JP7051268B1 - Steam generator, water treatment system and steam generation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steam generating method and a steam generating device for efficiently evaporating water. A supply plate that receives water, a heating plate that spreads the water on the supply plate and generates water vapor on the surface thereof, and a cleaning unit that cleans the surface of the heating plate are included. Use a steam generator. A water treatment system including the steam generator and a pump that sends water from the tank to the steam generator is used. The process of pumping water with a pump, the process of moving the water from the pump to the supply plate via the connecting portion, and the process of spreading the water horizontally by the supply plate and supplying it to the heating plate. A steam generation method including a step of evaporating the water with the heat of the heating plate to form steam and a step of moving the steam to an exhaust pipe controlled by a cover as the water moves downward of the heating plate is used. .. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention relates to a steam generator, a water treatment system, and a steam generation method. In particular, it relates to methods, devices and systems for evaporating tritiated water.

The treatment of water containing tritium, which is a radioactive element generated in the accident at a nuclear power plant, has become a problem. There are various processing methods (Patent Document 1). Among them, there is a method of evaporating water containing tritium.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-72084

However, the method of evaporating water containing tritium is less efficient and more costly than other methods. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and to provide a steam generator, a water treatment system, and a steam generation method that efficiently evaporate water and reduce the cost.

In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the supply plate that receives water and the supply plate spread the water thinly and evenly, receive the water, can be inclined appropriately, and generate water vapor on the surface. A steam generator including a plate and a cleaning unit for cleaning the surface of the heating plate is used. Further, a water treatment system including the steam generator and a pump for sending the water in the tank to the steam generator is used. The heating plate is covered with a cover and has a closed heating chamber. Further, a process of pumping water with a pump, a process of moving the water from the pump to the supply plate via the connecting portion, and a process of causing the water to flow thinly and evenly in the horizontal direction by the supply plate, and an inclined heating plate. The process includes a step of supplying the water to the water, a step of evaporating the water with the heat of the heating plate to form steam as it goes below the heating plate, and a step of moving the water to the exhaust pipe under the control of a cover. A steam generation method is used.

In the steam generator, the water treatment system, and the steam generation method of the present invention, a large amount of water pumped up is spread thinly and evenly on the surface of the heating plate and flowed down to ensure steaming, so that water can be efficiently distributed. Can be processed.

(A) Front view of the steam generator of the first embodiment, (b) Cross-sectional view of the steam generator of the first embodiment, (c) Cross-sectional view of a modified example of the heating plate of the first embodiment. (A)-(b) Bottom view of the supply plate of the first embodiment (A) Cross-sectional view showing a usage example of the steam generator of the first embodiment, (b) Top view showing a usage example of the steam generator of the first embodiment. Cross-sectional view of a modified example of the steam generator of the first embodiment (A) Cross-sectional view showing a usage example of the steam generator of the second embodiment, (b) Top view showing a usage example of the steam generator of the second embodiment. (A) Cross-sectional view showing another usage example of the steam generator of the second embodiment, (b) Top view showing another usage example of the steam generator of the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
(Embodiment 1)
<Overall configuration> The steam generator 100 of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
The steam generator 100 has a hump 10 and a heating plate 12.
<Heating plate 12> As an example, the heating plate 12 has a large width of 1 to 1.5 m and a vertical width of 2 m. It has a heater 14, and the upper surface of the heating plate 12 is heated. The heating plate 12 evaporates water on its surface. The heating plate 12 further includes a supply plate 11 and a cleaning unit 13.

The supply plate 11 is located on the upper part of the heating plate 12, and the water from the pump 10 is spread over the entire upper side of the heating plate 12 with a thin and uniform thickness (for example, a thickness of 2 to 5 mm), and is poured over the upper side of the heating plate 12 to make water. Flows to the bottom.
<Supply plate 11> The supply plate 11 has a cavity whose width increases toward the bottom but becomes thinner. It receives water at the top and makes it into a hollow, thin sheet of water of uniform thickness. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show a plan view of the opening 21 on the lower surface. In FIG. 2A, there is one rectangular opening. In FIG. 2B, a plurality of circular openings are provided at equal intervals. It may be a polygon, an ellipse, or a combination thereof instead of a circular shape. The water that exits the opening 21 becomes a water sheet having a uniform thickness on the heating plate 12. It is preferable that the supply plate 11 has a heater. If water is warmed and supplied to the heating plate 12, it can be converted into steam faster.

<Cleaning unit 13> The cleaning unit 13 periodically cleans the surface of the heating plate 12. It is made entirely of metal plates.
<Pump> The pump 10 pumps water, equalizes the thickness of the water with the supply plate 11, and flows the water to the surface of the heating plate 12. Even if there is no homp, water should be supplied. For example, when the tank is at the upper part and the steam generator 100 is at the lower part. The pump 10 is a pump that sends water and may be a diaphragm type or a piston type. A control unit (not shown) controls the amount of water to be sent.
<Connecting portion 15> The hump 10 and the heating plate 12 are connected by a connecting portion 15. The connecting portion 15 is a pipe, a cylinder, a hose, or the like that passes water from the pump 10 to the heating plate 12.

