JP7008037B2 - Lamping inserts and high feed milling tool assemblies - Google Patents

Description

The subject matter of this application relates to a high feed milling tool assembly with tools and inserts for ramping and high feed metal machining operations. More specifically, the subject relates to a ramping insert configured to be indexed into exactly four operating positions on the tool (two indexable positions per rake face).

High feed milling assemblies typically feature structures designed to perform shoulder milling operations within the insert load range of 0.5 mm to 2 mm. A combination of moderate tip loading and predominantly axial forces can provide relatively high tool feed rates for such assemblies.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a high feed milling tool. Of note is the related explanation of how the approach angle (K') and medium depth of cut shown in FIG. 9 are offset by the improved tool feed rate (ie high feed). (FIG. 11, paragraph [0051]). The ramping operation is described in paragraph [0056] with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14. Further, it is stated that the insert can be indexed into four different positions (paragraph [0058]). It will also be noted that the disclosed inserts have a significantly non-parallel peripheral surface extending from the top surface 15 to the bottom surface 16 to provide the desired escape. A further feature disclosed is the chamfered surface 35 provided for escape (FIG. 5, paragraph [0047]).

Patent Document 2 discloses another milling tool and cutting insert of interest. However, as best understood from at least FIG. 16, the illustrated cutting inserts and insert pockets differ significantly from those described below.

Patent Document 3 discloses a cutting insert attached to a cutter body for face milling and ramping. The authors of this document have the unique axial orientation of a standard negative type square cutting insert that allows high feed face milling and ramping to be replaced by insert relief without changing the position of the cutting insert in the cutter body. And the opinion is that it is not possible to obtain a radial position, but that this is not the case for positive type inserts with natural relief (paragraph [0006]). Further, the disclosed inserts are configured to be capable of indexing to a plurality of different positions.

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0111925A1 International Publication No. 2014/156225 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0129432

Generally speaking, a cutting insert that can be indexed to a larger number of positions is more cost effective than a cutting insert that is configured to be indexed to a smaller number of positions. Nonetheless, it is configured only for four indexable positions and probably requires complex tools to provide the required clearance, but is relatively easy to manufacture and still has ramping and high feed motion. A feasible ramping insert according to the subject matter of this application would be able to compete with a cutting insert with a larger number of indexable positions or a tool with a simpler design.

According to the first aspect of the subject matter of the present application, the first and second rake surfaces facing each other, the insert peripheral surface connected to the first and second rake surfaces, and the insert opening on both sides of the insert peripheral surface. First and second threaded holes extending along the intersection of the insert threaded hole with the insert threaded hole axis and the corresponding portion of the insert peripheral surface and the corresponding one of the first and second rake surfaces. A ramping insert with a cutting edge of the above, wherein each of the first and second cutting edges has a first ramping sub-blade, a first lateral sub-blade, and a first ramping sub-blade. And the first feed sub-blade connected to the first side sub-blade, the second ramping sub-blade connected to the first side sub-blade, and the first ramping sub-blade. It is provided with a second side sub-blade, a second ramping sub-blade, and a second feed sub-blade connected to the second side sub-blade, and each of the ramping and feed sub-blades. Is longer than each of the side sub-blades, the maximum rake face length of each rake face is measurable between its first and second side sub-blades, and each of the ramping and feed sub-blades is on the side. Lamping inserts are provided that converge as they approach the side blade and are connected to each other.

According to another aspect of the subject matter of the present application, a ramping insert with ramping and feed sub-blades, the ramping and feed sub-blades converge as they approach the side sub-blades. An insert for ramping to be connected is provided.

According to yet another aspect of the subject matter of the present application, each of the two opposing rake faces is provided with two ramping sub-blades, two feed sub-blades and two side sub-blades for ramping. A ramping insert is provided in which each of the feed and feed sub-blades is longer than each side sub-blade.

According to yet another aspect of the subject matter of the present application, at the intersection of the opposing first and second rake planes, the insert peripheral surface, and the corresponding one of the insert peripheral surface and the first and second rake faces. A ramping insert having first and second cutting edges extending along it and insert screw holes opening on both sides of the insert peripheral surface, wherein the insert peripheral surface has a first ramping partial surface. A first lateral partial surface, a first feeding partial surface connected to a first ramping partial surface and a first lateral partial surface, and a second connected to a first lateral partial surface. Ramping partial surface, a second lateral partial surface connected to the first ramping partial surface, and a second feed connected to the second ramping partial surface and the second lateral partial surface. A ramping insert is provided with a partial surface.

According to another aspect of the subject matter of the present application, a ramping insert with a ramping sub-blade and a feed sub-blade, the ramping sub-blade is pointed at its end in close proximity to the feed sub-blade. A ramping insert is provided that comprises a ramping corner portion and the feed sub-blade has a pointed feed corner portion at its end in close proximity to the feed sub-blade.

In other words, according to any of the above embodiments, the ramping and feed auxiliary blades of the ramping insert may be connected via two adjacent pointed corners.

According to another aspect, a high feed milling tool configured to rotate in a rotational direction about a rotation axis is provided. This axis of rotation defines the forward and backward directions, the tool has an insert pocket, the insert pocket has a pocket upper surface, the pocket upper surface has first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces, and the first pocket upper surface portion. The surface is adjacent to the tool peripheral surface and extends in the forward direction as it approaches the tool peripheral surface, and the upper surface portion surface of the second pocket is adjacent to the pocket side surface and extends in the forward direction as it approaches the pocket side surface. There is.

According to another aspect, a high feed milling tool configured to rotate in a rotational direction about a rotation axis is provided. The axis of rotation defines the forward and backward directions, and this tool is formed at the intersection of the tool end face, the tool peripheral surface extending rearward from the tool end face, and the tool peripheral surface extending in the circumferential direction. It is provided with an insert pocket formed at the intersection of the tool end surface and the tool peripheral surface, and an insert pocket that opens into the groove, and the insert pocket is provided from the tool peripheral surface. The back of the pocket extending inward and facing the direction of rotation, the side of the pocket extending from the back of the pocket to the groove, the side of the pocket facing outward, and the side of the pocket from the tool peripheral surface to the side of the pocket. It is the upper surface of the pocket that extends inward to the inside, and has a pocket upper surface that extends further from the back of the pocket to the groove, and a pocket screw hole that opens to the upper surface of the pocket. The upper surface comprises the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces, the first pocket upper surface partial surface is adjacent to the tool peripheral surface, and as it approaches the tool peripheral surface, it extends more in the forward direction and extends in the forward direction, and the second pocket upper surface. The partial surface is adjacent to the side surface of the pocket and extends more forward as it approaches, and the upper surface partial surfaces of the first and second pockets extend more forward as it approaches the groove. ..

According to still another aspect, the ramping insert obtained by the first aspect, the tool obtained by the above aspect, and the screw for fastening the ramping insert to the insert pocket of the tool via the insert and the pocket screw hole are provided in combination. High feed milling tool assembly is provided. The tool and ramping inserts are provided so that the insert peripheral surface abuts on each of the pocket side surface and the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces, and one of the first and second rake surfaces abuts on the pocket back surface. Is composed of.

According to another aspect, a high feed milling tool assembly is provided that comprises a combination of a tool according to any one of the above tool embodiments and a cutting insert according to any one of the above cutting insert embodiments.

It will be appreciated that the above is an overview and that any of the above embodiments may be provided with any of the features described below. Specifically, the following features may be applicable to any of the above embodiments, alone or in combination.

A. The insert may include first and second cutting edges extending along the intersection of the insert peripheral surface and the corresponding one of the first and second rake surfaces.

B. The first and second cutting edges may extend farther from the central height plane than the first and second rake planes. The feed sub-blade extends farther from the central height plane than the ramping sub-blade at least at the connection point with the side sub-blade, at least at the connection point between the ramping sub-blade and the side sub-blade. obtain. Each feed auxiliary blade can be in a single plane perpendicular to the center height plane. Each ramping sub-blade can be tilted to be closer to the central height plane as it approaches the connection point with the lateral sub-blade. Such an inclination can help strengthen the lateral secondary blade by narrowing the relatively high rake angle that would otherwise be formed there. As a result, the machining capacity of the side auxiliary blade can be improved.

C. Each of the first and second cutting edges may have a negative land angle α (ie, an inward-downward tilt from each cutting edge to the corresponding rake face of the insert). Negative rands are considered to be convenient, at least for high feed shoulder shaving movements.

D. The insert may include opposing first and second rake faces.

E. Each rake face may include a rake contact surface. Each rake abutment surface may include first and second rake abutment partial surfaces located on either side of the central longitudinal plane, respectively. Each rake abutment surface can be tilted away from the central height plane as it approaches the central longitudinal plane.

