JP7010460B2 - Mowing machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to, for example, a reaper that cuts tea leaves from a tea plant while moving along a ridge-shaped tea plant.

Conventionally, as this type of mowing machine, a traveling body that runs along a ridge-shaped tea plant, a cutting blade that cuts tea leaves from the tea tree, and an end opening provided above the cutting blade are cut by the cutting blade. An air outlet that blows out the air sent by the blowing means upward is provided with a transport duct that guides the tea leaves toward a predetermined discharge position and an air blowing means that creates a flow of air that conveys the tea leaves in the transport duct. , The one formed along the cutting blade below the transport duct and behind the cutting blade is known (see, for example, Reference 1).

Some of the transport ducts of the reaper have a pair of transport paths that are branched and extend upward above the end opening and are arranged in the width direction of the traveling body.

Further, as another type of transport duct of the reaper, the transport duct has one transport path that extends upward so as to have a gradually smaller widthwise dimension from the end opening to a predetermined position above the end opening. There is something.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-11785

In a transport duct having a pair of transport paths, a branch portion is formed between the pair of transport paths. For this reason, in a reaper equipped with a transport duct having a pair of transport paths, when the total length of the cut tea leaves is long, the tea leaves may be caught in the branch portion, and all the tea leaves cut by the cutting blade are specified. A condition may occur in which the tea cannot be transported toward the discharge position.

Further, in the transport duct having one transport path, the width direction dimension becomes smaller toward the upper side, so that the air flow velocity on both outer sides in the width direction becomes faster. On the other hand, in the transport duct having one transport path, the flow velocity of the air on the central portion side in the width direction is slower than the flow velocity of the air on both outer sides in the width direction. There may be a situation where it cannot be transported towards the position.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting machine capable of reliably transporting a cutting object such as tea leaves cut from a tea plant by a cutting blade.

In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a traveling body that runs across the ridge, a cutting blade that cuts an object to be cut from the ridge, and an end opening above the cutting blade are provided by the cutting blade. It is provided with a transport duct that guides the cut object to be cut toward a predetermined discharge position, and a ventilation means that creates a flow of air for transporting the cut object in the transport duct, and is provided below the transport duct. Is provided with a main outlet and an auxiliary outlet for blowing out air sent by the blower means upward, the main outlet is formed behind the cutting blade along the cutting blade, and the auxiliary outlet is formed. A plurality of auxiliary outlets are provided in parallel in the central portion in the extending direction of the cutting blade above the main outlet, and the auxiliary outlet is an outlet forming plate that blows air upward along the rear surface of the transport duct. The air discharged from the main outlet flows along the outer surface of the outlet forming plate and also flows between the auxiliary outlets in parallel.

As a result, the cutting object is conveyed by the air blown from the main outlet and the auxiliary outlet at a predetermined position in the extending direction of the cutting blade, which makes it difficult to convey the object to be cut upward. The object to be cut is surely transported to a predetermined release position.

According to the present invention, the object to be harvested cut by the cutting blade can be reliably transported to a predetermined discharge position by the air blown from the main outlet and the auxiliary outlet, so that the object to be harvested can be harvested. It is possible to increase the amount.

It is a side view of the reaper which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of a reaper. It is a main part perspective view of a cutting device and a transporting device. It is a side sectional view of the main part of a cutting device and a transport device. It is a figure which shows the air flow in the 1st duct member. It is a main part perspective view of the cutting device and the transport device which shows the other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the air flow in the 1st duct member.

1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention.

The cutting machine 1 of the present invention cuts tea leaves as an object to be cut from a ridge-shaped tea tree while traveling by the operation of a boarding operator. As shown in FIG. 1, the reaper 1 includes a traveling body 10 for traveling along a direction in which a tea plant extends across a ridge-shaped tea plant, a reaping device 20 for reaping tea leaves from the tea plant, and a reaping device 20. A transport device 30 for transporting the tea leaves cut by the above to a predetermined discharge position, a storage unit 40 as a discharge position for accommodating the tea leaves transported by the transport device 30, a cutting device 20, and a blower described later. It is provided with a transport device 30 to be removed and an elevating device 50 for moving the accommodating portion 40 in the vertical direction.

The traveling body 10 includes a main body 11 located on the upper side, a pair of leg portions 12 extending downward from both sides in the width direction of the main body 11, and a traveling device 13 provided at the lower end portion of the leg portions 12. There is.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main body 11 has a floor portion 11a formed in a horizontal plane.

