JP7022970B1 - Ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ship provided with a superstructure arranged so as to surround a funnel, in which noise and vibration in a residential area can be easily reduced as compared with the prior art. A ship according to the present invention includes a superstructure arranged so as to surround a funnel from three sides, a bow side, a starboard side, and a port side. The living quarters included in this superstructure are substantially separated from the funnel so that noise and vibration generated from the main engine and the like in the engine room do not propagate in the material from the funnel to the living quarters. That is, the floor plate 135 constituting the floor of the living area and the passage R around it is not connected to the funnel 12, but is connected to the funnel 12 and the wall body 133 separated by the space S. [Selection diagram] FIG. 5

Description

The present invention relates to the structure of a ship.

In many ships such as cargo ships, a residential area is located near the engine room in order to secure a space for cargo handling in the upper part of the hold.

Further, in many ships such as cargo ships, a funnel, which is a tubular structure covering an exhaust pipe that guides exhaust from the engine room to the outside of the ship, is arranged so as to penetrate the upper deck.

Due to its role, the funnel will inevitably be placed near the engine room. Therefore, in many ships such as cargo ships, the living quarters are arranged so as to surround the funnel.

For example, Patent Document 1 is a patent document that describes a ship in which a living area is arranged so as to surround a funnel. In Patent Document 1, a ship having an "L" -shaped living area arranged so as to surround the bow side and starboard side of the funnel, and a ship arranged so as to surround the bow side, starboard side and port side of the funnel. A ship (conventional technique) having a "U" -shaped living quarter is described.

Jitsukaisho 60-184799 Gazette

In order to secure a comfortable living environment for seafarers, it is desired to reduce noise and vibration in the living quarters of ships.

In a ship in which a living area is arranged so as to surround the funnel, such as the ship described in Patent Document 1, noise and vibration generated in the engine room propagate to the living area through the funnel. Therefore, noise and vibration in the living quarters are reduced by taking measures such as attaching soundproofing and vibration-proofing materials to the floors and walls of the living quarters.

However, if the noise and vibration generated in the engine room are large, the noise and vibration in the living quarters may not be sufficiently reduced unless a large amount of soundproofing and vibration-proofing material is used. Further, even if a large amount of soundproofing and vibration-proofing material is used, noise and vibration in the living area may not be sufficiently reduced.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a ship provided with a superstructure arranged so as to surround the funnel, in which noise and vibration in a residential area can be easily reduced as compared with the prior art.

The present invention comprises a funnel, which is at least partly above the upper deck and is a tubular structure covering an exhaust pipe that guides exhaust from the engine room to the outboard, and on the upper deck, the funnel. It includes a superstructure arranged so as to surround at least a part of the portion above the upper deck from the ship's side, starboard side and port side, and the superstructure is a structure that defines a living space. A non-residential structure that is provided on the stern side of the block and on the port side and starboard side of the funnel, respectively, and defines a non-residential accommodation space. The block and the funnel are separated by a space, and the non-residential area proposes a ship directly connected above the upper deck of the funnel as a first aspect.

In the ship according to the first aspect, the funnel and the living area are separated by a space. Therefore, the noise and vibration generated in the engine room and propagated by the funnel are compared with the case where the funnel and the living quarter are directly connected by a member such as the floor of the passage provided between the funnel and the living quarter. Is difficult to propagate to the residential area. In addition, the funnel is supported and stabilized by the non-residential area.

In the ship according to the first aspect, the bow side edge of the funnel as seen from the side is inclined so as to be higher from the bow side toward the stern side, and the portion opened on the upper side of the funnel is open. , Located on the stern side of the engine room, at least a part of the superstructure is located directly above the engine room, on the bow side of the superstructure, and an intake port for taking in outside air into the engine room. May be adopted as the second aspect.

According to the ship according to the second aspect, the upper floors are farther away from the funnel. Therefore,
The higher the floor, the less noise and vibration in the living quarters. Further , as compared with the case where an intake pipe for taking in outside air is provided in the engine room so as to penetrate the living area, noise and vibration due to intake are less likely to propagate to the living area.

