JP7039438B2 - How to insulate buildings and how to recycle building insulation - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of heat insulating a building and a method of recycling a heat insulating material formed by the method .

In RC and S structures, sprayed hard urethane foam heat insulating materials are often used for the purpose of preventing dew condensation, heat insulation, and energy saving.
In recent years, there have been rare fires caused by ignition of heat insulating materials due to inadequate construction management. In addition, when a general fire occurs, the fire may burn to the heat insulating material and cause the spread of fire.
Therefore, there are cases where the owner, the prime contractor, etc. voluntarily implement combustion measures, in addition to the cases where the use of non-combustible materials, semi-non-combustible materials, and flame-retardant materials is required by the relevant laws and regulations at the time of construction.

The following methods are known as means for preventing such combustion of urethane foam.
Method 1: Apply a fireproof coat (such as a cement-based inorganic material spraying material) to the surface of the urethane foam.
Method 2: Improve the flame retardant performance of the urethane foam itself. The following Patent Document 1 discloses a urethane resin composition to which a flame retardant containing red phosphorus as an essential component is added.

Japanese Patent No. 6200435

However, the above-mentioned conventional method has at least one of the following problems.
(1) In the case of Method 1, not only the construction of the fireproof coat takes time, but also the adhesion with the urethane foam is not sufficient after the construction of the fireproof coat, and there remains a problem that the fireproof coat falls off.
In addition, since it is not realistic to remove the fireproof coat part from the urethane foam part and separate it, the waste is limited to final disposal such as landfill, and there is no way to recycle it.
(2) In the case of Method 2, urethane foam with improved flame-retardant performance naturally becomes harder to burn, and additives that enhance flame-retardant performance can cause damage to the boiler. Is difficult to divert to solid fuel (thermal recycling), and can only be disposed of by burying it in the final disposal site.
In recent years, it has become difficult to convert urethane waste materials from construction into fuel and incinerate them, and they are being sent to landfills at final disposal sites, which is a momentum that exceeds the limit of acceptance. Furthermore, due to the impact of the suspension of imports of plastic waste materials accepted in China, it is inevitable that the disposal cost of final disposal will rise.

Therefore, it is at least one of the objects of the present invention to provide means having excellent workability and recyclability in preventing combustion of the heat insulating material for buildings.

The first invention of the present application, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, is a method for insulating a building, in which a base forming step and a protective portion forming step are sequentially carried out for a portion where a heat insulating layer is planned to be formed. The base portion and the protective portion are integrated to form a heat insulating layer in an adhesive state, and the base portion is composed of a foamed plastic-based composition having a flame retardant performance lower than that of the protective portion. It is characterized by being composed of an in-situ foaming urethane resin composition that does not contain a silicone-based foam stabilizer, contains an acrylic-based surface conditioner, and has at least semi-incombustibility in a heat generation test conforming to ISO-5660. And.
Further, in the second invention of the present application, in the first invention, the spraying device forming the heat insulating layer supplies the raw material used for the spraying formation of the base portion, and the base side supply system and the protective portion are spray-formed. The device is characterized by incorporating and integrating a protection unit side supply system that supplies the raw materials to be used and a switching mechanism that can switch between the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system.
Further, the third invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the second invention, the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system are individually provided with spray guns.
Further, the fourth invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the second invention, one spray gun capable of switching between the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system is provided.
Further, in the fifth invention of the present application, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, at least one of the raw materials constituting the base is used as the raw material constituting the protective portion. The feature is that it is also used.
Further, the sixth invention of the present application is a method for recycling a heat insulating material for a building formed by the method according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, and the recovered heat insulating material for a building is used. It is characterized in that the waste material or the residual material of the material is recycled as a recycled heat insulating material without separating and sorting the base portion and the protective portion.
Further, the seventh invention of the present application is a method for recycling a heat insulating material for a building formed by the method according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, and the recovered heat insulating material for a building is used. It is characterized in that the waste material or the residual material of the material is recycled as a solid fuel without separating and sorting the base portion and the protective portion.

