JP7056770B1 - Decorative film - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decorative film capable of improving designability. A decorative film includes a Fresnel lens layer having a Fresnel lens structure and a reflective layer covering the Fresnel lens structure. [Selection diagram] FIG. 4

Description

The present disclosure relates to decorative films.

Decorating members for decorating interior / exterior products (instrument panels and the like), home appliances, houses and the like of automobiles are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 describes a glass base material having at least a curved surface on one surface, an uneven pattern layer having an uneven pattern on the upper surface formed on one surface of the glass base material, and an upper surface of the uneven pattern layer. A decorative glass panel with a metal vapor deposition layer formed on the surface of the glass is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 6774387

By the way, such a decorative member is required to have excellent designability, particularly excellent designability having a three-dimensional effect. With the decorative member having a three-dimensional effect, it is possible to express a rich design with a sense of quality.

The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above points, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a decorative film capable of improving the design.

The decorative film according to one embodiment is a decorative film having a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface, and has a Fresnel lens layer having a Fresnel lens structure and the Fresnel lens structure. A decorative film with a reflective layer to cover.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the Fresnel lens structure functions as a convex mirror, and the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure may be 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the Fresnel lens structure functions as a concave mirror, and the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure may be −350 mm or more and −0.5 mm or less.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the maximum height of the Fresnel lens structure may be 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the maximum pitch of the Fresnel lens structure may be 0.5 μm or more and 200 μm or less.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the Fresnel lens layer has a base material layer and a decorative layer covering the base material layer, and the decorative layer is a plurality of units functioning as a Fresnel lens. It may have a decorative element.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure in at least a part of the plurality of unit decoration elements is the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure in the other unit decoration elements. It may be different.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the base material layer may have a transmittance adjusting function for adjusting the transmittance of visible light.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the Fresnel lens layer may further have a transmittance adjusting layer located between the base material layer and the decorative layer.

The decorative film according to the embodiment may further include a transmittance adjusting layer forming the first surface.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer may be 2% or more and 50% or less.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the transmittance adjusting layer has a plurality of unit adjusting elements for adjusting the transmittance of visible light, and total light transmission in at least a part of the plurality of the unit adjusting elements. The rate may be different from the total light transmittance in the other unit adjusting elements.

In the decorative film according to one embodiment, the reflective layer may be a transparent thin-film vapor deposition layer.

The decorative film according to one embodiment may be used for an exterior body or an interior body of a moving body.

According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the design of the decorative film can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an application example of a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1) showing an application example of a decorative film according to an embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing the decorative film together with a sensor. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view (IV-IV line cross-sectional view of FIG. 3) showing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing the reflective layer of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a decorative film according to an embodiment. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the decorative film according to the embodiment. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing another modification of the decorative film according to the embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, the scale and the aspect ratios are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual product for the convenience of illustration and comprehension.

As used herein, terms such as "parallel", "vertical", and "identical" and terms that specify the shape and geometric conditions and their degrees are strictly used. Without being bound by the meaning, we will interpret it including the range where similar functions can be expected.

In the present specification, terms such as "film", "sheet" and "board" are not distinguished from each other based solely on the difference in designation. For example, a "decorative film" cannot be distinguished only by a difference in name from a member called a decorative sheet or a decorative plate.

In order to clarify the relationship of directions between drawings, some drawings show common directions by arrows with a common sign. The tip side of the arrow is one side in each direction. Further, an arrow pointing toward the back of the paper in a direction perpendicular to the paper in the drawing is indicated by a symbol provided with a cross in a circle, for example, as shown in FIG. Further, an arrow pointing toward the front along a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing is indicated by a symbol having a dot in a circle, for example, as shown in FIG.

1 to 10 are diagrams illustrating one embodiment. Of these, FIGS. 1 and 2 are views showing an application example of the decorative film. The decorative film 10 displays a design and imparts design to an article or the like to which the decorative film 10 is applied. The decorative film 10 according to the embodiment described below is devised to express a three-dimensional effect and improve the design. More specifically, the decorative film 10 can improve the design by expressing a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the thickness of the decorative film 10.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the decorative film 10 is used for the exterior body 3 of the moving body 1. In the illustrated example, the exterior body 3 is installed on the front panel 2 of the moving body 1. The front panel 2 is formed as a front grill in an engine vehicle. On the other hand, in electric vehicles, heat exchangers such as radiators that should be air-cooled may not be installed. Therefore, the front panel 2 does not have to be formed as a grill having a large number of holes.

