JP7093247B2 - Optotype display device and ophthalmic device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an optotype display device and an ophthalmic device.

There is known a subjective optometry device that presents an optotype to the optometry subject and examines the visual function of the optometry subject based on the response from the subject regarding the appearance thereof. One of the inspection items using such a subjective optometry device is binocular vision optometry, in which different optotypes are presented to both eyes and an oblique position test or a stereoscopic function test is performed. As a method of presenting different optotypes to the left and right eyes, in general, the light from the optotype for the right eye and the light from the optotype for the left eye are each polarized with different polarizing directions (polarizing film). ) Is transmitted to obtain polarized light with different polarization directions, and by placing a polarizing plate that transmits only the polarized light from the optotypes for each eye in front of the left and right eyes, only each optotype is placed in the left and right eyes. Is known to make the eyes visible.

As an optotype display device that presents different optotypes to both eyes, one using an electronic display device such as a liquid crystal display or organic electroluminescence is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Here, when presenting different optotypes to the left and right eyes on an electronic display device, generally, a polarization filter having different polarization characteristics is arranged for each pixel line. Therefore, the image presented to one eye is every other line, and the resolution is reduced to 1/2.

In order to suppress such a decrease in resolution, Patent Document 1 arranges two displays for the left eye and a right eye, and the luminous flux of the optotype displayed on the displays for the left eye and the display for the right eye, respectively. A visual acuity display device for synthesizing the optical axes of the above coaxially with a beam combiner is disclosed. However, since two displays are required for the left and right eyes and it is necessary to synthesize the optical axis using a beam combiner, the configuration is complicated, and there are problems in terms of cost and placement space.

In order to deal with such a problem, Patent Document 2 displays a right-eye optotype and a left-eye optotype in different display areas of one display, and corresponds to each display area on the right. Disclosed is an optotype presenting apparatus in which a polarizing optical member for converting light from an ocular optotype and a left eye optotype into light having polarization axes orthogonal to each other is arranged. However, in the prior art described in Patent Document 2, when the optotype images for the left and right eyes presented in different regions are fused, the natural visual state and the eye position are different, so that a natural (natural) optometry is performed. There is a problem that it cannot be done.

JP-A-2009-240727 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-57686

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above problem, and it is possible to present a binocular vision function optometry target with a simple configuration, and the subject can perform binocular vision function optometry at the same eye position as in the natural visual state. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optotype presenting device and an ophthalmic device capable of providing an eyepiece presenting device and an ophthalmic device.

In order to achieve the above object, the optotype presenting device of the present invention has two display areas, one for the left eye and the other for the right eye, on which the optotypes for the left eye and the right eye are displayed on one display surface. It is equipped with an optotype display unit, and the light from each display area for the left eye and the right eye has different optical characteristics from each other, and is arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye for the left eye and the right eye. A pair of optical members for the left eye and the right eye that transmit only the light having optical characteristics from each display area of the above, and left eye and right that are arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye. The left eye of the optotype display unit includes a pair of light deflection members for the left eye and the right eye that deflect the light transmitted through the optical member for the eye and guide it to the left eye and the right eye. When the binocular visual function in which the target is displayed in the display area for the left eye and the right eye, the light deflection member for the left eye and the right eye is provided corresponding to the left eye and the right eye. It is characterized by being configured to be placed.

Further, the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention is characterized by including the above-mentioned optotype presenting apparatus.

In the optotype presenting device and the ophthalmic device configured as described above, when performing binocular vision function optometry, light deflection members for the left eye and the right eye are arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye. .. As a result, the light of the left-eye and right-eye optotypes having different optical characteristics from the different display areas for the left eye and the right eye of the optotype display unit is deflected by each light deflection member and left eye. And can lead to the right eye. Therefore, the binocular vision function optometry target can be presented by a simple configuration, and the subject can perform the binocular vision function optometry at the same eye position as the natural visual state.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the appearance structure of the optometry apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the block structure of the control system of the optometry apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline of the optical member of the optometry apparatus main body of the optometry apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment, its drive mechanism, and an optotype display apparatus. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state of the optical path and the eye position at the time of binocular vision function optometry using the optometry apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the state of the eye position when one optotype displayed on the display surface is gazed at the state which the polarizing film and the prism are not arranged in an optical path. The position of the eye when the polarizing film is placed in the optical path and the targets for the left eye and the right eye displayed in the display area for the left eye and the right eye are gazed at in the state where the prism is not placed. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a state. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the operation of the optometry apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment. (A) is a schematic view of the optometry device according to the third embodiment, and (b) is a schematic view of the optometry device according to the fourth embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a subjective optometry device (hereinafter, simply referred to as “optometry device”) as an example of the optotype display device of the present invention and an ophthalmic device including the optotype display device will be referred to with reference to the drawings. I will explain while.
The optometry device according to the first embodiment is an optometry device capable of performing binocular vision function examinations such as an oblique position examination, a fusion examination, and a stereoscopic vision function examination in a state where the subject has both left and right eyes open. be. In addition, in the optometry apparatus of this embodiment, it is possible not only to inspect both eyes at the same time but also to inspect one eye at a time.

[Configuration of optometry device 100]
The configuration of the optometry apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5B. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an external configuration of the optometry device 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the optometry device 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an outline of an optical member 10 of an optometry device main body 1, a drive mechanism 13 thereof, and an optotype display device 2.

4, FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5B are explanatory views for explaining the state of the optical path and the eye position at the time of binocular vision function optometry using the optometry device 100. 4 to 5B show the optometry device 100 in a plan view (top view) as viewed from above, but for ease of explanation, only the display 20 of the optotype display device 2 is shown in a front view. There is. In addition, FIGS. 4, 5A, and 5B are diagrams schematically shown for ease of explanation, and are different from the actual scale.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optometry device 100 of the present embodiment mainly includes an optometry device main body 1, an optotype display device 2, and a controller 3. The optometry device main body 1 is provided, for example, on the optometry table 4.

As shown in FIG. 1 throughout the present specification, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are taken, and when viewed from the subject S, the left-right direction is the X direction, and the vertical direction (vertical direction) is the Y direction. The direction orthogonal to the direction and the Y direction (the direction of the optotype display device 2 and the depth direction when viewed from the eye examination device main body 1) is defined as the Z direction.

The optometry table 4 is a desk for supporting the optometry device main body 1 and placing the controller 3. For example, the optometry table 4 is provided with the columns 5 standing upright. The strut 5 is configured to be expandable and contractible in the longitudinal direction thereof. The strut 5 supports a support arm 6 extending laterally. A support member 7 is attached to the support arm 6 at an end (tip) opposite to the support column 5. The optometry device main body 1 is suspended from the support member 7, so that the support arm 6 supports the optometry device main body 1. Further, an operation arm 8 is provided at the tip of the support arm 6 so as to project from the tip. The operation arm 8 is operated by the examiner T and can rotate together with the support arm 6 and the optometry device main body 1 in the axial direction (arrows a and b directions) of the support column 5. Further, although the chair 9a for the subject S is provided in the vicinity of the optometry table 4, a chair 9b for the examiner T may be provided.

[Optometry device body 1]
The optometry device main body 1 is an optometry unit 10L, 10R as an optometry optical system for the left eye and a right eye provided in pairs on the left and right so as to correspond to the left and right optometry E (left eye EL, right eye ER). Is equipped with. The optometry units 10L and 10R are slidably attached to the support member 7 in the left-right direction (X direction), and are capable of relative approach and separation. Hereinafter, "for the left eye and for the right eye" may be simply abbreviated as "for the left and right eyes" or "for the left and right eyes".

The optometry units 10L and 10R for the left and right eyes are provided with optometry windows 11L and 11R for the left and right eyes, respectively. Within each of the optometry units 10L and 10R, a plurality of optical members 12L and 12R for the left and right eyes that are selectively arranged in the optometry windows 11L and 11R for the left and right eyes and used for the optometry are arranged. Further, in each of the optometry units 10L and 10R, light-shielding members for the left and right eyes are provided which are arranged in the optometry windows 11L and 11R and open and close (shield and open) the optometry windows 11L and 11R, respectively. The optical members 12L and 12R for the left and right eyes and the light-shielding member are configured to be individually operable by the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R for the left and right eyes.

The plurality of optical members 12L and 12R for the left and right eyes are an aggregate composed of various lenses and polarizing members used for correcting the visual function of the eye E to be inspected. Each optical member 12L, 12R includes, for example, a polarizing filter, a spherical lens, a cylindrical lens, and a prism. The plurality of optical members 12L and 12R are grouped according to the type of optometry parameter. In the present embodiment, each of the polarizing members of the optical members 12L and 12R for the left and right eyes includes the polarizing film (filter) FL and FR for the left and right eyes for the left and right eyes as the optical member (polarizing member), and each prism includes. It includes prisms PL and PR for the left and right eyes as light deflection members (see FIG. 4). The polarizing films for the left and right eyes (hereinafter referred to as “polarizing films on the side to be inspected”) FL and FR are composed of linear polarizing films, and are provided so that their polarizing axes (polarizing planes) are orthogonal to each other.

The optometry parameter indicates an inspection condition for inspecting the visual function of the eye E to be inspected. For example, the type of optometry parameter includes at least one of spherical power, astigmatic power, astigmatic axis angle, addition power, interpupillary distance, prism power, and prism base direction. As a grouping for each type of optometry parameters, the set of spherical powers includes a plurality of spherical lenses, each of which is composed of spherical lenses having different spherical powers. The astigmatic power set includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses, each of which is composed of cylindrical lenses having different astigmatic powers. The set of astigmatic powers is further configured so that each lens can be rotated according to the astigmatic axis angle. A set of prism powers includes a plurality of prisms, each of which is composed of prisms having different prism powers. In addition, the set of prism powers may be further configured so that individual prisms can be rotated. The interpupillary distance is an examination condition set according to the interpupillary distance PD of the eye E (left eye EL, right eye ER). The interpupillary distance is set by sliding one or both of the optometry units 10L and 10R in the horizontal direction (X direction). In the present embodiment, a plurality of prisms having different prism refractive powers are arranged, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a variable prism (rotary prism) composed of two prism sets is also used. good.

The drive mechanisms 13L and 13R for the left and right eyes allow the plurality of optical members 12L and 12R for the left and right eyes to be arranged in the left and right optometry windows 11L and 11R, and to be retracted from the optometry windows 11L and 11R. It is configured. For example, each drive mechanism 13L, 13R has a plurality of disc-shaped turret plates 14L, 14R for the left and right eyes. The turret plates 14L and 14R are configured to be rotatable around the center of the circle by the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R. Each turret plate 14L, 14R has a plurality of holes h in the vicinity of the outer peripheral edge. Optical members 12L and 12R are fitted in the holes h, respectively. By rotating the turret plates 14L and 14R, the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R arrange the plurality of optical members 12L and 12R in the optometry windows 11L and 11R, and retract them from the optometry windows 11L and 11R. The drive mechanisms 13L and 13R are composed of, for example, an actuator, a plurality of gear sets, a drive force transmission mechanism such as a rack and pinion, and the like.

