JP7017424B2 - Wind sorting device and wind sorting method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a wind power sorting device and a wind power sorting method, and particularly to a wind power sorting device and a wind power sorting method suitable for recycling of used electronic / electrical equipment.

A wind power sorting device and a wind power sorting method for sorting a lightweight object and a heavy object from among the objects to be sorted by wind power are known. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-202436 describes mixed waste at the end of a supply unit that supplies mixed waste in a wind power sorting device that wind-sorts mixed waste containing a plurality of wastes having different weights. A wind sorting device with a support for supporting the wind turbine is described.

According to the wind power sorting apparatus described in Patent Document 1, when waste is thrown from the supply part into the wind tunnel part, the lightweight object is supported by the tooth part, so that the upward air passing through the gap between the tooth parts is used. It is stated that the time for the current to hit the lightweight object can be extended and the lightweight object can be sufficiently pushed upward.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-202436

However, the tooth portion provided on the support portion described in Patent Document 1 has a shape that tapers from the end portion of the supply portion toward the supply direction, and the gap between the tooth portions is the end portion of the supply portion. It has a shape that widens toward the supply direction. Therefore, the lightweight material supplied on the support portion receives a non-uniform air flow from the gap, and the selection may not be performed well depending on the type of the lightweight material.

In particular, when electronic / electrical equipment component waste is targeted for processing, the electronic / electrical equipment component waste includes not only plate-like objects such as ICs and substrates, but also linear objects such as coated wires and copper wires, and capacitors. Due to the inclusion of parts of various shapes, sorting is more difficult than general waste.

Furthermore, as a result of the examination by the present inventors, even if the IC has the same shape, volume and specific gravity among the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps, the air resistance changes greatly depending on the direction in which the wind hits, and the separation accuracy is poor. It turned out that it may become. Further, when the support portion as described in Patent Document 1 is used for the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps including such various shapes, a part of the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps is caught on the tooth portion. It turned out that there is a problem that the sorting efficiency cannot be improved.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a wind power sorting device and a wind power sorting method capable of more efficiently wind-sorting electronic / electrical equipment component scraps including plate-like objects such as substrates and ICs.

As a result of diligent studies by the present inventors in order to solve the above problems, the airflow for diffusing the plate-like material in the diffusion chamber is made evenly in the direction perpendicular to the lower surface of the plate-like material from the lower surface of the plate-like material. It has been found that it is effective to arrange a guide portion having an appropriate shape and inclination angle so as to make contact with each other.

The present invention completed based on the above findings is, on one aspect, a wind power sorting device that sorts plate-shaped objects contained in electronic / electrical equipment component scraps to the lightweight object side by wind power sorting, and the plate-shaped objects are selected as an air flow. From the end of the supply unit to the diffusion chamber, the diffusion chamber that diffuses inside using Provided is a wind power sorting device including a guide portion arranged so as to make the air flow evenly contact in the vertical direction from the lower surface of the plate-shaped object to the lower surface of the plate-shaped object.

In the present invention, the "plate-shaped material" is not particularly limited as long as it is a plate-shaped member, and examples thereof include ICs, substrate scraps such as substrates, plastic plates, metal plates, and the like. Although not limited to the following, typically, a plate-shaped member having a surface area of 100 mm ² or more and a thickness of 1 mm or more can be preferably used. Specifically, a plate having a thickness of about 5 mm with respect to a 10 mm square plate, that is, an area having an area of 20 times or more the thickness is referred to as a plate-like material.

In one embodiment of the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the guide portion includes a plurality of protrusions protruding from the terminal side of the supply unit into the diffusion chamber, and the protrusions are directed in the supply direction from the terminal side of the supply unit. The thickness is formed to be uniform, and spaces for allowing the airflow to come into contact with the plate-like object are provided between the protrusions, and the width of the space is from the terminal side of the supply portion toward the supply direction. It is formed to be uniform.

In another embodiment, the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention has a curved surface at least on the lower surface of the protrusion.

In still another embodiment, the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention has a length from the terminal end side of the supply portion of the guide portion to the tip end side of the diffusion chamber, which is at least half the average diameter of the plate-shaped object. ..

In still another embodiment, the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle of the guide portion so that the airflow comes into vertical contact with the lower surface of the plate-shaped object.

In still another embodiment, the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention includes bringing an air flow having a wind speed of 7 to 20 m / s into contact with the lower surface of a plate-shaped object.

In still another embodiment of the wind power sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the plate-like material contains substrate waste.

