JP7015230B2 - Silent ventilation structure and muffling performance evaluation method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a muffling ventilation structure such as a ventilation sleeve provided with a muffler, and a muffling performance evaluation method using the same.

Ventilation sleeves that penetrate between the inside and outside of the room, such as ventilation openings and air-conditioning ducts, are installed on the walls that separate the room from the outside. In order to prevent the noise from being transmitted to the outside, a porous sound absorbing material made of urethane, polyethylene or the like is installed in the ventilation sleeve.
Further, when such a porous sound absorbing material is used, it is necessary to increase the volume in order to increase the absorption rate, particularly the absorption rate of low frequency sound, but the porous sound absorbing material having a large volume in the ventilation sleeve is required. Since the air permeability is reduced when the material is installed, a porous sound absorbing material is arranged on the outside of the ventilation sleeve to achieve both air permeability and soundproofing performance.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a muffling ventilation device including a muffling container and a muffling device. Here, the sound deadening container is a hollow container provided with an outdoor side ventilation port and an indoor side ventilation port, which are provided with a sound absorbing material attached to the inner surface and provided with a height difference. The sound reducer is a resonance having a supply cylinder inserted into a sleeve attached to the inner surface of the through hole of the outer wall and a cylindrical cavity having a cylindrical cavity having a diameter substantially the same as that of the supply cylinder, which is attached to the end of the supply cylinder on the muffling container side. It is composed of a sound absorbing material.
In the muffling ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the resonance phenomenon of the 400 to 700 Hz band sound generated in the pipe is absorbed by the resonance sound absorbing material of the muffling device, high muffling performance can be ensured and the pressure loss and the air flow rate are reduced. It is said that it can be installed without significantly degrading the contradictory performance such as. In addition, it is said that it has high sound insulation performance over the entire frequency band due to the ventilation port on the outer wall side and the ventilation port on the indoor side installed with a height difference, and the sound deadening container provided between the two.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a blower having a duct-shaped active muffling device arranged on the suction port side of the centrifugal fan. The active silencer is equipped with a reference microphone that detects sound waves in a cylindrical small air passage, an error microphone, and a speaker that emits sound waves. Further, a sound absorbing material is provided on the inner wall surface of the ventilation path connecting the outlet of the small air passage and the suction port of the centrifugal fan and the outer wall surface of the small air passage, which face the suction port of the centrifugal fan.
The blower disclosed in Patent Document 2 is said to be able to provide a blower that is compact while suppressing a pressure loss and a decrease in the sound deadening effect of the active sound deadening device due to a standing wave. In addition, due to the sound absorbing material, a part of the sound wave emitted from the suction port of the centrifugal fan is reflected on the wall surface and incident on the active sound deadening device, which hinders the formation of a plane wave, thereby suppressing the deterioration of the sound deadening effect. It is said that it can be done.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-164229 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-143520

By the way, in the muffling device of the muffling ventilation device disclosed in Patent Document 1, the muffling device, and the muffling device such as a general ventilation sleeve, the above-mentioned porous sound absorbing material plays an important role of muffling, but air. Due to the influence of humidity or temperature inside, it may deteriorate with time, and as a result, the muffling performance may be significantly reduced.
As described above, in the conventional muffling ventilation structure such as a ventilation sleeve provided with a muffler, depending on the usage environment, high-temperature or low-temperature, high-temperature or low-temperature including high-volume or low-volume sound, or high humidity or high-humidity, or Since air of various temperatures and humidity such as dry air passes through, the porous sound absorbing material is affected by these air, and if it is used for many years, it will change over time and the sound deadening performance will deteriorate. Will end up.

In such a case, it is necessary to replace the sound absorbing material in the silencer with a new one each time, but the speed of deterioration of the sound absorbing performance differs depending on the usage (external) environment, so the sound absorbing material should be replaced. During this period, there is a great deal of environmental dissatisfaction. That is, the timing of replacing the sound absorbing material greatly differs depending on the usage environment (environmental conditions such as humidity and temperature). Because of this structure, the sound absorbing material may be able to estimate the degree of deterioration of the sound deadening performance from changes in its appearance and / or color, etc. However, the sound absorbing material used for the sound deadening ventilation structure is usually a sound deadening ventilation structure. It is difficult for general users to estimate the degree of deterioration of sound deadening performance from the appearance such as the color because it is installed in a place that is not visible because it has entered the inside, so it is necessary to disassemble and visually recognize it. There is a problem that it takes a lot of time and effort.
Therefore, as a guideline for the replacement time, it is most rational to replace it when the muffling performance of the muffling ventilation structure deteriorates. That is, it is most rational to replace the sound absorbing material by reducing the sound deadening ability. However, since the muffling ventilation structure is used in a general residential environment, it is not realistic for a general user to bring a measuring device or the like to measure the muffling performance in a general house (home). There's a problem.

Further, in the blower disclosed in Patent Document 2, a sound absorbing material is used for the portion of the inner wall surface of the ventilation path and the outer wall surface of the small air passage of the active muffling device facing the suction port of the centrifugal fan to reduce the muffling effect. Although it is suppressed, the deterioration of the sound absorbing performance of the sound absorbing material occurs in the same manner as in the case of the conventional sound deadening ventilation structure described above, and has the same problem.
Further, in the active muffling device used for the blower disclosed in Patent Document 2, the sound wave propagating in the small air passage is detected by the reference microphone installed on the inlet side of the small air passage, the noise is detected, and the reference microphone is detected. By emitting sound in the opposite phase to the noise detected by the speaker, the noise propagating in the small air passage is attenuated, and the noise attenuated by the sound emitted from the speaker by the error microphone is detected and confirmed. There is.
However, in the blower disclosed in Patent Document 2, the sound absorbing material is used on the outside of the small air passage of the active sound deadening device. There is a problem that it cannot be measured. Further, in Patent Document 2, the sound deadening performance of the sound absorbing material is not considered at all.

