JP7024943B1 - A device and method for forcibly and individually aspirating and collecting droplets and aerosols in the exhaled breath of a singer, blower or speaker using the power of a local exhaust system. - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the spread of infection more strictly and effectively even when singing, blowing or uttering under the spread of global infection like a new type of coronavirus, and the pressure in a local exhaust device for sucking droplets or the like. Provided are methods and devices for reducing loss to an appropriate value and noise to an appropriate value. SOLUTION: A suction local exhaust device for splashes and the like composed of a suction unit (1), a connection unit (2), a sound reduction unit (3), a blower (4), a collection unit (5) and an exhaust port (6). It is a method and a device for forcibly sucking and collecting the droplets in the exhaled breath of each individual such as a singer at a position where the diffusion range of the droplets is small by using the power of the above. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

The present invention uses the power of a local exhaust device (hereinafter referred to as "suction local exhaust device for droplets, etc.") including a suction unit, a connecting unit, a sound reducing unit, a blower, a collection unit, and an exhaust unit to sing, blow, or perform. Splashes during exhalation of a singer, blower or speaker (hereinafter referred to as "singer, etc.") in order to prevent ingestion of droplets, etc. by persons staying in the same room due to speech (hereinafter referred to as "singing, etc.") And, before the aerosol (hereinafter referred to as "sprays, etc.") spreads over a wide area, it relates to a method of forcibly and individually sucking the droplets, etc. of a singer or the like.

The present invention relates to a device and a method for reducing a pressure loss in a local exhaust device for suction of droplets or the like to an appropriate value and reducing noise to an appropriate value.

In the prior art documents 1 and 2, the conventional device or method for preventing the infection of a person staying in the same room with a virus or the like is described by mechanical exhaust or general ventilation of the room by opening an opening such as a window. , A method of diluting the concentration of droplets in exhaled breath is shown. Patent Document 1 discloses a close contact mask for effectively collecting droplets and the like in exhaled breath. Patent Document 2 discloses a partition that blocks the movement of droplets and the like during exhalation and prevents them from reaching the person facing them. Patent Document 3 discloses an air curtain that prevents a person facing each other from reaching by changing the moving direction of the droplet or the like from the vertical direction of the face to another direction.

Prior Art Document 3 shows that it is difficult to realize the performance of a blower having a large amount of air, a high static pressure, and a small amount of noise.

Prior Art Document 4 shows the appropriate noise level in each scene.

Prior Art Document 5 shows the pressure loss generated in each part of the local exhaust system. In addition, the prior art is the control wind speed of the enclosure type hood listed in the Organic Solvent Poisoning Prevention Regulations, which is the standard of the wind speed required for the suction part opening surface so that it does not leak from the source in the hood toward the entrance of the opening of the hood. It is shown in Document 6.

Prior Art Document 7 shows the minimum value of the pressure loss indicating the collection performance of the medical surgical mask, which is the standard of the performance of the filter required in the collection unit.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-7691 Actual application 2020-2359 (U2020-2359) Actual application 2020-2698 (U2020-2698)

Prior Art Document 1

"About the operation of equipment centered on air conditioning equipment as a countermeasure against new coronavirus infection" (Revised 2nd edition) September 7, 2020 Public Interest Incorporated Association Air Conditioning and Sanitary Engineering Society New Coronavirus Countermeasure Special Committee

Prior Art Document 2

"Restrictions on holding events until the end of November, etc." Secretariat General Manager, Coronavirus Infectious Disease Control Promotion Office, Cabinet Secretariat September 11, 2

Prior Art Document 3

"Basics of ventilation that you want to keep" Beginner's edition ▲ 2 ▼ dl. Mitsubishi Electric. co. jp

Prior Art Document 4

Environmental standards for noise under the Basic Environment Law

Prior Art Document 5

"Easy Bureau Exclusion Design Class" Yuji Numazawa

Prior Art Document 6

Organic Solvent Poisoning Prevention Regulations

Prior Art Document 7

Japan Nonwoven Fabric Association "Voluntary Standards for Mask Filters"
American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM F2100-02