F. The rake faces of the insert can all be the same.

G. The first and second rake faces may lack protrusions. In particular, protruding parts that can hinder the tip flow. Each of the first and second rake planes may have a central rake face region that can be flat.

H. The insert may include an insert peripheral surface. The insert peripheral surface may connect the first and second rake surfaces of the insert.

I. The insert peripheral surface includes a first ramping partial surface, a first lateral partial surface, and a first feeding partial surface connected to the first ramping partial surface and the first lateral partial surface. , A second ramping partial surface connected to the first lateral partial surface, a second lateral partial surface connected to the first ramping partial surface, a second ramping partial surface and a second It may be provided with a second feed partial surface connected to the side partial surface of 2.

J. The insert peripheral surface may extend in parallel from the first cutting edge to the second cutting edge. The absence of an inclined flank (eg, flank "22" disclosed in Patent Document 1) may result in a more complex tool design if a clearance for the insert is provided. Nevertheless, such a design can result in a simpler insert manufacturing process. For example, the insert may be stampable to final dimensions. This is believed to offset known shortcomings.

K. The peripheral surface of the insert may lack a relief portion. The absence of a relief portion (eg, chamfered surface "35" disclosed in Patent Document 1) can result in a more complex tool design if a relief for the insert is provided. Nevertheless, it is believed that such a design could result in a simpler insert manufacturing process. For example, the insert may be stamped to final dimensions. This is believed to offset known shortcomings.

L. The insert may include insert threaded holes that open on both sides of the insert peripheral surface. Insert screw holes can be opened on the partial surface of the insert peripheral surface inclined with respect to each other on each side of the insert peripheral surface. Insert screw holes can be opened on both the ramping and feed partial surfaces on each side of the insert peripheral surface. Insert screw holes can be opened in the first ramping and feed partial surface as well as the second ramping and feed partial surface. The insert screw holes can be equidistant from both side partial faces. The insert screw holes may be equidistant from both rake faces. The insert screw hole may have an insert screw hole axis. The insert thread hole axis can exist along (or be contained within) a central thickness plane and can be perpendicular to the central longitudinal plane. The thickness of the screw holes can increase as they approach each of the first and second rake planes.

M. Each cutting edge includes a first ramping sub-blade, a first side sub-blade, a first ramping sub-blade, and a first feed sub-blade connected to the first side sub-blade. , A second ramping sub-blade connected to the first side sub-blade, a second side sub-blade connected to the first ramping sub-blade, a second ramping sub-blade and a second It may be equipped with a second feed auxiliary blade connected to the side auxiliary blade of 2.

N. Each ramping sub-blade can be longer than each side sub-blade. Even if it is logical that the ramping sub-blade is smaller than the other sub-blades of the insert, the time during which the ramping operation is performed certainly accounts for a small percentage of the total machining time compared to the primary shoulder milling operation. Since there is no such thing, it has been found that providing a relatively long auxiliary blade for ramping can partially solve the escape problem that complicates the manufacture of inserts.

O. Each feed sub-blade can be longer than each side sub-blade. This can improve the efficiency of the primary milling operation using the feed auxiliary blade, that is, shoulder cutting.

P. Each feed sub-blade can be longer than each ramping sub-blade. This can improve the efficiency of the primary milling operation using the feed auxiliary blade, that is, shoulder cutting. The straight portion of the ramping auxiliary blade may have a length of 70% ± 15% of the length of the linear portion of the adjacent feed auxiliary blade.

Q. Each of the ramping and feed sub-blades can converge as they approach the side sub-blades to be connected.

R. Each ramping auxiliary blade on the rake face may form a sharp insert ramping internal angle with respect to the central longitudinal plane. The insert ramping angle k0 may satisfy the condition (5 ° ≦ k0 ≦ 30 °). The insert ramping angle k0 preferably satisfies the condition (15 ° ± 5 °). The orientation of the partial surface of the insert peripheral surface adjacent to the ramping sub-blade may be the same angle as the ramping sub-blade.

S. Each feed auxiliary blade on the rake face can form a sharp insert approach internal angle k1 with respect to the central longitudinal plane. The insert approach angle k1 may satisfy the condition (5 ° ≦ k1 ≦ 30 °). The insert approach angle k1 preferably satisfies the condition (15 ° ± 5 °). The orientation of the partial surface of the insert peripheral surface adjacent to the feed auxiliary blade may be the same angle as the feed auxiliary blade.

T. The insert ramping angle k0 and the insert approach angle k1 can be equal. However, in some situations, for example, for inserts configured for tools with relatively small diameters, the insert approach angle k1 can be greater than the insert ramping angle k0. This may allow for an acceptable depth (and thus feed rate), even if the ramping function is less efficient.

U. The ramping insert includes a first internal angle R2 formed between a linear extension portion and an adjacent first ramping auxiliary blade, and a first feed auxiliary blade adjacent to the linear extension portion. It may be provided with a second internal angle R1 formed between the two. The first internal angle R2 can be unequal to the second internal angle R1 . The first internal angle R2 is preferably larger than the second internal angle R1 .

V. Each side auxiliary blade can be bisected by the central longitudinal plane.

W. Each side sub-blade may include a straight section. Unless otherwise stated, the term "straight-line portion" with respect to any secondary blade refers to a view facing the rake face (such as that shown in FIG. 2C). It is believed that side auxiliary blades with straight portions can result in significantly longer machining tool life than curved side auxiliary blades. Such straight portions can be between 45 ± 20% of the total lateral sub-blade length. Generally speaking, the term "total" used with respect to the length of the secondary blade includes both corners of the secondary blade (up to the connection point with the adjacent secondary blade) and the rest of the secondary blade in between. ..

X. The straight portions of the lateral auxiliary blades on the same rake face can be parallel to each other. The straight portions of the lateral auxiliary blades on the first and second rake planes can be parallel to each other. The straight portion of the lateral secondary blade on the rake plane can only be parallel to the straight portion on the same rake plane.

Y. The orientation of the partial surface of the insert peripheral surface adjacent to the side sub-blade can be the same angle as the side sub-blade. The straight portion of the lateral auxiliary blade may have a length that is 15% ± 5% of the maximum thickness of the measurable insert, parallel to the central thickness plane and parallel to the insert screw hole axis.

Z. The straight portion of the lateral auxiliary blade may have a length of 13% ± 5% of the total length of the ramping auxiliary blade. The side sub-blade straight portion may have a length that is 13% ± 5% of the total length of the feed sub-blade.

AA. Each side auxiliary blade may be provided with a corner portion at each end thereof.

BB. Each ramping secondary blade may include a straight portion. The straight portions of the ramping auxiliary blades on the same rake face can be parallel to each other. The straight portions of all ramping auxiliary blades of the insert can be parallel to each other. The straight portion can be 85% ± 5% of the total length of the ramping auxiliary blade.

CC. Each ramping auxiliary blade may be provided with a corner portion at each end thereof.

DD. Each feed auxiliary blade may include a straight portion. The straight portions of the feed auxiliary blades on the same rake face can be parallel to each other. The straight portions of all feed auxiliary blades of the insert can be parallel to each other. The straight portion can be 85% ± 5% of the total length of the feed auxiliary blade.

EE. Each feed auxiliary blade may be provided with a corner portion at each end thereof.

FF. The straight portions of the ramping and feed auxiliary blades may have the same length.

GG. It is preferable that the corner portion of the auxiliary blade can be curved. Such bends can allow simplification of the manufacturing process, even though the curved corners may be sharper or chamfered and less accurate than the corners.

HH. The connection point between adjacent blades may be located in the center of the corner formed by the adjacent corner portions of the adjacent blades. For example, each ramping sub-blade can be provided with a corner portion, and each feed sub-blade can be provided with a corner portion adjacent to the corner portion of the ramping sub-blade for ramping to the feed sub-blade. The connecting point of the auxiliary blade is located at the center of the corner formed by the adjacent corner portions. In general, the ramping and feed auxiliary blades may be connected at a connection point located in the center of the corner formed by the adjacent corner portions. Similarly, the ramping and side auxiliary blades may be connected at a connection point located in the center of the corner formed by the adjacent corner portions. Similarly, the feed and side auxiliary blades may be connected at a connection point located in the center of the corner formed by the adjacent corner portions.

II. The connection points of the adjacent ramping and feed auxiliary blades may all be on the central thickness plane. The connection points of the adjacent ramping and feed auxiliary blades may be on different sides of the central thickness plane.

JJ. The connection points of the adjacent ramping and feed auxiliary blades can all be located on a plane parallel to the central thickness plane.