In another aspect, the present invention is a wind power sorting method for sorting plate-shaped materials contained in electronic / electrical equipment parts waste to the lightweight material side by wind power sorting, and is a supply unit for supplying electronic / electrical equipment parts waste. In, while giving vibration to the electronic / electrical equipment component waste, the electronic / electrical equipment component waste is supplied to the diffusion chamber where the wind power is sorted, and an air flow is generated in the diffusion chamber to separate the plate-like material to the lightweight object side. In addition, in the guide section extending from the end of the supply section to the diffusion chamber, the air flow is evenly contacted from the lower surface of the plate-shaped object to the lower surface of the plate-shaped object in the vertical direction to make the plate-shaped object a lightweight object. Wind sorting methods are provided, including sorting to the side.

According to the present invention, the present invention can provide a wind power sorting device and a wind power sorting method capable of more efficiently wind-sorting electronic / electrical equipment component scraps including plate-like objects such as substrates and ICs.

It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the wind power sorting apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the wind power sorting apparatus around the guide part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view when the guide part which concerns on embodiment of this invention is seen from the diffusion chamber side. It is a side view of the wind power sorting apparatus around the guide part which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the wind power sorting apparatus around the guide part which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The "electronic / electrical equipment component waste" in the embodiment of the present invention is waste crushed electronic / electrical equipment such as waste home appliances, PCs and mobile phones, and is crushed to an appropriate size after being collected. Refers to what was done. In the present invention, the crushing for making electronic / electrical equipment parts waste may be performed by the processor himself, or may be crushed in the market and purchased.

The crushing method is not limited to a specific device and may be a shearing method or an impact method, but crushing that does not impair the shape of the part is desirable as much as possible. Therefore, equipment belonging to the category of crushers intended for fine crushing is not included.

Although not limited to the following, in the present embodiment, the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps are preferably crushed to a maximum diameter of about 100 mm or less. Further, it is preferable that the raw materials of the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps according to the present embodiment are roughly crushed in advance to be separated into simple substances in the form of capacitors, plastics, substrates, wire scraps, ICs, connectors, metals and the like. This makes it easier to sort the plate-shaped material 10 by the wind power sorting device described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a diffusion chamber 1, a blower 2 for generating an air flow in the diffusion chamber 1, and a plate-shaped object 10 in the diffusion chamber 1. A supply unit 3 for supplying an object, a guide unit 4 extending from the end of the supply unit 3 on the diffusion chamber 1 side into the diffusion chamber 1, and a heavy object provided below the supply unit 3 of the diffusion chamber 1. A collection unit 5 and a lightweight material collection unit 6 provided below the diffusion chamber 1 on the back side in the supply direction of the sorting object are provided. An exhaust unit 7 for exhausting the air inside the diffusion chamber 1 to the outside is provided in the upper part of the diffusion chamber 1.

In the diffusion chamber 1, the air blown from the blower 2 creates an air flow indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. In the wind power sorting device of FIG. 1, an oblique downward airflow is formed from the blower 2 toward the heavy object recovery unit 5, and an upward airflow is formed from the heavy object collection unit 5 toward the upper side of the guide unit 4. A lateral airflow flowing from the supply port in the supply direction is formed above the diffusion chamber 1, and a downward airflow flowing from above the diffusion chamber 1 toward the lightweight material collection unit 6 is formed.

Although an example is shown in which the blower 2 is arranged near the central portion of the diffusion chamber 1, the position of the blower 2 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1, and the position of the blower 2 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. Any aspect may be used as long as the heavy object and the lightweight object in the object to be sorted can be sorted by the wind force by bringing the upward airflow into contact with the object.

The object to be sorted is supplied from the input port of the supply unit 3 and is supplied to the guide unit 4 protruding into the diffusion chamber 1 while being vibrated by the vibrating member 3a. The object to be sorted comes into contact with the upward airflow from below the guide portion 4 in the guide portion 4. Due to this air flow, the lightweight material is blown up above the guide unit 4 and diffuses into the diffusion chamber 1 and falls to the lightweight material collection unit 6 side on the back side in the supply direction. A heavy object having a gravity larger than that of the upward airflow supplied to the guide unit 4 falls below the guide unit 4 and is collected by the heavy object collection unit 5. The dotted arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of heavy and lightweight objects, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, the guide portion 4 has a comb shape, and is connected to the base portion 4a connected to the terminal 3A of the supply unit 3 by welding or screwing, and to the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3. A plurality of protrusions 4b protruding from the base 4a into the diffusion chamber 1 are provided. Each of the protrusions 4b is formed so that its thickness (width) W1 becomes uniform from the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3 toward the supply direction X. Since it is desirable that the plate-shaped object comes into contact with the air flow as much as possible from the time when the tip thereof jumps out from the terminal 3A side of the supply portion 3, it is desirable that the protrusion has a uniform thickness.
Spaces 4c for bringing the airflow passing through the guide portion 4 into contact with the sorting object are provided between the protrusions 4b, and the width W2 of each space 4c is from the terminal 3A side of the supply portion 3. It is formed so as to be uniform toward the supply direction X. By having such a shape, more wind can be blown to the object to be sorted and a more uniform air flow can be brought into contact with the object, so that the object can be pushed upward regardless of the type of lightweight object. Can be made easier.

