JP7008297B2 - Power supply system and control method of power supply system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power supply system and a control method for the power supply system.

The introduction of the feed-in tariff (FIT) for renewable energy in July 2012 has significantly changed the non-residential photovoltaic market (public and industrial sector). According to JPEA PV OUTLOOK 2030, the ratio of non-residential use to the total domestic shipment was 50% in 2012 (relative to 3.8 GW of domestic shipment) and 73% in 2013 (relative to 8.4 GW). In the first half of 2014 (compared to the total domestic shipment of 4.3 GW in the first half), it increased significantly to 77%.

With the certification of a large amount of photovoltaic power generation equipment, if all of them are in operation, there is a concern that the amount of power supplied by photovoltaic power generation will exceed the amount of power demand during the light load period when power demand is small. Will make a grid connection on the condition of "unlimited and uncompensated output suppression".
In the future, with the further increase in the amount of grid connection for photovoltaic power generation, the implementation of output control as power supply and demand adjustment will become a reality. When output control is implemented, that amount of renewable energy is wasted, so from the perspective of efficient use of energy, the amount of energy that is wasted using a storage battery or the like (hereinafter referred to as surplus power). Is desirable to store.

Hydrogen has been attracting attention in recent years as a means of storing surplus electricity. Compared to storage using a storage battery, it has the disadvantage of a large decrease in efficiency due to the conversion of electricity to hydrogen and the conversion of hydrogen to electricity, but it is suitable for large-capacity, long-term energy storage.
As a system for producing, storing, and utilizing (generating electricity) hydrogen using electric power, for example, there is a power supply system described in Patent Document 1. The power supply system described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, a fuel cell, a load monitor device, and a monitoring control device in a consumer connected to the power system, and hydrogen is based on a demand forecast and a load fluctuation. It is a system that manufactures, stores, and uses.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-061251

In order to solve the above problems, the power supply system of the present invention has a renewable energy power source that supplies renewable energy to a consumer load, and outputs the surplus power of the renewable energy. The power generation device, the hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen using the surplus power output by the renewable energy power generation device, and the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device are stored by being stored in a hydrogen storage alloy, and described above. A hydrogen storage device that releases hydrogen stored in a hydrogen storage alloy, a fuel cell that generates power using the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device and supplies the generated power to the consumer load, and the hydrogen storage device. Gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage alloy, and gives a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen. An operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the heat source and the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device is created, and the precooling temperature of the cold / hot heat source is based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device. Alternatively, the cold / hot heat source comprises a control device for determining the preheating temperature and giving the determined preheating temperature or the preheating temperature to the cold / hot heat source, and the cold / hot heat source gives the precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device. It is divided into a source and a heat source that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device, and the heat source is divided into the fuel cell and the hydrogen storage device when the fuel cell is stopped. On the other hand, it is a power supply system having a hot water heat storage tank that gives the preheating temperature .

However, the PCT (Pressure-Composition-Temperature) of an alloy that absorbs / releases hydrogen has a wide plateau (flat) region as represented by LaNi5, and has a small PCT hysteresis during absorption / release. Are suitable. This is because the absorption pressure and the release pressure can be easily set in a limited pressure range, and a large amount of hydrogen can be absorbed / released. However, the above alloy has a problem of high flammability because it has a property of repeatedly absorbing and releasing hydrogen and becoming finely pulverized. Therefore, an alloy with low flammability is desirable from the viewpoint of safety, but the PCT of such an alloy has a narrow plateau region and a large hysteresis, so that the conventional control by pressure control has a limited pressure range. Cannot absorb / release a large amount of hydrogen.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and even if a hydrogen storage alloy having a composition requiring temperature control is used, a predetermined amount of hydrogen can be stored / released at a predetermined time, so that the amount of precooling and preheating heat can be stored. / It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system and a control method of a power supply system that can minimize time and save energy.

In order to solve the above problems, the power supply system of the present invention has a renewable energy power source that supplies renewable energy to a consumer load, and outputs the surplus power of the renewable energy. The power generation device, the hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen using the surplus power output by the renewable energy power generation device, and the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device are stored by being stored in a hydrogen storage alloy, and described above. A hydrogen storage device that releases hydrogen stored in a hydrogen storage alloy, a fuel cell that generates power using the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device and supplies the generated power to the consumer load, and the hydrogen storage device. Gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage alloy, and gives a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen. An operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the heat source and the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device is created, and the precooling temperature of the cold / hot heat source is based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device. Alternatively, the present invention includes a control device that determines the preheating temperature and causes the determined preheating temperature or the preheating temperature to be given to the cold / hot heat source.