KK. The central thickness plane may include a rake axis and an insert threaded hole axis to bisect the first and second rake planes.

LL. The central longitudinal plane can bisect the first and second rake planes and extend perpendicular to the central thickness plane.

MM. The central height plane can be located midway between the first and second rake planes and can extend perpendicular to the central thickness plane and the central longitudinal plane.

NN. The maximum thickness of the insert may be measurable between the connection points of adjacent ramping and feed auxiliary blades.

OO. The maximum thickness of the insert can be measured parallel to the insert thread hole axis.

PP. The maximum rake face length on each rake face may be measurable between its first and second lateral auxiliary blades. The length that can be measured parallel to the central longitudinal plane between the first and second side blades can be greater than all other lengths that can be measured along the rake face between the other blades.

QQ. The longitudinal rake face length _LLR on each rake face can be measurable parallel to the central longitudinal plane. The longitudinal rake face length _{L LR} can be greater than the maximum thickness TM that can be measured perpendicular to the central longitudinal plane. The longitudinal rake face length _{L LR} preferably satisfies the condition (2.3 TM ± 0.5 _TM ).

RR. The longitudinal rake face length L _LR on each rake face can be greater than the maximum height _HM that can be measured parallel to the height plane. The maximum length preferably satisfies the condition (1.5 _HM ± 0.3 _HM ).

SS. The rake axis can extend through the center of the first and second rake planes.

TT. The insert may have a measurable maximum height parallel to the rake axis.

UU. The insert may have a measurable maximum thickness parallel to the central thickness plane.

VV. The maximum height of the insert can be greater than its maximum thickness.

WW. The insert may be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about a rake axis extending through the center of the first and second rake planes and / or extend along the intersection of the central thickness and height planes. It can be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the insert screw hole axis perpendicular to the rake axis. The insert can be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about a height axis perpendicular to the rake axis that extends along the intersection of the central thickness and the height plane.

XX. Each ramping sub-blade may include a pointed ramp corner. The sharp corner portion for the lamp is the corner portion of the auxiliary blade for ramping that is closest to the auxiliary blade for feeding.

YY. Each feed auxiliary blade may include a pointed feed corner portion adjacent to the pointed lamp corner portion.

ZZ. The linear extension can be defined between the discontinuities of the pointed ramp and feed corners. The linear extension portion may have a length between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm. It is preferred that the linear extension portion can have a length of less than 0.75 mm. The linear extension portion may have a length less than a quarter of the length of the linear portion of the feed auxiliary blade. The linear extension portion preferably has a length of 1/6 or less of the length of the straight portion of the feed auxiliary blade.

AAA. Each of the first and second cutting edges can be located in one plane. It will be understood that this means that each of the first and second cutting edges is located on a different plane. However, it is preferred that these different planes can be parallel to each other.

BBB. The tool may be configured to rotate in the direction of rotation about a rotation axis that defines the forward and backward directions.

CCC. The tool may comprise a tool end face and a circumferentially extending tool peripheral surface extending posteriorly from the tool end face.

DDD. A groove may be formed at the intersection of the tool end surface and the tool peripheral surface, and the groove may extend rearward from the groove.

EEE. An insert pocket may be formed at the intersection of the tool end face and the tool peripheral surface. The insert pocket may open in the groove.

FFF. Insert pockets may include pocket sides. The sides of the pocket can extend from the back of the pocket to the groove. The side surface of the pocket can extend from the top surface of the pocket to the groove. The sides of the pocket can face outward.

GGG. The side surface of the pocket may include a side contact portion surface. The side contact surface may extend perpendicular to the tool plane extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

HHH. The insert pocket may include the back of the pocket. The back of the pocket can extend inward from the tool periphery. The back of the pocket may face in the direction of rotation.

III. The back of the pocket may include a back contact surface. The back contact surface may be formed by providing a back relief recess that divides the back contact surface into two back contact portions. While such divisions can reduce the contact area with the cutting insert, they can accommodate inserts manufactured with lower precision and thus simplify the manufacture of the insert. The back contact surface may be axially located along the lower half of the insert pocket (ie, the half of the insert pocket closest to the tool end face).

JJJ. The back contact surface or back contact portion surface can be tilted with respect to the pocket screw hole axis such that the back contact portion surface further extends in the rotational direction as it approaches the tool end face.

KKK. The insert pocket may include a pocket top surface. The upper surface of the pocket may extend inward from the peripheral surface of the tool to the side surface of the pocket. The top surface of the pocket can extend from the back surface of the pocket to the groove.

LLL. The upper surface of the pocket may include a partial surface of the upper surface of the first and second pockets.

MMM. The partial surface of the upper surface of the first pocket may be adjacent to the peripheral surface of the tool, and may extend in the more forward direction as the peripheral surface of the tool is approached.

NNN. The partial surface of the upper surface of the second pocket may be adjacent to the side surface of the pocket and may extend more forward as it approaches the side surface of the pocket.

OOO. Both the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces can extend more forward as they approach the groove. Such extension is not desirable for machining, but is believed to be offset by the possibility of making simpler inserts.

PPP. The insert pocket may include a pocket screw hole. Pocket screw holes can be opened on the top surface of the pocket.

QQQ. The assembly may include a tool, a ramping insert, and a screw configured to fasten the insert to the tool's insert pocket.

RRR. The assembly may include multiple ramping inserts.

SSS. For tool and ramping inserts, the insert peripheral surface of the ramping insert should be in contact with the side surface of the pocket of the tool and the upper surface partial surfaces of the first and second pockets, and the first and second rake surfaces of the ramping insert. One can be configured to abut on the back of the tool pocket. The ramping insert may be configured to be indexable such that different portions of the insert peripheral surface are in contact with the pocket side surface of the tool and the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces. In addition, the ramping insert may be configured to be flipped so that the other rake face is in contact with the back of the tool pocket (and indexable in a flipped position). The tool and / or the ramping insert may be configured to fasten the ramping insert into the insert pocket in exactly four different positions.

TTT. In the figure of the back surface of the pocket of the tool in the direction opposite to the rotation direction, the upper surface portion surface of the first pocket may form a sharp first tool internal angle k2 with respect to the tool plane extending perpendicular to the rotation axis. The upper surface partial surface of the second pocket may form a second tool internal angle k3 that is sharp with respect to the tool plane. The first and second tool angles may satisfy the conditions (6 ° ≤ k2, k3 ≤ 31 °). It is believed that better performance can be achieved at approach angles closer to 15.5 °. Therefore, it is preferable that the first and second tool angles satisfy the condition (15.5 ° ± 5 °).

UUU. The first and second tool angles k2, k3 can be equalized.

VVV. The top surface of the first and second pockets may extend over equal radial distances. The term "radial" is used only in a general sense and, as understood from the drawings, refers approximately inward-outward (in a plane perpendicular to its axis of rotation) the axis of rotation of the tool. It does not always point in the exact direction.

WWW. The upper surface of the pocket may be formed by providing an upper surface relief recess between the partial surfaces of the upper surface of the first and second pockets. Having an upper surface relief recess between the upper surface partial surfaces of the first and second pockets can reduce the contact area with the cutting insert, while allowing lower precision manufactured inserts to be accommodated, thus simplifying insert manufacturing. Can be transformed.

XXX. The tool may include several (n) insert pockets. These insert pockets may be equidistant in the circumferential direction along the tool periphery. All of these insert pockets can be the same. The number of insert pockets (n) in the tool can be equal to the integer closest to the result of dividing the cutting diameter of the tool, measured in millimeters, by 10.

YYY. The sum of the first and second tool approach angles k2, k3 can be greater than the sum of the insert ramping and approach angles k0, k1. Although this reduces the contact area between the insert and the tool, these drawbacks are believed to be offset by allowing for a simpler insert manufacturing process.

ZZZ. It is preferred that the tool assembly can be configured for a depth of cut _ap that satisfies the condition (1 mm ≤ a _p ≤ 2.5 mm). It is considered that better performance can be realized with a depth of cut _ap closer to 1.85 mm. Therefore, it is preferable that the depth of cut _ap satisfies the condition (1.85 mm ± 0.5 mm). A _suitable ratio of a to length satisfies the condition (1:15 to 1: 6).

In the above and below specifications, values followed by a range with the symbol "±" are considered to be optimal values, and values in the range closer to this optimal value are more preferred than values farther from it.

Understand that all inserts mentioned herein and in the claims are ramping inserts and may refer to the term "insert" without the term "lamping" preceded for brevity. Will be done. Similarly, the term "high feed milling tool" can also appear in the abbreviation for the term "tool" alone.

In the following, reference will be made to the accompanying drawings for a deeper understanding of the subject matter of this application and to show how the subject matter of this application can actually be implemented.