As shown in FIG. 3, it is preferable that at least the lower surface 41b of the protrusion 4b has a curved surface. As a result, the air resistance of the guide portion 4 to the upward airflow flowing from below the guide portion 4 becomes smaller, and the sorting efficiency of the plate-shaped object 10 according to the present embodiment is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the lower surface 41b of the protrusion 4b has a curved surface, and the upper surface 42b of the protrusion 4b in contact with the object to be sorted has a flat surface. By having such a shape, the object to be sorted can be smoothly supplied on the upper surface 42b of the protrusion 4b without being caught, and the contact resistance of the protrusion 4b to the upward airflow flowing from the lower side to the upper side of the protrusion 4b can be reduced. Therefore, the airflow can be brought into contact with the plate-shaped object 10 according to the present embodiment more efficiently. In addition to the example shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 4b may have a rod shape having curved surfaces on both the upper surface 42b and the lower surface 41b, for example. An inverted triangle may be used for the purpose of being able to smoothly supply and efficiently contact the airflow.

The thickness W1 of the protrusion 4b and the width W2 of the space are smaller than the average diameter D2 of the minor axis of the plate-shaped object 10 so that the plate-shaped object 10 to be sorted does not fall from the guide portion 4. It is preferable to set it.

The length L (see FIG. 2) from the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3 of the guide unit 4 to the tip end side of the diffusion chamber 1 is an average diameter D1 or D2, preferably a major diameter of the plate-shaped object 10 to be sorted. It preferably has a length of half or more, more preferably two-thirds or more of the average diameter D1. The width L of the guide unit 4 can be the same as the width of the supply unit 3.

By setting the length L of the guide portion 4 to be at least half the average diameter D1 or D2 of the plate-shaped object 10, preferably half or more of the average diameter D1 of the major axis, the upward flow from below the guide portion 4 is sufficient for the plate-shaped object 10. The plate-shaped object 10 can be more reliably raised above the guide portion 4 and diffused toward the lightweight object collecting portion 6 side. If the length L is longer than necessary, heavy objects such as metal to be transferred to the weight side may be clogged in the space 4c, so it is preferable that the length L is twice or less the average diameter D1 of the major axis of the plate-shaped object. ..

The average diameters D1 and D2 of the plate-shaped material 10 are the average of the major diameter side and the minor diameter side of the extracted 10 plate-shaped material 10 by extracting arbitrary 10 points of the plate-shaped material 10 in the selection target. Calculate the diameter. This is repeated 5 times, and the average value of 5 times is shown.

Specifically, the thickness W1 of the protrusion 4b can be 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and the width W2 of the space 4c is 1 to 20 mm, although not limited to the following. It can be preferably 2 to 5 mm. The length L of the guide portion 4 can be 25 to 100 mm, preferably 40 to 70 mm.

As shown in FIG. 4, the guide portion 4 causes the air flow flowing from the lower side to the upper side of the guide portion 4 with respect to the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 mounted on the protrusion 4b of the guide portion 4. It is arranged so as to be in contact with the lower surface 10A of the 10 in the vertical direction.

By arranging the guide portion 4 so as to bring the airflow into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 in the vertical direction, the force of the upward flow due to the airflow acting on the plate-shaped object 10 can be maximized. The air resistance can be adjusted uniformly and to the maximum along the supply direction of the guide portion 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, an adjusting mechanism 4d for adjusting the angle of the guide portion 4 may be provided so that the airflow comes into contact with the lower surface of the plate-shaped object 10 in the vertical direction. As a result, even when the supply unit 3 has an inclination, the airflow flowing from the lower side to the upper side of the guide unit 4 can be brought into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 in the vertical direction.

The heavy object recovery unit 5 and the lightweight object recovery unit 6 can be configured by a generally available discharge rotor or the like, and the specific configuration is not particularly limited. Further, the air blown from the blower 2 brings an air flow having a wind speed of 7 to 20 m / s, more preferably 13 to 17 m / s, to the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 to form a plate from electronic / electrical component scraps. The thing 10 can be sorted by wind more efficiently.

