JP7040997B2 - Main shaft attachment direction adjustment device and machine tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a spindle attachment direction adjusting device and a machine tool.

Conventionally, machine tools such as machining centers have been widely used in the cutting field.
In machine tools, the spindle on which the cutting tool (tool) is mounted is rotated at high speed, and the blade position of the tool is accurately controlled by the X, Y, Z 3-axis drive system, realizing high-precision machining of the workpiece. ing.
When mounting a tool on the spindle of a machine tool, a tool holder with a shank according to the standard of the spindle is used, and various attachments are used for the purpose of changing the machining direction according to the machining. To.

In a normal machine tool, the spindle is supported by the spindle head and faces in a certain direction. Therefore, the orientation of the tool mounted on the spindle is also constant. However, in recent years, various machining requirements may require that the tool be oriented in an intersecting direction, for example, at a right angle to the rotation axis of the main axis.
An angle head tool (angle head attachment) has been used to meet such demands (see Patent Document 1).

Angle head tools have a tapered shank at one end of a cylindrical or box-shaped casing that can be connected to the spindle. At the other end of the casing, a tool that can rotate along the axis of rotation of the taper shank and the axis in the crossing direction is installed, and inside the casing, a transmission mechanism that transmits the rotation of the taper shank to the tool is installed. Further, the casing is provided with an engaging mechanism that engages with the spindle head when the taper shank is mounted on the spindle to prevent rotation.
In such an angle head tool, by mounting the taper shank on the spindle, the casing and the spindle head are integrated by the engagement mechanism, and the spindle rotates in this state to rotate the taper shank, transmission mechanism and tool. However, cutting (angle head machining) can be performed with a tool in the direction intersecting the spindle.

By the way, the orientation of the tool in the angle head tool (the orientation of the rotation axis of the tool about the spindle axis) is defined by the engagement mechanism for preventing the casing from rotating with the spindle head. For example, if the spindle and the tool form a right angle, the axis of the tool can be set in any direction in the plane orthogonal to the spindle depending on the angular position around the spindle axis of the casing.
However, in the conventional angle head tool, the engagement between the casing and the spindle head is basically limited to a predetermined angle position by the above-mentioned engaging mechanism for preventing rotation. The angle may be adjusted manually with respect to the basic angle position, but this was a fine adjustment of 20 degrees or less.
On the other hand, there has been proposed an index positioning device which is installed in a machine tool and can be automatically engaged by selecting a plurality of angular positions (see Patent Document 2).
Further, there has been proposed an angle head tool provided with a swivel mechanism so that the direction of the tool can be changed by rotating the spindle (see Patent Document 3).

The indexing positioning device of Patent Document 2 has an engaging mechanism for detenting the casing and the spindle head at a plurality of positions on the outer periphery of the taper shank. The structure is such that the casing and the taper shank are engaged when the engagement mechanism is disengaged. By rotating the spindle at a slow speed with the engagement mechanism disengaged, the casing is rotated around the spindle axis of the casing and tapered. By engaging with any of the engaging mechanisms on the outer circumference of the shank, the orientation of the tool can be selected from multiple angular positions.

While the indexing positioning device of Patent Document 2 adjusts the mounting angle of the angle head with respect to the spindle head by using the rotation of the spindle, the angle head tool of Patent Document 3 has the mounting angle of the angle head tool itself with respect to the spindle head. Is fixed, and a portion that rotates with respect to this constant angle portion is provided in the angle head tool, and the posture of the tool can be adjusted by rotating this rotating portion on the spindle. As a result, as in Patent Document 2, the engaging mechanism for preventing rotation on the machine tool side is simplified, piping to a plurality of engaging mechanisms is eliminated, and overhanging around the spindle head is eliminated.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-130423 Tokuhei 3-4339 Gazette Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-245616