It is a perspective view of a tool assembly. FIG. 1A is an end view of the assembly of FIG. 1A. FIG. 1B is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A and 1B (ie, along the rake axis of the insert) perpendicular to the rake plane of the ramping insert in the right corner of the figure. It is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A-1C rotated from the figure of FIG. 1C so as to be perpendicular to the side partial surface of the ramping insert in the center of the figure. It is a top view of the ramping insert of the front milling cutter of FIGS. 1A to 1D. 2A is a side view of the ramping insert of FIG. 2A. It is a front view of the ramping insert of FIGS. 2A and 2B, which can be regarded as a view perpendicular to the rake plane (that is, a view along the rake axis). 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2D-2D of FIG. 2A. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2E-2E of FIG. 2A. It is a figure which shows the part of the assembly of FIG. 1C. It is a figure corresponding to the figure of FIG. 3A which shows only a tool. It is sectional drawing which follows the line 3C-3C of FIG. 3A. FIG. 3B is a perspective view of the insert pocket of the tool shown in FIG. 3B. It is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A to 1D which performs a shoulder-shaving operation on a work (that is, the material is removed from the main surface, not from an adjacent step portion). It is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A-1D which performs the combined operation of shoulder cutting and front cutting with respect to a work (that is, the material is removed from both the main surface and the adjacent step portion). It is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A-1D which performs a ramping operation with respect to the partially shown main surface of a work. It is a side view of the assembly of FIGS. 1A to 1D which performs a plunging operation with respect to a work (unlike FIGS. 4A to 4C, this figure does not show a insert). It is a top view of another embodiment of a ramping insert. FIG. 5A is a side view of the ramping insert of FIG. 5A. It is a front view of the ramping insert of FIGS. 5A and 5B, which can be regarded as a view perpendicular to the rake plane (that is, a view along the rake axis). FIG. 5C is the same as FIG. 5C except that the ramping insert is oriented with respect to the work surface in an operating posture.

See FIGS. 1A-1D showing the high feed milling tool assembly 10. The assembly 10 may include a tool 12, ramping inserts 14 (14A, 14B, 14C, 14D, 14E) and screws 16 for fastening each insert 14 to the tool 12.

If the tool diameter _DT is 50 mm, the tool 12 may have five inserts 14 as shown.

The axis of rotation _AR may extend longitudinally through the center of the tool 12. The rotation axis AR may define a forward direction _DF and a backward direction _{D RE} .

The tool 12 may be configured to rotate in the direction of rotation _DRO about the axis of rotation _AR .

FIG. 1C shows a tool plane _PTL extending perpendicular to the axis of rotation _AR . The outward direction _DR extends outward from the tool 12 in parallel with the tool plane _PTL . The inward direction _DIR extends inward of the tool 12 parallel to the tool plane _PTL . It will be appreciated that the inward and outward directions are not _exactly directed at the axis of rotation AR, but are directed towards and away from the center of the tool 12.

Next, the insert 14A will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2A-2E. Since each of the illustrated inserts can all be the same, it can be considered to have all the features mentioned below with respect to the described insert 14A.

The insert 14A is for metal machining operations and may generally be made of a very hard wear resistant material such as cemented carbide. It is preferred that the insert 14A can be stamped to final dimensions.

The insert 14A may include opposing first and second rake surfaces 18A, 18B and an insert peripheral surface 20 connecting the first and second rake surfaces 18A, 18B.

The insert 14A may be formed by providing an insert screw hole 22 that opens in the facing side surfaces 24A and 24B (FIG. 2E) of the insert peripheral surface 20.

The first cutting edge 26A may extend along the intersection of the insert peripheral surface 20 and the first rake surface 18A.

The second cutting edge 26B may extend along the intersection of the insert peripheral surface 20 and the second rake surface 18B.

Since the first and second cutting blades 26A, 26B can be the same, both can be considered to have all the features mentioned below with respect to one.

Also, since the first and second rake planes 18A, 18B can be exactly the same, they can be considered to have all the features mentioned below in the present specification.

The first cutting blade 26A is connected to a first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1, a first side auxiliary blade 28B1, a first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1, and a first side auxiliary blade 28B1. 1 feed sub-blade 28C1, a second ramping sub-blade 28A2 connected to the first side sub-blade 28B1, and a second side sub-blade connected to the first ramping sub-blade 28A1. The 28B2 may be provided with a second ramping sub-blade 28A2 and a second feed sub-blade 28C2 connected to the second lateral sub-blade 28B2.

The first rake face 18A may include a land 30 extending inward from the first cutting edge 26A.

Further inside the land 30, there may be an inclined portion 32 extending between the land 30 and the central rake face region 34.

As best shown in FIG. 2C, the ramping and feed auxiliary blades converge as they approach the side auxiliary blades, and both are connected there. For example, the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 approaches the second ramping auxiliary blade 28A2 as it approaches the first side auxiliary blade 28B1.

Referring to FIG. 2D, the insert 14A has a rake axis _AK extending perpendicular to the first and second rake planes 18A, 18B through the center of the first and second rake planes 18A, 18B (FIG. 2A). Can be prepared.

The central longitudinal plane PL may _bisect the first and second rake planes 18A, 18B along their longitudinal dimensions. The central longitudinal plane PL may bisect the side auxiliary blades 28B1, _28B2 , 28B3, 28B4 (FIGS. 2A, 2C).

The central thickness plane _{Ρ T} can extend perpendicular to the central longitudinal plane PL. The central thickness plane Ρ _T can also bisect the first and second rake planes 18A, 18B.

Referring to FIG. 2A, the central height plane _PH may extend perpendicular to the central length and thickness planes _PL , _PT . The central height plane _PH may also bisect the insert 14A.

The height axis A _H can extend perpendicular to the rake axis A _K. The height axis A _H can extend along the intersection of the central thickness and the high planes _PT , _PH .

Since the insert screw hole can be located in the center of the insert 14A, the insert screw hole axis _AS can be coaxial with the height axis A _H.

The insert 14A may be configured for two indexable positions. For example, the insert 14A can be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the rake axis _ΑK .

Since the insert 14A can be configured to be inverted, two additional indexable positions may be possible. For example, the insert 14A can be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the threaded hole axis _AS and / or the height axis _AH .

Referring to FIG. 2C, each ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 and 28A2 may include linear portions 36S1 and 36S2. The ramping auxiliary blades 28A1 and 28A2 may include a pair of corner portions 36C1, 36C2, 36C3 and 36C4 connected to each side of the linear portions 36S1 and 36S2.

The side auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B2 may include linear portions 38S1 and 38S2. The side auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B2 may include a pair of corner portions 38C1, 38C2, 38C3 and 38C4 connected to each side of the straight portions 38S1 and 38S2.

The feed auxiliary blades 28C1 and 28C2 may include linear portions 40S1 and 40S2. The ramping auxiliary blades 28C1 and 28C2 may include a pair of corner portions 40C1, 40C2, 40C3 and 40C4 connected to each side of the linear portions 40S1 and 40S2.

Each straight line portion (36S1, 36S2, 38S1, 38S2, 40S1, 40S2) is a discontinuity point (42D1, 42D2, 42D3, 42D4, 44D1, 44D2, 44D3, 44D4, 46D1, 46D2, 46D3, 46D4), that is, cut. It ends at the point where the blade shifts in a different direction. If the straight line is roughly straight, but slightly bowed (at least bowed compared to the theoretical straight line, but still not much more bowed than the corner), these discontinuities are directional or sloped. Is considered to be the point at which is visibly beginning to change.

The straight portion 36S1 of the first ramping auxiliary blade _28A1 may have a length LS1.

The straight portion _38S1 of the first lateral auxiliary blade 28B1 may have a length LS2.

The straight portion 40S1 of the first feed auxiliary blade _28C1 may have a length LS3.

Each auxiliary blade may transition to the adjacent auxiliary blade at a connection point that bisects the corner formed by the adjacent corner portion. For example, the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 and the first side auxiliary blade 28B1 may be connected at the first connection point X1. The first connection point X1 may be equidistant from the start points of the linear portions 40S1 and 38S1 of the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 and the first side auxiliary blade 28B1. Similarly, the first side auxiliary blade 28B1 and the second ramping auxiliary blade 28A2 may be connected at the second connection point X2. The second ramping sub-blade 28A2 and the second feed sub-blade 28C2 may be connected at the third connection point X3. The second feed auxiliary blade 28C2 and the second side auxiliary blade 28B2 may be connected at the fourth connection point X4. The second side auxiliary blade 28B2 and the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 may be connected at the fifth connection point X5. The first ramping sub-blade 28A1 and the first feed sub-blade 28C1 may be connected at the sixth connection point X6.