Further, in the power supply system of the present invention, the control device estimates the surplus power from the predicted value of the consumer load and the predicted value of the renewable energy, and from the estimated value of the surplus power. An operation plan for the hydrogen production device is created, and based on the created operation plan for the hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage amount in the operation plan for the hydrogen storage device is determined, and the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage device and the hydrogen storage amount are determined. An operation plan for the fuel cell is created from the predicted electric power load of the consumer load, and the amount of hydrogen released in the operation plan for the hydrogen storage device is determined based on the created operation plan for the fuel cell.

Further, in the power supply system of the present invention, the control device determines the precooling temperature and the preheating temperature based on a PCT curve showing the relationship between the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage alloy, pressure, and temperature.

Further, in the power supply system of the present invention, the control device sets the time for the cold / hot heat source to give the precooled temperature or the preheated temperature to the cold / hot heat source, the amount of heat input to the hydrogen storage device in the past of the cold / hot heat source, and the above. It is determined by the precooling temperature or the alloy temperature indicating the preheating temperature, the specific heat of the hydrogen storage alloy, and the outside air temperature.

Further, in the control method of the power supply system of the present invention, the renewable energy power generation device has a renewable energy power source that supplies the renewable energy to the consumer load, and outputs the surplus power of the renewable energy. The renewable energy power generation process, the hydrogen production process in which the hydrogen production apparatus produces hydrogen using the surplus power output by the renewable energy power generation apparatus, and the hydrogen storage apparatus produce the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production apparatus. , The hydrogen storage step of storing by storing in a hydrogen storage alloy and releasing the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy and releasing the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy, and the fuel cell releases the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device. The power supply process of generating power using hydrogen and supplying the generated power to the consumer load, and the cold / hot heat source to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device stores hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy. A heating / cooling step of giving a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device and giving a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen, and a control device for hydrogen at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device. An operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the storage amount and the hydrogen release amount is created, the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature of the cold / hot heat source is determined based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device, and the determined precooling is determined. The cold / hot heat source comprises a control step of giving a temperature or the preheating temperature to the cold / hot heat source, and the cold / hot heat source includes a cold heat source that gives the precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device and the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device. The hot water source includes the fuel cell and the hot water heat storage tank, and the hot water heat storage tank stores the hydrogen when the fuel cell is stopped. It is a control method of a power supply system that gives the preheating temperature to an apparatus .

In the present invention, the control device creates an operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device. Further, the control device determines the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature of the cold / hot heat source based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device, and controls to give the determined precooling temperature or the preheating temperature to the cold / hot heat source.

As a result, even if a hydrogen storage alloy with a composition that requires temperature control can be used, a predetermined amount of hydrogen can be stored / released at a predetermined time, so that precooling and preheating heat / time can be minimized, which saves energy. Can be planned.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the power supply system in this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the control method of a power supply system. It is a PCT curve which showed the relationship between the hydrogen storage amount of a hydrogen storage alloy, pressure, and temperature. It is a figure for demonstrating the PCT curve of a hydrogen storage alloy. It is a figure for demonstrating the PCT curve of a hydrogen storage alloy. It is a thermal system diagram in this power supply system. It is a figure for demonstrating each operation condition and the open / closed state of a valve in this power supply system.