An operation input unit 11b for the operator to input an operation related to the operation of the reaper 1 is provided on the front portion on the right side of the floor portion 11a, and an operator operating the operation input unit 11b is seated behind the operation input unit 11b. A sheet 11c is provided. Further, on the left side of the floor portion 11a, an engine 14 that is a power source for the traveling body 10, the cutting device 20, the transport device 30, and the elevating device 50 is provided. Further, a blower, which will be described later, constituting the transport device 30 is provided between the operation input unit 11b and the engine 14 on the floor portion 11a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the pair of legs 12 have a front member 12a extending downward from the front side on both sides of the main body 11 in the width direction, a rear member 12b extending downward from the rear side, and a lower end of the front member 12a, respectively. It has a connecting member 12c that connects the portion and the lower end portion of the rear member 12b to each other.

Further, each of the pair of leg portions 12 is supported so as to be movable in the width direction with respect to the main body 11. The pair of legs 12 are interlocked with each other by, for example, a leg interlocking mechanism including a rack fixed to each leg 12 side and a pinion rotatably supported on the main body 11 side. The distance between the pair of legs 12 can be adjusted by driving the pinion of the leg interlocking mechanism with a hydraulic motor.

As shown in FIG. 1, the traveling device 13 is driven by a drive wheel 13a provided on the front side of the lower end side of each leg portion 12 and a driven wheel 13b provided on the rear side of the lower end side of each leg portion 12. It has a rubber or metal crawler 13c wound around a ring 13a and a driven wheel 13b. The traveling device 13 drives the drive wheels 13a by the hydraulic motor 13d to rotate the crawlers 13c wound around the drive wheels 13a and the driven wheels 13b.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting device 20 includes a pair of upper and lower cutting blades 21 extending in the width direction between the pair of legs 12, and a hydraulic motor for reciprocating the pair of cutting blades 21 in the width direction. ,have. The pair of cutting blades 21 are comb-shaped blades extending in the width direction, respectively, and the tea leaves are sandwiched by reciprocating the pair of cutting blades 21 respectively. The pair of cutting blades 21 are formed in an arc shape in which the central portion is located upward with respect to both end portions in the longitudinal direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transport device 30 has a blower 31 as a blower means for generating an air flow for transporting the tea leaves cut by the cutting blade 21 to the accommodating portion 40, and a blower 31 for discharging the tea leaves. An air inflow duct 32 for inflowing the cut air, a pair of rotary brushes 33 in the width direction for moving the tea leaves cut by the cutting blade 21 to the rear, and tea leaves cut by the cutting blade 21 upward and backward. It has a transport duct 34 for guiding to.

The blower 31 is a multi-blade fan driven by the power of the engine 14, and is provided between the operation input unit 11b and the engine 14 on the floor portion 11a of the main body 11 as shown in FIG. The blower 31 is arranged on the floor portion 11a so that the air discharge port faces rearward.

The air inflow duct 32 has a width dimension slightly larger than the dimension in the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade 21, and is provided behind the cutting blade 21 as shown in FIG. The upper surface of the air inflow duct 32 is formed in an arc shape in which the central portion in the width direction projects upward with respect to both ends in the width direction, and the air intake port for taking in the air discharged by the blower 31 in the central portion in the width direction. 32a is provided. The air discharge port and the air intake port 32a of the blower 31 are connected by a flexible duct 32b having flexibility. The flexible duct 32b is arranged between a pair of second duct members, which will be described later, of the transfer duct 34. On the lower end side of the air inflow duct 32, an extension portion 32c in which the air flow path extends forward in the width direction is formed, and the extension portion 32c is located below the transport duct 34. A main outlet 32d having an opening facing upward in the width direction is provided on the upper surface of the extending portion 32c located below the transport duct 34.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the pair of rotating brushes 33 includes a rotating shaft 33a and a plurality of brush units 33b provided on the outer peripheral portion of each rotating shaft 33a. The pair of rotating brushes 33 are arranged side by side in the width direction of the traveling body 10, and the cutting blades extend diagonally upward from the outside of the traveling body 10 toward the central portion in the width direction. It is rotatably supported by the frame member 33c located above the 21. In each of the rotation shafts 33a of the pair of rotation brushes 33, the ends on the widthwise central portion side of the traveling body 10 are connected to each other by, for example, a universal joint, and one rotation shaft 33a is rotated by a hydraulic motor to rotate the other. The rotation shaft 33a rotates in conjunction with each other. Further, each of the plurality of brush units 33b is a member to which a bristle material is attached to a base, and is arranged without overlapping in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 33a, and is spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 33a. Will be placed. In the brush unit 33b, the tip of the bristle has the length dimension of the bristle along the arc shape of the cutting blade 21 at the rotation position where the tip of the bristle is close to the cutting blade 21.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the transport duct 34 is a first duct member that extends upward while inclining slightly rearward from above the cutting blade 21 and has a transport path branched in the width direction of the traveling body 10 on the upper side. Each end of 34a, a pair of second duct members 34b connected to each of the branched transport paths at the upper part of the first duct member 34a and extending upward while tilting backward, and a pair of second duct members 34b. It has a pair of third duct members 34c that connect the upper part of the accommodating portion 40 and the upper part of the accommodating portion 40.