According to the present invention, it has at least one of the effects described below.
(1) A part or all of the surface of the heat insulating material is composed of a protective portion made of an in-situ foaming urethane resin composition having at least semi-incombustible in a heat generation test based on ISO-5660, and the rest is described above. By forming a base made of a foamed plastic-based composition having a lower flame-retardant performance than the protective layer, the flame-retardant performance can be enhanced only in a portion where there is a high risk of ignition.
(2) Since the thickness of the protective portion can be counted as the thickness of the heat insulating layer, the space for providing the heat insulating mechanism is thinner than in the case where the thickness of the heat insulating layer cannot be simply counted as in the case of cement-based or other inorganic spraying materials. Can be designed. In addition, there is no adverse effect on the work of confirming the thickness of the heat insulating material using the thickness pin.
(3) Not all of the heat insulating material is formed by a protective part having at least quasi-incombustible in the heat generation test conforming to ISO-5660, so that the influence on the boiler is small even when recycled as solid fuel. Easy to accept for disposal companies. Therefore, the waste material can be recycled as it is without separating the protective part and the base part.
(4) When recycling as a recycled heat insulating material (blowing material, heat insulating material hardened into a plate, etc.), the protective part and the base are not separated, and the waste or residual material of the heat insulating material is used as it is or other heat insulating materials. Can be mixed with and recycled.
(5) By preparing an on-site foaming type spraying device that incorporates multiple supply systems of raw materials for spraying heat insulating materials (base, protective part) with different compositions, the base can be efficiently formed at the planned formation of the heat insulating layer. And a protective part can be formed.

The schematic diagram which shows an example of the heat insulation structure of each building to which the heat insulation material which concerns on this invention is applied.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<1> Overall Configuration FIG. 1 describes an example of a heat insulating structure of each building to which the heat insulating material according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 1 (a) shows an example in which a heat insulating layer A is formed between columns X or studs of a wooden building, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a heat insulating layer A formed on a concrete skeleton Y of an RC building. This is an example of the formation.

The building to which the heat insulating material according to the present invention is applied is not limited to the above example, and can be applied to any structure.
In addition, the target building may be either an existing building or a new building.

Further, the heat insulating material used for forming the heat insulating layer A shown in FIG. 1 has at least a two-layer structure by the base 10 and the protective portion 20, but in the present invention, both sides of the base 10 are formed by the protective portion 20. It may exhibit a sandwiched three-layer structure or the like.

<2> Base The base 10 is an element for constituting a main part of the heat insulating material.
The base 10 can be made of a foamed plastic-based composition having a flame retardant performance lower than that of the urethane resin composition used in the protective portion 20 described later.
This foamed plastic-based composition includes rigid urethane foam-based, polystyrene foam-based, phenol foam-based, polyisocyanurate foam-based, and the like, which are formed in known embodiments such as in-situ spray type, in-situ injection type, and factory-made type. Known compositions can be used.

<3> Protecting unit The protective unit 20 is an element for covering a part or all of the surface of the heat insulating material to prevent or suppress the combustion of the heat insulating material.
The protective portion 20 can be made of a composition having a higher flame retardant performance than the base portion 10.
As described above, the urethane resin composition used for the protective portion 20 has at least semi-incombustible properties in the heat generation test based on ISO-5660, that is, those belonging to the non-combustible materials and the forward non-combustible materials in Table 1 below. Determine the composition of each material so that it becomes.
More preferably, the protective portion 20 can be composed of an in-situ foaming urethane resin composition having at least quasi-incombustible in the heat generation test based on ISO-5660 shown in Table 1 below.