[Optical display device 2]
As shown in FIG. 3, the optotype display device 2 is arranged at a predetermined distance D in front of the eye to be inspected E via the optometry device main body 1. The optotype display device 2 includes a display 20 as an optotype display unit, and presents an optotype to the eye E to be inspected by displaying the optotype on the display surface (display area) 20a. By receiving the control signal from the controller 3, the optotype display device 2 displays optotypes such as a visual acuity test optotype, a red-green inspection optotype, an astigmatism inspection optotype, and a binocular vision function ophthalmoscope on the display 20. Displayed on the surface 20a.

The display 20 is composed of an electronic display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic electroluminescence display (organic EL). Pixels are arranged in an array on the display surface 20a. The optotype can be displayed in a predetermined area of the display surface 20a according to the optotype to be displayed.

Further, in the present embodiment, in order to display the binocular vision function optometry target, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the display surface 20a is divided into two parts from the center to the left and right to form a display area 21L for the left eye. A display area 21R for the right eye can be provided.

The display area 21L for the left eye and the display area 21R for the right eye are not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment. For example, a display area 21L for the left eye and a display area 21R for the right eye may be provided on a part of the display surface 20a (for example, the upper side) side by side, and the display surface 20a may be large or vertically long. Suitable for cases and the like. Further, if the optical path is adjusted by an optical member such as a prism or a mirror, the display area 21L for the left eye and the display area 21R for the right eye can be provided side by side in the vertical direction (Y direction) on the display surface 20a.

Corresponding to the display area 21L for the left eye and the display area 21R for the right eye, the polarizing film for the left eye (hereinafter referred to as "target side polarizing film") is provided on the subject S side (front side), respectively. ) FL and the polarizing film fR for the right eye are arranged. Here, the "polarizing film" also includes a phase plate such as a λ / 2 plate that changes the phase. The target-side polarizing films fL and fR may be fixedly provided in the display area 21L for the left eye and the display area 21R for the right eye, but in the present embodiment, they are attached to and detached from the display areas 21L and 21R. It is provided freely. By making it removable in this way, the optotype-side polarizing films fL and fR can be retracted from the optical path during an inspection that does not require polarization, and a brighter optotype can be presented. The degree of freedom can be increased.

After transmitting the optotype polarizing film fL for the left eye, only light polarized on a predetermined polarization axis (referred to as “first polarization axis”) is available. After the light is transmitted through the target-side polarizing film fR for the right eye, only the light polarized on the polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarization axis (referred to as “second polarization axis”) becomes available.

The first polarization axis is parallel to the polarization axis of the eye-side polarizing film FL for the left eye. The second polarization axis is parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film FR on the side to be inspected for the right eye. As a result, when the inspection is being performed, the light from the display area 21L for the left eye provided with the target-side polarizing film fL for the left eye is transmitted through the polarizing film FL for the left eye to be inspected. , It is deflected by the prism PL and reaches the left eye EL. Similarly, the light from the display region 21R for the right eye provided with the target-side polarizing film fR for the right eye passes through the eye-side polarizing film FR for the right eye and is deflected by the prism PR to the right. Reach the eye ER.

Here, see FIGS. 4, 5A, and 5B regarding the relationship between the display areas 21L and 21R for the left and right eyes, the target-side polarizing films fL and fL, the subject-side polarizing films FL and FR, and the prisms PL and PR. I will explain while doing.

In FIG. 5A, one optotype O displayed on the display surface 20a was gazed at in a state where the polarizing films FL, FR, fL, fL for the left and right eyes and the prisms PL, PR were not arranged in the optical path. The state of the eye position at that time is shown. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the target O 5 m ahead is gazed by binocular vision, for example, the interpupillary distance PD of the left eye EL and the right eye ER is 64 mm on average for the subject S. For example, the left eye EL and the right eye ER rotate inward (inward vision) by θ = 0.37 ° with respect to the Z axis, respectively. This corresponds to 0.64Δ (prism diopter). This is the natural (natural) binocular vision state in the original natural vision state.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, when the optotype OL and the optotype OR are presented in different display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye, respectively, the center of the optotype OL and the optotype OR. Is presented at a distance of L1 = 150 mm from the center of the display surface 20a in the width direction at a distance of 5 m. That is, the centers of the optotype OL and the optotype OR are presented at a distance of L2 = 300 mm. Therefore, when the left eye EL and right eye ER of the subject S with PD = 64 mm gaze at the centers of the corresponding optotypes OL and OR for the left eye and the right eye, conversely, θ with respect to the Z axis. '= 1.35 ° Rotate outward. This is 2.36Δ, which is 3Δ (0.64Δ + 2.36Δ) outward rotation compared to the original rotation (inward view) in FIG. 5A, so that the subject S feels uncomfortable.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the prisms PL and PR of the optical members 12L and 12R provided in the optometry units 10L and 10R for the left and right eyes are arranged in front of the left eye EL and the right eye ER. is doing. With this configuration, the light rays (light rays B shown in FIG. 4) after passing through the prisms PL and PR are deflected so that the left eye EL and the right eye ER have eye positions close to natural vision.

