. It is characterized by switching by changing the direction. Specifically, JP 2004-365941, JP 2004-12731, JP 2004-215620, JP 2002-221726, JP 2002-55341, JP 2003-195333 Reference can be made to those described in the publications. These modes are modes in which the liquid crystalline compound is oriented substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate in the absence of applied voltage, thereby realizing black display.
Like the IPS mode, the FFS mode is a switching mode in which the liquid crystalline compound is always horizontal with respect to the surface of the substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules are switched using a horizontal electric field with respect to the surface of the substrate. . In general, the FFS mode has a solid electrode, an interlayer insulating film, and a comb-shaped electrode, and has a different electric field direction from that of the IPS mode.

The liquid crystalline compound contained in the liquid crystal layer is ideally aligned horizontally with respect to the surface of the substrate both during white display and during black display, but it is tilted at a low tilt angle. good too. In general, when the substrate of a liquid crystal cell is rubbed with a cloth and the liquid crystal layer is oriented, the liquid crystalline compound is oriented at a low tilt angle with respect to the interface of the substrate. When the liquid crystal layer is oriented (photo-alignment), the liquid crystalline compound is oriented nearly horizontally. It is preferable to use photo-alignment from the viewpoint of suppressing the change in color due to orientation when viewing from an oblique direction during black display.

The configuration of the liquid crystal cell may include at least a liquid crystal layer, and a first substrate and a second substrate arranged so as to sandwich the liquid crystal layer, and other members may be included.
Further, in the present invention, an electrode is arranged on the surface of at least one of the substrates, and it is preferable that a transparent electrode made of an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer is arranged. More preferably, a transparent electrode made of an ITO layer is arranged. It is preferable to dispose a transparent electrode on the surface of the substrate because it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal display device from malfunctioning due to static electricity.
The liquid crystal cell may also include a color filter layer and a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) layer. The positions of the color filter layer and the TFT layer are not particularly limited, and are generally arranged on either surface of the two substrates.

The liquid crystal cell preferably has a phase difference of substantially 1/4 wavelength or 3/4 wavelength during black display, that is, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell. If the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of substantially 1/4 or 3/4 wavelength, the light emitted from the backlight unit can be converted into circularly polarized light.
Further, the liquid crystal layer has a phase difference of substantially 1/4 wavelength so that the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of substantially 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength when black is displayed. It is preferable to have a phase difference or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength. When the liquid crystal layer has a retardation of 1/4 wavelength, from the viewpoint of reducing light leakage in black display, the retardation Δnd (550) of the liquid crystal layer at a wavelength of 550 nm and the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer The difference from the retardation Re(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 10 nm or less.

The liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal cell has an angle of 85° or more and less than 95° with the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer during black display, that is, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell. is preferably From the viewpoint of reducing light leakage in black display, the angle formed with the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is more preferably 88° or more and less than 93°, more preferably 90°. Most preferred.

In the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal cell, the angle between the slow axis direction and the slow axis direction of the quarter-wave retardation layer is preferably less than 45° during white display. From the viewpoint of improving the brightness of white display, the angle is preferably less than 30°, and most preferably 0°.

[Optical compensation layer]
The liquid crystal display device of the present invention preferably has an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer or between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer. By having the optical compensation layer, it is possible to reduce changes in color tone and decrease in contrast when viewed from an oblique direction, and to obtain high display quality, which is preferable. The optical compensation layer is composed of one layer or more than two layers, and preferably composed of one layer or two layers in the present invention. When composed of two layers, the optical compensation layer is a laminate of the first optically anisotropic layer and the second optically anisotropic layer.
The thickness of the optical compensation layer is preferably thin as long as it does not impair the optical properties, mechanical properties, and manufacturability from the viewpoint of thinning the liquid crystal display device. 70 μm is more preferable, and 1 to 30 μm is even more preferable.

The optical compensation layer is preferably a polymer film or a film formed using a liquid crystalline composition from the viewpoint of ease of production.
As the polymer film, a cellulose acylate film, a cycloolefin polymer film (a polymer film using a cycloolefin polymer), or an acrylic polymer film is preferable. The acrylic polymer film preferably contains an acrylic polymer containing at least one unit selected from lactone ring units, maleic anhydride units, and glutaric anhydride units.

Moreover, as a film formed using a liquid crystalline composition, a film in which a liquid crystalline compound is fixed in an oriented state is preferable. Among them, a composition containing a liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group is applied to form a coating film, the liquid crystalline compound in the coating film is aligned, and a curing treatment is performed to fix the alignment of the liquid crystalline compound. A film consisting of
The liquid crystalline compound includes a rod-like liquid crystalline compound and a discotic liquid crystalline compound, and preferably has a polymerizable group in order to fix the alignment state.