Prior Art Document 8

"Analysis of the protective effect of masks for Tomitake, karaoke, taverns, etc." (Katsuyuki Okawara, October 14, 2020, 06:10)
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Conventionally, in order to prevent the spread of infection, ventilation or wearing a mask has been performed while avoiding three dense (sealed, dense, close). If the infection has not spread worldwide, the infection has been resolved by the conventional method. However, when singing under the global spread of infection, such as the new coronavirus, a more rigorous and effective method for preventing the spread of infection is required. As shown in Prior Art Document 8, the emission range of droplets and the like in each exhaled breath increases with the scattering distance. The problem to be solved by the present invention is that in the method of general ventilation of a room in which an opening such as a mechanical exhaust or a window is opened, as shown in Prior Art Document 1 and Prior Art Document 2, droplets in exhaled air or the like are used. Is diffused downstream of the air flow and may be ingested by those staying downstream in the same room. In addition, since the general ventilation exhausts the air including the air in the place other than the source, the equipment becomes large and the equipment cost and the maintenance cost become large.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that even when the close contact type mask is attached, a gap may be formed depending on the attached state and leakage of droplets or the like may occur. Partitions and air curtains can prevent the ingestion of droplets by people facing each other by blocking or changing the direction of movement of the droplets, but the droplets can diffuse in other directions and can be re-scattered once they have adhered. Because of the nature, it may be ingested by people other than the face-to-face who stay in the same room.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when a mask, partition or air curtain is used, the sound pressure of singing or the like is reduced, and it becomes difficult to distinguish the sound pressure from the surrounding noise and it becomes difficult to hear.

As shown in Prior Art Document 5, pressure loss occurs due to the movement of air in the suction local exhaust device for droplets, etc., and in particular, 39.2 Pascal listed in Prior Art Document 7 is used to collect droplets, etc. at the collection unit. It is necessary to use a filter with the above pressure loss value. Further, depending on the shape of the suction portion or the mounting condition, the turbulent flow generated in the suction local exhaust device such as droplets may cause the droplets or the like to move in the direction opposite to the suction and leak from the inlet of the suction portion. Then, in order to suck and collect the droplets and the like, and to move the air in the local exhaust device for sucking and collecting the droplets and the like, the static pressure of the exhaust port needs to be atmospheric pressure or higher. Further, as shown in Prior Art Document 3, a blower having a large power that can generally increase static pressure or air volume also has a large sound pressure of noise, and therefore, it should be used when noise reduction is also realized at the same time. There is a limit to the static pressure or air volume of the blower that can be made. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to suck and collect the droplets generated in the suction local exhaust device such as droplets without leaking in the direction opposite to the suction under these conditions. It is necessary to achieve a wind speed above a certain level.

Using the power of a suction local exhaust device for droplets, etc., which is composed of a suction unit (1), a connection unit (2), a sound reduction unit (3), a blower (4), a collection unit (5), and an exhaust port (6). Therefore, the droplets in the exhaled breath of each individual such as a singer are forcibly sucked and collected at a position where the diffusion range of the droplets is small.

Make the ratio of the filter area of the collection part appropriate.

The type of filter is a medical surgical non-woven fabric filter listed in Prior Art Document 7.

The shape of the suction portion is an elliptical bottom cone with the long axis of the bottom surface from the chin to between the eyes and the nose and the short axis between points equal to or greater than the width of the face.

Contact signal contacts are provided at two points in the suction part where the jaw and nose are in contact with each other, and an alarm signal is issued.

In order to reduce the volume of the suction local exhaust device such as droplets and increase the area for absorbing sound energy, the sound reduction section is made into a corridor type. In addition, an energy absorber and a sound insulation material that does not cause coincidence are used together for sound reduction.

The exhaust port of the exhaust unit (6) is the outer surface of the filter.

By forcibly and individually inhaling with power at a position including a source with a small divergence and diffusion range, it is possible to effectively inhale droplets, etc. Since it is possible to effectively prevent the ingestion of karaoke, it is possible to reduce the risk of ingestion of droplets, etc. in karaoke, chorus, etc. by multiple people such as live singing.

By using a local exhaust device for suction of droplets, etc. that sucks air containing droplets from a limited area as compared with general ventilation, equipment and maintenance costs can be reduced compared to general ventilation. Therefore, it is possible to effectively capture droplets even in small-scale facilities that cannot provide sufficient general ventilation, and even in large-scale facilities where general ventilation is performed, it can be used in combination with a local exhaust system for suction of droplets, etc. to achieve general ventilation. The cost can be reduced.

The ratio of the filter area of the collection part is made appropriate, the shape of the suction part is conical to reduce air resistance, and the shape of the suction part creates a gap between the face and the suction part. It is possible to reduce the pressure loss in the suction local exhaust device such as droplets.

By using a medical surgical non-woven fabric filter as the type of filter, it is possible to collect droplets and the like, so that viruses and the like attached to the filter can be collected.