An object of the present invention is a sound deadening ventilation structure provided with a sound deadening performance evaluation system capable of solving the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and easily evaluating the sound deadening performance of a sound absorbing material of a silencer at home, and sound deadening performance using the same. The purpose is to provide an evaluation method.

In order to achieve the above object, the sound deadening ventilation structure according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an annular member provided through the wall separating the two spaces and a through hole of the annular member installed in the annular member. An independent sound pressure measuring device that can be remotely controlled via communication through holes, a silencer having a sound absorbing material, at least one sound pressure measuring device installed in at least one of the two spaces, and wireless communication. It is characterized by having a muffling evaluation system composed of electronic devices.

Here, it is preferable that the sound absorbing material is arranged around and / or inside the inner wall of the silencer.
Further, it is preferable that the silencer further includes a frame body for fixing the sound absorbing material.
Further, it is preferable that the sound absorbing material forms a through hole of the silencer.
Further, it is preferable that the silencer is arranged in one of the two spaces.
Further, it is preferable that the through hole of the silencer and the through hole of the annular member have the same hole diameter.
Further, it is preferable that at least one of the sound pressure measuring devices is installed in one of the two spaces on the side where the silencer is installed.
Further, it is preferable that the sound deadening evaluation system evaluates the state of the sound absorbing material of the sound deadening device from the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in one of the spaces.
Further, it is preferable that two or more sound pressure measuring devices are provided, and at least one of them is installed in the other space of the two spaces on the side where the silencer is not installed.
In addition, the muffling evaluation system is based on the ratio of the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in one space to the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in the other space. It is preferable to evaluate the state of the sound absorbing material.

Further, it is preferable that the sound pressure measuring device measures only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode of the muffling ventilation structure.
The resonance mode of the sound deadening ventilation structure is preferably when the sound absorbing material is new and the sound is flown from one of the through holes of the annular member toward the other (from one ventilation port to the other ventilation port) ( Of the peaks of the transmission intensity of the transmitted sound pressure in (corresponding to the simulation of the calculation model shown in FIG. 4), they are defined as primary, secondary, and so on in order from the one with the lowest frequency.
Further, it is preferable to use WiFi Direct or Bluetooth (registered trademark) technology as a communication link method for wireless communication of a sound pressure measuring device.
Further, it is preferable that the sound pressure measuring device has a function of automatically turning off the power when communication with an independent electronic device is not performed for a certain period of time.
Further, it is preferable that the power of the sound pressure measuring device is turned on and off by remote control by communication with an independent electronic device.
Further, the muffling evaluation system preferably includes a memory for storing measurement data or a data holding mechanism.
Further, it is preferable that the muffling evaluation system includes a system for measuring sound absorption performance.
Further, in the muffling evaluation system, it is preferable that the REF (reference standard) sound absorption performance is implemented as data.

Further, in order to achieve the above object, the sound deadening performance evaluation method according to the second aspect of the present invention includes an annular member provided through a wall separating the two spaces and an annular member installed on the annular member. A through hole that communicates with the through hole, a sound silencer with a sound absorbing material, at least one sound pressure measuring device installed in at least one of the two spaces, and an independent electronic device that can be remotely controlled via wireless communication. It is an evaluation method for evaluating the muffling performance by an electronic device and a sound pressure measuring device in a muffling ventilation structure equipped with a muffling evaluation system composed of, and is a sound pressure measuring device by wirelessly transmitting from the electronic device. The sound pressure is measured by a sound pressure measuring device, and the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device is wirelessly communicated and received by the electronic device to evaluate the muffling performance of the muffler in the electronic device. However, when evaluating the state of the sound absorbing material, it is characterized in that at least the sound pressure of the frequency at which the primary or secondary resonance mode of the sound deadening ventilation structure is generated is measured.
Here, it is preferable to measure only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode as the sound to be measured.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a sound deadening ventilation structure provided with a sound deadening performance evaluation system capable of easily evaluating the sound deadening performance of a sound absorbing material of a silencer even at home, and a sound deadening performance evaluation method using the same.

It is sectional drawing which conceptually shows an example of the muffling ventilation structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing BB of FIG. It is sectional drawing which conceptually shows an example of the muffling ventilation structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which conceptually shows an example of the muffling ventilation structure which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the basic calculation model used in the Example of this invention. It is a partially enlarged view of the basic calculation model shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the change by the flow resistance of the measured sound pressure with respect to the frequency of Example 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows the change by the flow resistance of the transmission intensity with respect to the frequency of Example 2. FIG.

The sound deadening ventilation structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.
The description of the constituent elements described below is based on the representative embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
In the present specification, the numerical range represented by using "-" means a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.
Further, in the present specification, "orthogonal" and "parallel" include the range of error allowed in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. For example, "orthogonal" and "parallel" mean that the error is within ± 10 ° with respect to strict orthogonality or parallelism, and the error with respect to strict orthogonality or parallelism is 5 ° or less. It is preferably 3 ° or less, and more preferably 3 ° or less.
In the present specification, "same" and "same" include an error range generally accepted in the technical field. Further, in the present specification, when the term "all", "all" or "whole surface" is used, it includes not only 100% but also an error range generally accepted in the technical field, for example, 99% or more. It shall include the case where it is 95% or more, or 90% or more.