A schematic view of a ship according to an embodiment as viewed from the starboard side. The figure for demonstrating the role of the funnel provided in the ship which concerns on one Embodiment. A plan view showing the positional relationship between each layer of the superstructure provided by the ship according to the embodiment and the funnel. The figure which schematically showed the structure of the 2nd layer of the superstructure provided by the ship which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which showed typically the appearance that the funnel and the living area are separated in the ship which concerns on one Embodiment. The figure which showed typically the state that the funnel and the non-residential area are connected in the ship which concerns on one Embodiment. A diagram for explaining that a non-residential area plays a role of supporting a funnel in a ship according to an embodiment. A figure schematically showing how the funnel and the living quarters are substantially separated in the ship according to the modified example. The figure which schematically showed the structure of the 2nd layer of the superstructure provided in the ship which concerns on one modification.

[Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the ship 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present application, the term "up and down" means up and down in a state where the ship is floating on the water in a normal posture.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a ship 1 viewed from the starboard side. In addition to the components shown in FIG. 1, the ship 1 has a screw, a rudder, and other components, but those components that are not important in the description of the present invention are not shown.

The ship 1 includes a hull 11, a funnel 12 which is a tubular structure arranged so as to project upward from an upper deck 112 which communicates with an engine chamber 111 provided in the hull 11 and covers the upper surface of the hull 11. The upper structure 13 including the living quarters arranged so as to surround a part of the funnel 12 from the bow side, starboard side and port side, and above the upper structure 13 on the upper deck 112 communicating with the engine room 111 on the bow side. An intake port structure 14 forming an intake port that opens forward is provided.

In the present application, the residential area means a structure that defines a space (hereinafter referred to as a residential space) mainly used by seafarers and the like for living among the superstructure.

The ship 1 is, for example, a cargo ship, and most of the inside of the hull 11 is occupied by the hold 113. The engine room 111 is arranged near the stern end in order to secure a large hold 113.

An opening for loading and unloading cargo to and from the hold 113 is provided in the area of the upper deck 112 directly above the hold 113, and the opening is covered with a hatch cover. A crane for cargo handling may be installed in a portion of the upper deck 112 directly above the hold 113 that is not open.

As described above, since the area of the upper deck 112 directly above the hold 113 is occupied by the structure for cargo handling, the superstructure including the residential area cannot be arranged in that area. Therefore, the superstructure 13 is arranged in the area directly above the engine room 111.

The funnel 12 ships from the engine room 111 the gas discharged by the main engine (main engine), auxiliary machines (boiler, generator, etc.) arranged in the engine room 111 during operation (hereinafter, the gas is referred to as exhaust). It is a tubular structure that covers the exhaust pipe leading to the outside, and is open to the engine room 111 on the lower side and to the external space on the upper side.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the role of the funnel 12. FIG. 2 shows an engine room 111, an intake port structure 14 for taking in outside air into the engine room 111, a funnel 12, a main engine 15, a right-side generator 16R, a left-side generator 16L, and a boiler arranged in the engine room 111. 17 is a three-dimensional diagram showing an exhaust pipe that guides the exhaust discharged from those devices to the outside of the ship. Although the exhaust pipe actually reaches the opening on the upper side of the funnel 12, a part of the exhaust pipe is not shown in FIG.

The intake port structure 14 covers the upper side of the intake opening (intake port) provided at a position closer to the bow side upper structure 13 than the upper deck 112 upper structure 13 (see FIG. 1), and covers the upper side from the front to the rear. It is a hood arranged to guide the air flowing to the engine room 111. A fan (not shown) for forcibly taking in outside air into the engine room 111 is arranged in the vicinity of the intake port structure 14.

The funnel 12 plays a role of protecting the exhaust pipe extending from the engine room 111 above the upper deck 112 from wind waves and the like, and discharges the air flowing from the intake port structure 14 into the engine room 111 from the upper opening. As a result, the heat generated in the engine room 111 is released to the outside of the ship, and the temperature of the main engine or the like in the engine room 111 is lowered.

That is, a V-shaped air flow is generated in the engine room 111, as shown by the arrow X of the ship breakage in FIG.