When the optical compensation layer is a film formed using a liquid crystalline composition, the optical compensation layer may have an alignment film. The alignment film generally contains a polymer as a main component. Polymer materials for alignment films are described in many documents, and many commercial products are available. The polymeric material utilized is preferably polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide and derivatives thereof. In particular, modified or unmodified polyvinyl alcohol is preferred. For the alignment film that can be used in the present invention, see WO01/88574A1, page 43, line 24 to page 49, line 8, and modified polyvinyl alcohol described in paragraphs [0071] to [0095] of Japanese Patent No. 3907735. can do. Incidentally, the alignment film described above is usually subjected to a known rubbing treatment.
The thickness of the alignment film is preferably thin, but from the viewpoint of imparting an alignment ability for forming the optical compensation layer and of alleviating the unevenness of the surface of the film to form an optical compensation layer with a uniform thickness. , a certain thickness is required. Specifically, the thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 10 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 1 μm, even more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 μm.
It is also preferable to use a photo-alignment film as the alignment film. Although the photo-alignment film is not particularly limited, those described in paragraphs [0024] to [0043] of WO2005/096041, LPP-JP265CP (trade name) manufactured by Rolic technologies, etc. can be preferably used.

(When the optical compensation layer consists of one layer)
When the optical compensation layer consists of one layer, the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer are given by the following equations (3) and (4). preferably fulfilled.
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm
Further, the optical compensation layer more preferably satisfies the following formulas (15) and (16).
Formula (15): 280 nm≦Re1(550)≦320 nm
Formula (16): −20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦20 nm

Further, when the optical compensation layer consists of one layer and is arranged between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer, the slow axis direction of the optical compensation layer is the same as that of the first polarizer. It is preferable that the orientation forms 90° with the orientation of the absorption axis of .
Further, when the optical compensation layer consists of one layer and is arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, the orientation of the slow axis of the optical compensation layer is the orientation of the absorption axis of the second polarizer. A 90° azimuth is preferred.

An optical compensation layer consisting of one layer can be obtained, for example, by stretching a polymer film. Specifically, for example, in the case of a film using cellulose acetate benzoate, which is a cellulose acylate substituted with an aromatic acyl group, a dope obtained by dissolving cellulose acetate benzoate in a solvent is applied on a metal support for film formation. There is a method of casting, drying the solvent to obtain a film, and stretching the obtained film at a large draw ratio of about 1.3 to 1.9 times to orient the cellulose molecular chains.
Further, for example, as described in JP-A-5-157911, JP-A-2006-72309, or JP-A-2007-298960, a shrinkable film is attached to one or both sides of a polymer film, and heated and stretched. It is also possible to produce by

In the optical compensation layer, Re1 and Rth1 also preferably exhibit reverse wavelength dispersion.
Here, the chromatic dispersion of reverse dispersion means that Re1(λ) and Rth1(λ) increase in value as the wavelength λ increases.
It is preferable that the optical compensation layer has a wavelength dispersion property of reverse dispersion, because it is possible to further reduce color change and decrease in contrast when viewed from an oblique direction.

(When the optical compensation layer consists of two layers)
When the optical compensation layer consists of two layers, the first optically anisotropic layer is a biaxial film (B-plate or positive A plate) where nx>ny≧nz, and the second optically anisotropic layer is nx≈ny< A nz [quasi] uniaxial film (positive [quasi] C-plate) is preferred.
Specifically, the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the first optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (5) and (6), The retardation Re2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the second optically anisotropic layer preferably satisfy the following formulas (7) and (8).
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm
Further, the first optically anisotropic layer satisfies the following formulas (17) and (18), and the second optically anisotropic layer satisfies the following formulas (19) and (20). preferable.
Formula (17): 100 nm≦Re1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (18): 50 nm≦Rth1(550)≦120 nm
Formula (19): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦20 nm
Formula (20): −140 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−80 nm
The first optically anisotropic layer is arranged on the liquid crystal cell side with respect to the second optically anisotropic layer.

Further, when the optical compensation layer consists of two layers and is arranged between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer, the orientation of the slow axis of the first optically anisotropic layer is It is preferably parallel to the orientation of the absorption axis of the first polarizer.
Further, when the optical compensation layer consists of two layers and is arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, the orientation of the slow axis of the first optically anisotropic layer is the absorption of the second polarizer. It is preferably parallel to the axis orientation.

