JP7066944B2 - Structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a structure.

In order to simplify the attachment structure of the outer wall to the outer pillar, a seismic isolation structure in which the seismic isolation device is installed only on the inner pillar without installing the seismic isolation device on the outer pillar is known (for example, patent documents). See 1).

Further, a structure constructed on (above) a railroad track is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-064653 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-043031

By the way, it takes time and effort to construct the foundation of the structure. Therefore, it is conceivable to reduce the burden seismic force (burden horizontal force) borne by the foundation in the event of an earthquake and reduce the foundation by seismically isolating the structure.

However, if the structure is seismically isolated, the horizontal displacement of the structure at the time of an earthquake becomes large. In this case, for example, a large clearance is required around the structure.

In consideration of the above facts, it is an object of the present invention to reduce the horizontal displacement of the structure at the time of an earthquake and to reduce the labor of foundation construction.

The structure according to the first aspect has a first foundation portion that supports the first pillar, a second foundation portion that is separated from the first foundation portion and supports the second pillar, and the first pillar and the second pillar. It is provided with a superstructure which is arranged on a pillar, is joined to the first pillar, and is supported by the second pillar via a seismic isolation member.

According to the structure according to the first aspect , the first foundation portion supports the first pillar. In addition, the second foundation is separated from the first foundation and supports the second pillar. A superstructure is placed on these first and second columns.

Here, the superstructure is supported by the second column via a seismic isolation member. As a result, during an earthquake, the superstructure is displaced relative to the second foundation in the horizontal direction. Therefore, in the event of an earthquake, the seismic force (horizontal force) transmitted from the superstructure to the second foundation via the second column is reduced. As a result, the seismic force borne by the second foundation is smaller than the seismic force borne by the first foundation. Therefore, since the second foundation portion can be reduced, the labor of constructing the second foundation portion is reduced.

On the other hand, the superstructure is joined to the first column. As a result, the horizontal displacement of the superstructure at the time of an earthquake is small as compared with the case where the superstructure is supported by the first pillar and the second pillar via the seismic isolation member. Therefore, the clearance provided around the superstructure can be reduced.

As described above, in the present invention, it is possible to reduce the labor of foundation construction while reducing the horizontal displacement of the structure at the time of an earthquake.

The structure according to the second aspect is the structure according to the first aspect, and the seismic isolation member has a damping material.

According to the structure according to the second aspect , the seismic isolation member has a damping material. As a result, in the event of an earthquake, the seismic force transmitted from the superstructure to the seismic isolation member is damped by the damping material. Therefore, the seismic force burdened by the second foundation is further reduced. Therefore, since the second foundation portion can be further reduced, the labor of constructing the second foundation portion is further reduced.

In the structure according to the third aspect, in the structure according to the second aspect, the natural period of the support frame is larger than the natural period of the structure including the first pillar, the upper structure, and the seismic isolation member. short.

According to the structure according to the third aspect , the horizontal member connects a plurality of second columns. This constitutes a support frame that supports the superstructure. The natural period of this support frame is shorter than the natural period of the structure including the first column, the superstructure, and the seismic isolation member.

As a result, during an earthquake, the support frame and the structure sway at different cycles, so the relative displacement between the structure and the support frame increases. As a result, the amount of deformation of the damping material increases, and the damping force generated by the damping material also increases. As a result, the seismic force burdened by the second foundation is further reduced. Therefore, since the second foundation portion can be further reduced, the labor of constructing the second foundation portion is further reduced.

The structure according to the fourth aspect is the structure according to any one of the first aspect to the third aspect , and the superstructure is arranged on the existing facility.

According to the structure according to the fourth aspect , the superstructure is arranged on the existing facility.

Here, when the superstructure is constructed on the existing facility, for example, the construction time (construction time) of the foundation portion in one day may be limited by the operating time of the existing facility. In such cases, the present invention is particularly effective. That is, the construction period of the foundation can be shortened by reducing the seismic force burdened by the second foundation and reducing the second foundation.