[Table 1]

As the urethane resin composition used for the protective portion 20, a urethane resin composition obtained by adding the flame retardant described in Patent Document 1 described above may be used, or, for example, the following urethane resin composition may be used. You can also do it.
(Example 1) It is assumed that it contains at least a polyisocyanate compound, an ester-based polyol compound, a trimerization catalyst, an additive, and a non- silicone -based surface conditioner and does not contain a foam stabilizer, and the additive requires red phosphorus. A urethane resin composition which is a component and is a combination of at least one of a phosphate-containing flame retardant and a chlorine-containing flame retardant.
(Example 2) A urethane resin composition in which the phosphate-containing flame retardant in (Example 1) comprises at least one of ammonium phosphate and aluminum phosphate.
(Example 3) A urethane resin composition in which the chlorine-containing flame retardant in (Example 1) or (Example 2) is a chlorine-based phosphoric acid ester.
(Example 4) A urethane resin composition in which the non- silicone -based surface conditioner in (Example 1) to (Example 3) is an acrylic surface conditioner.
Hereinafter, the details of these urethane resin compositions will be described.

<3.1> What does not contain a foam stabilizer The urethane resin composition used for the protective portion 20 contains at least a polyisocyanate compound, an ester-based polyol compound, a trimerization catalyst, an additive, and a non- silicone -based surface conditioner. Moreover, those containing no foam stabilizer can be used.
A method in which the above composition is divided into a polyisocyanate compound (first liquid) and other components (second liquid), and both are mixed and sprayed while being sprayed, or a method in which both are mixed and sprayed. A heat insulating layer can be formed on the building by such means.

<3.2> Polyisocyanate compound The polyisocyanate compound is a material used as a main agent.
Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include aromatic polyisocyanates, alicyclic polyisocyanates, and aliphatic polyisocyanates.

Examples of the aromatic polyisocyanate include phenylenediocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dimethyldiphenylmethane diisocyanate, triphenylmethane triisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate.
Examples of the alicyclic polyisocyanate include cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and dimethyldicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.

Examples of the aliphatic polyisocyanate include methylene diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, propylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate and the like.
The polyisocyanate compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The main agent of the urethane resin composition is preferably diphenylmethane diisocyanate because it is easy to use and easily available.

The content (% by weight) of the isocyanate compound in the urethane resin composition is preferably 20 to 80%. If it is less than 20%, the flame retardant performance is deteriorated, and if it is more than 80%, the adhesiveness with the skeleton or the like is deteriorated. do.

<3.3> polyol compound The polyol compound is a material used as a curing agent.
The polyol compound consists of an ester-based polyol compound or an ether-based polyol compound and a combination thereof.

<3.3.1> Ester-based polyol compound Examples of the ester-based polyol compound include polymers obtained by dehydration condensation of a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, ε-caprolactone, α-methyl-ε-caprolactone, and the like. Examples thereof include a polymer obtained by ring-opening polymerization of the lactone of the above, and a condensate of hydroxycarboxylic acid and the above polyhydric alcohol and the like.
Here, specific examples of the polybasic acid include adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, succinic acid and the like. Terephthalic acid denaturation is preferable in terms of flame retardancy, and fatty acid denaturation is preferable in terms of adhesiveness.

The content (% by weight) of the ester compound in the urethane resin composition is preferably 20 to 80%. If it is less than 20%, the adhesiveness to the skeleton or the like deteriorates, and if it exceeds 80%, the resin strength is small. Problems such as shrinkage may occur.

<3.3.2> Other Polyol Compounds Examples of other polyol compounds include polylactone polyols, polycarbonate polyols, aromatic polyols, alicyclic polyols, aliphatic polyols, polymer polyols, and polyether polyols. ..
Examples of the polylactone polyol include polypropiolactone glycol, polycaprolactone glycol, polyvalerolactone glycol and the like.
The polycarbonate polyol can be obtained, for example, by a dealcohol reaction between a hydroxyl group-containing compound such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, octanediol or nonanediol and diethylene carbonate, dipropylene carbonate or the like. Examples include polyols.
Examples of the aromatic polyol include bisphenol A, bisphenol F, phenol novolac, cresol novolak and the like.
Examples of the alicyclic polyol include cyclohexanediol, methylcyclohexanediol, isophoronediol, dicyclohexylmethanediol, and dimethyldicyclohexylmethanediol.
Examples of the aliphatic polyol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, and hexanediol.
Specific examples of the polyhydric alcohol include bisphenol A, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, diethylene glycol, 1,6-hexaneglycol, neopentyl glycol and the like. ..
Specific examples of the hydroxycarboxylic acid include castor oil and reaction products of castor oil and ethylene glycol.
Aromatic polyols are desirable in terms of flame retardancy.