The lower width dimension of the first duct member 34a is substantially the same as the width dimension of the air inflow duct 32, and as shown in FIG. 4, the first duct member 34a is provided above the cutting blade 21 and on the front side of the air inflow duct 32. .. The first duct member 34a is provided with an inflow port 34a1 as an end opening for allowing tea leaves to flow in at positions above the cutting blade 21 at predetermined intervals. As shown in FIG. 3, the first duct member 34a is formed to have a gradually smaller width dimension from the inflow port 34a1 upward, and the tea leaf transport path is formed by the branch portion 34a2 provided in the central portion in the width direction. Branches in the width direction and extends upward.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a rear plate portion 35 is provided between the rear end portion of the inflow port 34a1 of the first duct member 34a and the rear side of the main outlet 32d. There is. The rear plate portion 35 is a member located on the front surface side of the air inflow duct 32.

Further, at a predetermined position in the rear plate portion 35 in the extending direction of the cutting blade 21, four for blowing out a part of the air flowing through the air inflow duct 32 upward at a predetermined position upward from the main outlet 32d. An auxiliary air outlet 32e is provided. The four auxiliary outlets 32e are provided in the vicinity of the branch portion 34a2 in the width direction of the first duct member 34a, respectively. Specifically, two auxiliary outlets 32e are arranged on both sides of the branch portion 34a2 in the width direction.

The auxiliary outlet 32e is formed in the rear plate portion 35. The auxiliary outlet 32e has an isosceles triangular auxiliary outlet opening 35a formed in the rear plate portion 35 with the apex angle facing downward, and the auxiliary outlet opening 35a is formed from the front by the outlet forming plate 35b. Formed by covering. The outlet forming plate 35b is formed so that the central portion in the width direction gradually projects forward from the bottom to the top, and the auxiliary outlet opening 35a is covered from the front. The portion 35a is directed upward. The dimension of the air outlet forming plate 35b projecting forward and the dimension in the width direction gradually decrease from the upper end to the lower side.

The accommodating portion 40 is composed of a box-shaped member in which a plate-shaped member having a ventilation hole is arranged on the outer peripheral portion, and an end portion of a pair of third duct members 34c of the transport duct 34 is connected to the front surface of the upper portion. The accommodating portion 40 is rotatably supported with respect to the elevating device 50 with the upper portion as the center of rotation, and by rotating the accommodating portion 40 backward by the hydraulic cylinder 41, the tea leaves accommodated therein are discharged downward.

The elevating device 50 is provided on the rear member 12b of the pair of legs 12. The elevating device 50 supports a cutting device 20, a transporting device 30 excluding the blower 31, and an accommodating portion 40, and the cutting device 20, the conveying device 30 excluding the blower 31 and the accommodating portion 40 are moved in the vertical direction by driving a hydraulic cylinder. Move to.

When performing the work of cutting tea leaves from a tea plant in the cutting machine 1 configured as described above, the operator first adjusts the distance between the pair of legs 12 according to the width of the tea plant and raises and lowers the device 50. It is driven to adjust the height of the cutting blade 21 according to the height of the tea plant. Next, the operator drives the cutting blade 21, the pair of rotating brushes 33, and the blower 31 to cut the tea leaves.

The tea leaves cut from the tea plant by the cutting blade 21 are sent backward by the rotary brush 33, discharged from the blower 31, and blown upward from the main outlet 32d and the auxiliary outlet 32e through the air inflow duct 32. It is sent upward by air. The tea leaves sent upward by the air blown out from the main outlet 32d and the auxiliary outlet 32e are discharged rearward from the ends of the pair of third duct members 34c through the transport duct 34 and into the accommodating portion 40. Be housed.

