JP7006507B2 - segment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to segments for constructing a tunnel by interconnecting them in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel.

Conventionally, when constructing a tunnel by connecting segments, a segment joint structure as in Patent Document 1, for example, has been proposed.

In Patent Document 1, both male and female joint members are connected by inserting a male joint member into a recess and moving both segments relative to each other in the segment axial direction, so that both segments adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are joined. The joint structure of the above is disclosed. The joint structure of the segment disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a rod-shaped male joint body for preventing slip-out protruding integrally from the tip of the male joint member, and a male joint for preventing slip-out, which is arranged at the back in the insertion direction of the female joint member. It is equipped with a pull-out prevention joint consisting of a pull-out prevention female joint body into which the joint body is inserted in the direction of the segment axis, and the pull-out prevention female joint body holds the pull-out prevention male joint body in a non-pull-out manner. Be prepared.

JP-A-2015-140540

Here, when the segments are connected in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the component force (pull-out force) in the direction of the tunnel axis acts on each segment due to the soil water pressure acting on the tunnel, and the tunnel collapses due to the break-out of the segment. Is a concern. For this reason, improving safety in construction is an issue.

In this regard, in the disclosed technique of Patent Document 1, a slip-out prevention joint or the like is provided for the purpose of preventing the segment from slipping out. However, the slip-out prevention joint or the like disclosed in Patent Document 1 is arranged on the end face in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. Therefore, when a pull-out force that causes rotation of the segment or the like acts, the pull-out prevention joint or the like arranged on the end face cannot suppress the rotation or the like, and there is a possibility that the pull-out of the segment cannot be prevented. In particular, a key segment having a tapered end face inclined in the axial direction of a tunnel tends to generate a pull-out force more easily than other segments. Therefore, even in the disclosure technique of Patent Document 1, improvement of construction safety is mentioned as an issue.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a segment capable of improving the safety of construction work.

The segment according to the first invention is a segment for constructing the tunnel by connecting to each other in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel, and the segment includes a pair of end faces in the circumferential direction of the tunnel and a tunnel. At least one of the main body portion having six faces composed of a pair of side surfaces in the axial direction and a pair of faces in the tunnel normal direction, the end face, and the face side and the wellhead side in the tunnel axial direction. The segment joint is provided with a segment joint arranged in the above, and the segment joint abuts the end face of the other segment adjacent to the other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by inserting one into the other, and the main body portion and the other The segment joint has at least one of a male side connecting portion and a female side connecting portion for connecting to the main body portion of the segment, and is attached to at least one of the side surfaces of the face side and the wellhead side in the tunnel axial direction. An escape prevention device including at least one of a male-side deterrent portion and a female-side deterrent portion for preventing the male-side connecting portion from coming out of the female-side connecting portion is provided in the direction opposite to the direction in which the male side connecting portion is inserted. It is characterized by that.

The segment according to the second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, steel materials are arranged on at least a pair of the end faces and a pair of the side surfaces of the six faces.

The segment according to the third invention is characterized in that, in the second invention, the slip-out prevention device is fixed to the steel material or the segment joint made of steel arranged on the side surface.

The segment according to the fourth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first invention to the third invention, the escape prevention device is arranged on the side surface of the side surface at least on the face side in the tunnel axial direction. do.

The segment according to the fifth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the segment joint is arranged on the side surface on the face side and the wellhead side in the tunnel axial direction.

The segment according to the sixth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the escape prevention device is arranged close to a notification unit for notifying the engagement state of the escape prevention device. do.

The segment according to the seventh invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, the escape prevention device is arranged at least in the key segment.

According to the first to seventh inventions, the escape prevention device is provided on the side surface of the main body portion, and the male side connecting portion is provided from the female side connecting portion in the direction opposite to the direction in which the segment joint is inserted. It is provided with at least one of a male deterrent and a female deterrent for deterrence. Therefore, even when the segment rotates due to the pull-out force, it is possible to take a longer distance between the couples that resist the rotation as compared with the case where the pull-out prevention device is provided on the end face, and the segment rotates. Etc. can be strongly suppressed. This is because when assembling the segment, it is necessary to provide a small gap in the joint of the segment, so when the segment tries to come out, one side will open and the segment will come out in a rotating form. Become. By providing a slip-out prevention device on the side surface where the gap is the largest, the slip-out prevention effect by auction is greatly exhibited. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the segment from coming off, and it is possible to improve the safety of construction work.