Hereinafter, one embodiment will be described with reference to specific application examples shown in the drawings. The mobile body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an automobile. However, the moving body 1 to which the exterior body 3 is applied is not limited to the automobile. The exterior body 3 can also be applied to another mobile body 1 as a movable device. Examples of the moving body 1 other than the automobile include a railroad vehicle, a bogie, a ship, an airplane, a helicopter, a drone, and a robot. Further, the decorative film 10 may be used as an interior body of a moving body. Further, the decorative film 10 can be applied to, for example, building materials such as interior materials, exterior materials, ceiling materials and floor materials, and cases of home appliances and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the exterior body 3 has a decorative film 10 and a functional layer 60 superimposed on the decorative film 10. Of these, the decorative film 10 has a first surface 11 and a second surface 12 facing the first surface 11. The first surface 11 is the surface on the front surface side of the exterior body 3, and the second surface 12 is the surface on the back surface side of the exterior body 3. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 extend in a plane in the second direction D2 orthogonal to the first direction D1 and the first direction D1, respectively. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 face each other in the third direction D3 orthogonal to both the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 may be curved.

The functional layer 60 is overlapped with the decorative film 10 and the third direction D3. The functional layer 60 is a layer provided in anticipation of various functions. Examples of various functions include a hard coat function, an antireflection function, an antiglare function, an antistatic function, and an antifouling function. In the illustrated example, the functional layer 60 forms the surface of the exterior body 3. The functional layer 60 may be a hard coat layer having scratch resistance and the like. The functional layer 60 as a hardcoat layer can be formed by curing a film of the resin composition.

The decorative film 10 is observed through the functional layer 60. Therefore, the functional layer 60 is transparent. In addition, "transparent" used in this specification means when measured in the range of the measurement wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm using a spectrophotometer (“UV-3100PC” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, JIS K 0115 compliant product). It means that the visible light transmittance specified as the average value of the transmittance at each wavelength is 50% or more, and is preferably 80% or more.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 2, the decorative film 10 may be arranged facing the sensor 5 using an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength longer than that of visible light. As an example, the sensor 5 may monitor the situation around the moving body 1. The detection result of the sensor 5 may be transmitted to the control device 4 of the mobile body 1. The control device 4 may issue an alarm or control the movement of the moving body 1 based on the detection result of the sensor 5. For example, the sensor 5 may detect an obstacle or the like in front of the moving body 1. The sensor 5 may be capable of transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves. By receiving the reflected wave reflected by the obstacle or the like, the sensor 5 can detect the presence or absence of the obstacle and the distance to the obstacle. The sensor 5 may be a millimeter wave radar device. The millimeter wave radar device may use millimeter waves having a wavelength of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less as electromagnetic waves.

The sensor 5 faces the second surface 12 of the decorative film 10. The electromagnetic wave used in the sensor 5 passes through the decorative film 10 along the third direction D3. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are an electromagnetic wave emitting surface and an incident surface. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are flat surfaces at least in a region facing the sensor 5 in the third direction D3. By making the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 flat surfaces, the decrease in sensitivity of the sensor 5 due to the diffusion of electromagnetic waves is suppressed.

Decorative film Next, the decorative film 10 will be described in more detail. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the decorative film 10 includes a Fresnel lens layer 20 having a Fresnel lens structure 25 functioning as a Fresnel lens, and a reflective layer 30 covering the Fresnel lens structure 25. Further, the decorative film 10 may further include a transmittance adjusting layer 40 forming the first surface 11. In the illustrated example, the transmittance adjusting layer 40, the Fresnel lens layer 20, and the reflecting layer 30 are laminated and arranged in this order from the first surface 11 side. Here, first, the Fresnel lens layer 20 will be described.

[Fresnel lens layer]
The Fresnel lens layer 20 plays a role of improving the design by expressing a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the thickness of the decorative film 10. In the present embodiment, the Fresnel lens layer 20 has a base material layer 21 and a decorative layer 22 that covers the base material layer 21.