The first optically anisotropic layer is a polymer film (for example, a cellulose acylate film, a cyclic polyolefin film, and a polycarbonate film) produced by an appropriate method such as a melt film forming method and a solution film forming method, and is rolled, for example. It is obtained by stretching by a longitudinal stretching method by peripheral speed control, a transverse stretching method by a tenter, a biaxial stretching method, or the like. More specifically, the description in JP-A-2005-338767 can be referred to. Further, a polymer formed from a liquid crystalline composition containing a liquid crystalline compound having a polymerizable group exhibiting biaxiality by orientation can also be used. It is also possible to form a layer having a desired retardation by fixing the alignment state of the liquid crystalline compound. That is, the first optically anisotropic layer is preferably a film in which a liquid crystalline compound is fixed in an oriented state, and a film in which a rod-like liquid crystalline compound is fixed in a state of being oriented horizontally with respect to the substrate surface. is more preferable.
As the liquid crystalline compound, it is also preferable to use a liquid crystalline compound exhibiting wavelength dispersion of reverse dispersion. Examples thereof include liquid crystalline compounds exhibiting reverse wavelength dispersion described in WO2017/043438 pamphlet.
The thickness of the first optically anisotropic layer is preferably 1 to 80 μm, more preferably 1 to 40 μm, particularly preferably 1 to 25 μm.

The first optically anisotropic layer is preferably a positive A plate (positive A plate).

The second optically anisotropic layer is formed so as not to express the in-plane retardation of a polymer film (for example, cellulose acylate film, cyclic polyolefin film, and polycarbonate film), and the thickness is reduced using a heat-shrinkable film or the like. It can be obtained by a method of stretching in the (nz) direction.
It is also possible to form a layer having a desired retardation by fixing the alignment state of the liquid crystalline compound. That is, the second optically anisotropic layer is preferably a film in which a liquid crystalline compound is fixed in an oriented state, and a film in which a rod-like liquid crystalline compound is fixed in a state of being oriented perpendicular to the substrate surface. is more preferable.
As the liquid crystalline compound, it is also preferable to use a liquid crystalline compound exhibiting wavelength dispersion of reverse dispersion. Examples thereof include liquid crystalline compounds exhibiting reverse wavelength dispersion described in WO2017/043438 pamphlet.
The thickness of the second optically anisotropic layer is preferably 1 to 80 μm, more preferably 1 to 40 μm, even more preferably 1 to 25 μm.

The second optically anisotropic layer is preferably a positive C plate (positive C plate).

[Method for Forming Retardation Layer]
The quarter-wave retardation layer and the optical compensation layer can be formed by adhering a film having the retardation layer to a polarizer or substrate. At this time, the retardation layer may be adhered to the polarizer or the substrate via an adhesive layer.
Moreover, the film having a retardation layer may be in a form in which a retardation layer is laminated on a support. By having a support, the handleability of the film is improved, and further, after the retardation layer is adhered to the polarizer or substrate, the support is peeled off and only the retardation layer is transferred, thereby forming a polarizing plate or a liquid crystal cell. can be made thinner.

The method of transferring the retardation layer onto the substrate is not particularly limited. For example, a film having a retardation layer can be attached to a substrate by pressure bonding or thermocompression bonding with a heated and/or pressurized roller or flat plate using a laminator. Specifically, the laminator and the lamination method described in JP-A-7-110575, JP-A-11-77942, JP-A-2000-334836, and JP-A-2002-148794 are mentioned, but low contaminant From this point of view, it is preferable to use the method described in JP-A-7-110575. The support may then be peeled off.

(Other layers)
A film having a retardation layer may have a cushion layer. By having the cushion layer, when transferring to a substrate or the like, it is possible to absorb the unevenness on the counterpart substrate side and to provide the unevenness followability. The cushion layer may be placed between the support and the retardation layer, transferred to the substrate and then peeled off, or may be placed on the retardation layer, transferred to the substrate and then separated from the substrate. It may remain between the retardation layer and function as a flattening layer. Moreover, the cushion layer may also serve as an adhesive layer with the substrate.

The cushion layer is preferably a thermoplastic resin layer. As the component used for the thermoplastic resin layer, an organic polymer substance described in JP-A-5-72724 is preferable, and the softening point of the polymer is determined by the Vicar Vicat method (specifically, the American material testing method ASTM D1235). It is particularly preferred to select from organic macromolecular substances having a softening point of about 80° C. or less according to the measurement method). Specifically, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylene copolymers such as ethylene and vinyl acetate or saponified products thereof, ethylene and acrylic acid esters or saponified products thereof, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate and saponified products thereof, vinyl chloride copolymers such as compounds, polyvinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymers, polystyrene, styrene copolymers such as styrene and (meth)acrylic acid esters or saponified products thereof, polyvinyltoluene, vinyltoluene and (meth) ) Vinyl toluene copolymers such as acrylic acid esters or their saponified products, poly(meth)acrylic acid esters, (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers such as butyl (meth)acrylate and vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate copolymers Examples include organic polymers such as polyamide resins such as coalesced nylon, copolymerized nylon, N-alkoxymethylated nylon, and N-dimethylaminated nylon.

