JP7045790B2 - シンチレータ、その製造方法及びそれを含有する物品 - Google Patents
シンチレータ、その製造方法及びそれを含有する物品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7045790B2 JP7045790B2 JP2016227828A JP2016227828A JP7045790B2 JP 7045790 B2 JP7045790 B2 JP 7045790B2 JP 2016227828 A JP2016227828 A JP 2016227828A JP 2016227828 A JP2016227828 A JP 2016227828A JP 7045790 B2 JP7045790 B2 JP 7045790B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 135
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002600 positron emission tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- -1 ittrium Chemical compound 0.000 description 8
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- BFHKYHMIVDBCPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5,7-tetrahydro-[1,3]oxazolo[3,4-c][1,3]oxazol-7a-ylmethanol Chemical compound C1OCN2COCC21CO BFHKYHMIVDBCPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- VJLSFXQJAXVOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(3+);propan-2-olate Chemical compound [Gd+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] VJLSFXQJAXVOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thallium Chemical compound [Tl] BKVIYDNLLOSFOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USLHPQORLCHMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxygallane Chemical compound CCO[Ga](OCC)OCC USLHPQORLCHMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7774—Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7701—Chalogenides
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7706—Aluminates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7767—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/7769—Oxides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/2002—Optical details, e.g. reflecting or diffusing layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/2008—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors using a combination of different types of scintillation detectors, e.g. phoswich
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
- G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4298—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with non-coherent light sources and/or radiation detectors, e.g. lamps, incandescent bulbs, scintillation chambers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/037—Emission tomography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
- G21K2004/02—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens characterised by the external panel structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
- G21K2004/06—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens with a phosphor layer
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Conversion Of X-Rays Into Visible Images (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Description
M1 aM2 bM3 cM4 dO12 (1)
上記式において、Oは、酸素を表わし、M1、M2、M3及びM4は、互いに異なる第一、第二、第三及び第四の金属を表わす。a、b、c及びdの合計は、約8であり、aは、約2~約3.5の値を有し、bは、0~約5の値を有し、cは、0~約5の値を有し、dは、0~約1の値を有する。ここで、「約」とは、所望の数値より±10%の逸脱と定義される。bとc、bとd、又はcとdとは、同時に共に0であることはできない。M1は、ガドリニウム、イットリウム、ルテチウム、スカンジウムを始めとする(但し、これらに限られない)希土類元素又はこれらの組合せであり、M2は、アルミニウム又はホウ素であり、M3は、ガリウムであり、M4は、共ドーパントであって、タリウム、銅、銀、鉛、ビスマス、インジウム、スズ、アンチモン、タンタル、タングステン、ストロンチウム、バリウム、ホウ素、マグネシウム、カルシウム、セリウム、イットリウム、スカンジウム、ランタン、ルテチウム、プラセオジム、テルビウム、イッテルビウム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、ホルミウム、ジスプロシウム、エルビウム、ツリウム又はネオジムのうちの1つを含有してなる。ここで、同一の構造式を有する2つの組成物は、互いに隣り合わず、単一のブロックは、異なる組成物の間に光学的界面を有していない。