<3.4> Trimerization catalyst The trimerization catalyst is a material for reacting an isocyanate group contained in a polyisocyanate compound to trimerize it and promote the formation of an isocyanurate ring.
Examples of the trimerization catalyst include tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 2,4-bis (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 2,4,6-tris (dialkylaminoalkyl) hexahydro-S-triazine and the like as catalysts. Nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds, carboxylic acid alkali metal salts such as potassium acetate, potassium 2-ethylhexanoate, potassium octylate, tertiary ammonium salts such as trimethylammonium salt, triethylammonium salt, triphenylammonium salt, tetramethylammonium salt , Tetraethylammonium, tetraphenylammonium salt and other quaternary ammonium salts can be used.
A combination of a carboxylic acid alkyl metal salt and a quaternary ammonium salt is desirable from the viewpoint of adhesiveness at low temperature and flame retardant performance.

The urethane resin content (% by weight) of the trimerization catalyst in the urethane resin composition is preferably 1 to 20%, and if it is less than 1%, the flame retardant performance deteriorates, and if it exceeds 20%, the reaction is too fast. This may cause problems such as clogging of the mixing part of the spray gun.

<3.5> Additives Additives are elements used to enhance flame retardant performance.
The additive contains red phosphorus as an essential component, and is composed of a combination of at least one of a phosphate-containing flame retardant and a chlorine-containing flame retardant in addition to red phosphorus.

<3.5.1> Red phosphorus Red phosphorus is an element for suppressing the total calorific value during combustion.
The red phosphorus used in the present invention is not limited, and a commercially available product can be appropriately selected and used. However, when considering the production of a polyol liquid, red phosphorus, which is a dangerous substance of the second class of the Fire Service Act, is thermoplastic. It is desirable to use a surface-treated product such as plastic that is resistant to oxidation and has improved safety and stability.

The content (% by weight) of the urethane resin of red phosphorus in the urethane resin composition is preferably 0.3 to 25%, if it is less than 0.3%, the flame retardant performance deteriorates, and if it exceeds 25%, it is sprayed. Problems such as clogging of the mixing part of the gun may occur.

<3.5.2> Phosphate-containing flame retardant The phosphate-containing flame retardant is an element for further suppressing the total calorific value in combination with red phosphorus.
The phosphate-containing flame retardant used in the present invention contains phosphoric acid.

The phosphate-containing flame retardant may be, for example, from a salt of the various phosphoric acids and at least one metal or compound selected from the metals of Group IA to IVB of the Periodic Table, ammonia, aliphatic amines and aromatic amines. Phosphate can be mentioned.
Examples of the metals of Group IA to Group IVB of the Periodic Table include lithium, sodium, calcium, barium, iron (II), iron (III), and aluminum.
Examples of the aliphatic amine include methylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine, piperazine and the like.
Further, examples of the aromatic amine include pyridine, triazine, melamine, ammonium and the like.
The above-mentioned phosphate-containing flame retardant may be subjected to a known water resistance improving treatment such as a silane coupling agent treatment or a coating with a melamine resin, or a known foaming aid such as melamine or pentaerythritol may be added. May be.

Specific examples of the phosphate-containing flame retardant include monophosphate, pyrophosphate, polyphosphate and the like.