Further, according to the first to seventh inventions, the slip-out prevention device is provided on the side surface of the main body portion. When a slip-out prevention device is provided on the end faces of the main body, the distance between the end faces of the pair of segments is small and there is a risk of damage during the connecting operation. On the other hand, by providing the escape prevention device on the side surface, when the pair of segments are connected, the escape prevention device can be separated from the end face to be connected, so that the segment to be connected may be contacted and damaged. The sex can be extremely low. As a result, after the pair of segments are connected, the slip-out prevention device can be reliably operated, and the safety of construction can be improved.

In particular, according to the second invention, the steel material is arranged on at least a pair of end faces and a pair of side surfaces out of the six faces provided in the main body. Therefore, the effect of reinforcing the concrete due to the restraining effect of the steel material can be obtained against the reaction force of the slip-out prevention device acting on the main body portion, and the slip-out of the segment can be prevented more firmly. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work. Further, when connecting the pair of segments, it is possible to prevent the main body portion from coming into contact with the disconnection prevention device at the connection destination and being damaged. This makes it possible to improve the durability of the segment.

In particular, according to the third invention, the slip-out prevention device is fixed to a steel material or a steel segment joint arranged on the side surface. Therefore, the reaction force of the slip-out prevention device acts on the steel material, and it is possible to more firmly prevent the segment from slipping out. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

In particular, according to the fourth invention, the slip-out prevention device is provided on the side surface on the face side at least in the axial direction. Therefore, when connecting a pair of segments, the side surface of the segment ring on the face side does not have an adjacent segment ring that has not been assembled yet, so that the operator or the like can easily visually confirm the engaged state of the escape prevention device. In addition, when connecting a pair of segments, the escape prevention device on the face side does not come close to the end face of the connection destination segment, so that the escape prevention device may come into contact with the connection destination segment and be damaged. It can be lowered, and after the pair of segments are connected, the escape prevention device can be reliably operated. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

In particular, according to the fifth invention, the segment joint is arranged on the side surface on the face side and the wellhead side. Therefore, when connecting a pair of segments, an operator or the like can easily visually confirm the fitting state of the segment joint. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work. In addition, when connecting a pair of segments, the possibility that the segment joint will come into contact with the connected segment and be damaged can be extremely reduced. This makes it possible to improve the durability of the segment joint.

In particular, according to the sixth invention, the escape prevention device is provided close to the notification unit. Therefore, when connecting a pair of segments, an operator or the like who waits at a place away from the segments can easily confirm the engaged state of the escape prevention device. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

In particular, according to the seventh invention, the escape prevention device is provided at least in the key segment. In the key segment, the tunnel circumferential axial force generated by the action of soil water pressure on the tunnel creates a component force in the tunnel axial direction, which is the exit direction of the key segment, at the end face inclined in the axial direction of the key segment. Therefore, a particularly large pull-out force is likely to occur. On the other hand, as compared with the case where the escape prevention device is provided on the tapered end face inclined in the axial direction, the reaction force of the escape prevention device acts on the main body portion at a right angle and simply. As a result, it is possible to prevent the segment from coming out more firmly against a larger pull-out force, and it is possible to greatly improve the safety of construction work. Further, when the key segment is inserted, both end faces of the key segment are extremely close to the segment to be connected, so that the escape prevention device comes into contact with the segment to be connected as compared with the case where the escape prevention device is provided on the end face. It is possible to dramatically reduce the possibility of damage and greatly improve the safety of construction work. Further, for example, by providing a slip-out prevention device only in the key segment, it is possible to improve the safety of construction work and reduce the material cost.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the tunnel constructed by combining a plurality of segments to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the segment to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the steel material arranged in the segment to which this invention is applied. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the steel material arranged in the segment to which this invention is applied. It is a top view which shows an example of the segment to which this invention was applied. (A) and (b) are cross-sectional views showing before and after engagement of the withdrawal prevention device in the frame 6A of FIG. (A) is a perspective view showing a first modification of the pull-out prevention device, and (b) and (c) are cross-sectional views showing before and after engagement of the slip-out prevention device in the 7B frame of (a). It is a perspective view which shows the 1st modification of the pull-out prevention device provided in close proximity to a segment joint. (A) is a perspective view showing a first modification of the pull-out prevention device integrally formed with a segment joint, and (b) and (c) are engagement of the slip-out prevention device in the 9B frame of (a). It is sectional drawing which shows front and back. (A) is a side view showing a second modification of the pull-out prevention device before engagement, (b) is a sectional view of 10B-10B in (a), and (c) is a cross-sectional view after engagement. It is a side view which shows the 2nd modification of the slip-out prevention device, and (d) is the sectional view of 10D-10D in (c). (A) is a side view showing a state before the third modification of the escape prevention device is provided, (b) is a sectional view of 11B-11B in (a), and (c) is an engagement. It is a side view which shows the 3rd modification of the coming-out prevention device later, and (d) is the sectional view of 11D-11D in (c). It is a perspective view which shows the 4th modification of the slip-out prevention device. (A) and (b) are cross-sectional views showing before and after engagement of the fourth modification of the slip-out prevention device. It is a top view which shows an example which the slip-out prevention device is provided only on the face side. It is a perspective view which shows that when the segment comes out, the rotation around the wellhead side end is accompanied by the rotation center. It is a figure which shows that the rotation when a segment comes out causes a bid between a male side deterrence part and a female side deterrence part of a come-out prevention device, and a come-out prevention force is generated. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the segment width, and the escape prevention force by auction between the male side deterrence part and the female side deterrence part of the escape prevention device. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the inclination angle of the end face of a key segment, and the pull-out force.