In the configuration of Patent Document 2 described above, an indexing positioning device is added to the machine tool, the direction of the angle head is changed by using the rotation of the spindle, and a plurality of detents installed on the outer periphery of the spindle head are engaged. One of the coupling mechanisms was selected and positioned.
Since the orientation was adjusted by selecting such an engagement mechanism, the orientation could not be set except for the angular position where the engagement mechanism was installed (for example, every 90 degrees), and it could not be set to any orientation. rice field.
On the other hand, in the configuration of Patent Document 3 described above, although an additional mechanism or the like is not required on the machine tool side, it is necessary to incorporate a turning mechanism for each attachment such as an angle head tool, and the existing attachment cannot be utilized. Incorporating a swivel mechanism has the problem of increasing the cost of individual attachments.
Therefore, there has been a demand for a spindle attachment direction adjusting device in which a normal attachment can be used as it is and the orientation of the attachment is not limited to the engaging mechanism for preventing rotation.

An object of the present invention is to provide a spindle attachment direction adjusting device and a machine tool that can use a normal attachment as it is and can change the attachment to an arbitrary direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle.

The spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention is installed in a machine tool having a spindle head that rotatably supports the spindle and a locking block for preventing rotation installed on the spindle head, and a shank portion is attached to the spindle. A spindle attachment direction adjusting device that adjusts the orientation around the spindle of an attachment that is connected and the locking pin is engaged with the locking block, and supports the locking block and is supported by the spindle head. The block holder that can rotate around the spindle, the holder fixing mechanism that can fix the block holder to the spindle head at an arbitrary position around the spindle, and the block holder are connected so as to rotate integrally with the spindle. It is characterized by having a possible coupling mechanism.

In such an invention, the shank portion of the attachment with the desired tool is connected to the spindle and the locking pin is engaged with the locking block. By fixing the block holder to the spindle head by the holder fixing mechanism, the attachment is prevented from rotating by engaging the locking block and the locking pin. In this state, the rotation of the spindle is transmitted from the shank portion of the attachment to the tool, and the work can be machined.
Here, when it is desired to change the orientation of the attachment around the spindle, the block holder is released from the fixing by the holder fixing mechanism, the attachment is released from the rotation stop by the engagement of the locking pin and the locking block, and the connecting mechanism is used. Make the spindle rotate integrally (synchronously) with the block holder. In this state, the rotation of the spindle is transmitted to the block holder and the locking block, and the attachment rotates integrally with the spindle. When the attachment reaches the desired direction by rotation, the rotation by the spindle is stopped, and the block holder is fixed at that position by the holder fixing mechanism. As a result, the attachment can be changed in any direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle.
After that, the connection between the spindle and the block holder by the coupling mechanism is released, and the rotation drive of the tool by the spindle is restarted, so that the machining with the attachment changed to an arbitrary direction can be performed.

According to the present invention as described above, the locking block for preventing rotation can be arranged in any direction around the spindle by the block holder that can rotate around the spindle. In addition, the coupling mechanism enables the spindle and the shank to rotate integrally (synchronously), and the rotation of the spindle can be used to change the orientation of the attachment. Then, by fixing the block holder at an arbitrary angle position by the holder fixing mechanism, the direction of the attachment can be set to an arbitrary direction.
Therefore, the adjustment of the orientation of the attachment can be arbitrarily set based on the resolution of the indexing function of the spindle, and is not restricted by the anti-rotation engagement mechanism as in Patent Document 2.
Since the attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention is configured exclusively on the spindle head side of the machine tool, no special processing is required on the attachment side, and a normal attachment can be used as it is.
As described above, in the attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention, a normal attachment can be used as it is, and the attachment can be changed to an arbitrary direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle.

In the spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention, it is preferable that the block holder is a ring-shaped member concentric with the spindle, and the holder fixing mechanism is a clamp mechanism for clamping an arbitrary portion of the block holder. ..
In the present invention as described above, the block holder has a ring shape, and the orientation of the attachment can be selected from all directions around the spindle.
Further, since the clamping mechanism clamps an arbitrary part of the block holder, it may be installed at an arbitrary position along the block holder, and the occupied space can be suppressed.