M1 aM2 bM3 cM4 dO12 (1)
(上記式において、Oは、酸素を表わし、M1、M2、M3及びM4は、互いに異なる第一、第二、第三及び第四の金属を表わす。a、b、c及びdの合計は、約8であり、aは、約2~約3.5の値を有し、bは、0~約5の値を有し、cは、0~約5の値を有し、dは、0~約1の値を有する。bとc、bとd、又はcとdとは、同時に0であることはできない。M1は、ガドリニウム、イットリウム、ルテチウム、スカンジウムを始めとする(但し、これらに限られない)希土類元素又はこれらの任意の組合せであり、M2は、アルミニウム又はホウ素であり、M3は、ガリウムであり、M4は、共ドーパントであって、タリウム、銅、銀、鉛、ビスマス、インジウム、スズ、アンチモン、タンタル、タングステン、ストロンチウム、バリウム、ホウ素、マグネシウム、カルシウム、セリウム、イットリウム、スカンジウム、ランタン、ルテチウム、プラセオジム、テルビウム、イッテルビウム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、ホルミウム、ジスプロシウム、エルビウム、ツリウム又はネオジムのうちの1つを含有してなる。ここで、同一の構造式を有する2つの組成物は、互いに隣り合わず、単一のブロックは、異なる組成物の間に光学的界面を有していない。);
これら複数の組成物を圧縮して互いの中に押し込み;そして、
これら組成物をアニールして、異なる組成物間に光学的界面を有しない単一ブロックとする;
ことを含有してなる方法が提供される。
M1 aM2 bM3 cM4 dO12 (1)
(上記式において、Oは、酸素を表わし、M1、M2、M3及びM4は、互いに異なる第一、第二、第三及び第四の金属を表わす。a、b、c及びdの合計は、約8であり、ここで、「約」とは、所望の数値より±10%の逸脱と定義される。aは、約2~約3.5、好ましくは約2.4~約3.2、より好ましくは約3.0の値を有し、bは、0~約5、好ましくは約2~約3、より好ましくは約2.1~約2.5の値を有し、ここで、bとc、bとd、又はcとdとは、同時に0であることはできず、cは、0~約5、好ましくは約1~約4、より好ましくは約2~約3、更に好ましくは約2.1~約2.5の値を有し、dは、0~約1、好ましくは約0.001~約0.5、より好ましくは約0.003~約0.3の値を有する。用語「約」は、所定の値から±10%の逸脱を表わす。
102 :第一の粉末化組成物
102A:中間組成の領域
103 :粉末化組成物
104 :第二の粉末化組成物
104A:中間組成の領域
105 :粉末化組成物
106 :粉末化組成物
Claims (10)
- 第一のガーネット組成物及び第二のガーネット組成物を単一ブロック中に相隣接して含有してなるシンチレータであって、
(i)前記第一のガーネット組成物がGd 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 であり、前記第二のガーネット組成物がGd 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 であるか、又は
(ii)前記第一のガーネット組成物がGd 2.5 Y 0.5 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 であり、前記第二のガーネット組成物がGd 2.5 Y 0.5 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 であり、
前記第一のガーネット組成物と前記第二のガーネット組成物との間の界面において、前記第一のガーネット組成物と前記第二のガーネット組成物とは相互に拡散し、融合しており、
前記単一のブロックは、前記第一のガーネット組成物と前記第二のガーネット組成物との間に光学的界面を有していない
シンチレータ。 - 前記第一のガーネット組成物及び前記第二のガーネット組成物が、ブロック製造のための圧力の付与の前に、粉末形状又はゲル形状である請求項1に記載のシンチレータ。
- 前記第一のガーネット組成物及び前記第二のガーネット組成物が2以上の異なる方向に配列されている請求項1又は2に記載のシンチレータ。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のシンチレータを有する物品。
- 陽電子放出断層撮影(PET)又はコンピュータ断層撮影(CT)又は単一光子放出コンピュータ断層撮影(SPECT)の機械である請求項4に記載の物品。
- 第一のガーネット組成物及び第二のガーネット組成物を互いに隣り合わせて配置し、
前記第一のガーネット組成物及び前記第二のガーネット組成物を圧縮して互いの中に押し込み、そして、
前記第一のガーネット組成物及び前記第二のガーネット組成物をアニールして、前記第一のガーネット組成物と前記第二のガーネット組成物との間の界面において、各ガーネット組成物を相互に拡散させ、融合させ、前記第一のガーネット組成物と前記第二のガーネット組成物との間に光学的界面を有しない単一ブロックとする、
ことを含有してなるシンチレータの製造方法であって、
(i)前記第一のガーネット組成物がGd 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 であり、前記第二のガーネット組成物がGd 3 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 であるか、又は
(ii)前記第一のガーネット組成物がGd 2.5 Y 0.5 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 であり、前記第二のガーネット組成物がGd 2.5 Y 0.5 Al 3 Ga 2 O 12 である
シンチレータの製造方法。 - 前記互いに隣り合う前記第一のガーネット組成物及び前記第二のガーネット組成物が、圧縮して互いの中に押し込まれる前に、粉末形状、ゲル形状、又は粉末及びゲルの形状である請求項6に記載のシンチレータの製造方法。
- 圧縮及びアニーリングが同時に実施される請求項6に記載のシンチレータの製造方法。
- アニーリングが500℃~1,750℃の温度で実行される請求項6に記載のシンチレータの製造方法。
- 圧縮が1MPa~500MPaの圧力で実行される請求項6に記載のシンチレータの製造方法。
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