(Segment 1)
Hereinafter, a mode for carrying out the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of segments 1 to which the present invention are applied are combined along the axial direction X (tunnel axial direction) and the circumferential direction W (tunnel circumferential direction) of the tunnel, and mainly the shield tunnel 7 is underground. It is for building in 9.

The shield tunnel 7 is constructed by connecting a plurality of segment rings 71 formed by connecting a plurality of segments 1 to each other in a ring shape along the axial direction X. Therefore, in the shield tunnel 7, the ground side A and the inner air side I of the tunnel are formed by a plurality of segment rings 71 connected along the axial direction X. As a result, the shield tunnel 7 can resist a plurality of segment rings 71 against the earth pressure and water pressure from the ground side A of the tunnel, and secure the inner space S on the inner air side I of the tunnel. It becomes possible to do.

The segment ring 71 is formed by using, for example, a plurality of segments 1 including a key segment 1k tapered along the axial direction X. The key segment 1k is used to complete a plurality of connected segments 1 in a ring shape, and the segment ring 71 is formed by connecting between the pair of segments 1.

The segment ring 71 excavates the underground 9 along the axial direction X using the shield machine 70, and connects a plurality of segments 1 along the circumferential direction W behind the shield machine 70 (wellhead side D). It is formed. Therefore, the end surface 21 of the face side C of the segment ring 71 closest to the shield machine 70 is in a state of being visible by the operator. The shield tunnel 7 is constructed by repeating excavation using the shield machine 70 described above and formation of the segment ring 71.

As shown in FIG. 2, the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied includes a main body portion 2, a segment joint 3, and a slip-out prevention device 4.

The main body 2 has a pair of end faces 21 extending in the circumferential direction W, intersecting the circumferential direction W and extending in the axial direction X, and a pair of side surfaces 22 extending in the circumferential direction W intersecting the axial direction X. It has six planes composed of a pair of planes 20 having planes intersecting the linear direction Y (tunnel normal direction) and having planes parallel to the axial direction X and the circumferential direction W. The main body portion 2 has, for example, a width of about 200 mm to 2,500 mm in the axial direction X and a thickness of about 150 mm to 700 mm in the normal direction Y of the tunnel.

The segment joint 3 may be arranged on the end surface 21 or, for example, the side surface 22. That is, the segment joint 3 is arranged, for example, on at least one of the end surface 21 and the side surface 22 of the face side C and the wellhead side D. The segment joint 3 is used to connect a pair of segments 1a and 1b along the circumferential direction W. The segment joint 3 has at least one of a male side connecting portion 31 and a female side connecting portion 32. When the pair of segments 1a and 1b are connected by a bolt and a nut, the bolt becomes the male side connecting portion 31 and the nut becomes the female side connecting portion 32.

The male side connecting portion 31 and the female side connecting portion 32 connect the main body portion 2 along the circumferential direction W. By inserting one of the male-side connecting portion 31 and the female-side connecting portion 32 into the other, the end surface 21 of one segment 1a adjacent to the circumferential direction W and the end surface 21 of the other segment 1b are brought into contact with each other. This is for connecting the main body 2 of one segment 1a and the main body 2 of the other segment 1b. For example, by inserting and fitting the male side connecting portion 31 provided in the other segment 1b into the female side connecting portion 32 provided in one segment 1a in the axial direction X (one-dot chain arrow in FIG. 2). , A pair of segments 1a and 1b can be connected.