In the example of FIG. 4, prisms PL and PR of 3ΔBO (prism base out) are arranged. However, the amount of polarization (prism power) by the prisms PL and PR is not limited to the example of FIG. 4, the distance between the eye E to be inspected and the optotype display device 2, and the center of the optotypes OL and OR for the left and right eyes. It can be appropriately changed according to conditions such as the interval and the interpupillary distance PD of the subject S. In the present embodiment, since the prisms in the optical members 12L and 12R provided in the left and right optometry units 10L and 10R are used, the prisms PL and PR having an appropriate polarization amount corresponding to the conditions are selected. Can be placed.

As the optotypes OL and OR for the left and right eyes, a cross-shaped optotype is displayed in FIG. 4, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a Randold ring, a Snellen chart, an E chart, or the like, or it may be a target using characters such as hiragana and katakana, pictures of animals and fingers, and the like, and it may be used for binocular examination. It may be a specific figure, a landscape painting, a landscape photograph, or the like, and various optotypes can be used. Further, the optotypes OL and OR may be still images or moving images. Since a display 20 such as an LCD is used as the optotype display unit, it is possible to display an optotype having a desired shape and shape, and it is possible to perform various binocular vision function optometry.

[Controller 3]
The controller 3 is used by the examiner T to operate the optometry device 100. The controller 3 accepts an operation by the examiner T and outputs a control signal corresponding to the operation to the optometry device main body 1 or the optotype display device 2 or both. The controller 3 and the optometry device main body 1 are communicably connected by a general communication interface (I / F). The controller 3 outputs a control signal to the optometry device main body 1 via this communication I / F. Further, the controller 3 and the optotype display device 2 are communicably connected by a general communication I / F. The controller 3 outputs a control signal to the optotype display device 2 via this communication I / F.

As shown in FIG. 2, the controller 3 displays a control unit 30 that controls the operation of the entire optometry device 100, a reception unit 31 that receives an operation instruction from the examiner T, an optometry parameter, examination information, an examination result, and the like. It is configured to have a display unit 32 and the like.

As the reception unit 31, for example, a keyboard and a mouse are provided. Further, the display unit 32 can be configured by an LCD, an organic EL, or the like. If the display unit 32 is a touch panel type, the display surface of the display unit 32 also functions as the reception unit 31. The reception unit 31 is instructed to select various optotypes to be displayed on the display surface 20a, prism power, spherical power (S), cylindrical power (C), axial angle (A), interpupillary distance (PD), addition degree (ADD). ) Etc., and an instruction to set the eye E to be inspected to the left eye EL, the right eye ER, or both eyes.

In the present embodiment, the controller 3 is composed of a notebook personal computer provided with a reception unit 31 and a display unit 32, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is not limited to this, and a mobile terminal (information processing) such as a tablet terminal or a smartphone is used. It can also be configured with a device). The controller 3 is not limited to these, and may be a controller dedicated to optometry.

The control unit 30 includes a microprocessor and a storage unit 30a such as a RAM, a ROM, and a hard disk drive. The control unit 30 stores in advance a computer program for controlling each unit of the optometry device 100 in the storage unit 30a. The control unit 30 comprehensively controls the operation of the optometry device 100 by deploying and executing this computer program on, for example, a RAM. Further, in the storage unit 30a, in addition to the computer program, various optometry parameters for optometry, optometry results, and the like are stored.

The control unit 30 causes the display unit 32 to display the optometry parameters and the examination information in response to the operation instruction received by the reception unit 31. Further, in the case of the touch panel type display unit 32, the operation keys and the like are displayed on the display unit 32. Further, the control unit 30 drives the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R to rotate the turret plates 14L and 14R in response to the operation instruction, and changes the power of the refracting lens and the power of the prism arranged in the optometry windows 11L and 11R. do. Further, the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R are driven to operate the shielding member, and the optometry windows 11L and 11R are opened and closed.

Further, the control unit 30 controls the optotype display device 2 so that the optotypes selected by the selection instruction of the optotypes to be presented received by the reception unit 31 are displayed on the display surface 20a. When the display of the binocular vision function optometry target is selected by this selection instruction, the control unit 30 sets the display area 21L for the left eye and the display area 21R for the right eye on the display surface 20a for the left eye. The optotype display device 2 is controlled so as to display the optotype OL and the optotype OR for the right eye, respectively, and to arrange the optotype-side polarizing films fL and fR in the respective display areas 21L and 21R. At this time, the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R are driven to rotate the corresponding turret plates 14L and 14R, and the optometry windows 11L and 11R are predetermined in front of the optometry E (left eye EL and right eye ER). Or, the prisms PL and PR selected according to the conditions such as the interpupillary distance PD are arranged.

An example of an operation when performing binocular vision function optometry using the optometry device 100 of the first embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

First, as a preparatory work, the optometry device 100 (the optometry device main body 1, the optotype display device 2 and the controller 3) is turned on and activated. Next, the subject is made to sit on the chair 9a to face the optometry device main body 1, and the optometry unit 10L for the left eye and the optometry unit 10R for the right eye are arranged in front of the left eye EL and the right eye ER. At this time, the examiner T operates the controller 3 to drive the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R, or manually slides the optometry units 10L and 10R in the left-right direction according to the interpupillary distance PD of the eye E to be inspected. Adjust so that the optometry windows 11L and 11R are arranged facing the left eye EL and the right eye ER.

Then, when the examiner T operates the controller 3 to instruct the presentation of the binocular vision function optometry optotype, the control unit 30 controls the optotype display device 2 according to the instruction. As shown in FIG. 4, the optotype display device 2 sets optotypes OL and OR for the left eye and the right eye in the display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the left eye on the display surface 20a of the display 20. Each is displayed (step S1). Next, the target-side polarizing films fL and fR for the left eye and the left eye are arranged in front of the display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the left eye (step S2).