(Base layer)
The base material layer 21 is, for example, a layer for supporting the decorative layer 22 and the like and increasing the strength of the decorative film 10 as a whole. The material constituting the base material layer 21 may be any material that can support the decorative layer 22 and the like, and is preferably a thermoplastic resin, for example. As the material constituting the base material layer 21, for example, acrylic, acrylonitrile (ABS resin), vinyl chloride resin such as polyvinyl chloride, PET, polycarbonate, polypropylene and the like can be used. Since the material constituting the base material layer 21 is a thermoplastic resin, TOM (Three dimension Overlay Method) molding on a three-dimensional curved surface, compressed air molding, and the like become possible.

The thickness of the base material layer 21 is preferably 5 μm or more and 500 μm or less. When the thickness of the base material layer 21 is 5 μm or more, the shapeability can be improved. Further, when the thickness of the base material layer 21 is 5 μm or more, the decorative layer 22 and the like can be easily supported, and the strength of the decorative film 10 as a whole can be effectively increased. Further, when the thickness of the base material layer 21 is 500 μm or less, the moldability at the time of performing TOM molding or the like can be improved, and the manufacturing cost of the decorative film 10 can be reduced.

(Decorative layer)
By functioning as a Fresnel lens, the decorative layer 22 plays a role of expressing a rich three-dimensional effect equal to or greater than the thickness of the decorative layer 22. The above-mentioned Fresnel lens structure 25 is formed on the decorative layer 22. In this embodiment, the Fresnel lens structure 25 is configured to function as a convex mirror. That is, the central portion of the Fresnel lens structure 25 forms a recess recessed from the second surface 12 toward the first surface 11 in the third direction D3. Therefore, when the decorative film 10 is observed from the first surface 11 side of the third direction D3, the unit decorative element 23 functions as a convex mirror.

The Fresnel lens structure 25 has a Fresnel lens surface 26. In the present embodiment, the Fresnel lens surface 26 includes a plurality of lens surfaces 26A formed by dividing a continuous convex lens surface, and a rise surface 26B connecting the plurality of lens surfaces 26A. The rise surface 26B extends in the third direction D3 along the optical axis of the Fresnel lens surface 26. According to the Fresnel lens structure 25, the thickness of the decorative layer 22 along the third direction D3 can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the decorative layer 22 functions as a convex lens. In FIG. 3, as shown by a solid line for one unit decoration element 23 described later, the illustrated Fresnel lens structure 25 is a circular Fresnel lens. The plurality of lens surfaces 26A are arranged concentrically.

The focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 (that is, the focal length of the Fresnel lens) is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or more and 250 mm or less, and further preferably 5 mm or more and 150 mm or less. preferable. When the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less, it is possible to effectively express a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized, and the design can be further improved.

Here, the design to be displayed may differ depending on the use of the decorative film 10. For example, when the decorative film 10 is used as the exterior material of the moving body 1, it is preferable that the rainbow-shaped design is not displayed. In this case, the maximum height H (see FIG. 4) of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is preferably 1.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm or more and 30 μm or less, and 5 μm or more and 20 μm or less. More preferred. When the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 1.5 μm or more, it is possible to suppress the display of the rainbow-shaped design on the Fresnel lens layer 20. Further, when the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 5 μm or more, the visibility of the design displayed by the optical action can be further improved. Further, when the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 50 μm or less, the moldability can be improved. In the present specification, the "maximum height" means the maximum value of the length of the rise surface 26B (distance in the third direction D3).

The maximum pitch P (see FIG. 4) of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is preferably 5 μm or more and 200 μm or less, more preferably 7 μm or more and 100 μm or less, and further preferably 10 μm or more and 50 μm or less. When the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 5 μm or more, it is possible to suppress the display of the rainbow-shaped design on the Fresnel lens layer 20. Further, when the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 10 μm or more, it is possible to more effectively suppress the display of the rainbow-shaped design on the Fresnel lens layer 20. Further, when the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 200 μm or less, the size of the unit decoration element 23 can be reduced. In the present specification, the "maximum pitch" means the maximum value of the distance between the rise planes 26B adjacent to each other (distance in the first direction D1 or distance in the second direction D2).

On the other hand, when displaying a rainbow-shaped design on the decorative film 10, the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is preferably 0.5 μm or more and 20.0 μm or less, and 0.5 μm or more and 10 μm or less. Is more preferable, and more preferably 0.5 μm or more and 5.0 μm or less. When the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 0.5 μm or more, the shapeability of the decorative layer 22 can be improved. Further, when the maximum height H of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 20.0 μm or less, the rainbow-shaped design can be effectively displayed on the Fresnel lens layer 20.