The total length of each auxiliary blade can be measured between its connection points. For example, the total length LO1 of the first ramping auxiliary blade _28A1 can be measured between the connection points X5 and X6. The total length _LO2 of the first lateral auxiliary blade can be measured between the connection points X1 and X2. The total length L _O3 of the first feed auxiliary blade can be measured between the connection points X6 and X1.

The straight portions of the first ramping and feed auxiliary blades _36S1 and _40S1 may have the same lengths LS1 and LS3. The total lengths L _O1 and L _O3 of the ramping and feed auxiliary blades can also be the same length.

The length of the second auxiliary blades 28A2, 28B2, 28C2 can be the same as the length of the first auxiliary blades 28A1, 28B1, 28C1, respectively.

The straight portions of the first and second ramping auxiliary blades 28A1 and 28A2 may be parallel.

The straight portions of the first and second side auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B2 can be parallel.

The straight portions of the first and second feed auxiliary blades 28C1 and 28C2 may be parallel.

Both the third and sixth connection points X3 and X6 may be located on the central thickness plane Ρ _T.

The maximum thickness _TM of the insert 14 is shown in FIG. 2B. The maximum thickness TM can be measured parallel to the central thickness plane _{Ρ T.} For example, it can be measured between the third and sixth connection points X3, X6.

Returning to FIG. 2C, the maximum rake face length LMR is shown between the radial ends (eg 38C2, _38C4 ) of the linear portions 38S1 and 38S2 of the first and second side auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B2.

The longitudinal rake face length _{L LR} on each rake face can be measurable parallel to the central longitudinal plane PL.

The maximum rake face length L _MR can be slightly larger than the longitudinal rake face length L _LR . The longitudinal rake face length L _LR may also have a longer length than between any two other secondary blades of the first rake face 18A (ie, not between the bilateral auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B2).

The maximum height _HM of the insert 14 is shown in FIG. 2B. The maximum height _HM can be measured parallel to the rake axis _ΑK . For example, in the figure shown in FIG. 2A, the maximum height _HM is at point 48A (located at the intersection of the first cutting edge 26A and the central thickness plane _ΡT in this figure) and (this). In the figure, it can be measured between the second cutting edge 26B and the point 48B (located at the intersection of the central thickness plane _ΡT ).

One design that has been successfully tested has the following lengths: The length _LS2 of the straight portion of each side auxiliary blade can be 1 mm. Each total length _LO2 can be 2.35 mm. The lengths _LS1 and _LS3 of the linear portions of the respective ramping and feed auxiliary blades can be 6.5 mm. Each total length L _O1 and L _{O 3} can be 7.8 mm. The maximum thickness TM can be _6.35 mm. The maximum rake face length LMR can be _15.13 mm. The longitudinal rake face length L _LR can be 15.10 mm. The maximum height _HM can be 9.5 mm.

It will be appreciated that inserts according to the subject matter of this application can be of various sizes. Nevertheless, length ratios proportional to the illustrated length ratios can be similar.

With reference to FIGS. 2A-2C, it will be appreciated that the plurality of portions of the first cutting edge 26A may extend to different distances from the central height plane _PH . For reference, _FIG . 2B shows a tip plane PE extending parallel to the center height plane _PH along the top edge of the insert 14A.

The linear portions 40S1 and 40S2 of the feed auxiliary blades 28C1 and _28C2 may extend parallel to the tip plane PE.

At the discontinuity points 42D1 and 42D3 where the ramping auxiliary blades 28A1 and _28A2 transition from the straight line portion to the corner portion, the first cutting edge 26A can be closest to the central height plane PH. The general path of the first cutting edge 26A can be as follows. As the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 extends from the discontinuity point _42D1 to the sixth connection point X6, the first cutting blade 26A may extend in a direction away from the central height plane PH. The first feed auxiliary blade _28C1 may extend parallel to the tip plane PE from the sixth connection point X6 to the discontinuity point 46D2. As the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 begins to bend at its corner portion 40C2, the first cutting edge 26A is in the central height plane until it reaches the low discontinuity 42D3 of the second ramping auxiliary blade 28A2. It may extend further towards _PH . The first cutting edge 26A may extend again away from the central height plane _PH from the discontinuity point 42 _D3 to the third connection point X3 (FIG. 2C). The same applies thereafter.

In FIG. 2B, as best shown in _FIG . 2E, the land 30 may form a land angle α with respect to the tip plane PE. The land angle α can be 6 ° ± 10 °. Such optional lands are believed to help extend tool life for high feed operation.

The insert peripheral surface 20 is a first one connected to a first ramping partial surface 20A1, a first lateral partial surface 20B1, a first ramping partial surface 20A1, and a first lateral partial surface 20B1. The feeding partial surface 20C1, the second ramping partial surface 20A2 (FIG. 2D) connected to the first lateral partial surface 20B1, and the second lateral side connected to the first ramping partial surface 20A1. It may include a partial surface 20B2 and a second feeding partial surface 20C2 connected to a second ramping partial surface 20A2 (FIG. 2D) and a second lateral partial surface 20B2.

The first ramping partial surface 20A1 may extend between the opposing ramping auxiliary blades and the feed auxiliary blades. More specifically, the first ramping partial surface 20A1 extends between the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 of the first cutting blade 26A and the opposing feed auxiliary blade 50C1 of the second cutting blade 26B. Can be. Similarly, the first feed partial surface 20C1 may extend between the opposing ramping and feed auxiliary blades 50A1 and 28C1. It will be noticed that the names "feeding partial surface" and "ramping partial surface" do not necessarily indicate a geometric difference. The second ramping and feed partial surfaces are similarly extended.

The first lateral partial surface 20B1 may extend between the opposing auxiliary blades 28B1 and 28B3. The second lateral partial surface 20B2 may extend between the other lateral auxiliary blades 28B2, 28B4.

Referring to FIG. 2C, the first ramping auxiliary blade _28A1 may form an insert ramping angle k0 with respect to the central longitudinal plane PL. The insert ramping angle k0 can be 15 °.

The first feed auxiliary blade _28C1 may form an insert approach angle k1 with respect to the central longitudinal plane PL. The insert approach angle k1 can be 15 °.

Also with reference to FIG. 2C, the insert screw hole 22 may be partially open to each of the first and second ramping and feed partial surfaces 20A1, 20A2, 20C1 and 20C2.

The figure of FIG. 2B shows the minimum screw hole thickness _TS1 of the insert screw hole 22. The screw hole thickness can be increased up to the maximum screw hole thickness _TS2 as it approaches each of the first and second rake surfaces 18A and 18B.

Returning to FIG. 2D, the insert screw hole 22 may have a central constriction 52 whose diameter increases as it approaches the insert peripheral surface 20. An inclined, more precisely a truncated cone, screw contact surfaces 54A, 54B may be located between the central constriction 52 and the insert peripheral surface 20.

Referring to FIG. 2E, each rake face 18A, 18B may include rake contact surfaces 56A, 56B, respectively. Each rake contact surface 56A, 56B may include first and second rake contact portion surfaces 56A1, 56A2, 56B1, _56B2 located on either side of the central longitudinal plane PL.

Each rake abutment surface can be _tilted further away from the central height plane _PH as it approaches the central longitudinal plane PL. For example, the first rake contact portion surface _56A1 on the first rake plane 18A has a first random position 58A near the central longitudinal plane PL and a second random position _58B far from the central longitudinal plane PL. Shown as having. As shown, the first position 58A is _farther from the central height plane PH than the second position 58B.

Referring to FIG. 3B, the tool 12 may include a tool end face 60 and a tool peripheral surface 62 extending rearwardly thereof in the circumferential direction.

The tool 12 may further include a groove 64 formed at the intersection of the tool end surface 60 and the tool peripheral surface 62 and extending rearward from the portion.

The tool 12 may further include an insert pocket 66 formed at the intersection of the tool end surface 60 and the tool peripheral surface 62 and opening into the groove 64.

Since the insert pockets 66 of the tool 12 can all be the same, reference is made to either of the insert pockets 66 shown in FIG. 3B. It shows the same features from several different perspectives.

Also with reference to FIG. 3D, the insert pocket 66 may include a pocket side surface 68, a pocket back surface 70, a pocket top surface 72, and a pocket screw hole 73 with a female thread that opens into the pocket top surface 72.

Focusing on each direction in FIG. 1B, the back surface 70 of the pocket extends inward from the tool peripheral surface 62 (that is, in the inward direction _DIR ) and faces the rotation direction _DRO (FIG. 1B), that is, the side surface of the pocket. The 68 extends from the back surface 70 of the pocket to the groove 64 and faces outward (that is, in the outward direction _DOR ), and the upper surface 72 of the pocket extends inward (that is, inward) from the tool peripheral surface 62 to the side surface 68 of the pocket. It can be seen that it extends (in the direction _DIR ) and further extends from the back of the pocket 70 to the groove 64 (ie, in the direction of rotation _DRO ).