Next, the control unit 30 drives the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R of the optometry units 10L and 10R to rotate the corresponding turret plates 14L and 14R. As a result, the optometry films FL and FR for the left eye and the left eye are arranged in the optometry windows 11L and 11R for the left eye and the left eye (step S3), and the polarizing films for the left eye and the left eye are arranged. The prisms PL and PR are arranged (step S4).

At this time, for example, prisms PL and PR of 3ΔBO may be arranged. Further, the deflection angle and the amount of deflection are calculated and calculated based on the interpupillary distance PD acquired by the control unit 30 by the slide movement of the optometry units 10L and 10R, the presence or absence of tilt, and other states of the optometry E. It is more desirable to select and arrange the prisms PL and PR corresponding to the angle and the amount of deflection from the optical members 12L and 12R, and it is possible to perform a more accurate inspection corresponding to the state of the eye E to be inspected. The deflection angles and deflection amounts of the prisms PL and PR are not limited to acquisition by calculation, and correspond to the state of the eye E to be inspected such as the interpupillary distance PD and the deflection angles and deflection amounts of the prisms PL and PR. The attached table may be stored in the storage unit 30a in advance, and the deflection angle and the amount of deflection may be acquired from this table according to the state of the eye E to be inspected.

This completes the setting of the optometry device 100 for binocular vision function optometry. The steps S1 to S4 may be executed in this order, but may be executed in any order, or may be executed substantially at the same time.

Then, the subject S is presented from the optotype display device 2 through the left and right eye examination windows 11L, 11R and the eye-side polarizing films FL, FR, and is presented by the optotype-side polarizing films fL, fR for the left eye and the right eye. It is possible to gaze at the images of the optotypes OL and OR polarized by light having different polarization axes. At this time, since the light of the images of the optotypes OL and OR is deflected by the prisms PL and PR arranged in front of the left and right eyes, the subject S has the same eye position as the natural visual state and does not feel uncomfortable. Binocular vision function optometry becomes possible. Further, in this natural visual state, the turret plates 14L and 14R are rotated according to the appearance of the optotype, superposed on the prisms PL and PR, and another prism is arranged on the optometry windows 11L and 11R. By going, it is possible to correct the oblique position and the like.

A common prism PL, PR and a prism for correction may be used. In this case, a prism in which the prism powers of the prisms PL and PR, the prism power of the correction prism prescribed as the base angle, and the base angle are combined is arranged in front of the eye E to be inspected. The synthesis of the prism power and the axis angle is calculated in the controller 3, and the examiner T can perform the eye examination without being aware of the power of the prism PL and PR and the base angle.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the optometry device 100 provided with the optotype display device 2 according to the second embodiment will be described. The optometric display device 2 and the optometry device 100 according to the second embodiment are eye-examined side polarizing films as a pair of optical members for the left eye and the right eye arranged corresponding to the left eye EL and the right eye ER. FIGS. 1 to 4 have a pair of filters (color filters) for the left and right eyes that transmit light of different wavelengths instead of FL and FR, and do not have optotype polarizing films fL and fR. It has the same basic configuration as the optotype display device 2 and the optometry device 100 according to the first embodiment shown in the above. Therefore, detailed description of the same members as in the first embodiment will be omitted.

As a filter that transmits light of different wavelengths, for example, one of a pair of filters (for example, a filter for the left eye) is composed of a color filter that transmits light in the green wavelength band, and the other (for example, for the right eye). Filter) is composed of a color filter that transmits light in the red wavelength band.

When performing binocular vision function optometry with the optometry device 100 of the second embodiment having such a configuration, substantially the same operation as steps S1, S3, S4 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is executed. That is, the green optotype OL and the red optotype OR are displayed in the left and right display areas 21L and 21R of the display 20 (step S1), and filters for the left and right eyes are arranged in the optometry windows 11L and 11R (step). S3), the prisms PL and PR are arranged in the same manner (step S4). As a result, the light from the green optotype OL passes through only the filter for the left eye, and then is deflected by the prism PL and guided to the left eye EL. The light from the red optotype OR passes through only the filter for the right eye, and then is deflected by the prism PR and guided to the right eye ER. Therefore, also in the second embodiment, the subject S can perform binocular vision function optometry without discomfort at the same eye position as in the natural visual state. Further, it is possible to provide the optotype display device 2 and the optometry device 100 having a simpler configuration without the need for the optotype side polarizing films fL and fR.

In the above, the wavelengths of the optotypes OL and OR for the left eye and the right eye and the wavelengths transmitted by the filter are green and red, respectively, but the wavelength is not limited to this. The wavelength for the left eye may be red and the wavelength for the right eye may be green. Further, if the wavelengths for the left eye and those for the right eye are different, wavelengths other than green and red may be used.