(Embodiment of the present invention)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a power supply system according to the present embodiment. The power supply system 100 includes a renewable energy power generation device 1, a hydrogen production device 2, a hydrogen storage device 3, a fuel cell 4, a consumer load 5, a cold / hot heat source 6, a measuring device 7, and a control device 8. ..
The control device 8 creates various operation plans necessary for controlling the hydrogen production device 2, the hydrogen storage device 3, the fuel cell 4, and the cold / hot heat source 6, and the hydrogen production device 2 is based on the created various operation plans. , Hydrogen storage device 3, fuel cell 4, and cold / hot heat source 6.
The measuring device 7 includes various measurements (renewable energy power generation device 1, hydrogen manufacturing device 2, hydrogen) necessary for the control device 8 to control the hydrogen producing device 2, the hydrogen storage device 3, the fuel cell 4, and the cold / hot heat source 6. Measurement of the output results of the storage device 3, the fuel cell 4, the consumer load 5, and the cold / hot heat source 6).
In the power supply system 100 and its control method in the present embodiment, a hydrogen storage alloy that requires temperature control as described above is used for the hydrogen storage device 3, and the renewable energy that is the output of the renewable energy power generation device 1 is used. It defines a system for producing, storing, and using hydrogen from surplus electricity, and its operating method. In particular, the power supply system 100 in the present embodiment is characterized in that the hydrogen storage device 3 is effectively precooled and preheated by the cold / hot heat source 6 in preparation for the generation of surplus power by the renewable energy power generation device 1.

The renewable energy power generation device 1 has a renewable energy power source (renewable energy power source such as solar power generation and wind power generation) that supplies renewable energy to the consumer load 5, and surplus power of the renewable energy is used. Output to the hydrogen production device 2.
The renewable energy supplied to the consumer load 5 and the surplus power supplied to the hydrogen production device 2 are measured by the measuring device 7.
The amount of power generated by the renewable energy power source supplied by the renewable energy power generation device 1 to the consumer load 5 is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M1 in FIG. 1), and can be reproduced as a measurement result for the control device 8. The amount of energy generated (measured value) is transmitted (indicated by K in FIG. 1).
The surplus power supplied by the renewable energy power generation device 1 to the hydrogen production device 2 is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M2 in FIG. 1), and the surplus power (measured value) is measured as a measurement result for the control device 8. Sent (indicated by K in FIG. 1).
The power used in the consumer load 5 (consumer load power) is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M8 in FIG. 1), and the consumer load power (actual value) is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result. (Represented by K in FIG. 1).

The control device 8 first predicts the consumer load power and the amount of renewable energy generated for a certain period after the current time (for example, for one day the next day) at a certain timing (for example, in the evening), and determines the amount of renewable energy power generation. The time zone and amount of surplus power generated are estimated from the difference between the predicted value and the predicted power value of the consumer load. Next, out of the operation plans of the hydrogen production device 2, the hydrogen storage device 3, and the fuel cell 4, the operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 is created from the estimated value of the surplus power. Since hydrogen production is performed using the surplus electric power in the hydrogen production apparatus 2, the operating time of the hydrogen production apparatus 2 and the input electric power of the hydrogen production apparatus 2 match the estimated value of the surplus electric power.
That is, the control device 8 estimates the surplus power from the predicted value of the consumer load and the predicted value of the renewable energy, and creates an operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 from the estimated value of the surplus power.
The control device 8 controls the hydrogen production device 2 based on the created operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 (indicated by S1 in FIG. 1).

The hydrogen production device 2 produces hydrogen using the surplus electric power output by the renewable energy power generation device 1.
Further, since the hydrogen production amount, which is the output of the hydrogen production device 2, is proportional to the input power of the hydrogen production device 2, the hydrogen storage amount at each time is also planned when the operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 is determined.
The hydrogen production amount, which is the output of the hydrogen production device 2, is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M3 in FIG. 1), and the hydrogen storage amount is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result (FIG. 1). Indicated by K).
That is, the control device 8 determines the hydrogen storage amount in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 based on the created operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2.

The hydrogen storage device 3 uses a hydrogen storage alloy as a hydrogen storage medium, stores hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 2 by storing it in the hydrogen storage alloy, and releases the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. do.
The hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage device 3 is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M4 in FIG. 1), and the hydrogen storage amount is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result (K in FIG. 1). show). Further, the hydrogen release amount, which is the output of the hydrogen storage device 3, is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M6 in FIG. 1), and the hydrogen release amount is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result (FIG. 1). Indicated by K).
The fuel cell 4 uses the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device 3 to generate electric power, and supplies the generated electric power to the consumer load 5.
The generated power amount, which is the output of the fuel cell 4, is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M7 in FIG. 1), and the generated power amount is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result (in FIG. 1). (Indicated by K).

