JP7033432B2 - Microwave antenna - Google Patents

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JP7033432B2
JP7033432B2 JP2017211065A JP2017211065A JP7033432B2 JP 7033432 B2 JP7033432 B2 JP 7033432B2 JP 2017211065 A JP2017211065 A JP 2017211065A JP 2017211065 A JP2017211065 A JP 2017211065A JP 7033432 B2 JP7033432 B2 JP 7033432B2
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notch
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microwave antenna
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良太 菅
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日清紡マイクロデバイス株式会社
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本発明は、特に高周波帯で使用されるマイクロ波アンテナの構造に関する。 The present invention relates specifically to the structure of a microwave antenna used in the high frequency band.

近年、省エネルギーのために、例えば天井に設置する照明装置にマイクロ波センサを内蔵させ、階段エリア等の所定のエリアへの人の出入りを検知し、人が移動する間だけ照明装置を点灯させることが行われる。 In recent years, in order to save energy, for example, a microwave sensor is built in a lighting device installed on the ceiling to detect the entry and exit of a person into a predetermined area such as a staircase area, and the lighting device is turned on only while the person moves. Is done.

このような階段エリアの人の出入りを検知する際には、天井の高さの制限により、階下の踊り場から上の階の踊り場の間を十分に検知できない場合があり、従来から、アンテナの検知範囲を広角とするため種々の工夫がなされている。
即ち、アンテナの指向性を変えるために誘電体レンズを使用する方法があり、凹レンズを使用することで、広角度の指向性を得ることができる。
When detecting the entry and exit of people in such a staircase area, it may not be possible to sufficiently detect between the landing on the lower floor and the landing on the upper floor due to the limitation of the height of the ceiling. Various measures have been taken to widen the range.
That is, there is a method of using a dielectric lens to change the directivity of the antenna, and by using a concave lens, a wide-angle directivity can be obtained.

図7に、従来技術である下記特許文献1の構成が示されており、符号の1は本体、2は伝送線路-導波管変換部、3はホーン部、4は誘電体(レドーム)であり、この誘電体4の内側中央部に凹部4aを設けている。
この例では、凹部4aを持つ誘電体4を凹レンズとして用いると共に、誘電体4の端部を本体1の側面に沿うように延出させ、その表面を曲面に形成することにより、誘電体4の端方向へ広がりを持ち、広角化された指向性を得るようにしている。
FIG. 7 shows the configuration of the following Patent Document 1, which is a conventional technique, in which reference numeral 1 is a main body, 2 is a transmission line-waveguide conversion unit, 3 is a horn unit, and 4 is a dielectric (radome). There is a recess 4a provided in the inner center of the dielectric 4.
In this example, the dielectric 4 having the recess 4a is used as a concave lens, and the end portion of the dielectric 4 is extended along the side surface of the main body 1 to form the surface of the dielectric 4 on a curved surface. It has a spread in the end direction to obtain a wide-angle directivity.

特許第5789492号公報Japanese Patent No. 5789492

しかしながら、上記特許文献1に示すアンテナでは、内部に凹部4aを持つ誘電体4を用いるため、外形が大きくなってしまい、小型化には不向きである。
また、周波数が高くなる程、ホーン部3と誘電体4の比較的高い組立て・加工精度が要求され、精度のばらつきが特性に大きく影響することになる。
更に、誘電体レンズを使用する前提では、アンテナ装置の設計・デザインの自由度も低くなる。
However, since the antenna shown in Patent Document 1 uses a dielectric 4 having a recess 4a inside, the outer shape becomes large and it is not suitable for miniaturization.
Further, as the frequency becomes higher, relatively high assembly / processing accuracy of the horn portion 3 and the dielectric 4 is required, and the variation in accuracy greatly affects the characteristics.
Further, on the premise of using a dielectric lens, the degree of freedom in designing the antenna device is also low.

本発明は上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、誘電体レンズを用いることなく、広角の指向性が得られるマイクロ波アンテナを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a microwave antenna capable of obtaining wide-angle directivity without using a dielectric lens.