[Silent ventilation structure]
The configuration of the muffling ventilation structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view conceptually showing an example of a muffling ventilation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the sound deadening ventilation structure 10 includes a cylindrical ventilation sleeve 12, a sound deadening device 14, and a sound pressure measuring device 16. As shown in FIG. 1, the muffling ventilation structure 10 may be provided with a louver 18 and a register 20.
The muffling ventilation structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 is provided parallel to the wall 26 with a wall 26 separating the two spaces 22 and 24, a ventilation sleeve 12 penetrating the wall 26, and a predetermined distance from the wall 26. A sound silencer 14 having a decorative plate 28 and a through hole 14a communicating with the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 and arranged in the space between the wall 26 and the decorative plate 28, and a sound installed on the outside of the decorative plate 28. It has a pressure measuring device 16, a louver 18 provided at the end of the ventilation sleeve 12 on the opposite side of the decorative plate 28, and a register 20 provided on the side of the decorative plate 28.

[Ventilation sleeve]
As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation sleeve 12 is an annular member of the present invention provided with a through hole 12a, and penetrates a wall 26 separating two spaces consisting of a first space 22 and a second space 24. It will be provided.
When the wall 26 is, for example, the wall of a house such as an apartment, the first space 22 is outdoors and the second space 24 is indoors.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, the outdoor first space 22 is provided with a louver 18 facing one end surface of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12. Further, in the second space 24 indoors, a silencer 14 and a decorative plate 28 are installed on the other end surface of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12.

The ventilation sleeve 12 is, for example, a ventilation sleeve such as a ventilation port and an air conditioning duct.
The ventilation sleeve 12 is not limited to the ventilation port, the air conditioning duct, and the like, and may be a general duct used in various devices.
The sound deadening ventilation structure 10 of the present invention can be suitably applied to a wall ventilation sleeve such as a wall of a house such as an apartment. The wall of the house is composed of, for example, a concrete wall, gypsum board, heat insulating material, decorative board, and wall material such as wallpaper, and a ventilation sleeve is provided through these wall materials. In the example shown in FIG. 1, it can be said that the wall 26 in the present invention corresponds to a concrete wall, and the illustration of other wall materials is omitted.

The cross-sectional shape of the ventilation sleeve 12 is not limited to a circular shape, and may be various shapes such as a quadrangular shape and a triangular shape.
Further, in the case of the ventilation sleeve 12 for a house, the diameter (diameter equivalent to a circle) (outer diameter) of the ventilation sleeve is about 70 mm to 160 mm.
The inner diameter of the ventilation sleeve 12 (hole diameter of the through hole 12a) is measured with a resolution of 1 mm. When the cross-sectional shape of the ventilation sleeve is not circular, it is preferable to convert the area into a circle-equivalent area to obtain the inner diameter. When it has a fine structure such as unevenness of less than 1 mm, it is preferable to average it.
The material of the ventilation sleeve 12 is not particularly limited, but is preferably metal, and examples thereof include aluminum, copper, tinplate, titanium, and stainless steel.

[Silencer]
The silencer 14 is provided with a through hole 14a communicating with the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12, and is a second space 24, which is arranged in the space between the wall 26 and the decorative plate 28. As shown in FIG. 1, the silencer 14 is preferably arranged in the second space 24 of one of the two spaces.
The silencer 14 includes an insertion portion 30a, a frame body 30c forming the cavity portion 30b, and a locking portion 30d, and is arranged in the frame body 30 forming the through hole 14a and the cavity portion 30b of the frame body 30. It has a sound absorbing material 32 that forms a through hole 14a.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame body 30 communicates with the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12, forms a through hole 14a coaxial and substantially the same diameter, and is located outside the through hole 14a. It has a cavity 30b on the entire circumference of the peripheral surface.

The insertion portion 30a of the frame body 30 has a cylindrical shape and protrudes outward from the frame body 30c, and is inserted into the through hole 12a of the cylindrical ventilation sleeve 12 to fix the frame body 30 to the ventilation sleeve 12. It is for doing. Therefore, the outer diameter of the insertion portion 30a is substantially equal to the hole diameter of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 (it may be slightly large enough to be press-fitted). On the other hand, the inner diameter of the insertion portion 30a is substantially equal to the hole diameter of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12, but strictly speaking, it is smaller by the thickness of the member of the insertion portion 30a. The opening portion inside the insertion portion 30a forms a through hole 14a of the silencer 14. Therefore, it is preferable that the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 and the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 have the same hole diameter. Here, the same pore diameter includes a deviation of the pore diameter in the range of −10% to + 10%.
The frame body 30c is for forming an annular hollow portion 30b that accommodates and fixes the sound absorbing material 32. The cavity 30b is a space formed in the outer peripheral direction of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 and communicating with the through hole 14a.

The locking portion 30d has a cylindrical shape and protrudes inward from the frame body 30c so as to partially cover the cavity portion 30b, and the sound absorbing material 32 housed in the cavity portion 30b can be fixed in the cavity portion 30b. It is for locking. Here, in the example shown in FIG. 1, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the locking portion 30d are equal to the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the insertion portion 30a, respectively. The opening portion inside the locking portion 30d forms a through hole 14a of the silencer 14 in the same manner as the opening portion of the insertion portion 30a.
Here, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the frame body 30 (cavity portion 30b) of the silencer 14 is formed into a substantially annular shape along the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14, but the limitation is limited to this. It does not have to be, and any three-dimensional shape having a hollow portion may be used. For example, it may have a semiring shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
As the material of the frame 30 of the silencer 14, the same material as that of the ventilation sleeve 12 may be used.