When displaying a rainbow-shaped design on the decorative film 10, the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is preferably 0.5 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less, and 1.0 μm or more and 6.0 μm or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 1.0 μm or more and 4.0 μm or less. When the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 0.5 mm or more, the shapeability of the decorative layer 22 can be improved. Further, when the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is 10.0 μm or less, the rainbow-shaped design can be effectively displayed on the Fresnel lens layer 20.

Further, the decorative layer 22 has a plurality of unit decorative elements 23 that function as Fresnel lenses. The plurality of unit decoration elements 23 have the same shape in a plan view. Further, the plurality of unit decoration elements 23 are regularly arranged. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of unit decoration elements 23 are squarely arranged. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may have different shapes from each other. The plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may be arranged in an irregular arrangement. Further, although not shown, the unit decoration elements 23 may be arranged so as to overlap each other.

From the viewpoint of enabling the visual effect of the unit decoration element 23, it is preferable that each unit decoration element 23 has a size such that the reflected image can be confirmed with the naked eye. Specifically, the shortest length of the unit decorative element 23 may be 3 mm or more, 10 mm or more, or 20 mm or more. Further, in order to enable design expression by various patterns, each unit decoration element 23 should not be too large. Specifically, the longest length of the unit decorative element 23 may be 200 mm or less, or 100 mm or less.

The focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 in at least a part of the plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may be different from the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 in the other unit decoration elements 23. As a result, the observer perceives the position of each unit decoration element 23 in the third direction D3 so as to be different from each other. As a result, the design can be further effectively improved by the three-dimensional effect.

As the material constituting the decorative layer 22, the same material as the material constituting the base material layer 21 may be used, or another material may be used. As the material constituting the decorative layer 22, for example, a thermoplastic resin (for example, acrylic, acrylonitrile (ABS resin), vinyl chloride resin such as polyvinyl chloride), UV curable resin, EB curable resin and the like can be used. Of these, it is preferable to use a stretchable UV curable resin or EB curable resin as the decorative layer 22. As a result, when the decorative layer 22 is attached to the base material layer 21, it is possible to prevent the unevenness of the decorative layer 22 from being crushed, and it is also possible to easily attach the decorative layer 22 to a three-dimensional curved surface. Can be done. The Fresnel lens layer 20 may be transparent so that the reflective surface formed by the interface between the Fresnel lens structure 25 and the reflective layer 30 can be visually recognized from the first surface 11. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of Fresnel lens structures 25 included in each of the plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may be integrally molded without a seam.

[Reflective layer]
Next, the reflective layer 30 will be described. The reflective layer 30 serves to form a reflective interface by covering the Fresnel lens structure 25. The reflective layer 30 can be formed by vapor deposition or coating of a metal material or an inorganic material, and the reflective layer 30 may be a transparent vapor deposition layer. The reflective layer 30 is formed as a thin film-like layer. The thickness of the reflective layer 30 may be thinner than the length of the rise surface 26B. The thickness of the reflective layer 30 may be half or less of the length of the rise surface 26B, 25% or less of the length of the rise surface 26B, or 10% or less of the length of the rise surface 26B. The reflective layer 30 having such a thickness extends along the Fresnel lens surface 26 without filling the unevenness of the Fresnel lens surface 26. Although not shown, the reflective layer 30 may fill the unevenness of the Fresnel lens surface 26.

As the material of the reflective layer 30, it is preferable to use a material for improving the reflectance of the reflective interface formed by the reflective layer 30, and it is more preferable to use a material having radio wave transmittance. In this case, as the material constituting the reflective layer 30, for example, aluminum, zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium oxide (TiO ₂ ), zinc, indium and the like can be used.

Further, as described above, the electromagnetic wave used in the sensor 5 passes through the decorative film 10. When the reflective layer 30 is formed as a layer that continuously spreads over the entire surface of the Fresnel lens surface 26, electromagnetic waves are blocked or attenuated. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, the reflective layer 30 may include a plurality of metal grain portions 31. The metal grain portion 31 has a metallic luster and can reflect visible light. The reflective layer 30 forms an island having a so-called sea island structure. The island-shaped metal grain portions 31 are separated from each other. A gap forming the sea of the sea island structure is provided between the plurality of metal grain portions 31. An electromagnetic wave used in the sensor 5, for example, a millimeter wave, passes through the reflective layer 30 by passing through this gap. Such a metal layer can be formed, for example, as an indium material by vapor deposition such as sputtering or vacuum deposition. The reflective layer 30 may be integrally formed seamlessly across a plurality of unit decorative elements 23.