In addition, the film having a retardation layer is preferably provided with an intermediate layer for the purpose of preventing mixing of the components of the retardation layer and the cushion layer. As the intermediate layer, it is preferable to use an oxygen blocking film having an oxygen blocking function, which is described as a "separation layer" in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-72724. Reduce time load and increase productivity. As the oxygen-blocking membrane, one that exhibits low oxygen permeability and is dispersed or dissolved in water or an alkaline aqueous solution is preferable, and can be appropriately selected from known membranes. Among these, a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone is particularly preferred.

A film having a retardation layer is preferably provided with a thin protective film in order to protect it from contamination and damage during storage. The protective film may consist of the same or similar material as the support, but should be easily separated from the resin layer. Silicon paper, polyolefin or polytetrafluoroethylene sheets, for example, are suitable as protective film materials.

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples. Materials, reagents, amounts and ratios of substances, operations, etc. shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the gist of the present invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the following examples.

<Preparation of IPS mode liquid crystal cell>
An IPS mode liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal layer between two glass substrates was produced. When forming a liquid crystal cell, a glass substrate is subjected to photo-alignment treatment with reference to Example 11 of JP-A-2005-351924 to form an alignment layer, and the liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal cell is aligned. rice field. The tilt angle between the liquid crystal compound and the substrate surface was 0.1°. Δn of the liquid crystalline compound in the liquid crystal layer was 0.08625 at a wavelength of 550 nm, and Δnd was adjusted by adjusting the distance (gap; d) between the substrates. Also, on one of the substrates, a color filter layer having pixels composed of blue, green, and red sub-pixels was formed on the surface on the liquid crystal layer side. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-44285 was referred to for forming the color filter layer. Furthermore, ITO (indium tin oxide) was deposited on the surface of the same substrate opposite to the color filter layer. Thus, liquid crystal cells 201, 202, and 203 were produced.
For each of the liquid crystal cells 201, 202 and 203, the substantial retardation Δnd when no voltage was applied was measured using AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by Optoscience). Table 1 shows the results.

<Preparation of 1/4 wavelength retardation film>
(Preparation of alkaline saponified cellulose acylate film)
A cellulose acetate film "Z-TAC" manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation was passed through a dielectric heating roll at a temperature of 60°C, and after the film surface temperature was raised to 40°C, the following composition was applied to the band surface of the film. The alkaline solution was applied using a bar coater at a coating amount of 14 ml/m ² and conveyed for 10 seconds under a steam far-infrared heater (manufactured by Noritake Co., Ltd.) heated to 110°C. Subsequently, using the same bar coater, 3 ml/m ² of pure water was applied. Next, after repeating water washing with a fountain coater and draining with an air knife three times, the film was transported to a drying zone at 70° C. for 10 seconds and dried to prepare a cellulose acylate film saponified with an alkali.

──────────────────────────────────
(Composition of alkaline solution)
──────────────────────────────────
・Potassium hydroxide 4.7 parts by mass ・Water 15.8 parts by mass ・Isopropanol 63.7 parts by mass ・Surfactant SF-1: C ₁₄ H ₂₉ O (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₂₀ H 1.0 parts by mass・Propylene glycol 14.8 parts by mass────────────────────────────────────

(Formation of alignment film)
The cellulose acylate film saponified as described above was continuously coated with an alignment layer coating solution having the following composition using a #14 wire bar. It was dried with hot air at 60°C for 60 seconds and then with hot air at 100°C for 120 seconds.

──────────────────────────────────
(Composition of alignment film coating solution)
──────────────────────────────────
・The following modified polyvinyl alcohol 10 parts by mass ・Water 371 parts by mass ・Methanol 119 parts by mass ・Glutaraldehyde 0.5 parts by mass ・Photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 2959, manufactured by Ciba Japan) 0.3 parts by mass --- ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――

(Formation of quarter-wave retardation layer containing discotic liquid crystalline compound)
The alignment film prepared above was continuously subjected to rubbing treatment. At this time, the longitudinal direction of the long film was parallel to the conveying direction, and the angle between the longitudinal direction of the film and the rotation axis of the rubbing roller was adjusted to 45°.

A coating liquid A containing a discotic liquid crystalline compound having the following composition was continuously applied onto the alignment film prepared above with a wire bar. The transport speed (V) of the film was set to 36 m/min. In order to dry the solvent of the coating liquid and to ripen the orientation of the discotic liquid crystalline compound, it was heated with hot air at 120° C. for 90 seconds. Subsequently, UV irradiation was performed at 80° C. to fix the orientation of the liquid crystalline compound. Quarter wavelength retardation films 141 and 142 were obtained by appropriately adjusting the thickness of the liquid crystalline compound layer to 1.0 μm to 2.0 μm.