For example, one end face 21 of the segment 1 is provided with a male side connecting portion 31, the other end face 21 is provided with a female side connecting portion 32, and both end faces 21 are provided with only the male side connecting portion 31 or the female side connecting portion. Only the portion 32 may be provided. The number of the male side connecting portion 31 and the female side connecting portion 32 is arbitrary.

The male side connecting portion 31 has one end that fits with the female side connecting portion 32. For example, one end of the male side connecting portion 31 protrudes from the main body portion 2, and the other end is embedded in the main body portion 2. One end is, for example, a columnar or columnar shape that is thicker than the other end and extends in the axial direction X.

The female side connecting portion 32 has a shape that fits with one end of the male side connecting portion 31. The female side connecting portion 32 is embedded in the main body portion 2, for example, and is connected to a groove portion 23 formed in the main body portion 2 and into which one end of the male side connecting portion 31 can be inserted. In this case, the male side connecting portion 31 is fitted with the female side connecting portion 32 via the groove portion 23. As shown in FIG. 2, the groove portion 23 may extend along the axial direction X or may extend along the normal direction Y, for example. The female side connecting portion 32 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction X and has a slit extending in the axial direction X.

The slip-out prevention device 4 is provided on the side surface 22. The slip-out prevention device 4 is used to prevent the segment joints 3 of the pair of connected segments 1a and 1b from slipping out. The escape prevention device 4 has at least one of the male side deterrence unit 41 and the female side deterrence unit 42.

As shown in FIG. 14, the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided, for example, on the side surface 22 of the face side C at least in the axial direction X. When the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided only on the side surface 22 of the face side C, when the segment 1 is about to slip out, as shown in FIG. 15, the segment 1 due to the minute gap for assembly provided in the joint of the segment 1 is provided. Rotation occurs with the D end on the wellhead side of the main body of the segment 1 as the center of rotation. This is because the assembled segment 1 is already arranged on the wellhead side D, and the rotation in the direction in which the wellhead side D end is opened with the face side C end as the rotation center is constrained by these segments 1. Is.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 16, the male side deterrence unit 41 and the female side deterrence unit 42 of the escape prevention device 4 compete with each other to more firmly suppress the escape, but the escape prevention force F due to the auction is the anti-slip due to the auction. It is a cosine component of the power factor (F = P × cosφ). As shown in FIG. 16A, the angle of rotation φ is such that the angle of rotation φ = tan ^-1 (a / B) (a is a gap until the male side restraint portion 41 and the female side restraint portion 42 compete with each other. Shown, B is calculated by (indicating the width of segment 1). That is, the angle of rotation φ is inversely proportional to the segment width B. From this, as shown in FIG. 16B, the smaller the segment width B, the larger the rotation angle φ, and therefore the smaller the pull-out prevention force F1 due to the auction. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 16C, the larger the segment width B, the smaller the rotation angle φ, and therefore the larger the pull-out prevention force F2 due to the auction.

In FIG. 17, the segment width B is shown on the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis is the each segment width B when the auction prevention force F at 2,500 mm, which is the upper limit of the general segment width B, is set to 100%. It shows the ratio of the escape prevention force F by the auction. As shown in FIG. 17, when the segment width B is less than 250 mm, the pull-out prevention force F due to the auction is greatly reduced. The effect of the present invention is greatly exhibited by setting the segment width B to 250 mm or more and 2,500 mm or less.

In the male-side restraint portion 41 and the female-side restraint portion 42, the male-side connecting portion 31 is placed on at least one of the side surfaces 22 of the face side C and the wellhead side D in the direction opposite to the direction in which the segment joint 3 is inserted. This is to prevent the female side connecting portion 32 from coming off. Here, the "insertion direction" indicates the direction from the position immediately before insertion to immediately after insertion when the other segment 1b is connected to one segment 1a in the axial direction X or the normal direction Y. For example, in the case of FIG. 2, since the other segment 1b is inserted in the direction indicated by the alternate long and short dash arrow, the “insertion direction” indicates the wellhead side D from the face side C in the axial direction X. At this time, the "direction opposite to the insertion direction" indicates the wellhead side D to the face side C in the axial direction X. Therefore, the male deterrent section 41 and the female deterrent section 42 prevent the main body portion 2 from coming out in the direction from the wellhead side D to the face side C. For example, the "insertion direction" may indicate the ground side A from the inner sky side I in the normal direction Y. At this time, the "direction opposite to the insertion direction" indicates the ground side A to the inner sky side I in the normal direction Y. In this case, the male side deterrent unit 41 and the female side deterrence unit 42 prevent the main body unit 2 from coming out in the direction from the ground side A to the inner air side I.