The monophosphate is not particularly limited, and for example, ammonium salts such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and phosphite. Sodium acid monosodium, disodium phosphite, sodium salts such as sodium hypophosphite, monopotassium phosphate, dipotassium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, monopotassium phosphite, dipotassium phosphite, hypophosphite Potassium salts such as potassium acid, monolithium phosphate, dilithium phosphate, trilithium phosphate, monolithium phosphate, dilithium phosphate, lithium salts such as lithium hypophosphite, barium dihydrogen phosphate, Barium salts such as barium hydrogen phosphate, tribarium phosphate, barium hypophosphite, magnesium monohydrogen phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, magnesium salts such as magnesium hypophosphite, dihydrogen phosphate Examples thereof include calcium salts such as calcium, calcium hydrogen phosphate, tricalcium phosphate and calcium hypophosphite, and zinc salts such as zinc phosphate, zinc phosphite and zinc hypophosphite.

The polyphosphate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ammonium polyphosphate, piperazine polyphosphate, melamine polyphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate amide, and aluminum polyphosphate.

Among these, it is preferable to use polyphosphate because the self-extinguishing property of the phosphate-containing flame retardant is improved, and ammonium polyphosphate or aluminum phosphite that forms a foam layer when heated may be used. More preferred.

The phosphate-containing flame retardant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The content (% by weight) of the urethane resin of the phosphate-containing flame retardant in the urethane resin composition is preferably 0.3 to 25%, and if it is less than 0.3%, the flame retardant performance deteriorates and exceeds 25%. In this case, problems such as clogging of the mixing portion of the spray gun and sedimentation of the stirred raw material in a short period of time may occur.

<3.5.3> Chlorine-containing flame retardant The chlorine-containing flame retardant is an element for suppressing the maximum heat generation rate at the initial stage of combustion.
The following five types of flame retardants are widely used as chlorine-containing flame retardants.
(A) Tris (chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) CAS Registry Number 115-96-8
(B) Tris (β-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) CAS Registry Number 13674-84-5
(C) Tris (dichloropropyl) phosphate (TDCP) CAS Registry Number 13674-87-8
(D) Tetrakis (2 chloroethyl) dichloroisopentyldiphosphate (V6) CAS No. 38051-10-4
(E) Polyoxyalkylene bis (dichloroalkyl) dichloromethane (CR-504L) CAS Registry Number 184530-92-5

The urethane resin content (% by weight) of the chlorine-containing flame retardant in the urethane resin composition is preferably 2 to 30%, and if it is less than 2%, the flame retardant performance deteriorates, and if it exceeds 30%, the resin strength is high. It becomes smaller and may cause problems such as shrinkage.

<3.6> Non- silicone surface conditioner Examples of the non- silicone surface conditioner include an acrylic surface conditioner.
The acrylic surface conditioner is a solvent-free surface conditioner containing an acrylic polymer as a main component, and has a function of increasing the surface free energy of the cured resin.
The acrylic surface modifier increases the surface free energy of the added coating film by incorporating a highly polar part in the molecule, and is effective in improving the wettability and adhesion to the topcoat and imparting hydrophilicity. ..
In addition, since the acrylic surface conditioner is a solvent-free liquid product, it is easy to add, and it can be applied not only to solvent-based paints but also to solvent-free paints.
The reason why the surface conditioner is non- silicone in the present invention is to prevent deterioration of adhesiveness at the time of laminating and to prevent falling off and curling.

The content of the non- silicone surface conditioner in the urethane resin composition is preferably 0.2 to 10%, and if it is less than 0.2%, the predetermined expansion ratio cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 10%, the resin strength May become smaller and problems such as shrinkage may occur.

<3.7> Defoaming agent (reason for not including it in the formulation)
The defoaming agent has the role of adjusting the surface tension when making a foam by confining the foaming agent by surface tension, and when the foaming agent is removed, the foam does not become a foam and is a lump of resin. Therefore, it is considered as an essential component in the technical field according to the present invention.
On the other hand, the use of the foam stabilizer also has disadvantages such as a decrease in the self-adhesive strength of urethane, generation of cyclic siloxane, and an adverse effect on foamability due to the combination with the HFO foaming agent.
Therefore, in the urethane resin composition according to the present invention, a foam that does not hinder the heat insulating material of the building is formed by selecting the compounding conditions of other materials even if the foam stabilizer is not included.