In the spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention, the attachment has a locking mechanism that regulates the rotation of the shank portion when the locking pin is displaced in the axial direction of the spindle, and the connecting mechanism is the block. It is preferable to have an auxiliary locking mechanism that displaces the holder in the axial direction of the spindle, displaces the locking pin in the axial direction of the spindle via the locking block, and locks the shank portion by the locking mechanism. ..

In the present invention, as the locking mechanism of the attachment, the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2 described above can be used. That is, the lock groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shank portion and the lock lever that moves integrally with the locking pin are unevenly fitted, and the shank portion is locked to the locking pin by this uneven fitting and is engaged. When the stop pin is pushed by the locking block in the axial direction of the main shaft, the uneven fitting is released, and the lock between the shank portion and the locking pin is released.
According to the present invention as described above, by operating the lock mechanism by the auxiliary lock mechanism and locking the shank portion, the spindle and the block holder are connected to each other via the shank portion, the lock mechanism, the locking pin and the locking block. , Can be connected so as to rotate integrally.
Therefore, with the attachment attached to the spindle and the holder fixing mechanism released, the lock mechanism is operated by the auxiliary lock mechanism, and by rotating the spindle in this state, the block holder can be rotated integrally with the spindle. The orientation of the attachment can be changed by rotation.

In the spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention, the auxiliary lock mechanism is installed around the spindle to support the block holder so as to be rotatable around the spindle, and the holder base is supported by the spindle head. It is preferable to have a holder displacement mechanism that displaces the spindle in the axial direction.
In the present invention as described above, by displacing the holder base by the holder displacement mechanism, the locking block can be displaced with respect to the locking pin via the block holder, and the locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism of the attachment can be switched. ..
In addition, since the holder base supports the block holder so that it can rotate around the spindle, it does not interfere with the operation of rotating the block holder around the spindle to adjust the orientation of the attachment, and it has a simple structure and the desired function. Can be secured.

The machine tool of the present invention is characterized by having the spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention described above.
In the present invention as described above, the effects as described in the above-described spindle attachment direction adjusting device of the present invention can be obtained.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a spindle attachment direction adjusting device and a machine tool that can use a normal attachment as it is and can change the attachment to an arbitrary direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle.

The cross-sectional view which shows the separated state of the attachment of one Embodiment of this invention. The cross-sectional view which shows the attachment state of the said embodiment. The cross-sectional view which shows the release state of the auxiliary lock mechanism of the said embodiment. The cross-sectional view which shows the locked state of the auxiliary lock mechanism of the said embodiment. The cross-sectional view which shows the direction adjustment state of the attachment of the said Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine tool 1 is a portal machining center or the like, and the spindle 10 is supported downward by the spindle head 11 and can rotate around the rotation axis AS.
A chuck portion 12 is formed at the tip of the main shaft 10, and an angle head 20 as an attachment can be attached to the chuck portion 12.

The angle head 20 has a shank portion 21 that is connected to the spindle 10 and can rotate around the rotation axis AS, and a case portion 22 that rotatably supports the shank portion 21. On the side of the case portion 22 opposite to the shank portion 21, a tool portion 23 extending along the rotation axis AT orthogonal to the rotation axis AS is rotatably supported. The tool portion 23 and the shank portion 21 are connected via a transmission mechanism (not shown) stored in the case portion 22, and when the shank portion 21 is rotated by the main shaft 10, the tool portion 23 is rotated.

The angle head 20 has a locking pin 24 for preventing the case portion 22 from rotating with respect to the spindle head 11.
The locking pin 24 extends from the case portion 22 in parallel with the shank portion 21 (in the direction of the rotation axis AS). The locking pin 24 is supported with respect to the case portion 22 so as to be movable in a predetermined stroke in the direction of the rotation axis AS, but is urged by the coil spring 25 and normally held on the side away from the case portion 22.