The control device 8 creates an operation plan of the fuel cell 4 based on the hydrogen storage amount M4 and the actual electric power value M8 of the consumer load 5. For example, for the purpose of reducing the contract power of the consumer, an operation plan is created so that the operation is performed in the time zone when the peak power of the consumer load 5 is predicted. Since a proportional relationship is also established between the hydrogen release amount M6 from the alloy in the hydrogen storage device 3 and the power generation amount M7 of the fuel cell 4, the hydrogen release amount M6 is also planned when the operation plan of the fuel cell 4 is decided. These proportional coefficients can be calculated by the least squares method from the past actual values (actual value M8 of the hydrogen storage amount M4 and the actual power value of the consumer load 5) acquired by the measuring device 7.
That is, the control device 8 creates an operation plan of the fuel cell 4 from the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage device 3 and the electric power predicted value of the consumer load 5, and based on the created operation plan of the fuel cell 4. The amount of hydrogen released in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 is determined.
The control device 8 controls the fuel cell 4 based on the created operation plan of the fuel cell 4 (indicated by S3 in FIG. 1).
Further, the control device 8 controls the hydrogen storage device 3 based on the created operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 (shown by S2 in FIG. 1).

The cold / hot heat source 6 is a heat source that heats and cools the hydrogen storage alloy of the hydrogen storage device 3 with cold / hot water, and the hydrogen storage device 3 stores hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy at a predetermined time with respect to the hydrogen storage device 3. A precooling temperature is given, and a preheating temperature is given to the hydrogen storage device 3 at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device 3 releases hydrogen.
Since the amount of hydrogen released and the amount of hydrogen stored at a predetermined time in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 were determined by the operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 and the operation plan of the fuel cell 4 as described above, the control device 8 has a control device 8. An operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device 3 is created, and the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature of the cold / hot heat source 6 is set based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3. It is determined and the determined precooling temperature or preheating temperature is given to the cold / hot heat source 6 (indicated by S4 in FIG. 1).

Here, the time for the cold / hot heat source 6 to give the precooling temperature / preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device 3 is the amount of heat input to the past hydrogen storage device 3 of the cold / hot heat source 6, the alloy temperature indicating the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature, and the hydrogen storage. It can be determined by the specific heat of the alloy and the outside air temperature.
That is, the amount of heat input to the hydrogen storage device 3 in the past of the cold / hot heat source 6 is measured by the measuring device 7, and the input heat amount (actual measurement value) is transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result (at K in FIG. 1). show).
Further, the precooling temperature / preheating temperature given to the hydrogen storage device 3 by the cold / hot heat source 6 is measured by the measuring device 7 (indicated by M5 in FIG. 1), and the precooling temperature / preheating is measured as a measurement result for the control device 8. The temperature (measured value) is transmitted (indicated by K in FIG. 1).
The specific heat of the hydrogen storage alloy may be stored in the memory of the control device 8 in advance. Further, the outside air temperature may be measured by the measuring device 7 by a temperature sensor (not shown in FIG. 1), and the outside air temperature may be transmitted to the control device 8 as the measurement result.

Hereinafter, a method of determining an operation method of each device performed by the control device 8 will be described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control method of the power supply system.
First, the control device 8 predicts the consumer load (step ST1). That is, the control device 8 predicts the consumer load power for a certain period after the current time at a certain timing.
Next, the control device 8 predicts the amount of renewable energy power generation (step ST2). That is, the control device 8 predicts the amount of power generation of renewable energy for a certain period after the current time.
Next, the control device 8 estimates the surplus power (step ST3). That is, the control device 8 estimates the generation time zone and the generation amount of surplus power from the difference between the predicted value of the renewable energy power generation amount and the power prediction value of the consumer load.

Next, the control device 8 creates a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen storage device, and a fuel cell operation plan (step ST4). That is, the control device 8 has an operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2 among the operation plans of the hydrogen production device 2, the hydrogen storage device 3, and the fuel cell 4 from the estimated value of the surplus power and the power prediction value of the consumer load 5. To create. Since hydrogen production is performed using the surplus electric power in the hydrogen production apparatus 2, the operating time of the hydrogen production apparatus 2 and the input electric power of the hydrogen production apparatus 2 match the estimated value of the surplus electric power.
That is, the control device 8 estimates the surplus power from the predicted power value of the consumer load 5 and the predicted value of the renewable energy, and produces hydrogen from the estimated value of the surplus power and the predicted power value of the consumer load 5. Create an operation plan for the device 2.
Next, the control device 8 determines the hydrogen storage amount in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 based on the created operation plan of the hydrogen production device 2.
Next, the control device 8 creates an operation plan of the fuel cell 4 based on the hydrogen storage amount and the actual electric power value of the consumer load 5. Further, the control device 8 determines the amount of hydrogen released in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 based on the created operation plan of the fuel cell 4. As a result, the control device 8 creates an operation plan for the hydrogen storage device 3.