―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
(Composition of coating liquid A)
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
・91 parts by mass of the following discotic liquid crystalline compound ・5 parts by mass of the following acrylate monomer ・3 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Ciba Geigy) ・Sensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) ) 1 part by mass · 0.5 parts by mass of the following pyridinium salt · 0.2 parts by mass of the following fluorine-based polymer (FP1) · 0.1 parts by mass of the following fluorine-based polymer (FP3) · 189 parts by mass of methyl ethyl ketone --- ――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――

Acrylate monomer:
Ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V#360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.)

(Formation of quarter-wave retardation layer containing rod-like liquid crystalline compound)
In the same manner as the 1/4 wavelength retardation films 141 and 142, the following rod-like liquid crystalline compound was applied onto the alignment film, and the thickness of the liquid crystalline compound layer was appropriately adjusted to 1.0 μm to 2.0 μm. , a quarter-wave retardation film 143 was obtained.

rod-like liquid crystalline compound

(Preparation of transfer film for quarter-wave retardation layer containing rod-like liquid crystalline compound)
With reference to the description of Example 3 of JP-A-2012-155308, Coating Liquid 1 for Photo-Alignment Film was prepared.

A liquid crystal layer-forming composition 1 having the following composition was prepared.

―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
(Composition of composition 1 for liquid crystal layer formation)
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Liquid crystalline compound R2 42.00 parts by mass Liquid crystalline compound R3 42.00 parts by mass Polymerizable compound B2 16.00 parts by mass Polymerization initiator P3 0.50 parts by mass Surfactant S3 0.15 parts by mass・High Solv MTEM (manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 2.00 parts by mass ・NK Ester A-200 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1.00 parts by mass ・Methyl ethyl ketone 424.8 parts by mass ―――――――――― ――――――――――――――――――――――――
In the structural formulas of the liquid crystal compounds R2 and R3 below, the group adjacent to the acryloyloxy group represents a propylene group (a group in which a methyl group is substituted with an ethylene group), and the liquid crystal compounds R2 and R3 below represent a methyl group. represents a mixture of regioisomers that differ in the position of .

・Liquid crystal compound R2

・Liquid crystal compound R3

· Polymerizable compound B2

・Polymerization initiator P3

・Surfactant S3

On one side of a cellulose acetate film "Z-TAC" manufactured by FUJIFILM Corporation, the previously prepared coating solution 1 for photo-alignment film was applied with a bar coater. After coating, the coating was dried on a hot plate at 120° C. for 2 minutes to remove the solvent and form a coating film. A photo-alignment film was formed by irradiating the obtained coating film with polarized ultraviolet rays (10 mJ/cm ² , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp).
Next, the previously prepared liquid crystal layer forming composition 1 was applied onto the photo-alignment film with a bar coater to form a composition layer. After heating the formed composition layer to 110° C. on a hot plate, it was cooled to 60° C. to stabilize the orientation. After that, the temperature is maintained at 60° C., and the orientation is fixed by ultraviolet irradiation (500 mJ/cm ² , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration: 100 ppm) to produce a quarter-wave retardation layer 144 with a thickness of 2 μm. did. The retardation of the obtained retardation layer 144 was Re1(550)=140 nm. In addition, Re1(450)/Re1(550) was 0.86, and Re1(650)/Re1(550) was 1.03, indicating reverse wavelength dispersion. In addition, the retardation in the thickness direction of the obtained 1/4 wavelength retardation layer 144 was Rth1(550)=70 nm.

(Preparation of cushion layer coating liquid CU-1)
The following composition was prepared, filtered through a polypropylene filter with a pore size of 30 μm, and used as cushion layer coating liquid CU-1.
──────────────────────────────────
Composition of coating solution for cushion layer (%)
──────────────────────────────────
・Methyl methacrylate/2-ethylhexyl acrylate/
Benzyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymer (copolymer composition ratio (molar ratio) = 55/30/10/5,
Weight average molecular weight = 100,000, Tg ≈ 70°C)
5.89
・ Styrene / acrylic acid copolymer (copolymer composition ratio (molar ratio) = 65/35,
Weight average molecular weight = 10,000, Tg ≈ 100°C)
13.74
・ BPE-500 (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.) 9.20
・Mega Fuck F-780-F
(manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 0.55
・Methanol 11.22
・Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 6.43
・Methyl ethyl ketone 52.97
──────────────────────────────────

(Formation of cushion layer)
The cushion layer coating liquid CU-1 was applied onto the 1/4 wavelength retardation layer 144 using a slit nozzle and dried. Thus, a cushion layer having a thickness of 14.6 μm was formed, and a transfer film 145 for the quarter-wave retardation layer 144 was produced.