A lock lever 26 extending toward the shank portion 21 is connected to the locking pin 24. A lock groove 27 is formed at a predetermined position in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the shank portion 21.
In a state where the locking pin 24 is at the movement limit on the side away from the case portion 22 (see FIG. 1), the tip of the lock lever 26 is engaged with the lock groove 27, and the shank portion 21 rotates with respect to the case portion 22. Be regulated.
In a state where the locking pin 24 is moved closer to the case portion 22 (see FIG. 2), the tip of the lock lever 26 is separated from the lock groove 27, and the shank portion 21 can rotate with respect to the case portion 22. ..
The lock mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 is formed by the lock lever 26 and the lock groove 27.

The spindle head 11 is provided with a locking block 13 that can be engaged with the locking pin 24 to prevent the angle head 20 from rotating.
In order to support the locking block 13, a block holder 31, a holder base 32, and a holder case 33, which are formed in a ring shape concentric with the spindle 10, are concentrically installed around the spindle head 11, respectively. The locking block 13 is connected to the block holder 31 via the support arm 131.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the block holder 31 is rotatably supported by the holder base 32 via the bearing 311. The holder base 32 can be displaced in the direction of the rotation axis AS of the spindle 10 along the outer peripheral surface of the spindle head 11. The holder case 33 is arranged so as to surround the outer circumference of the holder base 32, and is fixed to the spindle head 11.
The inner flange 331 is formed in the holder case 33, the step 111 is formed in the spindle head 11, and the displaceable range of the holder base 32 is from the position where the inner flange 331 abuts to the position where the step 111 abuts. Limited in between.

The block holder 31 is formed with outward blades 312 over the entire circumference, and a clamp capable of sandwiching a plurality of blades 312 (for example, four at 90 degree intervals) on the inner peripheral surface of the holder base 32 at predetermined angular intervals. The mechanism 321 is installed.
The clamp mechanism 321 is driven by, for example, a solenoid or an air cylinder, and can be restrained by sandwiching the blade 312 with a pair of pads.

The holder base 32 is provided with a plurality of holder displacement mechanisms 332 (for example, four at 90 degree intervals) at predetermined angular intervals on the side opposite to the side on which the locking block 13 is supported.
The holder displacement mechanism 332 has a coil spring 333 that urges the holder base 32 to the side where the locking block 13 is supported, and a side that holds the holder base 32 against the coil spring 333 to which the locking block 13 is supported. It has a solenoid 334 that can be driven towards the opposite side.
When the solenoid 334 is not energized (see FIG. 3), the holder base 32 is held by the coil spring 333 at the movement limit (position where it abuts on the inner flange 331) on the side where the locking block 13 is supported.
When the solenoid 334 is energized (see FIG. 4), the holder base 32 is driven against the coil spring 333, and the movement limit (position abutting the step 111) on the side opposite to the side on which the locking block 13 is supported is supported. ) Is held.
By energizing and stopping the solenoid 334 in this way, the holder base 32 can be displaced by the displacement amount D (see FIGS. 3 and 4) from the movement limit on the side where the locking block 13 is supported to the movement limit on the opposite side. be.

The displacement amount D is set to a value larger than the displacement amount of the locking pin 24 required for locking and releasing the locking mechanism 28 in the above-mentioned angle head 20.
Therefore, by displacing the holder base 32 and the locking block 13 by the holder displacement mechanism 332, the locking pin 24 can be displaced and the locking and unlocking of the locking mechanism 28 can be switched.

Returning to FIG. 2, when the solenoid 334 of the holder displacement mechanism 332 is not energized, the holder base 32 is held at the movement limit (position in contact with the inner flange 331) on the side where the locking block 13 is supported. When the angle head 20 is mounted on the spindle 10 in this state, the locking pin 24 is engaged with the locking block 13 and is pushed by the locking block 13 to release the locking mechanism 28.
As a result, in the angle head 20, the shank portion 21 is in a state where it can freely rotate regardless of the case portion 22 and the locking pin 24, and the tool portion 23 can be rotated by receiving the rotation of the spindle 10. Then, as long as the locking block 13 is stopped by the clamp mechanism 321, the tool unit 23 can perform the processing.