<Heating plate 12> The heating plate 12 has an iron plate on the front surface and a heater 14 on the back side. The surface of the heating plate 12 is heated, and the water flowing over it is turned into steam. Since the upper part of the heating plate 12 is heated, it is preferable to increase the density of the heater 14. This is because water is converted to water vapor by the time it moves to the bottom. The heating plate 12 is covered with a cover 19, and the generated water vapor is not released to the outside but is discharged from the exhaust pipe 16 to the outside (outside the building). It should be noted that there is no heater 14, and heating may be performed from the back surface with a heating source. It is preferable that the surface of the heating plate 12 is not uneven. Water easily spreads over the entire surface and is efficient.
FIG. 1C shows a modified example of the heating plate 12. The bottom is bent upwards. In this case, when water flows on the surface of the heating plate 12, the speed is slowed down downward, and it becomes easier to become steam.

<Cleaning unit 13> The cleaning unit 13 cleans the surface of the heating plate 12. The cleaning unit 13 is located at the bottom of the heating plate 12. During cleaning, the surface of the heating plate 12 can be moved upward. As one example, a cylindrical rotating brush has an uneven surface, and while rotating, it moves up and down to remove dirt from the heating plate 12. Alternatively, it is a plate-like body, and its edge is used to scrape off dirt on the surface of the heating plate 12.
<Moving unit 17> There is a moving unit 17 on the lower surface of the steam generator 100. It is a coma or the like, and the steam generator 100 can be moved. Also, you can make fine movements. This is particularly effective when finely adjusting the inclination of the heating plate 12.

<Angle adjusting unit 31> It is preferable that the steam generator 100 further includes an angle adjusting unit 31. The angle adjusting portion 31 is located on the back surface of the heating plate 12, and the heating plate 12 can be tilted. The angle adjusting portion 31 has a refillable rod-like structure, and the heating plate 12 can be tilted and fixed by erecting a rod between the unevenness 37 on the back surface of the heating plate 12 and the lower surface. The heating plate 12 may be tilted by another mechanism. In this example, there are two angle adjusting units 31 on the left and right, and the inclination on the left and right can also be adjusted. With this angle adjusting unit 31, the inclination angle of the heating plate 12 can be adjusted, and the flow speed of water flowing on the tilting plate 12 can be adjusted. It can be completely evaporated.

<Process> 1: Pump 10 pumps water. 2: Water moves from the hump 10 to the supply plate 11 via the connecting portion 15. 3: Water is spread horizontally thinly and evenly to a uniform thickness by the supply plate 11 and flows to the heating plate 12. As the water flows below the heating plate 12, it evaporates due to the heat of the heating plate 12 and becomes steam. The water evaporates by the time it flows to the bottom of the heating plate 12. 4: Steam moves from the heating chamber surrounded by the cover 19 to the exhaust pipe 16. After that, the water vapor is released to the outside. It is preferable that the exhaust pipe 16 and the cover 19 are kept warm or heated so that the temperature of the steam does not drop. The amount of water, the temperature of the heating plate 12, and one or more of the tilts of the heating plate 12 are adjusted so that the water evaporates before reaching the lower end of the heating plate 12. There is a control unit (not shown). Further, the thickness of water may be adjusted depending on the relationship between the water temperature and the heating source. Prioritizing time, at least one is adjusted from the relationship between the amount of water, the temperature of the heating plate 12 (water temperature), and the inclination of the heating plate 12.

<Usage Example> A usage example (water treatment system 101) of the steam generator 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). Water 22 is stored in the tank 30. The steam generator 100 is set in the tank 30. The hump 10 is set on the upper part of the tank 30, and the heating plate 12 is arranged on the side surface of the tank 30. The hump 10 sucks up the water 22 by the suction pipe 23 and supplies it to the heating plate 12 via the connecting portion 15. Same as above. The heating plate 12 is held diagonally, and water 22 flows over the heating plate 12 and is converted into steam. The inclination angle is preferably 30 to 75 degrees with respect to the horizontal direction. However, other than that, it may be inclined. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, one steam generator 100 is provided in one tank 30, but it is preferable to provide a plurality of steam generators 100. For example, in FIGS. 3A and 3B, two steam generators 100 may be provided on two sides of the tank 30, and four steam generators 100 may be provided on four sides.