The pocket side surface 68 may include a side contact portion surface 68A. The side contact portion surface 68A may extend perpendicular to the tool plane _PTL (FIG. 1C).

The back pocket 70 may include a back contact surface 70A.

The back contact surface 70A may be formed by providing a back relief recess 70B that divides the back contact surface 70A into two back contact portion surfaces 70C and 70D.

Also with reference to FIG. 3C, the back contact surface 70A may be axially located along the lower half of the insert pocket 66 (eg, extending perpendicular to the pocket threaded hole axis _AB , with the insert pocket at its highest point. , For example, from the top relief recess 82 to its lowest point, eg, the point shown by 71 in FIG. 3C, which is lower than the _bisector PB which bisects).

The back surface contact portion surfaces 70A and 70B may be inclined as shown in the figure. The back contact portion surface 70A, i.e., the back contact portion surfaces 70C, 70D, may be tilted with respect to the insert 14A to provide an anti-slip effect. This can be achieved, for example, by inclining the back contact portion surfaces 70C, 70D with respect to the pocket screw hole axis _AB . For illustrative purposes, an additional axis _AB1 parallel to the pocket thread hole axis _AB is shown to indicate the angle β of the back contact surface with respect to the pocket thread hole axis _AB . The angle β of the back contact surface can be 10 °.

The pocket upper surface 72 may include first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A, 72B. The first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A, 72B can be mirror-symmetrical to each side of the pocket screw hole 73 (more precisely, the pocket screw hole 73 is bisected and perpendicular to the tool plane _PTL . Can be mirror-symmetric with respect to the plane _PS (FIG. 3B) extending along the direction of rotation. The first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A, 72B are equal radial distances _RD (ie, in the essentially inward or outward direction of the tool, i.e. along a plane perpendicular to the tool's axis of rotation. ) It will be understood that it can be extended.

The first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A is shown adjacent to the tool peripheral surface 62, and extends more in the forward direction _DF as it approaches the tool peripheral surface 62. For example, the first random position 74A on the first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A is closer to the tool peripheral surface 62 than the second random position 74B. As shown, the first position 74A extends more forward in the forward direction _DF than the second random position 74B.

On the other hand, since the second pocket upper surface partial surface 72B (shown by a virtual line in FIG. 3B) can be adjacent to the pocket side surface 68, it extends further in the forward direction _DF as it approaches the pocket side surface 68.

The first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A and 72B may extend more in the forward direction _DF as they approach the groove 64. For example, the third random position 76A on the first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A (and directly adjacent to the tool peripheral surface 62) is closer to the groove 64 (and the tool peripheral surface 62) than the fourth random position 76B. (Directly adjacent to). As shown, the third position 76A extends more forward in the forward direction _DF than the fourth random position 76B.

Further, the first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A may form a sharp first tool internal angle _k2 with respect to the plane PC extending perpendicular to the rotation axis _AR . The first tool angle k2 can be 15.5 °.

In the same figure, the second pocket upper surface partial surface 72B may form a sharp second tool interior angle _k3 with respect to the plane PC. The second tool angle k3 can be 15.5 °.

The sum of the first and second tool approach angles k2, k3 (eg, 31 °) can be greater than the sum of the insert ramping and approach angles k0, k1 (eg, 30 °). In other words, the tool outer angle ε1 (FIG. 3B), eg 149 °, can be smaller than the insert internal angle ε2 (FIG. 2C), eg 150 °.

As a result, the insert peripheral surface 20, or more precisely its ramping and feeding partial surfaces (eg, 20A1, 20C1), due to limited contact with the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A, 72B. Only composed. More specifically, a plurality of surface areas of the insert pocket 66 configured to abut on the insert are shown in FIG. 3D as shaded areas. In particular, the first and second theoretical contact lines 72C, 72D are present on the top surface of the first and second pockets. These lines indicate a region configured such that the insert 14A and the pocket top surface 72 are in contact with each other. Since the sum of the tool angles (ie, the first and second tool approach angles k2, k3) is greater than the sum of the insert angles (ie, the insert ramping and the approach angles k0, k1), the contact between the respective corresponding surfaces. It will be appreciated that is restricted and does not extend over the entire top surface partial surfaces 72A, 72B of the first and second pockets. Even though a larger contact area is usually preferred, having different angles requires lower accuracy for insert manufacturing. This is advantageous when the insert is stamped to the final dimensions.

In contrast, the other shaded areas 68A, 70C, 70D shown are clearly defined partial surfaces of the insert pocket 66.

The screw 16 may include a screw head 16A and a male threaded shaft portion 16B extending from the screw head 16A.

As shown in FIG. 3C, when the screw 16 secures the insert 14A to the insert pocket 66, the shaft portion 16B is screwed into the pocket screw hole 73, and the screw head 16A is the screw contact surface of the ramping insert 14A. Contact one of 54A.

In the insert 14A and the tool 12, only the insert peripheral surface 20 of the insert contacts the pocket side surface 68 of the tool and the upper surface partial surfaces 72A and 72B of the first and second pockets, and one of the rake surfaces 18B of the ramping insert. One is configured to abut on the back of the tool pocket 70.

More precisely, in the insert 14A and the tool 12, the second lateral partial surface 20B2 is on the side contact portion surface 68A, the second ramping partial surface 20A2 is on the first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A, and the second The feeding partial surface 20C2 is configured to contact only the second pocket upper surface partial surface 72B, and the second rake surface 18B only contacts the back contact surface 70A.

More precisely, the second ramping partial surface 20A2 may come into contact with the first theoretical contact line 72C of the first pocket upper surface partial surface 72A. The second feeding partial surface 20C2 may come into contact with the second theoretical contact line 72D of the second pocket upper surface partial surface 72B.

More precisely, exactly one of the rake abutment surface 56B2 can contact both the back abutment surface 70C, 70D.

The insert pocket 66 may be formed with a relief portion to ensure contact only at the desired portion. To simplify the manufacture of inserts, all reliefs of assembly 10 may be formed on the tool 12.

For example, the back surface 70 of the pocket may have the above-mentioned back relief portion 70B. Briefly referring to FIG. 2C, as a result, the central portion 78 of the first rake face 18A along the central thickness plane _PT is (because it is adjacent to the back relief portion 70B) the back of the pocket. It can be seen that it does not touch 70. However, the first and second contact portions 80A and 80B of the first rake face 18A located on both sides of the central portion 78 are in contact with one of the back contact portion surfaces 70C and 70D, respectively. Become.

The pocket upper surface 72 may be formed by providing an upper surface relief recess 82 located between the first and second pocket upper surface partial surfaces 72A and 72B.

A lower relief region 84 may be formed beneath the back contact surface (s) 70 to further achieve the desired contact. Further, the upper relief region 86 can separate the back surface of the pocket from the upper surfaces 70, 72. Similarly, a first lateral relief region 88 may separate the sides and back of the pocket. Similarly, a second lateral relief region 90 may separate the pocket sides and top surfaces 68, 72.

Focusing on FIGS. 4A-4D and 2C, it will be noticed that the assembly 10 can perform several different machining operations on the workpiece 92.

The shoulder-shaving operation shown in FIG. 4A is performed by moving the assembly 10 in a lateral _DS1 perpendicular to the lower surface 92A of the workpiece 92 to be machined. Since the assembly 10 is still away from the step 92B that rises above the work 92, or more precisely the side surface 92C that projects above it, only the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 of the insert 14A feeds the material from the work 92. Remove. This is schematically shown by the insert 94A which has been removed by the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 and is flowing above the first rake face 18A. In particular, the assembly 10 can remove the material up to the depth of cut _ap shown in FIG. 1C. It will also be found that material removal can be carried out on the relatively long portion of the cutting edge. More precisely, this operation extends from the sixth contact X6 to the end of the linear portion 40S1 of the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1, the discontinuity point indicated by 46D2, the first cut. It can be carried out by the portion of the blade 26A.

FIG. 4B shows a combination of shoulder cutting and front cutting. This operation is also performed by moving the assembly 10 laterally _DS1 . The assembly 10 may simultaneously remove material from the adjacent step 92B, more precisely from its side surface 92C, and from the bottom surface 92A of the work 92. This is schematically shown by the chip 94B, which has a different shape from the chip 94A of FIG. 4A. The insert 94B has been removed by both the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 and the first side auxiliary blade 28B1. It will also be found that the removal of material can be done on the relatively long part of the cutting edge. More precisely, this operation extends from the sixth contact X6 to the end of the linear portion 38S1 of the first lateral auxiliary blade 28B1, the discontinuity point indicated by 44D2, the first cut. It can be done by the portion of the blade 26A.