In FIG. 5, when the solenoid 334 of the holder displacement mechanism 332 is energized, the holder base 32 is held at the movement limit (position where it abuts on the step 111) on the side opposite to the side where the locking block 13 is supported. In this state, the locking block 13 pushing the locking pin 24 retracts toward the spindle head 11, and the locking mechanism 28 is locked due to the displacement of the locking pin 24.
As a result, in the angle head 20, the shank portion 21 becomes rotatable integrally with the entire angle head 20 including the locking pin 24 and the case portion 22, and the block holder 31 is changed to a desired direction by the rotation of the spindle 10. It will be possible.

Specifically, the detent by the clamp mechanism 321 is released so that the block holder 31 can be swiveled with respect to the holder base 32 or the spindle head 11. Then, the spindle 10 is rotated at a low speed or by a minute angle. The rotation of the spindle 10 is transmitted from the shank portion 21 of the angle head 20 to the locking block 13 and the block holder 31 via the locking mechanism 28 and the locking pin 24, and the block holder 31 is swiveled around the spindle 10. By turning the block holder 31, the orientation of the locking block 13 or the angle head 20 is changed.

When the orientation of the angle head 20 (the orientation of the tool portion 23) is in a desired state, the rotation of the spindle 10 is stopped. Further, the block holder 31 is clamped by the clamp mechanism 321 to restart the detenting of the case portion 22 by the locking block 13 and the locking pin 24.
Then, by stopping the energization of the solenoid 334 of the holder displacement mechanism 332, the holder base 32 is moved by the coil spring 333 to the movement limit (position in contact with the inner flange 331) on the side where the locking block 13 is supported (the position where the inner flange 331 is in contact). The state of FIG. 2).
As a result, the locking pin 24 is pushed by the locking block 13 to unlock the locking mechanism 28, and the shank portion 21 is in a state of being rotatable with respect to the locking pin 24 and the case portion 22 again.
In this state, by rotating the spindle 10, the shank portion 21 or the tool portion 23 is rotated, and the work can be machined by the angle head 20 having a desired orientation.

In this way, the lock mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 is automatically unlocked when the angle head 20 is mounted on the spindle 10, but the holder displacement mechanism 332 moves the holder base 32 in the direction of the rotation axis AS of the spindle 10. By displacing the angle head 20 to, the lock mechanism 28 can be locked while the angle head 20 is mounted on the spindle 10. The holder displacement mechanism 332 and the holder base 32 constitute an auxiliary lock mechanism 34.

Further, by locking the lock mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 mounted on the spindle 10 by the auxiliary lock mechanism 34, the rotation of the spindle 10 is transmitted to the block holder 31 via the angle head 20. The block holder 31 can be swiveled around the spindle 10. An auxiliary lock mechanism 34 that utilizes the lock mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 constitutes a connecting mechanism 35 that connects the block holder 31 so as to rotate integrally with the main shaft 10.
The holder fixing mechanism 36 of the block holder 31 is configured by the blade 312 of the block holder 31 and the clamp mechanism 321 capable of sandwiching the blade 312.
The main shaft attachment direction adjusting device 30 is configured by the block holder 31, the connecting mechanism 35, and the holder fixing mechanism 36.

According to the spindle attachment direction adjusting device 30 of the present embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
In the present embodiment, the shank portion 21 of the angle head 20 (attachment) provided with the desired tool on the tool portion 23 is connected to the main shaft 10, and the locking pin 24 is engaged with the locking block 13. By fixing the block holder 31 to the spindle head 11 by the holder fixing mechanism 36, the angle head 20 is prevented from rotating by engaging the locking block 13 and the locking pin 24. In this state, the rotation of the spindle 10 is transmitted from the shank portion 21 of the angle head 20 to the tool portion 23, and the work can be machined.