Many of the same type of vessels related to the conventional technology adopt a structure in which air is taken into the engine room from the intake port provided around the funnel on the upper surface of the living quarter and the air is discharged from the opening on the upper side of the funnel. ing. In this case, the air flow passing through the engine chamber draws a U-shape, and intake by a powerful fan is required. Therefore, the noise and vibration generated by the fan are also large. On the other hand, in the ship 1, since the air flow passing through the engine room 111 draws a V shape with less resistance, the required fan output is smaller and noise and vibration are reduced as compared with the ship according to the prior art. Will be done. Further, in the ship 1, since the position of the fan is far from the living area as compared with the ship according to the prior art, the noise and vibration generated by the fan and propagated to the living area are reduced.

In order to generate the above-mentioned V-shaped air flow, the funnel 12 is inclined so that substantially the entire side surface on the bow side is located on the stern side toward the top. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the shape of the funnel 12 is designed so that the side surface of the bow of the funnel 12 draws a line from the lower right to the upper left when viewed from the starboard side.

As described above, since the shape of the funnel 12 is inclined so that the side surface of the bow goes down to the bow side (or goes up to the stern side), the living quarters included in the superstructure 13 are arranged in the upper layer. The more you move away from the funnel 12. Therefore, in the portion of the residential area arranged in the upper layer, noise and vibration propagating from the engine room 111 via the funnel 12 are reduced.

In the ship 1 illustrated in FIG. 1, the superstructure 13 has a five-layer hierarchical structure. Hereinafter, these five layers are referred to as a first layer, a second layer, ..., A fifth layer from the bottom. The first to fourth layers are mainly occupied by residential areas. The fifth layer is the layer where the wheelhouse is arranged, but part of it is a residential area.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the positional relationship between each of the first to fifth layers of the superstructure 13 and the funnel 12. FIGS. 3 (A) to 3 (E) correspond to the first layer to the fifth layer, respectively. The positions of the funnels 12 in FIGS. 3A to 3E indicate the positions at the heights of the broken lines A to E in FIG. 1, respectively.

Further, FIGS. 3A to 3E show areas occupied by the residential area 131, the non-residential area 132, the wheelhouse 130, and the passage R in the superstructure 13. The living area 131 is a structure of a portion of the superstructure 13 that defines a living space. The non-residential area 132 is a structure such as a warehouse, a dining room, a shower room, and stairs.

FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the second layer of the superstructure 13. The funnel 12 includes a main body 121 which is a tubular component made of metal or the like, and a heat insulating material 122 attached to the main body 121 so as to cover the inside of the main body 121.

In the present embodiment, a part of the residential area 131 arranged in the first layer to the third layer of the superstructure 13 is close to the funnel 12 with the passage R in between. Noise and vibration generated in the engine room 111 propagate to the funnel 12. Many of the ships of the same type according to the prior art employ a structure in which the floorboards of each level are directly connected to the funnel. Therefore, the noise and vibration generated in the engine room propagate to the living quarters through the funnel and the floorboard. As described above, the noise and vibration propagating in the material are less effective in reducing the noise and vibration propagating in the air than the noise and vibration propagating in the air and penetrating the wall and the like. Therefore, even if the soundproofing and vibration-proofing material is placed on the floor or wall of the living area, there is a limit to the effect of reducing noise and vibration.

As a countermeasure against the above problem, the ship 1 adopts a configuration in which the block B (the shaded portion in FIG. 4) including the residential area 131 of the superstructure 13 is separated from the funnel 12. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing how the funnel 12 and the block B of the superstructure 13 are separated in the ship 1. FIG. 5 shows a cross section when the portion indicated by the broken line P in FIG. 4 is cut in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the example of the second layer, the block B of the superstructure 13 and the funnel 12 are separated by a space S. Therefore, noise and vibration do not propagate in the material from the funnel 12 to the living quarters 131 through the floor plate 135 (see arrow N1 in FIG. 4).

The wall body 133 of the block B has a role of supporting the floor plate 135, a role of preventing the inflow of wind and rain from the outside into the living area 131, and a role of blocking heat from the funnel 12 to the living area 131, etc., and also from the funnel 12. It also plays a role of reflecting or absorbing a part of noise and vibration propagating in the air toward the living area 131 and the like. Therefore, a material having soundproofing and vibration-proofing performance may be used for the wall body 133.