The thickness of the reflective layer 30 is preferably a thickness capable of improving the reflectance of the reflective interface formed by the reflective layer 30, and may be, for example, 0.005 μm or more and 20 μm or less.

[Transmittance adjustment layer]
Next, the transmittance adjusting layer 40 will be described. The transmittance adjusting layer 40 plays a role of adjusting the transmittance of visible light in the decorative film 10. The total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 is preferably 2% or more and 50% or less, more preferably 4% or more and 40% or less, and further preferably 5% or more and 30% or less. Here, the total light transmittance is the ratio of the total amount of transmitted light that has passed through the transmittance adjusting layer 40 to the total amount of incident light that is incident on the transmittance adjusting layer 40. When the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 is 2% or more and 50% or less, it is possible to effectively express a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized, and the design can be further improved. In this case, the total light transmittance can be measured by a method based on JIS K 7631-1, for example, using a haze meter (HM-150 manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Research Institute). The total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 may be partially changed. In this case, the total light transmittance may be less than 2% in at least a part of the transmittance adjusting layer 40.

The transmittance adjusting layer 40 may be formed, for example, by solid printing a printing ink. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the transmittance adjusting layer 40 may be configured to have a plurality of unit adjusting elements 41 for adjusting the transmittance of visible light. In this case, the plurality of unit adjusting elements 41 have the same shape in a plan view. Further, the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 are regularly arranged. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 are squarely arranged. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 3, each unit adjusting element 41 has the same shape as the above-mentioned unit decoration element 23 in a plan view, and each unit adjusting element 41 is described above. It is arranged so as to overlap the unit decoration element 23. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may have different shapes from each other. The plurality of unit decoration elements 23 may be arranged in an irregular arrangement. Further, each unit adjusting element 41 may have a different shape from the above-mentioned unit decoration element 23 in a plan view. Further, although not shown, the unit decoration elements 23 may be arranged so as to overlap each other.

From the viewpoint of enabling the visual effect of the unit adjustment element 41, it is preferable that each unit adjustment element 41 has a size such that the reflected image can be confirmed with the naked eye. Specifically, the shortest length of the unit adjusting element 41 may be 3 mm or more, 10 mm or more, or 20 mm or more. Further, in order to enable design expression by various patterns, each unit adjustment element 41 should not be too large. Specifically, the longest length of the unit adjusting element 41 may be 200 mm or less, or 100 mm or less.

The total light transmittance of at least a part of the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 may be different from the total light transmittance of the other unit adjustment elements 41. As a result, the observer senses the positions of the unit decoration elements 23 overlapping the unit adjustment elements 41 in the third direction D3 so as to be different from each other. As a result, the design can be further effectively improved by the three-dimensional effect.

Further, the thickness of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 is preferably 0.1 μm or more and 500 μm or less.

On such a decorative film 10, a pattern such as a figure, a design, a picture, a photograph, a character, a mark, a pictogram, a character or a number may be formed as a design. A design expression for displaying the background can also be performed on the decorative film 10. For example, a wood grain or marble pattern, a metallic texture, or a geometric pattern may be provided. The pattern provided on the decorative film 10 may be a print layer formed by printing or a transfer layer formed by transfer.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the decorative film 10 further includes a packed bed 50. The packed bed 50 is a flattening layer that fills the unevenness of the reflective layer 30. The packed bed 50 can be a transparent or opaque resin layer.

The thickness of the decorative film 10 having the above configuration may be 0.02 mm or more and 2 mm or less, 0.03 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less, or 0.05 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

Method for Manufacturing Decorative Film Next, a method for manufacturing the decorative film 10 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 9. 6 to 9 are cross-sectional views showing a method of manufacturing the decorative film 10.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, the Fresnel lens layer 20 is manufactured. The Fresnel lens layer 20 has a base material layer 21 and a decorative layer 22 that covers the base material layer 21. The decorative layer 22 of the Fresnel lens layer 20 can be produced by shaping the composition of the ionizing radiation curable resin into a predetermined shape on the base material layer 21 using a mold. Then, a Fresnel lens structure 25 is formed on the decorative layer 22.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, a reflective layer 30 is formed on the Fresnel lens surface 26 of the Fresnel lens structure 25 by vapor deposition such as sputtering or vacuum deposition. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, a packed bed 50 is formed on the reflective layer 30. The packed bed 50 functions as a flattening layer that fills the unevenness of the reflective layer 30. The packed bed 50 is produced by supplying a composition of an ionizing radiation curable resin onto the reflective layer 30 and curing it on the reflective layer 30.