In the present embodiment, when it is desired to change the direction of the angle head 20 around the main shaft 10, the block holder 31 is released from the fixing by the holder fixing mechanism 36, and the angle head 20 is engaged with the locking pin 24 and the locking block 13. The detent is released, and the connecting mechanism 35 causes the spindle 10 to rotate integrally (synchronously) with the block holder 31. In this state, the rotation of the spindle 10 is transmitted to the locking block 13 and the block holder 31, and the entire spindle 10 and the angle head 20 rotate integrally. When the angle head 20 reaches a desired direction due to the rotation, the rotation by the spindle 10 is stopped, and the block holder 31 is fixed at that position by the holder fixing mechanism 36. Thereby, the angle head 20 can be changed to an arbitrary direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle 10.
After that, the connection between the main shaft 10 and the block holder 31 by the connecting mechanism 35 is released, and the rotational drive of the tool portion 23 by the main shaft 10 is restarted, so that the processing by the angle head 20 changed to an arbitrary direction can be performed. can.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the locking block 13 for preventing rotation can be arranged in any direction around the spindle 10 by the block holder 31 that can rotate around the spindle 10. Further, the connecting mechanism 35 enables the spindle 10 and the shank portion 21 to rotate integrally (synchronously), and the direction of the angle head 20 can be changed by utilizing the rotation of the spindle 10. Then, by fixing the block holder 31 at an arbitrary angle position by the clamp mechanism 321, the direction of the angle head 20 can be set to an arbitrary direction.
Therefore, the adjustment of the direction of the angle head 20 can be arbitrarily set based on the resolution of the indexing function of the spindle 10, and the engagement for detenting such as a configuration in which a plurality of locking blocks 13 are selected and changed in direction. It is not restricted by the mechanism.
Since the direction adjusting device for the angle head 20 of the present invention is configured exclusively on the spindle head side of the machine tool, no special processing is required on the angle head 20 side, and the normal angle head 20 can be used as it is. ..
As described above, in the spindle attachment direction adjusting device 30 of the present embodiment, the normal angle head 20 can be used as it is, and the angle head 20 can be changed to an arbitrary direction by utilizing the rotation of the spindle.

In the present embodiment, the block holder 31 is a ring-shaped member concentric with the spindle 10, and a clamp mechanism 321 capable of clamping an arbitrary portion of the blade 312 on the outer periphery thereof is provided to form the holder fixing mechanism 36. Therefore, the block holder 31 can be fixed to the spindle head 11 in any direction, and the direction of the angle head 20 can be selected from all directions around the spindle 10.
Further, since the clamp mechanism 321 may be clamped at an arbitrary portion of the block holder 31, it may be installed at an arbitrary position along the block holder 31, and the occupied space around the spindle head 11 can be suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the coupling mechanism 35 utilizes the fact that the angle head 20 has a locking mechanism 28 and the rotation of the shank portion 21 can be restricted when the locking pin 24 is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis AS of the spindle 10. An auxiliary lock mechanism 34 is provided, the block holder 31 is displaced in the direction of the rotation axis AS of the spindle 10, and the locking pin 24 is displaced via the locking block 13, so that the angle head 20 is mounted on the spindle 10. However, the lock mechanism 28 makes it possible to lock the shank portion 21.
Therefore, in the connecting mechanism 35 of the present embodiment, the locking mechanism 28 is operated by the auxiliary lock mechanism 34 to lock the shank portion 21, so that the main shaft 10 and the block holder 31 are separated from the shank portion 21, the locking mechanism 28, and the shank portion 21. It can be connected so as to rotate integrally via the locking pin 24 and the locking block 13.
Therefore, with the angle head 20 mounted on the main shaft 10 and the holder fixing mechanism 36 released, the lock mechanism 28 is operated by the auxiliary lock mechanism 34, and the main shaft 10 is rotated in this state to integrally integrate the block holder 31. It can be rotated, and the direction of the angle head 20 can be changed by rotating the spindle 10.