The sound absorbing material 32 is arranged in the entire cavity portion 30b of the frame body 30. Therefore, the sound absorbing material 32 has an annular shape, and the opening portion inside the sound absorbing material 32 forms a through hole 14a of the sound deadening device 14. Therefore, the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 is formed by the opening portion inside the insertion portion 30a, the opening portion inside the sound absorbing material 32, and the opening portion inside the locking portion 30d.
As is well known, the sound absorbing material absorbs sound by converting the sound energy of the sound passing through the inside into heat energy.
The sound absorbing material 32 is preferably a porous sound absorbing material, but is not particularly limited, and conventionally known sound absorbing materials can be appropriately used. For example, foam materials such as urethane foam, soft urethane foam, wood, ceramic particle sintered material, phenol foam and materials containing minute air; glass wool, rock wool, microfiber (3M synthetic fiber, etc.), floor mats, rugs. Fiber and non-woven fabric materials such as melt blown non-woven fabric, metal non-woven fabric, polyester non-woven fabric, metal wool, felt, insulation board and glass non-woven fabric; wood wool cement board; nanofiber material such as silica nanofiber; plaster board; various known materials. Sound absorbing materials are available.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the sound absorbing material 32 is arranged in the entire cavity 30b of the frame body 30, but the present invention is not limited to this, and at least one in the cavity 30b. It may be configured to be arranged in a section. Alternatively, the sound absorbing material 32 may be arranged so as to cover at least a part of the through hole 14a of the sound deadening device 14.
The decorative board 28 is for covering the wall 26 such as a concrete wall so as not to be exposed in the indoor light of a house or the like which is the second space 24. The decorative plate 28 includes an opening 28a that communicates with the through hole 14a of the silencer 14. The opening 28a of the decorative plate 28 is coaxial with the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 and has the same diameter. As the decorative board 28, a conventionally known decorative board can be used.

The sound pressure measuring device 16 is installed outside the decorative plate 28 in the second space 24 on the side where the silencer 14 is installed, out of the two spaces 22 and 24.
Here, the sound pressure measuring device 16 has a microphone 34. Therefore, the microphone 34 is installed on the outside of the decorative plate 28 installed on the outside of the silencer 14 in the second space 24, and in the vicinity of the opening 28a.
The microphone 34 is a microphone with a wireless communication function that is remotely controlled by the electronic device 36.

The microphone 34 is remotely controlled by a muffling evaluation system by wireless communication from the electronic device 36 to turn on the power, and the sound pressure can be measured. Next, the microphone 34 is generated in the first space 22, passes through the louver 18, enters the ventilation sleeve 12, passes through the ventilation sleeve 12, and the silencer 14 installed in the second space 24. Enter and measure the sound pressure of the noise muted by the silencer 14. Subsequently, the microphone 34 wirelessly transmits the measurement data measured by the wireless communication function to the electronic device 36. After the wireless transmission is completed, the microphone 34 is remotely controlled by the muffling evaluation system by wireless communication from the electronic device 36, or is automatically turned off. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the consumption of the power source of the microphone 34 and enable long-term use.

Therefore, the microphone 34 has a function of measuring the sound pressure of the noise of the installed second space 24, particularly the noise that passes through the silencer 14 and leaks from the through hole 14a, and acquires the sound pressure measurement data. , Operates a function to wirelessly communicate the measured sound pressure measurement data of the measured noise to the electronic device 36 and a function to measure the noise by remote operation via wireless communication from the electronic device 36 independent of the microphone 34. It has a function of turning on the power of the microphone 34 in order to make the microphone 34 turn on. The microphone 34 has a function of automatically turning off (turning off) the power when the communication with the electronic device 36 is not performed for a certain period of time after the sound pressure measurement and the transmission of the measurement data are completed. Is preferable. Alternatively, the microphone 34 may have a function of turning off the power of the microphone 34 by remote control by wireless communication from the electronic device 36 after the sound pressure measurement and the transmission of the measurement data are completed. ..

That is, when the microphone 34 wirelessly receives the power-on remote operation signal from the electronic device 36 by the muffling evaluation system, the microphone 34 turns on the power, measures the sound pressure of noise, and acquires and acquires the sound pressure measurement data. Sound pressure measurement data is wirelessly transmitted to the electronic device 36, and after a certain period of time, the power is automatically turned off, or when a remote control signal for powering off from the electronic device 36 is wirelessly received, the power is turned off. Turn off.
As a result, the microphone 34 can appropriately measure the sound pressure of the muffler 14 over a long period of time, and can appropriately evaluate the muffling state of the sound absorbing body 32, which deteriorates over a long period of time.

It is preferable that the microphone 34 measures only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode of the muffling ventilation structure 10 including the cylindrical ventilation sleeve 12 and the muffling device 14 by the muffling evaluation system.
Here, the resonance mode of the sound deadening ventilation structure is preferably when the sound absorbing material is new and the sound is flown from one of the through holes of the annular member toward the other (from one ventilation port to the other ventilation port). Among the peaks of the transmission intensity of the transmitted sound pressure in (corresponding to the simulation of the calculation model shown in FIG. 4), the peaks of the transmission intensity are defined as primary, secondary, and so on in order from the one with the lowest frequency.
Since the muffling ventilation structure 10 including the cylindrical ventilation sleeve 12 and the muffler 14 constitutes a cylinder of a certain length, it constitutes a resonance structure of a certain length and the frequency of the primary to high-order resonance mode. , Has a resonance frequency. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 described later, the present inventors have found that the frequency of the sound pressure at which the deterioration of the sound absorbing material 32 appears remarkably corresponds to the frequency of the resonance mode. As a result, the deterioration of the sound absorbing material 32 can be easily evaluated in a short time by measuring only the frequency of the specific resonance mode without measuring the entire frequency.