Here, in the first duct member 34a of the transport duct 34, the tea leaves transported toward the accommodating portion 40 are likely to be caught by the branch portion 34a2 when the total length cut is long. However, as shown in FIG. 5, on both outer sides of the branch portion 34a2 in the first duct member 34a, in addition to the air blown upward from the main outlet 32d, the air blown upward from the auxiliary outlet 32e. The flow rate of air increases because of the circulation of air. Therefore, in the first duct member 34a, the tea leaves sent toward the branch portion 34a2 are conveyed above the branch portion 34a2 by the air blown out from the main outlet 32d and the air blown out from the auxiliary outlet 32e. Therefore, the catching at the branch portion 34a2 is suppressed.

As described above, according to the reaper of the present embodiment, the main outlet 32d is formed behind the cutting blade 21 along the cutting blade 21, and the auxiliary outlet 32e is mowed above the main outlet 32d. It is provided at a predetermined position in the extending direction of the blade 21.

As a result, the tea leaves cut by the cutting blade 21 can be reliably transported to the accommodating portion 40 by the air blown from the main outlet 32d and the auxiliary outlet 32e, so that the yield of tea leaves can be increased. It becomes possible.

Further, the first duct member 34a of the transport duct 34 has a pair of transport paths that are branched and extend upward above the inflow port 34a1 and are arranged in the width direction of the traveling body 10 with respect to each other. The outlet 32e is arranged in the vicinity of the branch portion 34a2 located between the plurality of transport paths.

As a result, at the branch portion 34a2 where the transport of the cut tea leaves is hindered, the tea leaves are moved above the branch portion 34a2 by the air blown from the main outlet 32d and the auxiliary outlet 32e, and the accommodation portion 40 Can be reliably transported to.

Further, an auxiliary outlet 32e is formed in a rear plate portion 35 located between the rear end portion of the inflow port 34a1 of the first duct member 34a of the transport duct 34 and the rear side of the main outlet 32d.

As a result, the air blown out from the auxiliary outlet 32e can be circulated along the rear plate portion 35, so that the tea leaves that have reached the vicinity of the rear plate portion 35 can be reliably transported upward.

Further, the auxiliary outlet 32e is opened at an upper portion by forming an auxiliary outlet opening 35a in the rear plate portion 35, covering the auxiliary outlet opening 35a from the front, and projecting the auxiliary outlet 32e forward. It is formed by an outlet forming plate 35b.

As a result, the air blowing direction of the auxiliary outlet 32e can be set to be along the front surface of the rear plate portion 35, so that the tea leaves that have reached the vicinity of the rear plate portion 35 can be directed along the front surface of the rear plate portion 35. It becomes possible to carry.

Further, the dimension of the outlet forming plate 35b that protrudes forward from the upper end portion downward gradually becomes smaller.

As a result, the air blown out from the main air outlet 32d below the auxiliary air outlet 32e can be circulated along the outer surface of the air outlet forming plate 35b, and the air flow discharged from the main air outlet 32d can be circulated. It is possible to suppress the turbulence.

6 and 7 show other embodiments of the present invention. The same components as those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.

The first duct member 34d of the transport duct 34 of the present embodiment is provided with an inflow port 34d1 as an end opening for allowing tea leaves to flow in at positions at predetermined intervals above the cutting blade 21. There is. In the first duct member 34d, one transport path having a gradually smaller width dimension extending upward from the inflow port 34d1 extends upward. Further, one second duct member 34b is connected to the upper end portion of the first duct member 34d. Further, one third duct member 34c is connected to the upper end portion of the second duct member 34b.

Here, the flexible duct 32b is passed through the outside of one of the width directions of one second duct member 34b to connect the air discharge port of the blower 31 and the air intake port 32a of the air inflow duct 32. ..

Further, a plurality of auxiliary outlets 32e are provided on the central portion side in the width direction of the transport path of the first duct member 34d in the rear plate portion 35 at intervals upward from the main outlet 32d. Specifically, the four auxiliary outlets 32e are arranged at intervals in the width direction from each other on the central portion side in the width direction of the transport path of the first duct member 34d.

In the reaper 1 configured as described above, the air blown out from the main outlet 32d is uniformly blown upward in the extending direction of the main outlet 32d, but as it goes upward, the first duct member 34d The flow velocity on the center side in the width direction is slower than that on the outside in the width direction. However, in addition to the air blown upward from the main outlet 32d, the air blown upward from the auxiliary outlet 32e flows to the central portion side in the width direction of the first duct member 34d. Therefore, the decrease in the flow velocity of the air flowing through the central portion in the width direction of the first duct member 34d is suppressed by the air blown out from the auxiliary outlet 32e. Therefore, in the first duct member 34d, the cut tea leaves are conveyed upward without bias in the width direction of the first duct member 34d.