<Another Example> Another example will be described with reference to FIG. The steam generator 100 further includes a gas discharge pipe 32, a waste liquid pipe 35, and a cooling unit 33. The steam generator 100 of the water treatment system 101 or the steam generator 100 alone may be used. The tip of the exhaust pipe 16 is divided into two, one is a gas discharge pipe 32 and the other is a waste liquid pipe 35. The waste liquid pipe 35 has a cooling unit 33. A part of the water vapor flowing through the exhaust pipe 16 is discharged to the outside from the gas discharge part 32, and the rest becomes water in the cooling part 33 of the waste liquid pipe 35 and is discharged to the outside. The gas discharge unit 32 has a valve 41, and the degree of opening can be adjusted. For example, in the case of tritiated water, tritium is discharged from the gas discharge unit 32, and the water flows to the waste liquid pipe 35. Water is discarded. The tritium gas may be released to the outside or stored in a tank or the like and discarded. Impurity gas in water 22 can be removed. The gas discharge unit 32 can be adjusted by the valve 41. It is preferable to allow impurity gas to pass through and to prevent water vapor from passing through. If the impurity gas is heavier than air, the gas discharge port 32 is provided downward. Further, the water from the waste liquid pipe 35 may be supplied again from the connecting portion 15 to the heating plate 12, and the impurity gas may be further removed.

(Embodiment 2)
5 (a) and 5 (b) explain the water treatment system 102 of the second embodiment. Matters not described are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the water treatment system 102, two heating plates 12 are used to provide a heating source 40 inside. The connection plate 42 was used to connect the two heating plates 12, and the heating source 40 was arranged inside. The supply plate 11, the connecting portion 15, the cover 19, and the like are provided. One pump 10 may be supplied to each, but two pumps 10 may be provided for each.
A heater may be provided on the heating plate 12, but the heater may be eliminated and the two heating plates 12 may be heated by the heating source 40. As the heating source 40, various heating mechanisms such as gas and infrared rays can be adopted. It can be heated efficiently by the heating source 40.

<Modification example>
6 (a) and 6 (b) show the water treatment system 103 which is a modification of the examples of FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). The matters not explained are the same as above. Explain the differences. In the water treatment system 102, there is no connection plate 42, and there is one donut-shaped supply plate 11 and one conical side-shaped heating plate 12. There is a heating source 40 inside. With one supply plate 11, it is spread over the whole of one heating plate 12 to make steam.
(as a whole)
If the steam generator 100 is arranged below the tank 30, the homp 10 is unnecessary. For example, if a faucet is provided at the bottom of the tank 30 and the faucet and the connecting portion 15 are connected, the pump 10 is unnecessary. You can adjust the amount of water with the faucet.
The steam generator 100 of the water treatment system 101 can be used by itself as the steam generator 100. The embodiments can be combined.

The steam generator and method of the present application can be used in the treatment of contaminated water of a nuclear power plant. It can also be used to remove contaminated water other than nuclear power plants.

10 pump, 11 supply plate, 12 heating plate, 13 cleaning part, 14 heater, 15 connecting part, 16 exhaust pipe, 17 moving part, 19 cover, 21 opening, 21a 1st opening, 21b 2nd opening, 22 water, 23 Suction pipe, 29 storage part, 30 tank, 31 angle adjustment part, 32 gas discharge part, 33 cooling part, 35 waste liquid pipe, 40 heat source, 41 valve, 42 connection plate, 100 steam generator, 101, 102, 103 water treatment system

Claims (10)

A supply plate that receives water and
A heating plate that spreads the water on the supply plate, receives the water, and generates steam on the surface.
A steam generator including a cleaning unit for cleaning the surface of the heating plate.
The supply plate has an opening at the bottom, and is formed so as to evenly spread and provide the water to the heating plate from the opening.
The supply plate allows the water to flow through the internal cavity.
The cavity is a steam generator that becomes thinner and wider as it goes downward. The steam generator according to claim 1, wherein the cavity is triangular when viewed from the front. The steam generator according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the supply plate has a heater. The steam generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the heating plate is covered with a cover and the steam is sent to an exhaust pipe. The steam generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein an angle adjusting portion for tilting the heating plate is provided on the back surface of the heating plate. The cover has an exhaust pipe
The steam generator according to claim 4 , wherein the exhaust pipe is divided into a gas discharge pipe and a waste liquid pipe, and the waste liquid pipe has a cooling unit. The water vapor generator according to claim 6 , wherein the gas discharge pipe is a pipe that discharges a gas other than the water vapor, and the waste liquid pipe is a pipe that disposes of the water vapor as water. A plurality of steam generators according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and the like.
A water treatment system comprising one pump that sends water from a tank to two of the steam generators. A plurality of steam generators according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a plurality of steam generators.
One pump that sends the water in the tank to two of the steam generators,
One heating source between the two heating plates in the steam generator,
Water treatment system including. The process of pumping water and
The process of moving the water from the pump to the supply plate via the connecting portion, and
The step of spreading the water horizontally by the supply plate and supplying it to the heating plate,
As the water moves downward of the heating plate, it evaporates with the heat of the heating plate to form steam.
The steam is a steam generation method including a step of moving the steam to an exhaust pipe controlled by a cover.
The supply plate has an opening at the bottom, and the opening is formed so as to spread the water evenly on the heating plate.
The supply plate allows the water to flow through the internal cavity.
A method of generating water vapor in which the thickness of the cavity becomes thinner and the width becomes wider as the cavity moves downward.

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