In the present embodiment, as the auxiliary lock mechanism 34, the holder base 32 which is installed around the spindle 10 and supports the block holder 31 so as to be rotatable around the spindle 10 (rotation axis AS), and the holder base 32 is the spindle head 11 A holder displacement mechanism 332 that displaces the spindle 10 in the direction of the rotation axis AS is provided.
Therefore, by displacing the holder base 32 by the holder displacement mechanism 332, the locking block 13 is displaced with respect to the locking pin 24 via the block holder 31, and the locking mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 is locked and unlocked. You can switch.
Further, since the holder base 32 supports the block holder 31 so as to be able to rotate around the main shaft 10, it does not interfere with the operation of rotating the block holder 31 around the main shaft 10 for adjusting the direction of the angle head 20, which is simple. The desired function can be secured by the structure.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications to the extent that the object of the present invention can be achieved are included in the present invention.
In the above embodiment, the block holder 31, the holder base 32, and the holder case 33 are formed in a ring shape and arranged concentrically. However, they do not all have to be ring-shaped. For example, the arc-shaped block holder 31 may be supported inside the ring-shaped holder base 32 and swiveled over the entire circumference. On the other hand, the ring-shaped block holder 31 may be rotatably supported by the holder bases 32 arranged at predetermined angular intervals.
Further, when the adjustment range of the direction of the angle head 20 does not need to extend to the entire circumference of 360 degrees, the block holder 31 and the holder base 32 may be formed only in that range.

In the above embodiment, the auxiliary lock mechanism 34 is configured to displace the holder base 32 by the holder displacement mechanism 332, but another structure that can displace the locking pin 24 via the locking block 13 may be used. For example, a displacement mechanism that displaces the spindle 10 in the direction of the rotation axis AS may be provided between the block holder 31 and the locking block 13. However, it is necessary to connect the wiring or piping leading to the displacement mechanism to the block holder 31 that swivels around the spindle 10, and consideration must be given to interference with the surroundings. Therefore, it is preferable to use an auxiliary lock mechanism 34 in which the holder displacement mechanism 332 can be fixedly installed on the spindle head 11 as in the above embodiment.

In the above embodiment, as the connecting mechanism 35, the lock mechanism 28 of the angle head 20 is used to connect the shank portion 21, the locking pin 24, the locking block 13, and the block holder 31 from the main shaft 10. However, the connecting mechanism 35 may have another configuration in which the main shaft 10, the locking block 13, and the block holder 31 are integrally rotated.
For example, a lock groove is formed on the end surface of the spindle 10, a lock lever extending from a part of the block holder 31, the locking block 13 or the support arm 131 toward the lock groove is formed, and the holder base is formed by the holder displacement mechanism 332. By displacing 32, the lock lever and the lock groove may be engaged with each other, whereby the spindle 10 and the block holder 31 may be integrally rotatably connected. If the spindle 10 and the block holder 31 or the locking block 13 can be directly connected in this way, it is not necessary to transmit the rotation of the spindle 10 via the angle head 20, and the angle head 20 is mounted on the spindle 10. The orientation of the locking block 13 can be adjusted even when the locking block 13 is not set. However, when using the automatic tool changer, the angular position around the main shaft 10 of the locking block 13 needs to be in a predetermined attachment / detachment position.