上記目的を達成するために、請求項1の発明に係るマイクロ波アンテナは、高周波信号を伝送線路から空間へ放出するための変換部と、この変換部を配置する貫通孔及びこの貫通孔の外側周囲に形成される環状凸体を有するホーン部とを備え、上記ホーン部環状凸体の側壁に所定方向の放射角度を広くする指向性を得るための切り欠きを設けたことを特徴とする。
請求項2の発明は、上記ホーン部の環状凸体は、上記貫通孔の外側平面の周囲に縦横方向の長さが異なるように形成され、この環状凸体の縦方向又は横方向のいずれかに上記切り欠きを設けたことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the microwave antenna according to the invention of claim 1 has a conversion unit for emitting a high frequency signal from a transmission line to space, a through hole in which the conversion unit is arranged, and the outside of the through hole. It is characterized by having a horn portion having an annular convex body formed around the horn portion, and providing a notch on the side wall of the annular convex body of the horn portion to obtain directivity for widening the radiation angle in a predetermined direction.
According to the second aspect of the present invention , the annular convex body of the horn portion is formed so as to have different lengths in the vertical and horizontal directions around the outer plane of the through hole, and either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction of the annular convex body is formed. It is characterized in that the above-mentioned notch is provided in the.

上記の構成によれば、上記貫通孔に回路基板の給電部が配置されることによりアンテナが構成され、貫通孔と環状凸体とでホーン部が形成される。そして、環状凸体に例えば溝状の切り欠きを設けることにより、切り欠き方向の放射角度を広くした指向性を得ることができる。この場合の角度幅は、切り欠きの幅に比例したものとなるため、切り欠きの幅を調整することで、放射角度を所望の角度にすることができる。 According to the above configuration, the antenna is configured by arranging the feeding portion of the circuit board in the through hole, and the horn portion is formed by the through hole and the annular convex body. Then, by providing, for example, a groove-shaped notch in the annular convex body, it is possible to obtain directivity in which the radiation angle in the notch direction is widened. Since the angle width in this case is proportional to the width of the notch, the radiation angle can be set to a desired angle by adjusting the width of the notch.

本発明によれば、誘電体レンズを用いない分、外形を小さくすることができ、小型化が可能となる。
また、容易な組立て・加工により、精度のバラツキもなく、広角の指向性が得られ、例えば一定範囲を照らす照明装置に使用されるマイクロ波センサとして好適である。
更に、アンテナ装置の設計・デザインの自由度も高くなるという利点もある。
According to the present invention, since the dielectric lens is not used, the outer shape can be reduced and the size can be reduced.
Further, by easy assembly and processing, wide-angle directivity can be obtained without variation in accuracy, and it is suitable as a microwave sensor used for a lighting device that illuminates a certain range, for example.
Further, there is an advantage that the degree of freedom in designing the antenna device is increased.

本発明の第1実施例に係るマイクロ波アンテナの構成を示し、図(a)は正面図、図(b)は側面図である。The configuration of the microwave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown, FIG. (A) is a front view, and FIG. (B) is a side view. 第1実施例のマイクロ波アンテナに設けられた1つのアンテナ部の断面を示し、図(a)は短手方向の断面図、図(b)は長手方向の断面図である。The cross section of one antenna part provided in the microwave antenna of 1st Example is shown, FIG. 第1実施例の構成で得られる放射角度のシミュレーション結果を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the simulation result of the radiation angle obtained by the structure of 1st Example. 第1実施例の構成における電波の状態をシミュレーションした結果を示し、図(a)は切り欠きのない場合の図、図(b)は切り欠きのある場合の図である。The result of simulating the state of the radio wave in the configuration of 1st Example is shown, FIG. 第2実施例のマイクロ波アンテナの構成を示す上面図である。It is a top view which shows the structure of the microwave antenna of 2nd Example. 第2実施例の構成で得られる放射角度のシミュレーション結果を示すグラフ図である。It is a graph which shows the simulation result of the radiation angle obtained by the structure of 2nd Example. 従来のマイクロ波アンテナの構成を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the conventional microwave antenna.

図1(a),(b)、図2(a),(b)に、第1実施例のマイクロ波アンテナの構成が示されており、図2のように、回路基板11に、高周波信号を伝送線路から空間へ放出するための変換部12が形成される。一方、ホーン部(開口)13として、平板に形成された貫通孔14とこの貫通孔14を囲むように平板上に形成された環状(楕円状)凸体15とが設けられる。実施例では、図1のように、変換部12、ホーン部13からなるアンテナが2個配置され、これらは例えば送信用アンテナと受信用アンテナとして用いられる。 1 (a), (b), 2 (a), 2 (b) show the configuration of the microwave antenna of the first embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 2, a high frequency signal is displayed on the circuit board 11. A conversion unit 12 is formed to discharge the wave from the transmission line to the space. On the other hand, as the horn portion (opening) 13, a through hole 14 formed in the flat plate and an annular (elliptical) convex body 15 formed on the flat plate so as to surround the through hole 14 are provided. In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, two antennas including a conversion unit 12 and a horn unit 13 are arranged, and these are used, for example, as a transmission antenna and a reception antenna.