Since the shape of the bottom surface of the cone of the suction portion can include the mouth and nose that emits droplets and the like, the suction local exhaust device for the droplets and the like can be used as the enclosed hood described in the preceding document 5.

By reducing the pressure loss in the suction local exhaust device such as droplets, the wind speed at the opening surface of the suction portion can be increased to exceed the control wind speed required for the enclosed hood described in Prior Art Documents 5 and 6.

Since the conical shape of the suction portion can reduce the turbulent flow of air in the suction portion, it is possible to uniformly suck the droplets and the like in the suction portion so that there is no leftover portion.

By the contact signal from the part of the suction part that contacts the jaw and the nose, it is possible to confirm whether the suction part is attached so that the mouth and nose are included in the suction part.

Suction of droplets, etc. The sound pressure of the noise of the blower at the suction unit propagating in the space inside the local exhaust device can be set to 55 dB or less, which is the minimum value of the environmental standard for noise listed in Prior Technical Document 4, and suction of droplets, etc. Since the noise around the local exhaust device can be reduced to 55 dB or less, the noise does not interfere with singing or the like. Since the shape of the suction portion can provide a gap between the face and the suction portion, it is possible to reduce a decrease in volume such as vocalization.

By integrating the exhaust port with the suction local exhaust device such as droplets, it is not necessary to install an exhaust duct, and it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the equipment and an increase in the equipment and maintenance costs.

It is a block diagram of one Example of this invention. It is a suction part in the block diagram of one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the sound reduction part in the block diagram of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a collection part and an exhaust part in the block diagram of one Embodiment of this invention.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The local exhaust device for suction of droplets, etc. of the present invention includes a suction unit (1), a connecting unit (2), a sound reducing unit (3), a blower (4), a collecting unit (5), and an exhaust unit (6). Then, the droplets of the singer or the like can be forcibly sucked and collected individually and individually by using the power of the suction local exhaust device such as the droplets.
FIG. 2 shows a suction portion (1) and a connecting portion (2) in the configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

The suction unit (1) of the present invention is optimally used as an enclosed feed, but when the turbulent airflow outside the feed is small and the control wind speed at the capture point is satisfied, Prior Art Document 5 , 6 can be used as an external hood.

The suction portion (1) of the present invention is optimally in the shape of an elliptical bottom elliptical cone, but may be other than that as long as it can include the mouth and nose, has a gap between the suction portion (1) and the face, and has a shape with low air resistance. .. A transparent material is optimal, but a colored material may be used if the sound reduction effect is small. It is optimal to provide the suction part (1) with two contact points for contact signals, the part that contacts the jaw and nose of the suction part, but the suction part is included so that the mouth and nose are included in the suction part. The location or number of contacts may be other than that, as long as it can be confirmed that they are attached. The microphone attachment port is always closed, but when using the microphone, open it and attach the microphone. The number of the suction portion (1) and the connecting portion (2) may be a plurality as long as the suction air volume at the suction portion can be increased.
FIG. 3 is a sound reduction section (3) in the configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

In the sound reducing section (3) of the present invention, it is optimal that the blower (4) and the corridor are triple-enclosed with a casing material, a sound absorbing material and a sound insulating material. If the sound pressure of noise of 55 dB or less is realized in the surroundings, it may be other than triple. The optimum corridor is single, but it may be other than single in order to realize a sound pressure of noise of 55 dB or less around the suction portion (1) and the suction local exhaust device such as droplets.
FIG. 4 shows a collection unit (5) and an exhaust unit (6) in the configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

It is optimal that the collecting portion (5) of the present invention is composed of a filter portion and a casing portion. To increase the ratio of the filter part, change the casing part to the filter part. The most suitable type of filter is a medical surgical non-woven fabric mask, but a collecting material or device such as a filter having the same or higher collecting performance can be used. It is optimal that the exhaust port of the exhaust section (6) is on the outer surface of the filter in order to prevent the equipment from becoming larger and the equipment and maintenance costs from increasing due to the installation of the exhaust duct. It may be installed separately, or it may be installed outdoors through an exhaust duct.

The suction unit (1) captures the air containing droplets, etc., the connecting unit (2) conveys the air, the sound reduction unit (3) reduces the sound, and the exhaust fan (4) gives energy to the air containing the droplets, etc. , The collecting part (5) collects the droplets and the like, and the exhaust port (6) exhausts the air.

Claims (1)

In order to prevent the ingestion of droplets by those who stay in the same room as the singer, the suction part of the local exhaust device for suction of droplets, etc. forcibly causes the singer's droplets, etc. A method of suctioning and collecting for each individual.

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