After that, as shown in FIG. 9, the transmittance adjusting layer 40 is formed on the base material layer 21 of the Fresnel lens layer 20. The transmittance adjusting layer 40 is produced by applying a black ink containing carbon black by gravure printing.

In this way, the decorative film 10 is manufactured.

Next, the operation of the decorative film 10 will be described. The decorative film 10 displays a design and imparts design to an article or the like to which the decorative film 10 is applied. By the way, if the decorative film 10 can express a three-dimensional effect, it is possible to express a rich design with a sense of quality. The three-dimensional effect of the decorative film 10 can be expressed by forming a physical uneven structure. On the other hand, depending on the use of the decorative film 10, the thickness of the decorative film 10 may not be sufficiently increased. Due to such restrictions, it may not be possible to sufficiently improve the design. For example, many decorative members are required to be thin from the viewpoint of weight reduction, such as decorative members used for front grills of vehicles. Further, the thickness of the decorative member scheduled to transmit electromagnetic waves such as millimeter waves is set according to the wavelength of millimeter waves and is restricted. In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the transmittance of electromagnetic waves, it is preferable to reduce the thickness of the decorative film.

On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the decorative film 10 has a Fresnel lens layer 20 having a Fresnel lens structure 25 and a reflective layer 30 covering the Fresnel lens structure 25. I have. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the optical action of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As described above, in the present embodiment, the Fresnel lens structure 25 of the Fresnel lens layer 20 is configured to function as a convex mirror. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, the range A1 reflected on the convex mirror L1 is wider than the mirror reflecting surface arranged at the same position as the convex mirror L1. That is, the range A1 reflected on the convex mirror L1 is the same as the range A1 reflected on the mirror reflecting surface L3 arranged farther away from the observer in the third direction D3. As a result, the observer who observes the reflection on the Fresnel lens layer 20 feels that the Fresnel lens layer 20 functioning as the convex mirror L1 is located deeper than the actual position of the Fresnel lens layer 20. That is, the Fresnel lens layer 20 can display a design having a depth feeling deeper than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. In this way, the Fresnel lens layer 20 can display a design having a sense of depth rather than its thickness. Therefore, it is possible to express a three-dimensional effect equal to or greater than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20 while reducing the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, a rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized and the design can be improved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the Fresnel lens layer 20 has a base material layer 21 and a decorative layer 22 that covers the base material layer 21, and the decorative layer 22 functions as a Fresnel lens. It has the unit decoration element 23 of. As a result, even when the decorative layer 22 has a complicated pattern, it is possible to prevent the plan view shape of each unit decorative element 23 from becoming too large. Along with this, it is possible to suppress a large change in the curvature of the convex mirror forming the unit decoration element 23. As a result, it is possible to prevent the Fresnel lens layer 20 from being distorted and observed. Therefore, the entire area of the Fresnel lens layer 20 can effectively express a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20 in the third direction D3.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 in at least a part of the plurality of unit decoration elements 23 is the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 in the other unit decoration elements 23. It's different. As a result, the observer perceives the position of each unit decoration element 23 in the third direction D3 so as to be different from each other. As a result, the design can be further effectively improved by the three-dimensional effect.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the decorative film 10 further includes a transmittance adjusting layer 40 forming the first surface 11. This makes it possible to more effectively express a three-dimensional effect that is greater than or equal to the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized, and the design can be further improved.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the total light transmittance in at least a part of the plurality of unit adjustment elements 41 is different from the total light transmittance in the other unit adjustment elements 41. As a result, the observer senses the positions of the Fresnel lens layer 20 overlapping the unit adjusting elements 41 in the third direction D3 so as to be different from each other. As a result, the design can be further effectively improved by the three-dimensional effect.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the reflective layer 30 is a transparent thin-film vapor deposition layer. Thereby, the transparency of the decorative film 10 can be improved.