Further, as a modification of the first and second embodiments, as in the first embodiment, the polarizing films FL, FR, fL, and fR are used to separate the light from the optotypes OL and OR by the polarization characteristics. The optotype display device 2 and the eye examination device 100 may be combined with a configuration in which light from the optotype OL and OR is separated by wavelength using a color filter as in the second embodiment. Binocular vision function Depending on the type of optometry, the state of eye E to be inspected, etc., optometry using polarization may be performed, or optometry using differences in color (wavelength) may be performed, and an optotype display device may be used. 2 and the functionality of the optometry device 100 can be improved.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, the optometry device 100A provided with the optotype display device 2A according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7A. In the first embodiment, the optometric display device 2 is installed 5 m ahead of the optometry E, but the optometry device 100A in the third embodiment is optically optical by using an optical member such as a concave mirror or a mirror. It is a space-saving optometry device that can secure the optometry distance by presenting an image of an optotype installed at a short distance.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the optometry device 100A of the third embodiment includes an optometric display device 2A, a polarizing film F on the optometry side to be detachably arranged in front of the optometry E, and a prism P. , And also a control unit for controlling the optometry device 100A.

The optotype display device 2A is configured by accommodating an optical member mainly including a concave mirror 22, a half mirror 23, and a display 20A in a housing. Similar to the first embodiment, the display 20A is provided with display areas for the left eye and the right eye for displaying optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, respectively. A target-side polarizing film f for the left eye and the right eye is detachably provided in each display area.

FIG. 7A shows an eye-side polarizing film FR for the right eye, a prism PR, a display area 21R, and a target-side polarizing film fR. However, even in the third embodiment, the left side is shown. These are provided for the eye. The same applies to the fourth embodiment described later. Also in the third and fourth embodiments, those having the same optical characteristics as those of the first embodiment can be used as the eye-side polarizing film F, the prism P, and the target-side polarizing film f. Further, also in the third and fourth embodiments, the same optometry device main body 1 as in the first embodiment is provided, and either the polarizing film or the prism of the optometry device main body 1 is used as both the polarizing film F on the side to be inspected and the prism P. You may. Alternatively, even if the optometry apparatus main body 1 is not provided, a polarizing film for optometry and a prism may be attached to a spectacle-type optometry test frame that is used predominantly at the time of optometry.

In the optometry device 100A of the second embodiment, the light from the optotype displayed on the display 20A is transmitted through the half mirror 23, guided to the concave mirror 22, reflected by the concave mirror 22, and then reflected by the half mirror 23. Then, it is guided to the eye E to be inspected. The light reflected by the half mirror 23 forms a virtual image as an optometric image for optometry at a position, for example, 5 m in front of the optometry E. This enables the same inspection as when using an optotype installed 5 m away.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Next, the optometry device 100B provided with the optotype display device 2B according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7 (b). Similar to the third embodiment, the optometry device 100B of the fourth embodiment is also a space-saving optometry device capable of optically securing an optometry distance by using an optical member such as a lens.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the optometry device 100B of the fourth embodiment includes an optometric display device 2B, a polarizing film F on the optometry side to be detachably arranged in front of the optometry E, and a prism P. , And also a control unit for controlling the optometry device 100B.

The optotype display device 2B is configured by accommodating an optical member mainly including a mirror 24, a convex lens system 25, and a display 20B in a housing. Similar to the first embodiment, the display 20B is provided with display areas 21 for the left eye and the right eye for displaying optotypes for the left eye and the right eye, respectively. The target-side polarizing film f for the left eye and the right eye is detachably provided in each display area 21.

In the optometry device 100B of the third embodiment, the light from the optotype displayed on the display 20B is guided to the convex lens system 25. The convex lens system 25 forms a virtual image as an optometric image for optometry at a position, for example, 5 m ahead of the eye E to be inspected. The light that has passed through the convex lens system 25 is reflected by the mirror 24 and guided to the eye E to be inspected.

In the optotype display devices 2A and 2B and the optometry devices 100A and 100B of the third and fourth embodiments having the above configuration, as in the first embodiment, when performing the binocular vision function test + eye, left and right. The optotypes for the left and right eyes are displayed in the display area 21 for the eyes, and the optotype-side polarizing film f for the left and right eyes is arranged in each display area. Further, in front of the eye E to be inspected, the polarizing film F on the side to be inspected for the left and right eyes and the prism P are arranged. This enables the subject S to perform binocular vision function optometry at the same eye position as in the natural visual state. Further, it is possible to provide not only a simple configuration but also a compact and space-saving optotype display device 2A, 2B and an optometry device 100A, 100B.

In the third and fourth embodiments, as in the second embodiment, the optotypes OL and OR having different wavelengths are displayed in the display areas 21L and 21R, and are arranged so as to correspond to the left eye EL and the right eye ER. As the optical member, a filter that transmits only light having a wavelength from each of the optotypes OL and OR may be used. Further, the optotype display devices 2A and 2B and the optometry devices 100A and 100B may be combined with a configuration in which the light from the optotype is separated by the polarization characteristic and a configuration in which the light from the optotype O is separated by the wavelength.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described. In the optotype display devices 2, 2A and 2B of the first to fourth embodiments according to the present invention, the optotypes OL and OR optotypes for the left eye and the right eye are displayed on one display surface 20a on the left. The display 20, 20A, 20B as an optotype display unit having two display areas 21L, 21R for the eye and the right eye is provided, and light from each display area 21L, 21R for the left eye and the right eye is provided. It has different optical characteristics from each other. A pair of left-eye and right-eye displays that are arranged corresponding to the left-eye EL and right-eye ER and transmit only light having optical characteristics from the left-eye and right-eye display areas 21L and 21R, respectively. The optical member (polarizing film FL, FR or filter on the side to be inspected) and the light transmitted through the optical member for the left eye and the right eye, which are arranged corresponding to the left eye EL and the right eye ER, are deflected and the left eye. The prisms PL and PR as optical deflection members for the left eye and the right eye leading to the EL and the right eye ER are provided. At the time of binocular vision function optometry in which the optotypes OL and OR are displayed in the display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye of the displays 20, 20A and 20B, the left eye EL and the right eye ER are supported. It is configured to arrange prisms PL and PR for the left eye and the right eye. Further, the optometry devices 100, 100A, 100B as the ophthalmic devices of the first to fourth embodiments according to the present invention are configured to include the optotype display devices 2, 2A, 2B as described above.