As described above, according to the structure according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the labor of construction of the foundation while reducing the horizontal displacement of the structure at the time of an earthquake.

It is an elevation view which shows the structure which concerns on one Embodiment. It is an elevation view which shows the seismic structure which concerns on the comparative example. It is an elevation view which shows the seismic isolation structure which concerns on a comparative example. (A) is a graph showing an example of acceleration generated in the superstructure at the time of an earthquake for the structure according to the present embodiment, the seismic isolation structure and the seismic isolation structure according to the comparative example, and (B) is a graph showing the present. It is a graph which shows an example of the displacement which occurs in the superstructure at the time of an earthquake about the structure which concerns on embodiment, the seismic structure and the seismic isolation structure which concerns on a comparative example. (A) is a graph showing an example of the shearing force generated in the second pile at the time of an earthquake for the structure according to the present embodiment, the seismic structure and the seismic isolation structure according to the comparative example, and (B) is a graph showing. It is a graph which shows an example of the shearing force coefficient generated in the 1st pile or the 2nd pile at the time of an earthquake about the structure which concerns on this embodiment, the seismic structure and the seismic isolation structure which concerns on a comparative example. It is an elevation view which shows the modification of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment. (A) and (B) are elevation views which show the construction procedure of the modification of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment. It is an elevation view which shows the modification of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment. It is an elevation view which shows the modification of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment.

Hereinafter, the structure according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Structure)
FIG. 1 shows the structure 10 according to the present embodiment. The structure 10 is provided on the foundation 30 provided under or around the existing facility 20, the superstructure 40 arranged on the existing facility 20 and supported by the foundation 30 via the first pillar 42, and the foundation 30. On the other hand, it is provided with a support frame 50 that supports the superstructure 40.

(Existing facility)
The existing facility 20 includes a railway station 22 as an example. The station 22 has a plurality of railroad tracks 26 on which the railroad vehicle 24 travels, and a plurality of platforms 28 on which the railroad vehicle 24 stops. The plurality of tracks 26 are laid on the ground G. Further, the plurality of lines 26 run in parallel and cross the structure 10 in a plan view. In addition, a platform 28 is arranged beside each track 26.

The plurality of platforms 28 are arranged along the track 26. A superstructure 40, which will be described later, is arranged on the track 26 and the platform 28. The track 26 may be a single line, or the platform 28 may be a single line.

(Basic)
The foundation 30 is a pile foundation. The foundation 30 has a plurality of first piles 32 and a plurality of second piles 34. The first pile 32 and the second pile 34 are provided on the ground G beside the track 26 and under the platform 28. Further, the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 are, for example, concrete piles. Further, the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 are not connected to each other via a foundation slab, a foundation beam, or the like, and are provided independently of each other.

The structure, arrangement, and number of the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 can be changed as appropriate. Therefore, the first stake 32 and the second stake 34 may be arranged, for example, not under the platform 28 but on the side of the platform 28. Further, the first pile 32 is an example of the first foundation portion, and the second pile 34 is an example of the second foundation portion.

The plurality of first piles 32 are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the structure 10. A first pillar 42 is erected on each first pile 32. On the other hand, the plurality of second piles 34 are arranged inside the structure 10. A second pillar 52 is erected on each second pile 34. That is, in the structure 10, a one-pillar-one-pile structure is adopted. These first pillars 42 and second pillars 52 support an upper structure 40 arranged above (above) the track 26, and a traveling space in which the railroad vehicle 24 can travel under the upper structure 40. (Space for existing facilities) 44 is formed.

(Superstructure)
The superstructure 40 is a structure above the track (structure above the existing facility) provided above the track 26. The superstructure 40 is composed of a plurality of floors (multiple layers), and has a plurality of columns 46, 47, a beam 48 erected on the columns 46, 47, a slab (not shown) supported by the beam 48, and the like. There is. Further, the superstructure 40 has, for example, a movement path between a plurality of platforms 28.