そして、上記環状凸体15に、その中央部縦方向(長手方向fa)に沿って、即ちホーン部13のH面に沿って2箇所に溝状の切り欠き16を形成する。
このような第1実施例のマイクロ波アンテナによれば、放射される電波が環状凸体15の2つの切り欠き16から外側に向かって広がりを持つことになる。
Then, the annular convex body 15 is formed with groove-shaped notches 16 at two points along the vertical direction (longitudinal direction fa) of the central portion thereof, that is, along the H surface of the horn portion 13.
According to the microwave antenna of the first embodiment as described above, the radiated radio wave spreads outward from the two notches 16 of the annular convex body 15.

図3,図4には、上記切り欠き16の有無によるシミュレーションの結果が示されており、図3のように、切り欠き16がない場合の電波の放射レベルは曲線101であるのに対し、切り欠き16を設けた場合の放射レベルは曲線102となり、切り欠き方向(長手方向fa)において放射角度が広がる結果となる。
また、図4(a)は切り欠き16がない場合の電界分布、図4(b)は切り欠き16がある場合の電界分布であり、この電界分布においても、切り欠き16がない場合に比べて、切り欠き16がある場合は長手方向faへ広がっていることが分かる。
3 and 4 show the results of the simulation with and without the notch 16, and as shown in FIG. 3, the radiation level of the radio wave when there is no notch 16 is a curve 101, whereas it is a curve 101. When the notch 16 is provided, the radiation level becomes a curve 102, which results in a widening of the radiation angle in the notch direction (longitudinal direction fa).
Further, FIG. 4A shows an electric field distribution when there is no notch 16, and FIG. 4B shows an electric field distribution when there is a notch 16. Even in this electric field distribution, as compared with the case where there is no notch 16. If there is a notch 16, it can be seen that it extends in the longitudinal direction fa.

第1実施例において、切り欠き16の幅(円環方向の幅)は、指向性の角度幅に比例するため、この切り欠き16の幅を調整することにより所望の指向性の放射角度にすることが可能である。 In the first embodiment, the width of the notch 16 (width in the annulus direction) is proportional to the angle width of the directivity. Therefore, the width of the notch 16 is adjusted to obtain a desired directivity radiation angle. It is possible.

図5に、第2実施例のマイクロ波アンテナの構成が示されており、この第2実施例の主な構成は第1実施例と同様で、切り欠きを異なる位置に設けたものである。図2で説明したように、回路基板11に、高周波信号を伝送線路から空間へ放出するための変換部12が形成される。一方、ホーン部23として、平板に形成された貫通孔24とこの貫通孔24を囲むように平板に形成された環状(楕円状)凸体25とが設けられる。 FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the microwave antenna of the second embodiment, and the main configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the notches are provided at different positions. As described with reference to FIG. 2, a conversion unit 12 for emitting a high-frequency signal from a transmission line to space is formed on the circuit board 11. On the other hand, as the horn portion 23, a through hole 24 formed in a flat plate and an annular (elliptical) convex body 25 formed in the flat plate so as to surround the through hole 24 are provided.

そして、上記環状凸体25の中央部横方向(短手方向fb)に沿って、即ちホーン部23のE面に沿って溝状の切り欠き26が形成される。
このような第2実施例のマイクロ波アンテナによれば、放射される電波が2つの切り欠き26から横方向の外側に向かって広がりを持つことになる。
Then, a groove-shaped notch 26 is formed along the central lateral direction (short direction fb) of the annular convex body 25, that is, along the E surface of the horn portion 23.
According to the microwave antenna of the second embodiment as described above, the radiated radio wave spreads laterally outward from the two notches 26.

図6には、上記切り欠き26の有無によるシミュレーションの結果が示されており、図6のように、切り欠き26がない場合の電波の放射レベルは曲線201であるのに対し、切り欠き26を設けた場合の放射レベルは曲線202となり、切り欠き方向(短手方向fb)において放射角度が広がっている。 FIG. 6 shows the result of the simulation with and without the notch 26. As shown in FIG. 6, the radiation level of the radio wave when there is no notch 26 is the curve 201, whereas the notch 26 is shown. The radiation level is curved 202, and the radiation angle is widened in the notch direction (short direction fb).