Next, the control device 8 sets the precooling / preheating temperature / time (step ST5). That is, since the control device 8 can obtain the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at each time by creating the operation plan, the precool / preheat temperature and time of the cold / hot heat source 6 so that the predetermined hydrogen storage and release can be performed at the predetermined time. To determine.
FIG. 3 is a PCT curve showing the relationship between the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage alloy, pressure, and temperature.
For example, it is planned to operate the fuel cell 4 for 3 hours after 6 hours, and the hydrogen storage amount is assumed to be used from 50% to 20% as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, in this case, the alloy temperature is 50% unless the temperature is 30 ° C. or higher, and up to 20% cannot be released unless the alloy temperature is 40 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the preheating temperature is set to 30 ° C. by the start of operation of the fuel cell 4 and 40 ° C. by the end of operation. As described above, the time required for preheating can be determined by the amount of heat input to the past hydrogen storage device 3 of the cold / hot heat source 6, the alloy temperature indicating the preheating temperature, the specific heat of the hydrogen storage alloy, and the outside air temperature.

As described above, the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment includes a renewable energy power generation device 1, a hydrogen production device 2, a hydrogen storage device 3, a fuel cell 4, a cold / hot heat source 6, and a control device 8. , Equipped with.
The renewable energy power generation device 1 has a renewable energy power source that supplies renewable energy to the consumer load 5, and outputs surplus power among the renewable energies.
The hydrogen production device 2 produces hydrogen using the surplus electric power output by the renewable energy power generation device 1.
The hydrogen storage device 3 stores the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device 2 by storing it in a hydrogen storage alloy, and releases the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy.
The fuel cell 4 uses the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device 3 to generate electric power, and supplies the generated electric power to the consumer load 5.
The cold / hot heat source 6 gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device 3 at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device 3 stores hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy, and the hydrogen storage device 3 releases hydrogen at a predetermined time. A preheating temperature is given to 3.
The control device 8 creates an operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device 3, and precools the cold / hot heat source 6 based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3. The temperature or preheating temperature is determined, and the determined precooling temperature or preheating temperature is given to the cold / hot heat source 6.

In the present invention, the control device 8 creates an operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3 representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device 3. Further, the control device 8 determines the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature of the cold / hot heat source 6 based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device 3, and controls the cold / hot heat source 6 to give the determined precooling temperature or the preheating temperature.
Thereby, according to the present invention, even if a hydrogen storage alloy having a composition requiring temperature control is used, a predetermined amount of hydrogen can be stored / released at a predetermined time, thereby minimizing precooling and preheating heat / time. It can be kept and energy can be saved.

Hereinafter, other embodiments of the power supply system 100 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
In the description of the embodiment of the power supply system 100 described above, precooling and preheating are performed using the cold / hot heat source 6 for precooling and preheating, but in the present embodiment, the power supply system 100 is to be an energy-saving power supply system. It is a power supply system that can precool and preheat by using the exhaust hot water (hot water) generated from the fuel cell 4 and the heat exchanged with the building.
FIG. 6 is a thermal system diagram in this power supply system. In FIG. 6, the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
As shown in FIG. 6, this power supply system includes a hydrogen storage device 3, a cold heat source 6a for cooling the hydrogen storage device 3, a heat exchanger 11 for recovering hot water from the fuel cell 4, and a fuel cell 4. , A heat exchanger 12 that exchanges heat with the cold / hot water system of the building, a hot water heat storage tank 6b, a heat exchanger 13 that exchanges heat with the hot water heat storage tank 6b, pumps 21 to 23, and a heat medium flow path are converted. It is configured to include valves 31 to 38.
Here, as shown in FIG. 6, in the power supply system 100 shown in FIG. 1, the cold / hot heat source 6 is used for heating and cooling, but in this power supply system, the cold heat source 6a is used as the cold heat source. It has a fuel cell 4 and a hot water heat storage tank 6b. That is, this power supply system uses the exhaust hot water of the fuel cell 4 as a hot water source, and has a hot water heat storage tank 6b for supplying hot water when the fuel cell 4 is stopped.