(Modification example)
Next, various modifications of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 16. In FIGS. 11 to 16, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the above-mentioned specific example, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 4, an example is shown in which the Fresnel lens structure 25 is a circular Fresnel lens and a plurality of lens surfaces 26A are arranged concentrically, but this is limited to this example. not. For example, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, the contours of the plurality of lens surfaces 26A may be elliptical. Further, the direction in which the long axis of the ellipse extends (hereinafter, simply referred to as the long axis direction) may be different among the plurality of unit decoration elements 23. For example, the major axis direction in one unit decoration element 23 may be non-parallel or perpendicular to the major axis direction in the other unit decoration element 23. Alternatively, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4, the Fresnel lens structure 25 may be a linear Fresnel lens. Further, the arrangement direction of the linear Fresnel lenses forming the Fresnel lens structure 25 may be different among the plurality of unit decoration elements 23. For example, the arrangement direction of one linear Fresnel lens may be non-parallel or perpendicular to the arrangement direction of another linear Fresnel lens.

Further, in the above-mentioned specific example, an example in which the transmittance adjusting layer 40 is produced by applying a black ink containing carbon black by gravure printing is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the transmittance adjusting layer 40 may be laminated on the base material layer 21 of the Fresnel lens layer 20 via the adhesive layer 70. As the material of the adhesive layer 70, for example, an adhesive ink containing a colorant or the like can be used.

Further, in the above-mentioned specific example, an example in which the Fresnel lens structure 25 is configured to function as a convex mirror is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the Fresnel lens structure 25 may be configured to function as a concave mirror. That is, the central portion of the Fresnel lens structure 25 may form a convex portion protruding from the first surface 11 toward the second surface 12 in the third direction D3. Therefore, when the decorative film 10 is observed from the first surface 11 side of the third direction D3, the unit decorative element 23 functions as a concave mirror. In this case, the lens surface 26A of the Fresnel lens surface 26 may be configured to be formed by dividing a continuous concave lens surface.

In this modification, the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 (that is, the focal length of the Fresnel lens) is preferably −350 mm or more and −0.5 mm or less, and more preferably −250 mm or more and −2 mm or less. It is more preferably −150 mm or more and −5 mm or less. When the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 is −350 mm or more and −0.5 mm or less, it is possible to effectively express a three-dimensional effect equal to or greater than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized, and the design can be further improved.

Further, according to the decorative film 10 shown in FIG. 12 or 13, as shown in FIG. 14, the range A2 reflected on the concave mirror L2 is narrower than the specular reflection surface arranged at the same position as the concave mirror L2. Become. That is, the range A2 reflected on the concave mirror L2 is the same as the range A2 reflected on the mirror reflecting surface L4 arranged closer to the observer in the third direction D3. As a result, the observer who observes the reflection on the unit decoration element 23 feels that the unit decoration element 23 functioning as the concave mirror L2 is located in front of the actual position of the Fresnel lens layer 20. Therefore, even in this case, it is possible to display a design having a sense of depth than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. As a result, the design can be further effectively improved by the three-dimensional effect.

Further, in the above-mentioned specific example, the decorative film 10 further includes the transmittance adjusting layer 40 forming the first surface 11, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the decorative film 10 may not include the transmittance adjusting layer 40 forming the first surface 11. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the Fresnel lens layer 20 may further have a transmittance adjusting layer 24 located between the base material layer 21 and the decorative layer 22. In this case, the transmittance adjusting layer 24 of the Fresnel lens layer 20 may have the same configuration as the above-mentioned transmittance adjusting layer 40. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the decorative film 10 may not include the transmittance adjusting layer 40, and the base material layer 21 may have a transmittance adjusting function for adjusting the transmittance of visible light. In this case, the base material layer 21 may have the same total light transmittance as the above-mentioned transmittance adjusting layer 40. Even in these cases, it is possible to more effectively express a three-dimensional effect equal to or greater than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. Therefore, a rich design expression with a sense of quality can be realized, and the design can be further improved.

Next, specific examples in the above-described embodiment will be described.

(Example 1)
The decorative film 10 shown in FIG. 4 was produced. At this time, the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 of each unit decorative element 23 was 50 mm, respectively. The total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 5%. Further, the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 was 40 μm.

Next, the appearance of the obtained decorative film 10 was evaluated. At this time, the sense of depth of the decorative film 10 was observed. In addition, it was observed whether or not the rainbow-shaped design was displayed on the decorative film 10.