The outer peripheral portion of the superstructure 40 is supported by a plurality of first piles 32 via a plurality of first pillars 42. The outer peripheral portion (column 46 or beam 48) of the superstructure 40 and the first column 42 are, for example, rigidly joined or pin-joined so that they cannot be displaced relative to each other in the horizontal direction.

(Seismic isolation member)
The inside of the superstructure 40 is connected to the stigmas of the plurality of second columns 52 via the seismic isolation member 60, and is supported by the plurality of second piles 34 via these second columns 52. .. The seismic isolation member 60 connects the inside of the superstructure 40 (pillar 47 or beam 48) and the second pillar 52 so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction, and the superstructure 40 is connected to the second pillar 52. Supports vertical loads. The seismic isolation member 60 reduces the seismic force (horizontal force) F transmitted from the superstructure 40 to the second column 52 at the time of an earthquake.

The seismic isolation member 60 supports the superstructure 40 so as to be horizontally displaceable with respect to the second pillar 52, and for example, a seismic isolation device or a vibration control device is used. Examples of the seismic isolation device include laminated rubber bearings, sliding bearings (including spherical sliding bearings), rolling bearings, and the like. Further, examples of the vibration damping device include damping rubber, a viscoelastic body, a friction material, and the like. Further, as the seismic isolation member 60, for example, a seismic isolation device having a damping material such as a laminated rubber bearing with a plug such as lead or an elastic sliding bearing may be used to support the seismic isolation member so as to be displaceable in the horizontal direction. For example, it is also possible to use a metal member.

(Support frame)
Beams 54 are erected on the capitals of a pair of adjacent second columns 52. As a result, the support frame (Rahmen frame) 50 is composed of the pair of second columns 52 and the beams 54. The support frame 50 supports the superstructure 40 via the seismic isolation member 60. Further, the support frame 50 is structurally cut off from the first pillar 42.

In the present embodiment, the support frame 50 is arranged so as to intersect the line 26, but the support frame 50 may be arranged along the line 26 (arranged substantially parallel to the line 26). The beam 54 is an example of a horizontal member.

Here, when the structure 10 is divided into a support frame 50 and other structures 12, the support frame 50 has higher rigidity (horizontal rigidity) than the structure 12, and its natural period is that of the structure 12. It is shorter than the natural period. The structure 12 includes the first pillar 42, the seismic isolation member 60, and the superstructure 40.

(Action)
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, according to the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the first pile 32 supports the first pillar 42. Further, the second stake 34 is separated from the first stake 32 and supports the second pillar 52. Further, an upper structure 40 is arranged on the first pillar 42 and the second pillar 52, and the upper structure 40 is above (above) the existing facility 20 by these first pillar 42 and the second pillar 52. ) Is supported.

Here, when constructing (constructing) the superstructure 40 on the existing facility 20, for example, depending on the operating hours of the existing facility 20, that is, the business hours of the station 22, the foundation 30 (first pillar 42 and the first pillar 42) of the day The construction time (construction time) of the second pillar 52) may be limited.

As a countermeasure for this, for example, it is conceivable to reduce the burden seismic force (burden horizontal force) borne by the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 in the event of an earthquake by seismically isolating the superstructure 40. In this case, for example, since the pile diameters of the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 can be reduced, the labor of constructing the first pile 32 and the second pile 34 is reduced.

However, if the superstructure 40 is seismically isolated, the horizontal displacement of the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake becomes large, and for example, a large clearance is required around the superstructure 40. Further, for example, a clearance is required for a flow line portion such as a staircase or an elevator extending between the platform 28 and the superstructure 40. Further, since an expand joint corresponding to the horizontal displacement (large deformation) of the superstructure 40 is required, the cost may increase.