A ramping motion in which the assembly 10 moves simultaneously in both the lateral _DS2 and forward _DF directions is shown in FIG. 4C. In other words, the assembly 10 moves in the lateral-forward _DSF . During this movement, the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 removes from the work 92 the material schematically represented by the insert shown in 94C. It will be found that the insert 14A is capable of removing relatively large inserts during ramping due to its relatively large ramping auxiliary blades. It will also be found that material removal can be carried out on the relatively long portion of the cutting edge. More precisely, this operation extends from the sixth contact X6 to the end of the linear portion 36S1 of the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1, that is, the discontinuity point indicated by 42D1. It can be carried out at the portion of the blade 26A.

The plunging motion of the assembly 10 moving in the forward direction _DF is shown in FIG. 4D. During such movement, each of the first lateral auxiliary blade 28B1 and the first feed auxiliary blade 28C1 and, if there is a material under it, the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1 is made of material from the work 92. Can be removed. Relatively large insert ramping and approach angles k0, k1 can reduce surface finish, which can be offset by ramping and feed motion capabilities. It will also be found that the removal of material can be done on the relatively long part of the cutting edge. More precisely, this operation is performed from the end of the linear portion 38 _S1 of the first lateral auxiliary blade 28B1, that is, the discontinuity indicated by 44D2, to the linear portion 36S1 of the first ramping auxiliary blade 28A1. It can be done at the end of the first cutting edge 26A that extends to the discontinuity point indicated by 42D1.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 5A-5C, the characteristics of the alternative insert are shown.

Unless expressly stated or explicitly illustrated, the features of the illustrated insert 114A should be considered to correspond to the insert 14A.

The insert 114A may include first and second rake faces 118A, 118B facing each other and an insert peripheral surface 120 connecting the first and second rake faces 118A, 118B.

The insert 114A may be formed by providing insert screw holes 112 that open on both side surfaces of the insert peripheral surface 120.

The first cutting edge 126A may extend along the intersection of the insert peripheral surface 120 and the first rake surface 118A. The second cutting edge 126B may extend along the intersection of the insert peripheral surface 120 and the second rake surface 118B.

Since the first and second cutting blades 126A, 126B can be the same, each can be considered to have all the features mentioned below with respect to one.

Also, since the first and second rake planes 118A, 118B can be the same, each can be considered to have all the features mentioned below with respect to one.

The first cutting blade 126A is connected to a first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1, a first side auxiliary blade 128B1, a first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1, and a first side auxiliary blade 128B1. No. 1 feed sub-blade 128C1, a second ramping sub-blade 128A2 connected to the first side sub-blade 128B1, and a second side sub-blade connected to the first ramping sub-blade 128A1. 128B2 may be provided with a second ramping sub-blade 128A2 and a second feed sub-blade 128C2 connected to a second side sub-blade 128B2.

The first rake face 118A may include a land 130 extending inward from the first cutting edge 126A.

Further inside the land 130, there may be an inclined portion 132 extending between the land 130 and the central rake face region 134. One of the differences from the insert 14A of the first embodiment described above is that each central rake face region 134 of the insert 114A of the second embodiment can be flat.

As best shown in FIG. 5C, the ramping and feed auxiliary blades 128A1, 128A2, 128C1 and 128C2 converge as they approach the side auxiliary blades 128B1 and 128B2 and are connected to them, respectively. For example, the first feed auxiliary blade 128C1 approaches the second ramping auxiliary blade 128A2 as it approaches the first side auxiliary blade 128B1.

The insert 114A may include a rake axis _AK that penetrates the center of the first and second rake planes 118A, 118B (FIG. 5C) and extends perpendicular to them.

The central longitudinal plane PL (FIG. 5B) may _bisect the first and second rake planes 118A, 118B along their longitudinal dimensions.

The central thickness plane _PT (FIGS. 5A and _5C ) may extend perpendicular to the central longitudinal plane PL and may bisect the first and second rake planes 118A, 118B. Alternatively, the central thickness plane _PT can include the rake axis _AK and is defined as being able to bisect the first and second rake planes 118A, 118B.

Referring to FIG. 5A, the central height plane _PH may extend perpendicular to the central length and thickness planes _PL , _PT . The central height plane PH may bisect the insert 114A when located equidistant from the first and second side blades _128B1 and 128B2.

The height axis A _H may extend perpendicular to the rake axis A _K. The height axis A _H may extend along the intersection of the central thickness and the height planes P _T , P _H.

The insert screw hole 122 may be centered on the insert 114A. In this non-limiting example, the insert screw hole axis _AS may be coaxial with the height axis _AH .

The insert 114A may be configured for two indexable positions on the first rake face 118A. More specifically, the insert 114A may be rotated about the rake axis _AK in order to move the insert 114A to a second indexable position. For example, the insert 114A may be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the rake axis _AK .

Since the insert 114A may be further configured to be inverted, alternative or preferably in addition, two additional indexable positions may be possible on the second rake face 118B. For example, the insert 114A can be 180 ° rotationally symmetric about an axis that exists along the intersection of the central height and thickness planes _PH and _PT , which in this example corresponds to the height axis A _H. ..

Referring to FIG. 5C, the ramping auxiliary blades 128A1 and 128A2 may include linear portions 136S1 and 136S2. The ramping auxiliary blades 128A1 and 128A2 may also include a pair of corner portions 136C1, 136C2, 136C3 and 136C4 connected to each side of the linear portions 136S1 and 136S2.

The side auxiliary blades 128B1 and 128B2 may include linear portions 138S1 and 138S2. The side auxiliary blades 128B1 and 128B2 may include a pair of corner portions 138C1, 138C2, 138C3 and 138C4 connected to each side of the linear portions 138S1 and 138S2.

The feed auxiliary blades 128C1 and 128C2 may include linear portions 140S1 and 140S2. Each of the feed auxiliary blades 128C1 and 128C2 may include a pair of corner portions 140C1, 140C2, 140C3 and 140C4 connected to each side of the linear portions 140S1 and 140S2.

Each straight line portion (136S1, 136S2, 138S1, 138S2, 140S1, 140S2) has a discontinuity point (142D1, 142D2, 142D3, 142D4, 144D1, 144D2, 144D3, 144D4, 146D1, 146D2, 146D3, 146D4), that is, a cutting edge. Ends at the point where each begins to extend in different directions.

The insert 114A of the second embodiment is different from the insert 14A of the first embodiment above in that the corner portion connecting the lamp and feed blades is a sharp corner portion that is not curved (in contrast to the above-mentioned insert 14A of the first embodiment). , The insert 14A of the first embodiment exemplifies an insert in which all corner portions are curved).

More specifically, the first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1 includes a sharp lamp corner portion 136C2, and the first feed auxiliary blade 128C1 includes a sharp feed corner portion 140C1. The connection point X6 is located between the adjacent sharp corner portions 136C2 and 140C1.

Focusing on FIG. 5D, supplementary explanation of one of the feed corner portion 140C1 and the adjacent lamp corner portion 136C2 shows that both have a pointed shape, in other words, a pointed corner blade. This results in a linear extension 139. In other words, the linear extension portion 139 can extend between adjacent ramps and feed discontinuities 142D2, 146D1. As shown in the figure, the linear extension portion 139 has a shorter length than any of the associated ramping and feed blades 128A1 and 128C1.

An insert with such a linear extension 139 (in other words, with adjacent pointed feed and ramp corners) has the linear extension 139 on the surface to be machined, as shown. It can be oriented parallel to or nearly parallel to 137. It will be appreciated that the internal angle formed by the linear extension 139 and the adjacent first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1 may be computable (for the purposes of the claims of the present application). .. Such a description also applies to the linear extension portion 139 and the adjacent first feed auxiliary blade 128C1 as well as other linear extension portions.

More specifically, the first internal angle R2 formed between the linear extension portion 139 and the adjacent first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1 has a first feed auxiliary adjacent to the linear extension portion 139. It will also be seen that it is different from, i.e. not equal to, the second internal angle R1 formed between the blade 128C1. More precisely, the first and second internal angles R2 and R1 are both less than 180 °. The first internal angle R2 is 171 ° in this non-limiting example. The second internal angle R1 is 163 ° in this non-limiting example. It will be appreciated that these angles can vary, but preferably the linear extension 139 is parallel to the machined surface 137. Therefore, it will also be appreciated that such angles are related to insert ramping and approach angles k0, k1 and may be computable from these. It is preferred that the linear extension portion 139 can be oriented such that the feed corner portion 140C1 is slightly farther from the surface 137 than the ramp corner portion 136C2 (the difference is in microns, preferably 5-25). Between microns, and therefore invisible at this magnification, and therefore can be considered parallel or nearly parallel).