<3.8> Others In addition, the following materials may be included in the urethane resin composition used for the protective portion 20.

<3.8.1> Foaming agent The foaming agent has a good foaming action when a polyisocyanate compound (first liquid) and other components (second liquid) are mixed to form a foam. Material for.
The foaming agent promotes the foaming of the urethane resin. Examples of the effervescent agent include water; low boiling hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane; dichloroethane, propyl chloride, isopropyl chloride, butyl chloride, etc. Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds such as isobutyl chloride, pentyl chloride and isopentyl chloride; fluorine compounds such as CHF3, CH2F2 and CH3F; trichlormonofluoromethane, trichlortrifluoroethane, dichloromonofluoroethane, (eg, HCFC141b (1). , 1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane), HCFC22 (chlorodifluoromethane), HCFC142b (1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane)) and other hydrocarbon compounds; HFC-245fa (1,1,1,3) Hydrofluorocarbons such as 3-pentafluoropropane), HFC-365mfc (1,1,1,3,3-pentafluorobutane); HFO-1233zd ((E) -1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro) Hydrofluoroolefins such as Propen); organic physical foaming agents such as ether compounds such as diisopropyl ether, or mixtures of these compounds, and inorganic physical foaming agents such as nitrogen gas, oxygen gas, argon gas, and carbon dioxide gas. Can be mentioned.

From the viewpoint of environmental influence and excellent heat insulating performance, it is preferable to contain hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) as a foaming agent.

The content of the foaming agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 parts by weight to 112 parts by weight, more preferably in the range of 0.3 parts by weight to 67 parts, still more preferably, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyol. Is in the range of 1.8 parts by weight to 67 parts by weight, most preferably in the range of 3.7 parts by weight to 37 parts by weight. In the foamable polyurethane composition, it can be in the range of 0.1 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 parts by weight to 18 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the urethane resin. It is more preferably in the range of 0.5 parts by weight to 18 parts by weight, and most preferably in the range of 1 part by weight to 10 parts by weight.

When the range of the foaming agent is not less than the above lower limit value, foaming is promoted and the density of the obtained molded product can be reduced, and when it is not more than the above upper limit value, the foam does not foam and the foam is not formed. Can be prevented.

Further, in the present invention, one or more of the above-mentioned foaming agents may be used.

<3.8.2.> Urethane foaming catalyst The urethanization foam catalyst is a material that particularly promotes the reaction between the isocyanate compound and water. Specifically, the carbon dioxide gas generated by the reaction between isocyanate and water promotes the foaming of the undiluted solution.
As the foaming catalyst, specifically, a chain tertiary amine such as bis (2-dimethylaminoethyl) ether, N, N-dimethylalkylamine, and a tertiary amine resin composition are neutralized with a carboxylic acid. An acid block type foaming catalyst can be mentioned.
From the viewpoint of not causing decomposition of HFC or HFO, it is preferable to use an acid block type foaming catalyst.

The content (% by weight) of the urethane resin of the urethanization catalyst in the urethane resin composition is preferably 0.1 to 10%, and if it is less than 0.1%, the predetermined foaming ratio cannot be obtained and 10%. In the case of super case, the reaction becomes too fast and problems such as clogging of the mixing portion of the spray gun may occur.

<3.8.3.> Urethaneated metal catalyst The urethanized metal catalyst is a material for accelerating the reaction between an isocyanate compound and a polyol compound.
Examples of the urethanized metal catalyst include metal salts composed of lead, tin, bismuth, copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel and the like, preferably organic acid metals composed of lead, tin, bismuth, copper, zinc, cobalt, nickel and the like. It is a salt and has the effect of preventing decomposition of HFC and HFO foaming agents by an amine-based urethane catalyst.

The urethane resin content (% by weight) of the urethaneized metal catalyst is preferably 0.1 to 10%, and if it is less than 0.1%, the predetermined expansion ratio cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 10%, the reaction occurs. It may be too fast and problems such as clogging of the mixing part of the spray gun may occur.