The electronic device 36 is arranged independently of the microphone 34 and includes a muffling evaluation system. The electronic device 36 remotely controls the microphone 34 by wireless communication by the muffling evaluation system, turns on the power thereof, causes the microphone 34 to measure the sound pressure, wirelessly transmits the measured sound pressure from the microphone 34, and wirelessly transmits the microphone 34. The measured sound pressure data is wirelessly received and output. Further, the electronic device 36 may remotely control the microphone 34 by wireless communication by the muffling evaluation system and turn off the power of the microphone 34.
The electronic device 36 is not particularly limited as long as the microphone 34 can be remotely operated by wireless communication by the muffling evaluation system to acquire the sound pressure measurement data of noise. For example, a personal computer (personal computer), a smartphone, a tablet terminal, and the like. And smart speakers and the like.
Here, it is preferable to use WiFi Direct or Bluetooth (registered trademark) technology as a communication link method for wireless communication between the microphone 34 and the electronic device 36. By doing so, wireless communication between the microphone 34 and the electronic device 36 can be efficiently performed.

That is, the electronic device 36 remotely controls the microphone 34 by wireless communication by the muffling evaluation system, turns on the power of the microphone 34, causes the microphone 34 to measure the sound pressure of noise, and causes the microphone 34 to transmit the measured wirelessly. The function, the function of wirelessly receiving the sound pressure measurement data of the noise measured by the microphone 34 from the microphone 34, and the function of outputting the sound pressure measurement data wirelessly received from the microphone 34 to a display device or a paper medium. Have. The electronic device 36 not only outputs the sound pressure measurement data received wirelessly, but also analyzes the sound pressure measurement data by the sound deadening evaluation system, and the state of the sound absorbing material 32 of the sound deadening device 14 from the measurement data. That is, it is preferable to have a function of evaluating a deteriorated state. Further, the electronic device 36 may have a function of remotely controlling the microphone 34 by wireless communication by a muffling evaluation system and turning off the power of the microphone 34.
That is, the muffling evaluation system of the present invention is a system composed of the microphone 34, the electronic device 36, and the software (application) stored in the electronic device 36, and the evaluation system on the microphone 34 side is the electronic device 36. It is remotely operated to measure the sound pressure, acquire the measurement data, and transmit it to the electronic device 36. The evaluation system on the electronic device 36 side remotely operates the microphone 34 to acquire the sound pressure measurement data. Then, the sound deadening is evaluated using the obtained measurement data, and the state of the sound absorbing material is evaluated.

Further, it is preferable that the muffling evaluation system of the microphone 34 and / or the electronic device 36 includes a memory for storing the measurement data of the sound pressure of the noise measured by the microphone 34, or a data holding mechanism.
In the sound deadening evaluation system, in order to analyze the sound pressure measurement data of the noise measured by the microphone 34, evaluate the sound deadening of the sound deadening device 14, and evaluate the deterioration state of the sound absorbing material 32, the sound absorbing material 32 is fresh. It is necessary to measure the sound absorption capacity in such cases and retain it as data. This data becomes REF (reference reference) data, and becomes reference data for estimating the deterioration of the transmission loss later, that is, the deterioration state of the sound absorbing material 32.
In the muffling evaluation system of the present invention, it is preferable that a memory for holding this data exists.
This memory may be installed in the electronic device 36 on the remote control side, may be mounted on the microphone 34, or may be stored in the cloud. In this case, the cloud constitutes part of the muffling evaluation system.
By storing the REF (reference reference) data in the memory in this way, the deterioration state of the sound absorbing material 32 can be accurately evaluated.

Further, it is preferable that the muffling evaluation system of the present invention includes a sound absorption performance measurement system, that is, a sound absorption performance measurement software application.
In the muffling evaluation system, it is preferable that the system for measuring the sound absorption performance is provided with a simple application for calculating the difference from the REF data. By operating the sound absorption performance measuring system, the deteriorated state of the sound absorption material 32 can be evaluated more accurately.
It is preferable that the REF data can be registered as a REF (reference reference), or that the REF data is registered in the software application in advance.
Further, in the muffling evaluation system, it is preferable that the REF (reference standard) sound absorption performance is implemented as data. By doing so, it is possible to accurately evaluate the deteriorated state of the sound absorbing material 32 without measuring the REF data.
From the beginning of the installation of the sound deadening ventilation structure 10 of the present invention, by continuing to accumulate a large amount of sound pressure measurement data of the noise transmitted through the sound deadening device 14, in addition to the sound pressure data, the temperature and And humidity, or by measuring the air velocity and air volume of the air passing through the through hole 12 of the ventilation sleeve 12 of the muffling ventilation structure 10 and the through hole 14a of the muffler 14, a large number of these measurement data can be obtained. Using AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology as a set, the deteriorated state of the sound absorbing material 32 of the sound deadening device 14 of the sound deadening ventilation structure 10 can be evaluated more accurately.