As the insert _114A is moved laterally DS1, the finish of the surface 137 may be slightly improved.

Nonetheless, such inserts and tools are intended for high feed operation (the inserts of the first embodiment described above are instead for adjacent pointed feeds without any other modifications. And note that ramp corners can be provided), and therefore it will be noticed that the surface finish can still be much inferior compared to inserts and tools intended for non-roughing operations.

It will also be found that the provision of sharp blades can be expected to shorten the tool life. Nevertheless, a slight improvement in finishing is believed to offset any shortcomings in tool life.

Finally, it can be seen that the feed and ramp secondary blades were not shortened by utilizing the sharp corners. The linear extension portion 139 preferably has a length between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm. For the above reasons, a value closer to 0.5 mm is preferable.

As shown in the drawings, the insert 114A of the second embodiment currently exemplified has a feed auxiliary blade longer than the ramping blade as compared to the insert 14A of the first embodiment. This helps increase the depth of cut, so the insert 114A of the second embodiment exemplified is designed for it with a smaller tool diameter (not shown, especially a tool diameter of 32 mm, preferably a smaller diameter). To offset. Nevertheless, such designs can also be utilized for larger diameters if desired.

Since the shape of the corner portion and the length of the auxiliary blade do not depend on each other, the insert similar to the insert 14A of the first embodiment described above is modified to have a sharp corner portion on the adjacent lamp and feed auxiliary blades. It will be appreciated that it is also possible to provide lamp and feed auxiliary blades of equal or different lengths.

Similar to the insert 14A of the first embodiment described above, the straight portions of the auxiliary blades can be parallel. However, as shown in FIG. 5C, for example, since the feed and lamp auxiliary blades are not equal in length, the first and second cutting blades 126A and 126B may be slightly displaced from each other. Similar results are shown in FIG. 5A by a slight twist 148A, 148B, 148C, 148D on the otherwise flat portion of the peripheral surface 120. Nevertheless, such unequal lengths complicate manufacturing and lead to split die manufacturing design, resulting in dividing lines 150A, 150B shown in FIG. 5A, visible on the peripheral surface 120 of the cutting insert 114A. ..

An example of a set of relative dimensions could be: The length of the straight portion of each side auxiliary blade can be 0.45 mm. The length of the straight portion of each ramping feed auxiliary blade can be 2.5 mm. The length of the straight portion of each feed auxiliary blade can be 3.6 mm. The distance between the discontinuities 146D1 and 142D2 can be 0.6 mm. The radial curvature of the corners between the linear portions of the lateral sub-blade and the ramping sub-blade can be 0.85 mm. The radial curvature of the corners between the linear portions of the side sub-blade and the feed sub-blade can be 1.00 mm.

A further difference shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is that the exemplified cutting blades 126A, 126B do not have portions that differ in distance from the height plane _PH and may each be located in a single plane. It can be.

Referring to FIG. 5D, the orientation of the insert is non-parallel to the work, so that the following angles are formed with respect to the work surface 137. The first ramping auxiliary blade 128A1 may form an insert ramping angle k0 with respect to the surface 137 of 9 °. The first feed auxiliary blade 128C1 may form 17 ° as the insert approach angle k1 with respect to the surface 137. In other words, the insert approach angle k1 is about twice the angle range of the insert ramping angle k0. The insert approach angle k1 is preferably in the range of 17 ° ± 3 °.

The above description includes one exemplary embodiment and details, and does not exclude a plurality of non-exemplified embodiments and details from the claims of the present application.

Claims (18)

Insert screw hole axes that open on both sides of the insert peripheral surface connecting the first rake surface and the second rake surface, the first rake surface and the second rake surface, and the insert peripheral surface facing each other. A first cutting edge and a second cutting edge extending along a portion where the insert screw hole having the insert screw hole and the corresponding one of the first rake surface and the second rake surface intersect with the insert peripheral surface. It is a ramping insert with and
Each of the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade has a first ramping sub-blade, a first lateral sub-blade, the first ramping sub-blade, and the first side. A first feed sub-blade connected to the sub-blade, a second ramping sub-blade connected to the first side sub-blade, and a second ramping sub-blade connected to the first ramping sub-blade. The side sub-blade of the above, the second ramping sub-blade, and the second feed sub-blade connected to the second side sub-blade are provided.
Each of the ramping sub-blade and the feed sub-blade is longer than each of the side sub-blades.
The maximum rake face length of each of the rake faces can be measured between its first side sub-blade and its second side sub-blade.
Each of the ramping sub-blade and the feed sub-blade converges and is connected to the side sub-blade as it approaches.
Each of the ramping auxiliary blades is provided with a pointed lamp corner.
The sharp corner portion for the lamp is the corner portion of the ramping auxiliary blade closest to the feed auxiliary blade.
Each feed auxiliary blade comprises a pointed feed corner portion adjacent to one of the pointed lamp corner portions.
A linear extension is defined between the pointed lamp corners and the discontinuities of the pointed feed corners.
A first internal angle R2 formed between the linear extension portion and the adjacent first ramping auxiliary blade, and the linear extension portion and the adjacent first feed auxiliary blade. Further provided with a second internal angle R1 formed between them,
The first internal angle R2 is not equal to the second internal angle R1 and is a ramping insert. Different central thickness planes that bisect the first and second rake planes and include the insert screw hole axis and further include the rake axis extending through the center of the first and second rake faces. The ramping insert according to claim 1, wherein the connection points of the adjacent ramping sub-blades and feed sub-blades are located on the side. The ramping insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the feed auxiliary blades is longer than each of the ramping auxiliary blades. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the insert peripheral surface has no relief portion. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each of the side auxiliary blades includes a straight line portion. The ramping insert according to claim 5, wherein the straight portion of each of the lateral sub-blades is parallel only to the straight portion of the lateral sub-blades on the same rake face. Each straight portion has a length of 13% ± 5% of the total length of each of the ramping auxiliary blades and / or a length of 13% ± 5% of the total length of each of the feed auxiliary blades. The ramping insert according to claim 5 or 6. A central thickness that bisects the first rake surface and the second rake surface and includes the insert screw hole axis and the rake axis extending through the center of the first rake surface and the second rake surface. With more flat surfaces
Claims 5-7 have a length that is 15% ± 5% of the maximum thickness of the insert that can be measured, parallel to the central thickness plane and parallel to the insert screw hole axis. The ramping insert according to any one of the above. The first rake plane and the second rake plane include the rake axis extending through the center of the first rake plane and the second rake plane, the rake shaft line and the insert screw hole axis, and the second rake plane. An equally divided central thickness plane, a central longitudinal plane that bisects the first rake plane and the second rake plane and extends perpendicular to the central thickness plane, and the first rake plane . And a central height plane that is located in the middle of the second rake plane and extends perpendicular to the central thickness plane and the central longitudinal plane, a maximum height that can be measured parallel to the rake axis, and the insert. Further equipped with a maximum thickness that can be measured parallel to the thread hole axis,
The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the maximum height is larger than the maximum thickness. A rake axis extending through the center of the first rake surface and the second rake surface, the rake axis and the insert screw hole axis, the first rake surface and the second rake surface. A central thickness plane that bisects the first rake plane and a central longitudinal plane that bisects the first rake plane and the second rake plane and extends perpendicular to the center thickness plane, and the first rake plane . Further comprising a central thickness plane and a central height plane extending perpendicular to the central longitudinal plane, located intermediate between the rake plane and the second rake plane.
The ramping according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the insert is 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the rake axis and / or 180 ° rotationally symmetric about the insert screw hole axis. insert. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the central rake face region of each rake face is flat. The ramping insert according to claim 11, wherein the first internal angle R2 is larger than the second internal angle R1. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the linear extension portion has a length between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm. 13. The ramping insert of claim 13, wherein the linear extension has a length of less than 0.75 mm. The linear extension portion is any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the linear extension portion has a length of less than a quarter of the length of the straight portion of the feed auxiliary blade provided with the sharp feed corner portion. The ramping insert described in the section. The ramping according to claim 15, wherein the linear extension portion has a length of one sixth or less of the length of the straight portion of the feed auxiliary blade provided with the sharp feed corner portion. insert. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the straight portion of the ramping auxiliary blade has a length of 70% ± 15% of the length of the straight portion of the adjacent feed auxiliary blade. .. The ramping insert according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein each of the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade exists on one plane.

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