With the above configuration, the light having a predetermined optical characteristic from the optotype OL for the left eye displayed in the display area 21L for the left eye of the displays 20, 20A, 20B is transmitted only through the optical member for the left eye. After that, it is deflected by the prism PL for the left eye and guided to the left eye EL. On the other hand, after the light having optical characteristics different from the light from the optotype OL from the optotype OR for the right eye displayed in the display area 21R for the right eye passes through only the optical member for the right eye. , It is deflected by the prism PR for the right eye and guided to the right eye ER. Therefore, the binocular vision function optometry target can be presented by a simple configuration, and the subject can perform the binocular vision function optometry at the same eye position as the natural visual state.

Further, in the second embodiment, the optical characteristic is the wavelength, and the left eye and right eye display regions 21L and 21R have different wavelengths of the left eye and right eye target OLs. The OR is displayed, and each optical member for the left eye and the right eye is composed of a filter that transmits only light having a wavelength from each optotype for the left eye and the right eye. With this configuration, it is possible to provide the optotype display device 2 and the optometry device 100 having a smaller number of members and a simpler configuration.

Further, in the first, third, and fourth embodiments, the optical characteristic is the polarization characteristic, and the displays 20, 20A, and 20B are arranged corresponding to the display regions 21L, 21R for the left eye and the right eye, respectively. Further provided are target-side polarizing films fL and fR as a pair of target-side polarizing members for the left eye and the right eye that obtain polarized light having different polarization characteristics from the light from the display regions 21L and 21R. The light from the display regions 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye is assumed to have different polarization characteristics depending on the target-side polarizing films fL and fR for the left eye and the right eye. Each of the optical members for the left eye and the right eye is polarized on the side of the eye to be inspected as a polarizing member on the side of the eye to be inspected to transmit the polarized light obtained by the target-side polarizing films fL and fR for the left eye and the right eye. It is composed of films FL and FR.

With this configuration, the light from the left-eye and right-eye optotypes OL and OR displayed in the different display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye of the displays 20, 20A and 20B is for the left eye. It is converted into different polarized light by the target-side polarizing films fL and fR for the right eye, and each polarized light passes through the eye-side polarizing films FL and FR for the left eye and the right eye, respectively, and then the left eye. It is deflected by the prisms PL and PR for the left eye and the right eye and guided to the left eye EL and the right eye ER. Therefore, the binocular vision function optometry target can be presented by a simple configuration, and the subject can perform the binocular vision function optometry at the same eye position as the natural visual state.

Further, in the conventional method of presenting different optotypes to the left and right eyes using a display, a polarizing member having different polarization characteristics is arranged for each pixel line, so that the image presented to one eye is every other line and has a resolution. Was reduced to 1/2. On the contrary, when a display having a fine pixel pitch is used to increase the resolution, it is difficult to arrange the polarizing member according to the pixel pitch, so that there is a limit to high resolution.

On the other hand, in each of the above embodiments, the display areas 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye are provided so as to divide the display surface 20a into upper and lower or left and right. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange a polarizing member for each pixel line, and the target side having different polarization characteristics corresponds to the display areas 21L and 21R for the left and right eyes as in the first, third, and fourth embodiments. The polarizing films fL and fR may be arranged. Then, the polarized light polarized by these can be transmitted to the left and right eyes by being transmitted by the polarizing films on the side to be inspected FL and FR arranged corresponding to the left and right eyes, respectively. Further, when the optotypes OL and OR for the left eye and the optotypes for the right eye are separated according to the wavelength as in the second embodiment, it is not necessary to arrange the optotype-side polarizing films fL and fR. Therefore, these can be applied to the high-resolution displays 20, 20A, and 20B, and as a result, the optotype display devices 2, 2A, and 2B can be made high-resolution.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the prisms PL and PR for the left eye and the right eye are for the left eye and the right eye so that the eye positions of the left eye EL and the right eye ER are in a natural visual state. It is configured to deflect the light transmitted through each optical member (polarizing film FL, FR or filter on the eye side to be inspected). As a result, the subject S can perform an examination without a sense of discomfort, and can inspect the visual function of the eye E to be inspected with higher accuracy.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the optical member for the left eye and the optical member for the right eye (target-side polarizing film fL, fL or filter) is an optical path of light from the display regions 21L and 21R for the left eye and the right eye. It is freely arranged inside and retracted outside the optical path. Therefore, the optotype display devices 2, 2A, 2B and the optometry devices 100, 100A, which are suitably used for various examinations other than the examinations in which the binocular vision function eye examination is performed by utilizing the difference in optical characteristics (polarization characteristics or wavelength). , 100B can be provided.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, if the deflection angles and deflection amounts of the prisms PL and PR for the left eye and the right eye are changed according to the states of the left eye EL and the right eye ER, the left eye More accurate inspection corresponding to the state of EL and right eye ER becomes possible.