The louver 18 is a cover member provided at the end of the ventilation sleeve 12 on the opposite side of the decorative plate 28 in the first space 22. The louver 18 is installed on the outside of the ventilation sleeve 12 so as to cover the ventilation port 12a. Examples of such a cover member include a conventionally known louver, a louver, and the like installed in a ventilation port and / or an air conditioning duct.
The register 20 is a conventionally known air volume adjusting member provided on the side of the decorative plate 28 in the second space 24. The register 20 is attached to the muffler 14 and the veneer 28 by inserting the tip thereof into the through hole 14a of the muffler 14 through the opening 28a of the veneer 28.

The sound deadening ventilation structure 10 of the present invention has a cover member such as a louver 18 installed on one end face side of the ventilation sleeve 12, and an air volume such as a register 20 installed on the other end face side (silencer 14 side). It may have at least one of the adjusting members.
Further, the cover member and the air volume adjusting member may be installed on the end face side of the ventilation sleeve on the side where the muffler is installed, or may be installed on the end face side on the side where the muffler is not installed.
When the muffling ventilation structure 10 has a cover member such as a louver 18 and an air volume adjusting member such as a register 20, the first resonance generated in the ventilation sleeve 12 and the muffler 14 is the cover member and the air volume. It is the first resonance generated in the ventilation sleeve 12 and the muffler 14 in the muffling ventilation structure 10 including the adjusting member.
The sound deadening ventilation structure 10 of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is basically configured as described above.

In the sound deadening ventilation structure 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a microphone 34, which is one sound pressure measuring device 16, is installed outside the decorative plate 28 outside the sound deadening device 14 in the second space 24. The present invention is not limited to this, and may be arranged in one of the two spaces 22 and 24, and the microphone 34, which is a plurality of sound pressure measuring devices 16, may be arranged in the two spaces 22 and 24. It may be installed in at least one of the above. That is, one or a plurality of sound pressure measuring devices 16 may be installed in the space on the same side, or one or a plurality of sound pressure measuring devices 16 may be installed in the two spaces 22 and 24, respectively. It may have been done.

For example, at least one of the plurality of sound pressure measuring devices 16 is located in the second space 24 of the two spaces 22 and 24 on the side where the silencer 14 is installed, as shown in FIG. It is preferable that it is installed.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 6 described later, the muffling evaluation system measures the sound pressure of noise measured by the sound pressure measuring device 16 (microphone 34) installed in one of the second spaces 24. It is preferable to evaluate the state of the sound absorbing material 32 of the silencer 14.

On the other hand, at least one of the plurality of sound pressure measuring devices 16 (microphones 34) is provided with a silencer 14 out of the two spaces 22 and 24 as in the silence ventilation structure 11 shown in FIG. 3A. It is preferable that the space 22 is installed in the other first space 22 on the non-existing side.
In the sound deadening ventilation structure 11 shown in FIG. 3A, the sound pressure measuring device 16a (microphone 34a) is provided in the second space 22 (outer surface of the decorative plate 28 outside the sound deadening device 14) on the side where the sound deadening device 14 is installed. ) Is installed, and the sound pressure measuring device 16b (microphone 34b) is installed in the other first space 22 (outer surface of the wall 26) on the side where the silencer 14 is not installed. The muffling ventilation structure 11 shown in FIG. 3A has the same configuration as the muffling ventilation structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 except for these points.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, which will be described later, the muffling evaluation system includes the sound pressure measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device 16a (microphone 34a) installed in one of the second spaces 24, and the sound pressure measurement data. It is preferable to evaluate the state of the sound absorbing material 32 of the silencer 14 from the ratio with the sound pressure measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device 16b (microphone 34b) installed in the other first space 22.

In the sound deadening ventilation structure 10 shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, the sound absorbing material 32 of the sound absorbing material 12 has a through hole of the sound absorbing material 14 having an inner hole of the sound absorbing material 32 having substantially the same diameter as the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12. It is held in the hollow portion 30b of the frame body 30 so as to be 14a, but the present invention is not limited to this.
As in the sound deadening ventilation structure 10A shown in FIG. 3B, the frame body of the sound deadening device 14 is composed of a cylindrical tubular tube body 40 having an inner diameter substantially the same as the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12, and the inside of the tube body 40. That is, it may be arranged around the inner wall (inner peripheral surface).

Further, the present invention includes an annular member provided through a wall separating the two spaces, a through hole installed in the annular member and communicating with the through hole of the annular member, and a sound silencer having a sound absorbing material. A muffling evaluation system including at least one sound pressure measuring device installed in at least one of the spaces and an independent electronic device capable of remotely controlling the sound pressure measuring device via wireless communication. In the ventilation structure, it is an evaluation method for evaluating the sound deadening performance by the electronic device and the sound pressure measuring device. The sound pressure is transmitted by the electronic device wirelessly, the power of the sound pressure measuring device is turned on, and the sound pressure is measured by the sound pressure measuring device. Is measured, and the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device is wirelessly communicated and received by the electronic device. It may provide a muffling performance evaluation method for measuring the sound pressure of the frequency at which the primary or secondary resonance mode of the structure is generated.
Here, it is preferable to measure only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode as the sound to be measured.
Further, it is preferable that the electronic device receives the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device by wireless communication and then wirelessly transmits the sound pressure to turn off the power of the sound pressure measuring device.
Further, the present invention may be a program for causing a computer to execute each step of the above-mentioned muffling performance evaluation method. This program may be stored in an electronic device.
Further, the present invention may be a computer-readable recording medium in which a program for causing a computer to execute each step of the muffling performance evaluation method is recorded.