<3.8.4> Adhesion Accelerator Adhesion accelerator is a material for improving adhesiveness.
Examples of the adhesion promoter include cyclic esters and the like.
Adhesion promoters promote polymerization of the foam surface, reducing surface flyability that tends to occur with high index and / or high water content, and also provide proper foam adhesion even when spray foam is applied in low temperature environments. Sex can be realized.

<3.8.5> Dispersant The dispersant is a material for improving the dispersibility of the flame retardant.
Examples of the dispersant include an alkylammonium salt of an acidic copolymer having a hydroxyl group.
By including the dispersant, the wet dispersion rate of the red phosphorus at the time of dispersion and the phosphate-containing flame retardant filler is improved, and the viscosity is lowered, so that the blending amount of the filler can be increased.
The higher the blending amount of the filler, the better the flame retardant performance.
Further, it is possible to obtain the effect of significantly delaying the time for the filler to settle on the bottom of the container after stirring and mixing the filler with a stirring blade or the like.

The urethane resin content (% by weight) of the dispersant in the urethane resin composition used for the protective portion 20 is preferably 0.1 to 10%, and if it is less than 0.1%, the dispersibility of the filler is not improved. If it exceeds 10%, the resin strength becomes small and problems such as shrinkage may occur.

<3.9> Effect of urethane resin composition used for protective part The urethane resin composition described in <3.1> to <3.8> above is a foam by not including a defoaming agent in the formulation. Adhesiveness is good. More specifically, it is possible to avoid the possibility that the adhesion at the time of repeated blowing is deteriorated due to the improvement of the slipperiness of the skin layer surface due to the use of the silicone -based defoaming agent used as the raw material of the urethane foam.

Further, especially when a silicone -based defoaming agent is not included, it can be expected that there is no diffusion of cyclic siloxane, and that there is no adverse effect such as malfunction due to contact failure of electric / electronic equipment and water pollution.

In addition, by including a phosphate-containing flame retardant or a chlorine-containing flame retardant in addition to red phosphorus, it is even more difficult due to dehydration condensation, hydrolysis, dehydration carbonization (intomescent effect), and formation of a foamed layer during combustion. It can be expected to obtain fuel performance.

Further, since the foam stabilizer is not included in the formulation of the urethane resin composition, there is a problem that the HFO foaming agent such as HFO1233zd does not foam due to the decomposition of the silicone foaming agent by hydrogen fluoride generated by the decomposition of the amine catalyst or the like. There is no problem of slowing down the chemical reaction. As a result, there is no problem in using the HFO foaming agent, and the effect of using the HFO foaming agent (improvement of long-term storage stability of the raw material, improvement of workability in the field) can be expected.

<4> Construction method In the heat insulating method using the heat insulating material according to the present invention, the conventional heat insulating material forming step may be replaced with the base portion 10 forming step and the protective portion 20 forming step.
The order of the forming step of the base 10 and the forming step of the protective portion 20 and the number of times of each step are not particularly limited.
That is, the protection portion 20 on one surface side may be formed, the base portion 10 may be formed, the protection portion 20 on the other surface side may be formed, and the like so that the entire surface of the base portion 10 is covered with the protection portion 20.
Further, the thickness of the protective portion 20 can be appropriately determined according to the required noncombustible performance. Regardless of the thickness of the entire heat insulating layer, if the protective portion 20 is designed to have a thickness of about 3 mm to 30 mm, it is considered that the combustion suppressing effect can be sufficiently exhibited.

<5> Configuration example of the spraying device to be used The following configuration example can be considered for the spraying device used in the present invention.

<5.1> When constructing with one conventional device For example, in the urethane spraying system described in Japanese Patent No. 5941518 by the applicant, a main agent such as a polyol and a curing agent such as isocyanate are individually contained. It is equipped with two tanks, a urethane supply device that sucks raw materials from each tank, a head gun that mixes each raw material discharged from the urethane supply device, and a compressor that supplies air to the urethane supply device and the head gun. A tank set for spraying the base 10 and a tank set for spraying the protective portion 20 according to the present invention are separately prepared, and the pump provided in the urethane supply device is reconnected and used during the forming process of each portion. Is.
In the case of this example, it is necessary to separately prepare tanks for accommodating raw materials, but it is advantageous in that the conventional urethane spraying system can be used as it is and that it is not necessary to prepare two spraying systems themselves.