(Example 2)
The decorative film 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 20%. Moreover, the appearance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Example 3)
The decorative film 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 40%. Moreover, the appearance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Example 4)
Same as Example 1 except that the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure 25 of each unit decorative element 23 was 150 mm, and the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 20%. The decorative film 10 was produced. Moreover, the appearance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Example 5)
The decorative layer 22 had a unit decorative element 23 having a focal length of 50 mm and a unit decorative element 23 having a focal length of −50 mm, and the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 20. The decorative film 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio was%. Moreover, the appearance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Example 6)
The decorative film 10 was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer 40 was 20% and the maximum pitch P of the Fresnel lens structure 25 was 4 μm. Made. Moreover, the appearance was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1.

The above results are shown in Table 1.

In addition, in Table 1 above, "◎" attached to the column of "sense of depth" means that the design having a sense of depth far deeper than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20 could be displayed. Further, in Table 1 above, “◯” in the column of “sense of depth” means that a design having a sense of depth deeper than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20 could be displayed.

As a result, as shown in Table 1, in the decorative film 10 according to Examples 1 to 6, it was possible to display a design having a depth feeling deeper than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. In particular, in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 5, it was possible to display a design having a feeling of depth far deeper than the actual thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20. Therefore, in the decorative film 10 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to express a three-dimensional effect equal to or larger than the thickness of the Fresnel lens layer 20, thereby realizing a rich design expression with a high-class feeling and improving the design. It turned out that it could be improved.

Further, as shown in Table 1, the rainbow-shaped design can be prevented from being displayed in the decorative film 10 according to Examples 1 to 5, and the rainbow-shaped design can be prevented from being displayed in the decorative film according to Example 6. Was able to be displayed. Therefore, it has been found that the decorative film 10 according to the present embodiment can display various designs according to the use of the decorative film 10.

It is also possible to appropriately combine a plurality of components disclosed in the above-described embodiment and each modification as necessary. Alternatively, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the above embodiment and each modification.

1 Moving body 10 Decorative film 11 1st surface 12 2nd surface 20 Fresnel lens layer 21 Base material layer 22 Decorative layer 23 Units Decorative element 24 Transmittance adjustment layer 25 Fresnel lens structure 30 Reflection layer 40 Transmittance adjustment layer 41 Unit adjustment element

Claims (11)

A decorative film having a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface.
A Fresnel lens layer having a Fresnel lens structure and
It is provided with a reflective layer that covers the Fresnel lens structure .
The Fresnel lens layer has a base material layer, a decorative layer covering the base material layer, and a transmittance adjusting layer located between the base material layer and the decorative layer.
The decorative layer has a plurality of unit decorative elements that function as Fresnel lenses.
The transmittance adjusting layer has a plurality of unit adjusting elements for adjusting the transmittance of visible light.
The total light transmittance in at least a part of the plurality of unit adjustment elements is different from the total light transmittance in the other unit adjustment elements.
A decorative film in which the plurality of unit adjusting elements are arranged so as to overlap with each other different unit decorative elements . A decorative film having a first surface and a second surface facing the first surface.
A Fresnel lens layer having a Fresnel lens structure and
The reflective layer covering the Fresnel lens structure and
A transmittance adjusting layer forming the first surface is provided.
The Fresnel lens layer has a base material layer and a decorative layer that covers the base material layer.
The decorative layer has a plurality of unit decorative elements that function as Fresnel lenses.
The transmittance adjusting layer has a plurality of unit adjusting elements for adjusting the transmittance of visible light.
The total light transmittance in at least a part of the plurality of unit adjustment elements is different from the total light transmittance in the other unit adjustment elements.
A decorative film in which the plurality of unit adjusting elements are arranged so as to overlap with each other different unit decorative elements. The decorative film according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the Fresnel lens structure functions as a convex mirror, and the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure is 0.5 mm or more and 350 mm or less. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the Fresnel lens structure functions as a concave mirror, and the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure is −350 mm or more and −0.5 mm or less. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the maximum height of the Fresnel lens structure is 0.5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the maximum pitch of the Fresnel lens structure is 0.5 μm or more and 200 μm or less. The focal length of the Fresnel lens structure in at least a part of the plurality of unit decoration elements is different from the focal length of the Fresnel lens structure in the other unit decoration elements, claim 1 to 6 . The decorative film described in any one of the items . The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the base material layer has a transmittance adjusting function for adjusting the transmittance of visible light. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the total light transmittance of the transmittance adjusting layer is 2% or more and 50% or less. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the reflective layer is a transparent vapor-deposited layer. The decorative film according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , which is used for an exterior body or an interior body of a moving body.

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