The retardation Re and Rth of the produced quarter-wave retardation films 141, 142, 143 and quarter-wave retardation layer 144 were measured by AxoScan. Table 2 shows the results. These quarter-wave retardation films were used as quarter-wave retardation layers.

<Preparation of optical compensation film (single-layer structure)>
An optical compensation film 501 was produced by adjusting the thickness of the sample shown in Example 1 of JP-A-2006-72309.
As a result of measuring the retardation of the optical compensation film 501 with AxoScan, Re1(550)=230 nm, Rth1(550)=0 nm, Re1(450)/Re1(550)=1.00, Re1(550)/Re1(650 )=1.00.
The optical compensation film 501 was used as an optical compensation layer having a one-layer structure.

<Preparation of optical compensation film (two-layer structure)>
The quarter-wave retardation layer 144 described above was used as the first optically anisotropic layer.

The coating side surface of the first optically anisotropic layer was subjected to corona treatment at a discharge amount of 150 W min/m ² , and the following composition 2 for forming a liquid crystal layer was used to form the first optically anisotropic layer. A second optically anisotropic layer was formed on the first optically anisotropic layer by the same procedure as for the layers, and an optical compensation film 51 was obtained. The thickness of the second optically anisotropic layer was adjusted so that the retardation in the thickness direction was Rth2(550)=-110 nm. In addition, Rth2(450)/Rth2(550) of the second optically anisotropic layer was 0.95 and had wavelength dispersion of reverse dispersion. The in-plane retardation of the second optically anisotropic layer was Re2(550)=0.1 nm.

―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
(Composition of composition 2 for liquid crystal layer formation)
―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
50.0 parts by mass of liquid crystalline compound R1 below 33.3 parts by mass of liquid crystalline compound R2 below 16.7 parts by mass of liquid crystalline compound R3 below 1.5 parts by mass of compound B1 below Monomer K1 below 4. 0 parts by mass Polymerization initiator P1 below 5.0 parts by mass Polymerization initiator P2 below 2.0 parts by mass Surfactant S1 below 0.4 parts by mass Surfactant S2 below 0.5 parts by mass Acetone 200 .0 parts by mass・Propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate 50.0 parts by mass――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――

・Liquid crystal compound R1
A mixture of 83:15:2 (mass ratio) of the following liquid crystalline compounds (RA) (RB) (RC)

・Liquid crystal compound R2

・Liquid crystal compound R3

・Compound B1

・ Monomer K1: A-TMMT (Shin Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.)

・Polymerization initiator P1

・Polymerization initiator P2

・Surfactant S1 (Mw: 15000, the numerical value in the following formula is % by mass)

・Surfactant S2 (weight average molecular weight: 11,200)

The optical compensation film 502 produced as described above was used as an optical compensation layer having a two-layer structure.

<Production of antireflection layer>
Using a cellulose acetate film "TD80U" manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd. as a base material, an antireflection layer 601 having a three-layered antireflection layer on the surface was produced with reference to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-262187. The surface reflectance of the antireflection layer 601 was 0.5% or less.

[Example 1]
The antireflection layer 601 was immersed in a 2.3 mol/L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution at 55° C. for 3 minutes. Next, it was washed in a water washing bath at room temperature and neutralized with 0.05 mol/L sulfuric acid at 30°C. Further, after washing again in a water washing bath at room temperature, it was dried with warm air at 100° C. and saponified.
The antireflection layer 601 saponified by the above procedure, the polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizer, and the 1/4 wavelength retardation film 141 are combined with the absorption axis of the polarizer and the slow axis of the 1/4 wavelength retardation film 141. were bonded together using an adhesive so that the two formed an angle of 45°. At this time, a 3% aqueous solution of PVA (PVA-117H manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used as the adhesive. Thus, the polarizing plate 101 used on the viewing side was produced.
In addition, a cellulose acetate film “TD80U” manufactured by Fuji Film Co., Ltd. was saponified in the same procedure as above, and laminated to a polyvinyl alcohol polarizer in the same procedure as above. At this time, no protective layer was provided on the surface of the polarizer opposite to the TD80U. Thus, the polarizing plate 102 to be used on the back side was produced.
The polarizing plates 101 and 102 prepared above were attached to both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell 201 using an adhesive sheet SK2057 manufactured by Soken Kagaku. At this time, the polarizing plate 101 was arranged so that the antireflection layer 601 side was the outermost surface on the viewing side, and the quarter-wave retardation film 141 side was in contact with the ITO of the liquid crystal cell 201 . Also, the polarizer 102 was arranged so that the TD80U side was outside.
Further, the absorption axes of the polarizers of the polarizing plates 101 and 102 are arranged to form an angle of 90°, and the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation film 141 and the voltage of the liquid crystal cell 201 are not applied. The substantial slow axis during heating was arranged to form an angle of 90°. That is, the substantially slow axis of the liquid crystal cell 201 when no voltage was applied and the absorption axis of the polarizer 102 formed an angle of 45°.
Next, the display of the display-integrated computer iMac manufactured by Apple Inc. was disassembled, and the prepared liquid crystal cell was placed on the taken out backlight so that the polarizing plate 101 side was on the viewing side. Thus, the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 was produced.

[Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example]
Liquid crystal display devices of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 with the configurations shown in Table 3.
However, when the optical compensation film 501 was attached to the polarizer, the slow axis of the optical compensation film 501 and the absorption axis of the polarizer were arranged to form an angle of 90°. When the optical compensation film 502 is attached to the polarizer, the slow axis of the optical compensation film 502 and the absorption axis of the polarizer are parallel to each other, and the second optically anisotropic layer is attached to the polarizer. After adhering so as to be in contact with each other, Z-TAC used as a support for the optical compensation film 502 was peeled off.
When the optical compensation film and the 1/4 wavelength retardation film were attached together, an adhesive sheet SK2057 manufactured by Soken Kagaku Co., Ltd. was used.
Thus, the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Example were produced.

[Example 8]
The transfer film 145 of the quarter-wave retardation layer 144 is superimposed on the surface of the liquid crystal cell 201 on the viewing side, and a laminator (manufactured by Hitachi Industries, Ltd. (Lamic II type)) is used to apply a linear pressure of 100 N / cm, a temperature of 130° C., and a conveying speed of 2.2 m/min. After that, only the support of the transfer film 145 was peeled off and removed. In this manner, the quarter-wave retardation layer 144 was transferred to the viewing side of the liquid crystal cell 201 . At this time, the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer 144 and the substantial slow axis of the liquid crystal cell 201 when no voltage was applied were arranged to form an angle of 90°.
Other steps were the same as in Example 1, and the liquid crystal display device of Example 8 was manufactured with the configuration shown in Table 3.

<Evaluation of liquid crystal display device>
(Evaluation of external light reflectance)
The backlight of the manufactured liquid crystal display devices of Examples and Comparative Examples was turned off, and the external light reflectance was measured using a spectrophotometer “CM-700d” manufactured by Konica Minolta Japan, Inc. The value obtained by subtracting the SCE value measured at a wavelength of 550 nm from the SCI value measured at a wavelength of 550 nm was taken as the external light reflectance at a wavelength of 550 nm.
When the external light reflectance was 1.0% or less, the displayed image had good visibility even under external light with an illuminance of 50,000 lux, which can correspond to strong external light.

(Evaluation of Front Contrast in Dark Room)
The manufactured liquid crystal display devices of Examples and Comparative Examples were placed in a dark room, and the backlight was turned on in a state in which no voltage was applied (that is, black display state). The luminance of light leakage from the liquid crystal display device in this state was measured using a spectrophotometer SR-UL2 manufactured by Topcon Technohouse Corporation. At this time, the spectrophotometer was installed so as to look vertically at the liquid crystal cell.
Next, a voltage was applied to the liquid crystal display device to display white, and luminance was measured using a spectral luminance meter SR-UL2 in the same manner as described above.
The obtained brightness of white display was divided by the brightness of black display to calculate the front contrast value.
When the front contrast was 300 or more, it had high display quality in a dark room.

(Evaluation of Viewing Angle Contrast in Dark Room)
The manufactured liquid crystal display devices of Examples and Comparative Examples were placed in a dark room, and the contrast was measured using a spectrophotometer SR-UL2 in the same manner as described above. However, the spectrophotometer has an angle of 60° from the vertical direction of the liquid crystal cell, and the azimuth angle changes in increments of 15° in the range of 0° to 180° with respect to the direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer on the viewing side. It was measured while adjusting the position and angle as follows. In all measured azimuth angles, the azimuth angle with the minimum contrast was determined, and the contrast at that time was defined as the viewing angle contrast.
When the viewing angle contrast was 10 or more, the viewing angle characteristics were good in the darkroom, and when it was 50 or more, the viewing angle characteristics were very good in the darkroom.

Table 3 shows the evaluation results of Examples and Comparative Examples.