<5.2> When two conventional devices are prepared for construction For example, two urethane spraying systems described in the above-mentioned patent No. 59415118 are prepared, and a urethane spraying system for forming the base 10 and protection are provided. It is a configuration that is completely separated from the urethane spraying system for forming the portion 20.
In the case of this example, a space is required to prepare two urethane spraying systems, but the construction capacity per day is that the conventional urethane spraying system can be used as it is and the labor of reconnecting to the tank is eliminated. Can be expected to improve.

<5.3> When a single device is provided with a raw material switching mechanism, for example, in a tank, urethane supply device, each hose, etc., which constitutes the urethane spraying system described in the above-mentioned Patent No. 5941518. A plurality of raw material supply systems used in the process of forming the base 10 and the process of forming the protective portion 20 are incorporated, and the raw materials to be sprayed can be switched at the hand of the spray gun or on the urethane spraying device side.
According to this example, different heat insulating layers can be formed by one urethane spraying system.

<5.4> Others If the raw material used for forming the base 10 and the raw material used for forming the protective portion 20 can be used in common, the tank for accommodating the raw material is shared to provide an installation space for the entire system. A configuration that saves money is also conceivable.

<6> Comparison with conventional structure (comparison of recyclability)
Table 2 below shows a comparison table between the conventional heat insulating structure and the heat insulating structure according to the present invention.
[Table 2]

As described above, the heat insulating material according to the present invention can be used for material recycling (“recycled heat insulating material” such as blowing material and heat insulating material hardened into a plate) and thermal recycling (solid fuel) for the recovered residual material and waste material. Since it is possible to deal with any of these, it is possible to avoid problems such as refusal of acceptance at the final disposal site and soaring disposal prices that are expected in the future.
Therefore, as compared with the conventional structure, the options for industrial waste disposal of the heat insulating material can be expanded and the cost can be kept low.

A Insulation layer 10 Base 20 Protective part X Pillar Y Concrete skeleton

Claims (7)

It ’s a method of heat insulation of buildings .
The process of forming the base and the step of forming the protective portion are sequentially performed on the planned formation location of the heat insulating layer to form a heat insulating layer in which the base portion and the protective portion are integrated in an adhesive state.
The base is composed of a foamed plastic-based composition having a flame retardant performance lower than that of the protective portion.
The protective portion is composed of an in-situ foaming urethane resin composition that does not contain a silicone-based foam stabilizer, contains an acrylic-based surface conditioner, and has at least quasi-incombustibility in a heat generation test based on ISO-5660. Characterized by the fact that there is
How to insulate a building. The spraying device that forms the heat insulating layer
The base side supply system that supplies the raw material used for the spray formation of the base, and
The protection unit side supply system that supplies the raw material used for spraying the protection unit, and
A switching mechanism that can switch between the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system,
It is characterized by being an integrated device that incorporates
The method for insulating a building according to claim 1 . The method for insulating a building according to claim 2 , wherein a spray gun is individually provided for the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system. The method for insulating a building according to claim 2 , wherein one spray gun capable of switching between the base side supply system and the protection unit side supply system is provided. The building according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein at least one of the raw materials constituting the base is also used as the raw material constituting the protective portion. Insulation method. A method for recycling a heat insulating material for a building formed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .
The collected waste or residual material of the heat insulating material for buildings is recycled as a recycled heat insulating material without separating the base and the protective part.
How to recycle insulation for buildings. A method for recycling a heat insulating material for a building formed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 .
The recovered waste or residual material of the heat insulating material for buildings is recycled as solid fuel without separating the base and the protective part.
How to recycle insulation for buildings.

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