As shown in FIG. 5, a space for a passage R is provided between the wall body 1311 and the wall body 133 that separate the living space T of the living area 131 from the external space. As described above, since the living area 131 is separated from the funnel 12, the noise and vibration propagating from the funnel 12 to the living area 131 are further reduced.

The second layer of the superstructure 13 is provided with a non-residential zone 132L and a non-residential zone 132R on the port side and starboard side on the stern side of the block B. The non-residential areas 132L and 132R accommodate various devices that generate noise and vibration but do not need to be arranged in the residential area 131, such as pumps, generators, and parts of air conditioning equipment.

Unlike the block B, the non-residential areas 132L and 132R are connected to the funnel 12. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing how the funnel 12 and the non-residential areas 132L and 132R are connected. FIG. 6 shows a cross section when the portion indicated by the broken line Q in FIG. 4 is cut in the vertical direction. The wall body 139 is a wall body installed in accordance with the rules when an emergency generator is arranged in the accommodation space U, and constitutes a double wall together with the funnel 12. Therefore, if the emergency generator is not arranged in the accommodation space U, the wall body 139 may not be provided.

As shown in FIG. 6, the floor plates 136 constituting the floors of the non-residential areas 132L and 132R are directly connected to the main body 121 of the funnel 12. Therefore, in the accommodation space U in the non-residential areas 132L and 132R, in addition to the noise and vibration propagating in the air from the funnel 12, the noise and vibration propagating in the material from the funnel 12 to the floor plate 136 are generated. Since the accommodation space U in the non-residential areas 132L and 132R is not a space where seafarers stay for a long time, there is no problem even if their noise and vibration occur.

The floor plate 136 constituting the floors of the non-residential areas 132L and 132R is separated from the floor plate 135 constituting the floor of the passage R of the block B. Therefore, noise and vibration do not propagate in the material from the funnel 12 to the living quarters 131 through the floor plate 136 (see arrow N2 in FIG. 4).

The non-residential areas 132L and 132R play a role of supporting the funnel 12 by being connected to the funnel 12. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining that the non-residential areas 132L and 132R play a role of supporting the funnel 12. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the funnel 12 and the superstructure 13 as seen from the stern side.

In a ship of the same type according to the prior art, a superstructure including a living area arranged so as to surround the funnel is connected to the funnel at a portion in contact with the funnel. As a result, the superstructure serves to support the funnel.

On the other hand, in the ship 1 according to the present embodiment, the block B including the living area 131 is separated from the funnel 12. Therefore, if the non-residential areas 132L and 132R are not connected to the funnel 12, the funnel 12 will be supported only by the connecting portion with the upper deck 112. Therefore, when the funnel 12 receives a strong wind, the wind pressure tends to cause sway.

However, in ship 1, since the funnel 12 is connected to the non-residential areas 132L and 132R at the portion shown by the thick line in FIG. 8, the non-residential areas 132L and 132R play a role of supporting the funnel 12 from the port side and the starboard side. Fulfill. Therefore, even if the funnel 12 receives wind pressure, it is unlikely that a large sway will occur.

[Modification example]
The embodiments described above may be variously modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. An example of these modifications is shown below. In addition, two or more of the following modifications may be combined as appropriate.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, the block B of the superstructure 13 is completely separated from the funnel 12. That is, nothing is arranged in the space S between the funnel 12 and the wall body 133. However, the funnel 12 and the block B need only be substantially separated, and may not be completely separated. Substantially separated means that the funnel 12 and the block B are not limited to the state where the funnel 12 and the block B are completely separated, and the funnel 12 and the block B are each independent regardless of the other. Therefore, even if an object is arranged in the space S and the object is connected to the funnel 12 and the block B, the connection is weak and the object propagates in the material from the funnel 12 to the living area 131 via the object. Noise and vibration are small.

FIG. 8 shows a cross section when the portion shown by the broken line P in FIG. 4 is cut in the vertical direction with respect to an example in which the funnel and the block B are not completely separated but are substantially separated.