As shown in Table 3, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention suppresses external light reflection, maintains visibility under strong external light, and even in a viewing environment without external light such as a dark room, light leakage of black display. It was confirmed that the display quality was suppressed and the display quality was high.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 first polarizing plate 11 outer protective layer of first polarizing plate 12 first polarizer 13 inner protective layer of first polarizing plate 14 quarter-wave retardation layer 20 liquid crystal cell 21 transparent electrode 22 first substrate of liquid crystal cell 23 Liquid crystal layer 24 Second substrate of liquid crystal cell 30 Second polarizing plate 31 Inner protective layer of second polarizing plate 32 Second polarizer 33 Outer protective layer of second polarizing plate 40 Backlight unit 100 Liquid crystal display device 120 First polarizer Absorption axis of 140 Slow axis of quarter-wave retardation layer 200 Liquid crystal display device 230 Slow axis of liquid crystal layer 300 Liquid crystal display device 320 Absorption axis of second polarizer 700 Light emitted from backlight unit 800 External light

Claims (20)

A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50° ,
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the phase difference Δnd (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell and the phase difference Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the quarter-wave retardation layer A liquid crystal display device , wherein the difference is 10 nm or less .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50° ,
When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the phase difference Δnd (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell and the phase difference Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the quarter-wave retardation layer A liquid crystal display device , wherein the difference is 10 nm or less .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0 When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell, the angle formed by the slow axis direction of the liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell and the slow axis direction of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 85° or more and 95°. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is less than 4. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , comprising an antireflection layer on the outermost surface on the viewing side. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the liquid crystal cell has an indium tin oxide layer on the viewing side surface. 6. The liquid crystal according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the angle between the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the absorption axis of the second polarizer is 85° or more and less than 95°. display device. The retardation Re (λ) of the quarter-wave retardation layer exhibits the wavelength dispersion of forward dispersion in the wavelength region of visible light, and the retardation Re (λ) of the quarter-wave retardation layer , and the retardation Δnd(λ) of the liquid crystal layer satisfy the following formula ( 2 ).
Formula (2):
Re(650)/Re(550)=Δnd(650)/Δnd(550)±0.05 8. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 7 , wherein the quarter-wave retardation layer is a film in which the molecules of the discotic liquid crystalline compound are fixed in a vertically aligned state. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 , further comprising an optical compensation layer between said first polarizer and said quarter-wave retardation layer. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 , comprising an optical compensation layer between said liquid crystal cell and said second polarizer. A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell has a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing a liquid crystal compound whose orientation is controlled. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer;
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4).
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4).
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer;
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4).
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein the retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the optical compensation layer satisfy the following formulas (3) and (4).
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
Formula (3): 200 nm≦Re1(550)≦400 nm
Formula (4): −40 nm≦Rth1(550)≦40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer;
The optical compensation layer is a laminate of a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer,
The retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the first optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (5) and (6),
A liquid crystal display device in which the retardation Re2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the second optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (7) and (8): .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a negative A plate whose retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm satisfies the following formula (1),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer,
The optical compensation layer is a laminate of a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer,
The retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the first optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (5) and (6),
A liquid crystal display device in which the retardation Re2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the second optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (7) and (8): .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the first polarizer and the quarter-wave retardation layer;
The optical compensation layer is a laminate of a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer,
The retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the first optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (5) and (6),
A liquid crystal display device in which the retardation Re2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the second optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (7) and (8): .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm A liquid crystal display device comprising at least a first polarizer, a quarter-wave retardation layer, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizer in this order,
The liquid crystal cell includes a pair of substrates facing each other, at least one of which has an electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates and containing an alignment-controlled liquid crystalline compound. An IPS or FFS liquid crystal cell that forms an electric field with a component parallel to
The liquid crystal layer in the liquid crystal cell has a phase difference of 1/4 wavelength or a phase difference of 3/4 wavelength,
The quarter-wave retardation layer is a positive A plate having a retardation Re (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm that satisfies the following formula (1), and the quarter-wave retardation layer retardation Re ( λ) satisfies the following formulas (1-1) and (1-2),
The angle formed by the azimuth of the absorption axis of the first polarizer and the azimuth of the slow axis of the quarter-wave retardation layer is 40° or more and less than 50°,
comprising an optical compensation layer between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer,
The optical compensation layer is a laminate of a first optically anisotropic layer and a second optically anisotropic layer,
The retardation Re1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth1 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the first optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (5) and (6),
A liquid crystal display device in which the retardation Re2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm and the thickness direction retardation Rth2(550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of the second optically anisotropic layer satisfy the following formulas (7) and (8): .
Formula (1): 100 nm ≤ Re(550) ≤ 160 nm
Formula (1-1): Re(450)/Re(550)<1.0
Formula (1-2): Re(650)/Re(550)>1.0
Formula (5): 80 nm≦Re1(550)≦200 nm
Formula (6): 20 nm≦Rth1(550)≦150 nm
Formula (7): 0 nm≦Re2(550)≦40 nm
Formula (8): −160 nm≦Rth2(550)≦−40 nm The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 15 to 18 , wherein said first optically anisotropic layer is a positive A plate and said second optically anisotropic layer is a positive C plate. 20. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 19 , wherein at least one of said first optically anisotropic layer and said second optically anisotropic layer is a film in which a liquid crystalline compound is fixed in an oriented state.

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