As a countermeasure, in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the superstructure 40 is supported by the second pillar 52 via the seismic isolation member 60. As a result, during an earthquake, the superstructure 40 is displaced relative to the second pile 34 in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the seismic force (horizontal force) F transmitted from the superstructure 40 to the second pile 34 via the second pillar 52 is reduced. As a result, the burden seismic force of the second pile 34 becomes smaller than the burden seismic force of the first pile 32. Therefore, for example, since the pile diameter of the second pile 34 can be reduced, the labor of constructing the second pile 34 is reduced.

On the other hand, the superstructure 40 and the first pillar 42 are joined in the horizontal direction so as not to be relatively displaceable. As a result, the horizontal displacement of the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake is small as compared with the case where the superstructure 40 is supported by the first pillar 42 via the seismic isolation member. Therefore, for example, the clearance provided around the superstructure 40 can be reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the labor of constructing the second pile 34 while reducing the horizontal displacement of the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake. Therefore, the foundation 30 for the superstructure 40 arranged above the existing facility 20 can be efficiently constructed.

Further, more specifically, using a comparative example, FIG. 2 shows the seismic structure 100. In the seismic structure 100, the superstructure 40 and all the first columns 42 are joined in the horizontal direction so as not to be relatively displaceable. On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows the seismic isolation structure 110. In the seismic isolation structure 110, the superstructure 40 and all the second pillars 52 are connected via the seismic isolation member 60 so as to be relatively displaceable in the horizontal direction.

Further, in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the seismic structure 100 and the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example are generated in the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake. Examples of acceleration and displacement (horizontal displacement) are shown, respectively.

The graph P40 in FIGS. 4A and 4B is a graph of the superstructure 40 of the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, and the graph P50 is a support for the structure 10 according to the present embodiment. It is a graph of a frame 50. Further, the graph T is a graph of the seismic structure 100 according to the comparative example, and the graph M is a graph of the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example.

Further, in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), the shear force and the shear coefficient generated in the pile of the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the seismic structure 100 and the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example, are shown. An example is shown.

The graph P is a graph of the second pile 34 of the structure 10 according to the present embodiment. Further, the graph T is a graph of the first pile 32 of the seismic structure 100 according to the comparative example. Further, the graph M is a graph of the second pile 34 of the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example.

As shown in FIG. 4A, in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the acceleration (graph P40) generated in the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake is higher than that of the seismic structure 100 (graph T) according to the comparative example. Is also getting smaller. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the displacement (graph P40) generated in the superstructure 40 at the time of an earthquake is the seismic isolation structure 100 (graph T) according to the comparative example. ) And the seismic isolation structure 110 (graph M).

Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B), in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the shear force and the shear force coefficient (graph P) generated in the second pile 34 at the time of an earthquake are determined. It is smaller than the seismic structure 100 (graph T) according to the comparative example.

From the above, in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the seismic structure 100 according to the comparative example is made smaller than the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example while the horizontal displacement of the upper structure 40 is smaller than that of the seismic isolation structure 110 according to the comparative example. It can be seen that the burden seismic force borne by the second pile 34 can be reduced as compared with the first pile 32 of the above.

Further, by using a seismic isolation member having a damping material as the seismic isolation member 60, for example, a laminated rubber bearing with a plug, the seismic force F transmitted from the superstructure 40 to the seismic isolation member 60 is plugged ( It is damped by the deformation of the damping material). As a result, the seismic force burdened by the second pile 34 is further reduced. Therefore, since the second pile 34 can be reduced, the labor of constructing the second pile 34 is further reduced.

Further, the pair of adjacent second columns 52 are connected by a beam 54 as a horizontal member, whereby a support frame 50 for supporting the superstructure 40 is configured. With the relative displacement between the support frame 50 and the superstructure 40, the damping material of the seismic isolation member 60 generates a damping force.