Hereinafter, the muffling ventilation structure of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment contents, treatment procedures, etc. shown in the following examples can be appropriately changed as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as limiting by the examples shown below.
A two-dimensional cylindrical axis symmetry simulation was performed using the acoustic model shown in FIG. As the simulation software, the acoustic module of COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a was used.
As shown in FIG. 4, in the simulation, the radius of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 is 5 cm, the total length of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 and the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 is 20 cm, and the through hole 14a The radius of the exit opening was 6 cm.
Further, FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the muffling ventilation structure 10 of the acoustic model shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the simulation, the length of the frame main body 30c including the sound absorbing body 32 of the housing 30 of the silencer 14 is 56 cm, the opening portion communicating with the through hole 14a is 40 cm, and the thickness is , 45 cm.

Using the simulation models shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, sound waves were incident from the outside of a quarter spherical surface (radius 50 cm) of one (lower) first space 22 partitioned by a wall. The incident sound wave was incident into the ventilation sleeve 12 through one open end of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 of the muffling ventilation structure 10. Next, the sound wave incident in the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 is passed through the through hole 14a of the silencer 14, and the other (upper) second space from the other opening end of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14. It was emitted to 24. As a result, a sound wave reaching a quarter spherical surface (radius 50 cm) of the second space 24 was detected.
The sound wave that reached the 1/4 spherical surface of the first space 22 and the second space 24 was set at the spherical wave boundary so as not to be reflected and returned to the muffling ventilation structure again.
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, as a measurement point, in the first space 22 on the incident side, a sound pressure measuring device 16b (microphone 34b) is installed near the outside of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 and emits light. In the second space 24 on the side, the sound pressure measuring device 16 (microphone 34) or the sound pressure measuring device 16a (microphone 34a) can be installed in the vicinity of the outside of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14.

(Example 1)
First, in the simulation of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, as a measurement point, one sound pressure measuring device 16 (one sound pressure measuring device 16 (1) near the outside of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 only in the second space 24 on the emitting side. A microphone 34) was installed to measure the sound pressure of noise.
In this simulation, the deterioration of the flow resistance is assumed to be the deterioration of the sound absorbing material 32. This is because when the sound absorbing material 32 deteriorates, a part of the sound absorbing material 32 is peeled off or destroyed, and the flow resistance of the sound to the medium fluid deteriorates.

First, in this simulation, white noise (sound pressure amplitude 1 Pa at all frequencies) was incident from the outside of a 1/4 spherical surface (radius 50 cm) of the lower first space 22.
When the measured sound pressure is p ₀ , the measured sound pressure 20 * log10 (| p ₀ |) [dB] is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph in which the sound pressure at the measurement point and the measured sound pressure are plotted against the frequency.
As a case of actual measurement, for example, the average sound pressure for 24 hours is measured.

In FIG. 6, when the solid line has a flow resistance of 7010 [Pa · s / m ² ], it is in a normal state, and when the flow resistance is 2650 [Pa · s / m ² ], it is a dotted line (short broken line). Further, as in the case of the long broken line where the flow resistance is 100 [Pa · s / m ² ], it can be seen that the measured sound pressure increases as the flow resistance deteriorates. That is, it can be seen that the observed measured sound pressure increases when the sound absorbing material 32 deteriorates. From this, it can be seen that by measuring the absolute sound pressure on the outlet side, the sound pressure measurement and evaluation system of the present invention can easily appropriately evaluate the sound deadening performance of the sound absorbing material of the sound silencer even at home.

From FIG. 6, it can be seen that the measured sound pressure has a peak in the vicinity of the frequency of 400 Hz and 800 Hz, regardless of the flow resistance. The difference between the measured sound pressures is large in the vicinity of the frequencies of 400 Hz and 800 Hz where these measured sound pressures have peaks, which is advantageous for observing the deteriorated state of the sound absorbing material 32. Here, the frequencies 400 Hz and 800 Hz at which the measured sound pressure has a peak are the frequencies of the primary and secondary resonance modes of the cylinder in which the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 and the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 are combined. Is. Therefore, in the sound pressure measurement evaluation system of the present invention, it can be seen that the sound pressure measuring device 16 (microphone 34) needs to measure only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode of the muffling ventilation structure 10.

(Example 2)
First, in the simulation of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, as a measurement point, one sound pressure measuring device 16a (microphone) near the outside of the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 in the second space 24 on the emitting side. 34a) is installed, and another sound pressure measuring device 16b (microphone 34b) is installed near the outside of the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 in the first space 22 on the incident side, and the two microphones 34a, And 34b measured the sound pressure of noise.
In the simulation of the second embodiment, the deterioration of the flow resistance is assumed to be the deterioration of the sound absorbing material 32 as in the simulation of the first embodiment.

First, in this simulation, white noise (sound pressure amplitude 1 Pa at all frequencies) was incident from the outside of a 1/4 spherical surface (radius 50 cm) of the lower first space 22.
The sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device 16b (microphone 34b) at the measurement point on the inlet side was set to pi, and the sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device 16a (microphone _34a ) at the measuring point on the exit side was set to _p0 . In this case, the transmission intensity of the sound pressure (ratio of the sound pressure on the inlet side to the sound pressure on the outlet side) 20 * log10 (| p _i / p ₀ |) [dB] is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a graph in which the transmission intensity represented by the ratio of the sound pressure at the measurement point on the inlet side and the sound pressure at the measurement point on the exit side is plotted against the frequency. In FIG. 7, the larger the transmission intensity, the lower the muffling performance.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the solid line has a flow resistance of 7010 [Pa · s / m ² ], it is in a normal state, and the dotted line (short broken line) has a flow resistance of 2650 [Pa · s / m ² ]. In the case of), it can be seen that the transmission strength increases as the flow resistance deteriorates, as in the case of the long broken line where the flow resistance is 2650 [Pa · s / m ² ].
From the above, when the sound pressure was measured by the sound pressure measuring devices 16a and 16b at the measurement points on the inlet side and the outlet side, respectively, and the transmission intensity of the sound pressure was calculated from them, it was observed when the sound absorbing material 32 deteriorated. It can be seen that the transmission intensity of the sound pressure is increasing, that is, the sound deadening performance is reduced. From this, it can be seen that the sound pressure measurement and evaluation system of the present invention can easily appropriately evaluate the sound deadening performance of the sound absorbing material of the sound deadening device even at home.