Further, in the first and second embodiments, the optometry units 10L and 10R for the left eye and the right eye having a plurality of optical members 12L and 12R for correcting the visual functions of the left eye EL and the right eye ER are provided. I have. The optometry units 10L and 10R for the left eye and the right eye have one or a plurality of optometry light deflection members as optical members, and the prism PL for the left eye and the right eye of the optotype display device 2 If the optometry optical deflection members of the optometry units 10L and 10R are used as the PR, it is not necessary to separately provide the prism PL and PR for the optometry display device 2, and the optometry display device 2 and the optometry device 100 are used. It can be simpler.

Further, as in each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration may include a control unit 30, an optical member (polarizing film FL, FR or filter on the side to be inspected), and drive mechanisms 13L and 13L of the prisms PL and PR. Further, when the target-side polarizing films fL and fR are provided, the structure may be provided with a driving mechanism thereof. With this configuration, at the time of binocular vision function optometry, the control unit 30 displays the optotypes OL and OR for the left and right eyes in the display areas 21L and 21R for the left and right eyes, and drives the drive mechanisms 13L and 13R. , The optical member (polarizing film FL, FR or filter on the eye side to be inspected) and the prisms PL and PR are controlled to be arranged so as to correspond to the left and right eyes. Further, the drive mechanism is driven to correspond to the display areas 21L and 21R, and the target-side polarizing films fL and fR are arranged. This makes it possible to automatically, quickly and highly accurately adjust the optical member for setting the eye position in the natural visual state at the time of binocular vision function optometry.

Although the ophthalmic apparatus of the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the gist of the invention according to each claim is within the scope of the claims. Design changes and additions are permitted as long as they do not deviate from.

For example, in each of the above embodiments, linear polarization in which the polarization axes intersect with the left and right eyes is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. Each polarizing film FL, FR, fL, fR can also be configured by circular polarization in which the rotation direction differs between the left and right eyes. By using circular polarization, even when the optometry units 10L and 10R are tilted, the polarized state is maintained, so that crosstalk is less likely to occur and more stable inspection can be performed.

Further, in each of the above-mentioned mobile phones, the displays 20, 20A, and 20B composed of electronic display devices such as LCD and organic EL are used as the optotype display unit of the optotype display device 2, but the present invention is limited to this. It's not a thing. For example, an optotype display unit in which various optotypes are printed on paper, resin, or the like can be used, and various types of optotype display devices and optometry devices can be provided according to the needs of consumers and the like. ..

2,2A, 2B optotype display device 20,20A, 20B display (optimal display unit)
20a Display surface 21L, 21R Display area 100, 100A, 100B Optometry device f, fL, fR Target-side polarizing film (target-side polarizing member)
F, FL, FR Polarizing film on the eye to be inspected (optical member, polarizing member on the eye to be inspected)
P, PL, PR prism (light deflection member)
O, OL, OR optotype EL left eye ER right eye

Claims (9)

One display surface is provided with an optotype display unit having two display areas, one for the left eye and the other for the right eye, on which optotypes for the left eye and the right eye are displayed.
The light from each display area for the left eye and the right eye has different optical characteristics from each other.
A pair of optical members for the left eye and the right eye that are arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye and transmit only light having optical characteristics from the left eye and right eye display regions, respectively.
For the left eye and the right eye, which are arranged corresponding to the left eye and the right eye and deflect the light transmitted through the optical members for the left eye and the right eye to guide the left eye and the right eye. With a pair of optical deflection members,
At the time of binocular vision function optometry in which the optotype is displayed in the display area for the left eye and the right eye of the optotype display unit, the left eye and the right eye correspond to the left eye and the right eye. An optotype display device characterized in that the light deflection member for the eye is arranged. The optical characteristics are wavelengths, and the left eye and right eye display areas have different wavelengths for the left and right eye targets, and the left eye and right eye targets are displayed. The optotype display device according to claim 1, wherein the optical member is composed of a filter that transmits only light having a wavelength from each optotype for the left eye and the right eye. The optical characteristic is a polarization characteristic, and the left eye is arranged corresponding to the display areas for the left eye and the right eye of the optotype display unit and obtains polarized light having different polarization characteristics from the light from each display area. A pair of optotype-side polarizing members for the left eye and the right eye are further provided, and the light from each display area for the left eye and the right eye is mutually provided by the optotype-side polarizing members for the left eye and the right eye. The optical members for the left eye and the right eye are considered to have different polarization characteristics, and each optical member for the left eye and the right eye transmits the polarized light obtained by the target-side polarizing member for the left eye and the right eye. The optotype display device according to claim 1, wherein the optotype display device is composed of members. The optotype according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the display area for the left eye and the right eye is provided so as to divide the display surface into upper and lower parts or left and right sides. Display device. The light deflection member for the left eye and the right eye is the light that has passed through the optical members for the left eye and the right eye so that the eye positions of the left eye and the right eye are in a natural visual state. The optotype display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the The optical members for the left eye and the right eye are characterized in that the light from the display area for the left eye and the right eye is freely arranged in the optical path and retracted out of the optical path. The optotype display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5. One of claims 1 to 6, wherein the deflection angle and the amount of deflection of the light deflection member for the left eye and the right eye are changed according to the states of the left eye and the right eye. The optotype display device described in. An ophthalmic apparatus comprising the optotype display device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The eye examination optical system for the left eye and the right eye having a plurality of optical members for correcting the visual functions of the left eye and the right eye is provided, and the eye examination optical system for the left eye and the right eye is described as described above. The optical deflection member for eye examination is provided with one or more optical deflection members for eye examination, and the optical deflection member for eye examination of the eye examination optical system is used as the optical deflection member for the left eye and the right eye of the optotype display device. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the device is characterized by the above.

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