Here, the support frame 50 has a higher rigidity than the structure 12, and its natural period is shorter than the natural period of the structure 12. As a result, during an earthquake, the structure 12 and the support frame 50 sway at different cycles, so that the relative displacement between the structure 12 and the support frame 50 becomes large. As a result, the amount of deformation of the damping material of the seismic isolation member 60 increases, so that the damping force generated by the damping material also increases.

In particular, the installation floor of the first pillar 42, that is, the first floor of the structure 12, is regarded as the traveling space 44 of the railway vehicle 24, and the floor height is higher than the upper floor of the structure 12. Therefore, the first floor of the structure 12 has a lower rigidity (horizontal rigidity) than the upper floor of the structure 12, and the structure 12 has a soft first story structure. That is, the structure 10 has a structure in which the relative displacement between the structure 12 and the support frame 50 at the time of an earthquake tends to be large. Therefore, since the damping force generated by the damping material of the seismic isolation member 60 becomes large, the burden seismic force of the second pile 34 is further reduced.

(Modification example)
Next, a modified example of the above embodiment will be described.

In the above embodiment, the plurality of second pillars 52 are provided independently, but the above embodiment is not limited to this. The plurality of second piles 34 may be separated from the first pile 32, and may be connected via a foundation slab 70, a foundation beam (not shown), or the like, as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In this case, the foundation slab 70 or the like is an example of the second foundation portion. In FIG. 6, the existing facility 20 is not shown. Similarly, in FIGS. 7 to 9 described later, the illustration of the existing facility 20 is omitted.

Further, although not shown, the plurality of first pillars 42 may be connected via a foundation slab, a foundation beam, or the like as the first foundation portion. Further, the first foundation part and the second foundation part are not limited to pile foundations, but may be direct foundations.

Further, in the above embodiment, the second pile 34 is newly installed. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 (A) and 7 (B), the existing support frame 50 supported by the existing second pile 34. The superstructure 40 may be newly installed on the seismic isolation member 60. Further, although not shown, a support frame 50 and an upper structure 40 may be newly installed on the existing second pile 34.

Further, in the above embodiment, the support frame 50 supports the inside of the upper structure 40. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the support frame 50 may support the outer peripheral portion of the upper structure 40. ..

Further, in the above embodiment, the adjacent second pillars 52 are connected via the beam 54 as a horizontal member, but the adjacent second pillars 52 may be connected via a slab as a horizontal member. Further, the adjacent second pillars 52 do not have to be connected by a horizontal member. Further, at least one second pillar 52 may be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the superstructure supported by the first pillar 42 and the second pillar 52 may be an artificial ground 90 extending over a plurality of structures 80.

Further, in the above embodiment, the existing facility 20 includes the station 22, but the above embodiment is not limited to this. The existing facility may be, for example, a road, equipment, a structure, or the like.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment, and one embodiment and various modifications may be used in combination as appropriate. Of course, it can be carried out in various embodiments as long as it does not deviate.

10 Structure 12 Structure 32 First pile 34 Second pile 40 Upper structure 42 First pillar 50 Support frame 52 Second pillar 54 Beam (horizontal member)
60 Seismic isolation member 90 Artificial ground (superstructure)

Claims (4)

The first foundation with the first pile and
The first pillar erected on the first stake and
A second foundation portion having a second pile having a smaller pile diameter than the first pile and separated from the first foundation portion,
The second pillar erected on the second pile and
An upper structure arranged on the first column and the second column, joined to the first column, and supported by the second column via a seismic isolation member.
Structure with. The seismic isolation member has a damping material.
The structure according to claim 1. A horizontal member for connecting a plurality of the second pillars and forming a support frame for supporting the superstructure is provided.
The natural period of the support frame is shorter than the natural period of the structure including the first column, the superstructure, and the seismic isolation member.
The structure according to claim 2. The second pile is placed under or beside the existing facility and
The superstructure is placed on the existing facility and supported by the second column via the seismic isolation member.
The structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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