In the above embodiment, the attachment attached to the spindle 10 is not limited to the angle head 20, and may be another type of attachment that needs to change the direction around the spindle 10.
For example, in the angle head 20 of the above-described embodiment, the rotation axis of the spindle 10 and the machining direction (rotation axis of the tool unit 23) are changed in the orthogonal direction, but the rotation axis is changed to another angle such as 60 degrees or 45 degrees. It may be a thing.
Further, in addition to changing the rotation axis and the machining axis of the spindle 10, it can be applied to various attachments having other purposes such as a speed-increasing attachment. The speed-increasing attachment has the same rotation axis of the tool as the spindle 10, but has a function of increasing the rotation speed of the tool higher than the rotation speed of the spindle 10. In such a speed-increasing attachment, the direction of the rotation axis of the tool is not changed by the spindle attachment direction adjusting device 30 of the present invention. However, when the locking block 13 and the locking pin 24 that prevent the attachment body from rotating around the spindle head 11 interfere with the work, the locking block 13 can be changed by changing the direction of the attachment body by the spindle attachment direction adjusting device 30. And by pointing the locking pin 24 in another direction, it is possible to eliminate the interference with the work.
As described above, the present invention can be applied to various attachments that need to change the orientation around the spindle 10, and excellent effects can be obtained in each of them.
Further, the machine tool 1 is a gantry machining center or the like, and the spindle 10 is supported downward by the spindle head 11. However, even if the spindle 10 is oriented in the horizontal direction such as a horizontal boring machine. good.

The present invention can be used for spindle attachment direction adjusting devices and machine tools.

1 ... Machine tool, 10 ... Spindle, 11 ... Spindle head, 111 ... Step, 12 ... Chuck part, 13 ... Locking block, 131 ... Support arm, 20 ... Angle head, 21 ... Shank part, 22 ... Case part, 23 ... Tool part, 24 ... Locking pin, 25 ... Coil spring, 26 ... Lock lever, 27 ... Lock groove, 28 ... Lock mechanism, 30 ... Spindle attachment direction adjustment device, 31 ... Block holder, 311 ... Bearing, 312 ... Blade , 32 ... holder base, 321 ... clamp mechanism, 33 ... holder case, 331 ... inner flange, 332 ... holder displacement mechanism, 333 ... coil spring, 334 ... solenoid, 34 ... auxiliary lock mechanism, 35 ... coupling mechanism, 36 ... holder Fixing mechanism, AS ... Spindle axis of rotation, AT ... Tool part rotation axis, D ... Displacement amount.

Claims (5)

It is installed in a machine tool having a spindle head that rotatably supports the spindle and a locking block for preventing rotation installed on the spindle head.
A spindle attachment direction adjusting device that adjusts the orientation around the spindle of an attachment whose shank portion is connected to the spindle and whose locking pin is engaged with the locking block.
A ring-shaped block holder concentric with the spindle that supports the locking block and is supported by the spindle head and can rotate around the spindle.
A holder fixing mechanism capable of fixing the block holder to the spindle head at an arbitrary position around the spindle,
It has a connecting mechanism that can be connected so that the block holder rotates integrally with the spindle.
The holder fixing mechanism is a spindle attachment direction adjusting device including a blade formed outward over the entire circumference of the block holder and a clamp mechanism for clamping the blade . The attachment has a locking mechanism that regulates the rotation of the shank portion when the locking pin is displaced in the axial direction of the spindle.
The connecting mechanism assists the block holder to be displaced in the axial direction of the spindle, the locking pin to be displaced in the axial direction of the spindle via the locking block, and the shank portion to be locked by the locking mechanism. Has a locking mechanism
The auxiliary lock mechanism includes a holder base that is installed around the spindle and supports the block holder so as to be rotatable around the spindle, and a holder that displaces the holder base with respect to the spindle head in the axial direction of the spindle. With a displacement mechanism,
The holder displacement mechanism includes a coil spring that urges the holder base on the side where the locking block is supported, and a side opposite to the side where the locking block is supported on the holder base against the coil spring. The spindle attachment direction adjusting device according to claim 1 , further comprising a solenoid that can be driven toward . A holder case surrounding the outer periphery of the holder base is installed on the spindle head, an inner flange is formed on the holder case, and a step facing the inner flange is formed on the spindle head.
The spindle attachment direction adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein the holder base is limited in a displaceable range from a position where it abuts on the inner flange to a position where it abuts on the step. The spindle attachment direction adjusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the locking block is supported by a support arm extending radially inward from the block holder. A machine tool comprising the spindle attachment direction adjusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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