In the example of FIG. 8, the cushioning member 134 is arranged in a part of the space S. The cushioning member 134 is arranged to reduce the shaking of the funnel 12 and the block B, which are independently independent of each other, when they are shaken individually by receiving wind or the like. The cushioning member 134 is, for example, a hollow member made of rubber, but the material, shape, and the like thereof are not limited to those exemplified in FIG. For example, a metal spring (string winding spring, leaf spring, etc.) may be used as the cushioning member 134.

One side surface of the cushioning member 134 is connected to the funnel 12 by adhesion or the like, and the other side surface of the cushioning member 134 is connected to the wall body 133 of the block B by adhesion or the like. As a result, the funnel 12 and the block B are connected via the cushioning member 134. However, even if the cushioning member 134 is removed, the funnel 12 and the block B can stand on their own. In this case, the funnel 12 and the block B are substantially separated.

In order to reduce noise and vibration propagating from the funnel 12 to the living area 131 via the cushioning member 134, a material having soundproofing and vibration-proofing performance may be used for the cushioning member 134. For example, by using a porous body for at least a part of the cushioning member 134, noise and vibration propagating in the material from the funnel 12 to the wall body 133 can be reduced.

Further, in addition to or in place of the cushioning member 134, an object such as a soundproofing / vibration-proofing material or a heat insulating material may be arranged in the space S.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the superstructure 13 is arranged so as to surround the funnel 12 from three sides, the bow side, the starboard side, and the port side. The positional relationship between the superstructure 13 and the funnel 12 is not limited to this. For example, the superstructure 13 may be arranged so as to surround the funnel 12 from both the bow side and the starboard side (or port side).

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the superstructure 13 is composed of five layers, the block B including the residential area 131 is arranged in the first to fifth layers, and the block B is separated from the block B in the second layer. Non-residential areas 132L and 132R are arranged. The number of layers included in the superstructure 13, the floor plan in each layer, and the like may be changed in various ways.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, the floor plate 136 constituting the floors of the non-residential areas 132L and 132R and the floor plate 135 constituting the floor of the passage R of the block B are separated. Instead of this, the floor plate 136 and the floor plate 135 may be connected.

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the second layer of the superstructure 13 according to this modification. In the superstructure 13 exemplified in FIG. 9, as shown by the arrow N3, noise and vibration propagate in the material from the funnel 12 through the floor plate 136 and the floor plate 135 to the living quarters 131, but the propagation distance is long. , Noise and vibration reaching the living quarters 131 are reduced.

(5) In the description of the above-described embodiment, it is assumed that the ship 1 is a cargo ship, but the type of the ship 1 is not limited to the cargo ship.

1 ... ship, 11 ... hull, 12 ... funnel, 13 ... superstructure, 14 ... intake port structure, 15 ... main engine, 16R ... starboard generator, 16L ... port generator, 17 ... boiler, 111 ... engine room, 112 ... upper deck, 113 ... hold, 121 ... main body, 122 ... heat insulating material, 130 ... wheelhouse, 131 ... residential area, 132 ... non-residential area, 133 ... wall body, 134 ... cushioning member, 135 ... floor plate, 136 ... Floor board, 139 ... wall body, 1311 ... wall body.

Claims (2)

A funnel, which is a tubular structure that covers at least a part of the exhaust pipe that is located above the upper deck and guides the exhaust from the engine room to the outboard.
On the upper deck is provided with a superstructure arranged so as to surround at least a part of the funnel above the upper deck from the bow side, starboard side and port side .
The superstructure is a block including a living area that defines a living space, and a structure provided on the stern side of the block and on the port side and starboard side of the funnel, respectively. Has a non-residential area, which is a structure that defines a non-residential accommodation space.
The block and the funnel are separated by a space,
The non-residential area is directly connected above the upper deck of the funnel.
Ship. The bow side edge of the funnel seen from the side is inclined so as to be higher from the bow side toward the stern side.
The portion that is open on the upper side of the funnel is located on the stern side of the engine room.
At least a portion of the superstructure is located directly above the engine room.
The ship according to claim 1 , wherein the ship is provided with an intake port for taking in outside air into the engine room on the bow side of the superstructure.

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