As described above, according to the reaper of the present embodiment, the tea leaves cut by the cutting blade 21 are surely reached to the accommodating portion 40 by the air blown from the main outlet 32d and the auxiliary outlet 32e, as in the above embodiment. Since it can be transported, it is possible to increase the yield of tea leaves.

Further, the first duct member 34d of the transport duct 34 has one transport path extending upward above the inflow port 34d1 so that the widthwise dimension is gradually reduced from the inflow port 34d1 to a predetermined position above. The auxiliary air outlet 32e is arranged on the side of the central portion in the width direction of the transport path.

As a result, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the flow velocity of the air flowing through the central portion in the width direction in the first duct member 34d, so that the cut tea leaves are not biased over the width direction of the first duct member 34d. It becomes possible to carry it upward.

In the above embodiment, a tea plant that cuts tea leaves from a tea plant is shown as a cutting machine, but it can be applied to a cutting machine that cuts leaves of plants other than tea leaves, such as shiso leaves.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the cutting blade 21 having an arcuate shape so that the central portion in the width direction is located upward with respect to both end sides in the width direction is shown. You may.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, as the first duct member 34d of the transport duct 34, one branched into a pair of transport paths in the width direction and one having one transport path are shown, but the first duct member 34d is It may be branched into three or more transport paths.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the crawler type traveling device 13 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the traveling device may be a traveling device that travels on tires or on laid rails.

Further, in the above embodiment, the auxiliary air outlet 32e is formed from the auxiliary air outlet opening 35a and the air outlet forming plate 35b provided in the rear plate portion 35, but the present invention is not limited to this. do not have. For example, an auxiliary outlet opening is provided in the rear plate portion, and a member for guiding air upward is provided on the rear side of the auxiliary outlet opening so that air is blown upward from the auxiliary outlet opening. You may.

Further, in the above embodiment, four auxiliary outlets 32e are provided above the main outlet 32d in the vicinity of the branch portion 34a2 in the width direction of the first duct member 34a, or the first duct member 34d is conveyed. The one provided on the central side in the width direction of the road is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this. The number of auxiliary outlets is required above the main outlet 32d, in the vicinity of the portion where tea leaves are easily caught in the width direction of the first duct member, and in the portion where the air flow velocity in the width direction of the first duct member becomes slow. It may be arranged, and is not limited to the number and position of the auxiliary outlets 32e shown in the above embodiment.

1 ... reaper, 10 ... traveling body, 20 ... reaping device, 21 ... cutting blade, 30 ... transport device, 31 ... blower, 32d ... main outlet, 32e ... auxiliary outlet, 34 ... transport duct, 34a ... first Duct member, 34a1 ... Inflow port, 34d ... First duct member, 35 ... Rear plate portion, 35a ... Auxiliary outlet opening, 35b ... Outlet forming plate.

Claims (6)

A running body that runs across the ridges and
A cutting blade that cuts the object to be cut from the ridge,
An end opening is provided above the cutting blade, and a transport duct that guides the object to be cut cut by the cutting blade toward a predetermined discharge position.
A blowing means for generating an air flow for transporting an object to be cut in the transport duct is provided.
Below the transport duct, a main outlet and an auxiliary outlet for blowing out the air sent by the blowing means upward are provided.
The main outlet is formed behind the cutting blade along the cutting blade.
A plurality of the auxiliary outlets are provided in parallel above the main outlet in the central portion in the extending direction of the cutting blade.
The auxiliary outlet comprises an outlet forming plate that blows air upward along the rear surface of the transport duct.
The air discharged from the main outlet flows along the outer surface of the outlet forming plate and flows between the auxiliary outlets in parallel.
A reaper. The transport duct has a plurality of transport paths that are branched and extend upward above the end opening and are arranged in the width direction of the traveling body.
The reaper according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary outlet is arranged in the vicinity of a branch portion located between the plurality of transport paths. The transport duct has one transport path that extends upward above the end opening, with the widthwise dimension gradually decreasing from the end opening to a predetermined position above.
The reaper according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary outlet is arranged on the central portion side in the width direction of the transport path. A rear plate portion is provided between the rear end portion of the end opening of the transport duct and the rear side of the main air outlet.
The reaper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary outlet is provided on the rear plate portion. The auxiliary outlet forms an auxiliary outlet opening in the rear plate portion, and the outlet forming plate covers the auxiliary outlet opening from the front and projects forward so that the upper portion can be raised. It is open and formed
The reaper according to claim 4. The reaper according to claim 5, wherein the outlet forming plate has a dimension that protrudes forward from the upper end portion downward.

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