Hereinafter, the operation method for each operation in this power supply system will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining each operating condition and the open / closed state of the valve in this power supply system. FIG. 7 shows valves 31 to H under each condition A to H regarding the presence / absence of building connection, cooling / heating of the hydrogen storage device 3, ON / OFF of fuel cell 4 operation, and residual heat storage state of the hot water heat storage tank 6b. It shows ON (open state) and OFF (closed state) of 38. Here, the presence / absence of building connection indicates a condition in which heat exchange with the building is performed (yes) or not (no). Further, the cooling / heating of the hydrogen storage device 3 represents a condition of whether the hydrogen storage device 3 is cooled (cooled) or heated (heated). Further, ON / OFF of the operation of the fuel cell 4 represents a condition of whether the fuel cell 4 is operated (ON) or not operated (OFF). Further, the residual heat storage state of the hot water heat storage tank 6b represents a condition of whether there is residual heat storage (−) or a state where there is no residual heat and the livestock is full (full).

First, when cooling the hydrogen storage device 3, the cold heat source 6a is operated, and cold water from the cold heat source 6a is supplied to the hydrogen storage device 3. This is executed under the conditions shown in the operating condition A of FIG. 7. That is, with the fuel cell 4 turned off, cold water from the cold heat source 6a is supplied to the hydrogen storage device 3 via the valves 35 and 37 that are turned on.

Next, when the hydrogen storage device 3 is heated, hot water is preferentially supplied from the hot water storage tank 6b to the hydrogen storage device 3. This is executed under the conditions shown in the operating condition B of FIG. 7. That is, with the fuel cell 4 turned off, the valve 37 is turned off and the valve 38 is turned on, so that hot water is supplied from the hot water heat storage tank 6b to the hydrogen storage device 3.

Subsequently, the hydrogen storage device 3 is heated, hydrogen release starts, and after the fuel cell 4 is operated, hot water is supplied to the hydrogen storage device 3 by the fuel cell 4. At this time, heat is simultaneously stored in the hot water heat storage tank 6b via the heat exchanger 11. This is executed under the conditions shown in the operating condition C of FIG. 7. That is, the hot water from the fuel cell 4 is turned on by turning off the valve 35 and turning on the valve 36 in a state where the fuel cell 4 has changed from the OFF state of the condition shown in the operating condition B to the ON state. The hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen storage device 3 via the valve 38, and heat is simultaneously stored in the hot water heat storage tank 6b via the heat exchanger 11.

Next, when the hot water heat storage tank 6b becomes full and the heat exchanger inlet temperature of the fuel cell 4 exceeds a certain value, cooling by the cold heat source 6a is also performed. This is executed under the conditions shown in the operating condition D of FIG. 7. That is, when the fuel cell 4 is ON, the valve 37 is turned ON and the valve 38 is turned OFF, so that cold water from the cold heat source 6a is supplied to the hydrogen storage device 3 via the ON valve 37. ..
The above is the operation of the power supply system when the heat exchange with the building is not performed, and when the heat exchange with the building is possible, as shown in the operating conditions E to H in FIG. 7, with the building. Heat exchange is performed via the heat exchanger 12, and the hydrogen storage alloy is cooled, heated, and heat is stored in the hot water heat storage tank 6b.

As described above, in this power supply system, the cold / hot heat source 6 includes a cold heat source 6a that gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device 3 and a hot source that gives a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device 3. The heat source is divided into a fuel cell 4 and a hot water heat storage tank 6b that gives a preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device 3 when the fuel cell 4 is stopped.
Thereby, according to the present invention, preheating and precooling can be performed by using the exhaust hot water (hot water) generated by the fuel cell 4 and the hot water storage tank 6b and the heat exchanged with the building, so that further energy saving can be achieved.