As in the case of the first embodiment, it can be seen that the transmission intensity of the sound pressure has a peak in the vicinity of the frequency of 400 Hz and 800 Hz, regardless of the flow resistance. The difference in transmission intensity is large in the vicinity of the frequencies of 400 Hz and 800 Hz where these transmission intensities have peaks, which is advantageous for observing the deteriorated state of the sound absorbing material 32. Here, as in the case of the first embodiment, the frequencies 400 Hz and 800 Hz at which the measured sound pressure has a peak are the primary of the cylinder in which the through hole 12a of the ventilation sleeve 12 and the through hole 14a of the silencer 14 are combined. , And the frequency of the second-order resonance mode. Therefore, in the sound pressure measurement evaluation system of the present invention, the two sound pressure measuring devices 16 and 16b (microphones 34a and 34b) measure only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode of the muffling ventilation structure 10. I know what to do.

Although various embodiments and examples of the muffling ventilation structure and the muffling evaluation method according to the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and examples, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and examples. Of course, various improvements or changes may be made without departing from the gist of.

10, 11 Silencer ventilation structure 12 Ventilation sleeve 12a, 12b Through hole 14 Silencer 16, 16a, 16b Sound pressure measuring device 18 Louver 20 Register 22 First space 24 Second space 26 Wall 28 Veneer 30 Frame 30a Insertion Part 30b Cavity part 30c Frame body 30d Locking part 32 Sound absorbing material 34, 34a, 34b Microphone 36 Electronic device 40 Tube

Claims (19)

An annular member provided through the wall separating the two spaces,
A silencer installed in the annular member and having a through hole communicating with the through hole of the annular member and a sound absorbing material.
It is composed of at least one sound pressure measuring device installed in at least one of the two spaces and an independent electronic device capable of remotely operating the sound pressure measuring device via wireless communication, and the at least one sound pressure. A muffling ventilation structure comprising a muffling evaluation system for evaluating the state of the sound absorbing material of the muffling device from measurement data measured by a measuring device . The sound deadening ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the sound absorbing material is arranged around and / or inside the inner wall of the sound deadening device. The sound deadening ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sound deadening device further includes a frame body for fixing the sound absorbing material. The sound deadening ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sound absorbing material forms a through hole of the sound deadening device. The silencer ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the silencer is arranged in one of the two spaces. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the through hole of the silencer and the through hole of the annular member have the same hole diameter. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one of the sound pressure measuring instruments is installed in one of the two spaces on the side where the muffler is installed. .. The sound deadening ventilation structure according to claim 7, wherein the sound deadening evaluation system evaluates the state of the sound absorbing material of the sound deadening device from the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in the one space. According to claim 7, the sound pressure measuring device is provided, and at least one of them is installed in the other space of the two spaces on the side where the muffler is not installed. Described muffling ventilation structure. The muffling evaluation system comprises the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in the one space and the measurement data measured by the sound pressure measuring device installed in the other space. The sound deadening ventilation structure according to claim 9, wherein the state of the sound absorbing material of the sound deadening device is evaluated from the ratio. The sound pressure ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the sound pressure measuring device measures only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode of the sound deadening ventilation structure. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein WiFi Direct or Bluetooth (registered trademark) technology is used as the communication link method for the wireless communication of the sound pressure measuring device. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the sound pressure measuring device has a function of automatically turning off the power when communication with the independent electronic device is not performed for a certain period of time. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the sound pressure measuring device is turned on and off by remote control by communication with the independent electronic device. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the muffling evaluation system includes a memory for storing the measurement data or a data holding mechanism. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the muffling evaluation system includes a system for measuring sound absorption performance. The muffling ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the muffling evaluation system has REF (reference standard) sound absorbing performance implemented as data. An annular member provided through a wall separating the two spaces, a through hole installed in the annular member and communicating with the through hole of the annular member, and a silencer having a sound absorbing material, and at least the two spaces. A muffling ventilation structure including at least one sound pressure measuring device installed on one side and a muffling evaluation system composed of an independent electronic device capable of remotely operating the sound pressure measuring device via wireless communication. In the evaluation method for evaluating the muffling performance by the electronic device and the sound pressure measuring device.
The sound pressure is measured by the sound pressure measuring device by wirelessly transmitting from the electronic device to make the sound pressure measuring device in a measurable state.
The sound pressure measured by the sound pressure measuring device is wirelessly communicated and received by the electronic device.
In the electronic device, when evaluating the sound deadening performance of the sound deadening device and evaluating the state of the sound absorbing material, the sound absorbing material is evaluated.
A method for evaluating sound deadening performance, which comprises measuring at least the sound pressure at a frequency that causes a primary or secondary resonance mode of the sound deadening ventilation structure. The muffling performance evaluation method according to claim 18, wherein only the frequency of the primary or secondary resonance mode is measured as the sound to be measured.

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