As described above, according to the wind power sorting device and the wind power sorting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the guide unit 4, an air flow is provided in the plate-shaped object 10 in the electronic / electrical equipment component waste, which is the object to be sorted. Can be contacted efficiently. As a result, the plate-shaped material 10 whose air resistance greatly changes depending on the direction of contact with the wind can be more efficiently sorted to the lightweight material side (inside the lightweight material recovery unit 6).

When general waste as described in Patent Document 1 is to be sorted, it is necessary to increase the strength of the comb teeth in order to process relatively heavy raw materials such as rubble. On the other hand, according to the wind power sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, since a raw material that is lighter than waste such as electronic / electrical equipment parts waste is processed, the strength of the comb teeth does not need to be so high, and air is used. Various metal materials that give priority to resistance can be used.

Examples of the present invention are shown below together with comparative examples, but these examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and its advantages, and are not intended to limit the invention.

When performing wind power sorting using a wind power sorting device as shown in FIG. 1 for electronic / electrical equipment component scraps including plate-shaped objects such as substrates and ICs, the case where the guide portion according to this embodiment is attached and the case where the guide portion is attached. When observing the separated state of the plate-like material with and without it, by attaching the guide part, the plate-like material was mixed into the heavy object by 20% or more in volume ratio compared to the case where the guide part was not attached. I was able to suppress it. The wind speed was 15 m / s.

1 ... Diffusion chamber 2 ... Blower 3 ... Supply part 3A ... Termination 3a ... Vibration member 4 ... Guide part 4a ... Base 4b ... Protrusion 4c ... Space 4d ... Adjustment mechanism 5 ... Heavy material collection part 6 ... Light weight collection part 7 ... Exhaust part 10 ... Plate-shaped object

Claims (7)

It is a wind power sorting device that sorts plate-shaped materials contained in electronic / electrical equipment parts waste to the lightweight side by wind power sorting.
A diffusion chamber that diffuses the plate-like material inside using an air flow,
A blower for generating the air flow for sending the plate-shaped material diffused in the diffusion chamber to a lightweight material collection unit provided on the back side of the diffusion chamber in the supply direction, and a blower.
A supply unit that supplies vibration to the diffusion chamber while applying vibration to the electronic / electrical equipment component waste,
It has a comb shape that extends from the end of the supply unit to the diffusion chamber and is arranged so that the air flow is evenly contacted from the lower surface of the plate-shaped object to the lower surface of the plate-shaped object in the vertical direction. Equipped with a guide section ,
A wind power sorting device having a length from the end side of the supply portion of the guide portion to the tip end side of the diffusion chamber being at least half the average diameter of the plate-shaped object . The guide portion includes a plurality of protrusions protruding from the terminal side of the supply unit into the diffusion chamber, and the protrusions have a uniform thickness from the terminal side of the supply unit toward the supply direction. A space for bringing the airflow into contact with the plate-like object is provided between the protrusions, and the width of the space is uniform from the terminal side of the supply portion toward the supply direction. The wind power sorting apparatus according to claim 1, which is formed so as to be. The wind power sorting device according to claim 2, wherein at least the lower surface of the protrusion has a curved surface. The wind power sorting according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the angle of the guide portion so that the airflow comes into vertical contact with the lower surface of the plate-shaped object. Device. The wind power sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , which comprises bringing an air flow having a wind speed of 7 to 20 m / s into contact with the lower surface of the plate-shaped object. The wind power sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the plate-shaped material contains substrate waste. It is a wind power sorting method that sorts plate-shaped materials contained in electronic / electrical equipment parts waste to the lightweight side by wind power sorting.
In the supply unit for supplying the electronic / electrical equipment component waste, the electronic / electrical equipment component waste is supplied to the diffusion chamber for wind power sorting while giving vibration to the electronic / electrical equipment component waste.
To generate an air flow in the diffusion chamber for sending the plate-shaped material to a lightweight material collection unit provided on the back side of the diffusion chamber in the supply direction .
A comb shape extending from the end of the supply section to the diffusion chamber and having a length from the end side of the supply section to the tip end side of the diffusion chamber being at least half the average diameter of the plate-shaped object. In the guided portion having a shape, the airflow is evenly contacted from the lower surface of the plate-shaped object to the lower surface of the plate-shaped object in a vertical direction, and the plate-shaped object is sorted toward the lightweight object collecting portion side. Wind sorting methods including and.

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