この第2実施例においても、切り欠き26の幅は指向性の角度幅に比例し、この切り欠き26の幅を調整することにより所望の指向性の放射角度に設定することができる。 Also in this second embodiment, the width of the notch 26 is proportional to the angle width of the directivity, and the width of the notch 26 can be adjusted to set the radiation angle of the desired directivity.

上記実施例では、2つのアンテナを設けた例を説明したが、1つのアンテナで構成してもよく、またホーン部13,23を構成する貫通孔14,24と環状凸体15,25の形状も楕円形ではなく、その他の形状により形成してもよい。
また、実施例では、環状凸体15,25の内側の壁を曲面状になだらかに形成したが、上面位置から平板の位置まで垂直にしてもよく、貫通孔14,24の位置まで斜面(テーパー面)となるようにしてもよい。
In the above embodiment, an example in which two antennas are provided has been described, but one antenna may be used, and the through holes 14 and 24 and the annular convex bodies 15 and 25 constituting the horn portions 13 and 23 may be formed. May be formed by any other shape instead of the elliptical shape.
Further, in the embodiment, the inner wall of the annular convex bodies 15 and 25 is gently formed in a curved surface shape, but it may be vertical from the upper surface position to the flat plate position, and the slope (taper) to the positions of the through holes 14 and 24. It may be a surface).

1…本体、 2…伝送線路-導波管変換部、
3,13,23…ホーン部、 4…誘電体、
11…回路基板、 12…変換部、
14,24…貫通孔、 15,25…環状凸体、
16,26…切り欠き。
1 ... Main body, 2 ... Transmission line-waveguide converter,
3,13,23 ... Horn part, 4 ... Dielectric,
11 ... circuit board, 12 ... converter,
14, 24 ... through holes, 15, 25 ... annular convex bodies,
16, 26 ... Notch.

Claims (2)

高周波信号を伝送線路から空間へ放出するための変換部と、この変換部を配置する貫通孔及びこの貫通孔の外側周囲に形成される環状凸体を有するホーン部とを備え、
上記ホーン部環状凸体の側壁に所定方向の放射角度を広くする指向性を得るための切り欠きを設けたことを特徴とするマイクロ波アンテナ。
A conversion unit for emitting a high-frequency signal from a transmission line to space, a through hole for arranging the conversion unit, and a horn portion having an annular convex body formed around the outer side of the through hole are provided.
A microwave antenna characterized in that the side wall of the annular convex body of the horn portion is provided with a notch for obtaining directivity to widen the radiation angle in a predetermined direction.
上記ホーン部の環状凸体は、上記貫通孔の外側平面の周囲に縦横方向の長さが異なるように形成され、この環状凸体の縦方向又は横方向のいずれかに上記切り欠きを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のマイクロ波アンテナ。 The annular convex body of the horn portion is formed so as to have different lengths in the vertical and horizontal directions around the outer plane of the through hole, and the notch is provided in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction of the annular convex body. The microwave antenna according to claim 1.
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030132888A1 (en) 1998-06-02 2003-07-17 Channel Master Limited Antenna feed and a reflector antenna system and a low noise block (LNB) receiver, both with such an antenna feed
JP2005086343A (en) 2003-09-05 2005-03-31 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc Slot power supply semicircle antenna
JP2006041966A (en) 2004-07-28 2006-02-09 Kyocera Corp High frequency module
US20140125537A1 (en) 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Wistron Neweb Corporation Feed Horn
JP2014207495A (en) 2013-04-10 2014-10-30 パナソニック株式会社 Dielectric loaded antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030132888A1 (en) 1998-06-02 2003-07-17 Channel Master Limited Antenna feed and a reflector antenna system and a low noise block (LNB) receiver, both with such an antenna feed
JP2005086343A (en) 2003-09-05 2005-03-31 Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc Slot power supply semicircle antenna
JP2006041966A (en) 2004-07-28 2006-02-09 Kyocera Corp High frequency module
US20140125537A1 (en) 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Wistron Neweb Corporation Feed Horn
JP2014207495A (en) 2013-04-10 2014-10-30 パナソニック株式会社 Dielectric loaded antenna

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