The control device 8 in the above-described embodiment may be realized by a computer. In that case, the program for realizing this function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read by a computer system and executed. The term "computer system" as used herein includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices. Further, the "computer-readable recording medium" refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, or a CD-ROM, and a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. Further, a "computer-readable recording medium" is a communication line for transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line, and dynamically holds the program for a short period of time. It may also include a program that holds a program for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system that is a server or a client in that case. Further, the above program may be for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and may be further realized for realizing the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system. It may be realized by using a programmable logic device such as FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the above, and various design changes and the like are made without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is possible to do.

1 ... Renewable energy power generation device, 2 ... Hydrogen production device, 3 ... Hydrogen storage device, 4 ... Fuel cell, 5 ... Consumer load, 6 ... Cold / hot heat source, 6a ... Cold heat source, 6b ... Hot water storage tank, 7 ... Measurement Device, 8 ... Control device, 100 ... Power supply system

Claims (5)

A renewable energy power generation device that has a renewable energy power source that supplies renewable energy to a consumer load and outputs surplus power among the renewable energies.
A hydrogen production device that produces hydrogen using the surplus power output by the renewable energy power generation device, and a hydrogen production device.
A hydrogen storage device that stores hydrogen produced by the hydrogen storage device by storing it in a hydrogen storage alloy and releases the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy.
A fuel cell that uses the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device to generate electricity and supplies the generated power to the consumer load.
The hydrogen storage device gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time for storing hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy, and preheats the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen. A cold and hot heat source that gives temperature,
An operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device is created, and the precooling temperature or the preheating of the cold / hot heat source is based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device. A control device that determines the temperature and causes the determined precooling temperature or the preheating temperature to be given to the cold / hot heat source.
Equipped with
The cold / hot heat source is
It is divided into a cold heat source that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device and a hot heat source that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device.
The heat source includes the fuel cell and a hot water heat storage tank that gives the preheat temperature to the hydrogen storage device when the fuel cell is stopped.
Power supply system. The control device is
The surplus power is estimated from the predicted value of the consumer load and the predicted value of the renewable energy, and the operation plan of the hydrogen production apparatus is created from the estimated value of the surplus power. Based on the operation plan of the hydrogen production device, the hydrogen storage amount in the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device is determined.
An operation plan for the fuel cell is created from the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage device and the predicted power value of the consumer load, and the operation plan for the hydrogen storage device is based on the created operation plan for the fuel cell. Determines the amount of hydrogen released in
The power supply system according to claim 1. The control device is
The precooling temperature and the preheating temperature are determined based on a PCT curve showing the relationship between the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage alloy, pressure, and temperature.
The power supply system according to claim 1 or 2. In the control device, the time for which the cold / hot heat source gives the precooling temperature or the preheating temperature to the cold / hot heat source is the amount of heat input to the hydrogen storage device in the past of the cold / hot heat source, the precooling temperature or the alloy temperature indicating the preheating temperature. , Determined by the specific heat and outside air temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy,
The power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A renewable energy power generation process in which a renewable energy power generation device has a renewable energy power source that supplies renewable energy to a consumer load and outputs surplus power of the renewable energy, and a renewable energy power generation process.
A hydrogen production process in which a hydrogen production apparatus produces hydrogen using surplus electric power output by the renewable energy power generation apparatus.
The hydrogen storage device stores the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device by storing it in the hydrogen storage alloy, and releases the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy to release the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage alloy. Storage process and
A power supply process in which the fuel cell uses the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device to generate electricity and supplies the generated power to the consumer load.
The cold / hot heat source gives a precooling temperature to the hydrogen storage device at a predetermined time when the hydrogen storage device stores hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy, and the hydrogen storage device releases hydrogen at a predetermined time. The heating and cooling process that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage alloy
The control device creates an operation plan of the hydrogen storage device representing the hydrogen storage amount and the hydrogen release amount at a predetermined time of the hydrogen storage device, and precools the cold / hot heat source based on the operation plan of the hydrogen storage device. A control step of determining the temperature or the preheating temperature and causing the determined precooling temperature or the preheating temperature to be given to the cold / hot heat source.
Equipped with
The cold / hot heat source is
It is divided into a cold heat source that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device and a hot heat source that gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device.
The heat source includes the fuel cell and a hot water heat storage tank.
The hot water heat storage tank gives the preheating temperature to the hydrogen storage device when the fuel cell is stopped.
How to control the power supply system.

Images