For example, by engaging the female deterrent portion 42 provided in one segment 1a with the male deterrent portion 41 provided in the other segment 1b, the insertion direction of the main body portion 2 of the segment 1b is opposite. It is possible to prevent the escape in the direction of. In particular, by arranging the slip-out prevention device 4 on the side surface 22, the rotation of the segment 1 and the like can be strongly suppressed.

For example, on one side surface 22 of the segment 1, a male deterrent portion 41 is provided at one end in the circumferential direction W, a female deterrent portion 42 is provided at the other end, and only the male deterrent portion 41 is provided at both ends. , Or only the female deterrent portion 42 may be provided. The number of the male deterrent unit 41 and the female deterrence unit 42 is arbitrary.

The male deterrent portion 41 has an end portion 41a that engages with the female deterrent portion 42. For example, the male side restraining portion 41 has an end portion 41a protruding from the main body portion 2 and the other end embedded in the main body portion 2. The male deterrent portion 41 may be formed in an L-shape or a T-shape, for example. As shown in FIG. 2, when the end portion 41a projects along the circumferential direction W, the other end is embedded in the side surface 22, so that the male side restraint portion 41 is provided on the side surface 22. Further, even when the other end of the male deterrent portion 41 is not embedded in the side surface 22 and is provided on the same plane as the side surface 22 and protrudes in the circumferential direction W, the male deterrent portion 41 is provided on the side surface 22.

The female deterrent portion 42 has a support portion 42a that engages with the male deterrent portion 41. The female side restraint portion 42 has, for example, a groove shape formed on the side surface 22, and a support portion 42a is provided in the groove. The female side restraining portion 42 may have a groove shape extending from the side surface 22 to the end surface 21 along the circumferential direction W, for example, as shown in FIG.

In the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the steel material 5 may be arranged on at least a pair of end faces 21 and a pair of side surfaces 22 as shown in FIG. 3, for example.

The steel material 5 is provided in a state where the periphery of the male side connecting portion 31 and the female side connecting portion 32 provided in the main body portion 2 is cut out, and for example, at least one of the male side connecting portion 31 and the female side connecting portion 32. However, it may be fixed to the steel material 5 by welding or the like.

The steel material 5 is provided in a state where the periphery of the male deterrent portion 41 and the female deterrent portion 42 provided in the main body portion 2 is cut out, and for example, at least one of the male deterrence portion 41 and the female deterrent portion 42. However, it may be fixed to the steel material 5 by welding or the like.

The steel material 5 may have a flange 5f, for example, as shown in FIG. The flanges 5f are formed at both ends of the steel material 5 arranged on the side surface 22 in the normal direction Y and extend in the axial direction X, for example.

The segment 1 to which the present invention is applied includes, for example, a ring joint 8 arranged on the side surface 22. The ring joint 8 is used to connect the pair of segments 1 along the axial direction X.

The ring joint 8 has a male side joint 81 and a female side joint 82. The male side joint 81 and the female side joint 82 have a shape that fits each other. For example, by fitting the male side joint 81 provided on the side surface 22 of the segment 1 on the face side C to the female side joint 82 provided on the side surface 22 of the segment 1 (segment ring 71) on the wellhead side D. A pair of segments 1 along the axial direction X can be connected.

One end of the male side joint 81 protrudes from the main body portion 2, the other end is embedded in the main body portion 2, and the other end may be fixed to the steel material 5 by, for example, welding. The female side joint 82 may be embedded in the main body 2 or may be fixed to the steel material 5 by, for example, welding.

As the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, in addition to the above-mentioned segments 1a and 1b (A piece), for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the key segment 1k and the segments 1c and 1d (B piece, which are connected to the key segment 1k). C piece) may be used.

Both end faces 21 of the segments 1a and 1b are formed substantially in parallel along the axial direction X. On the other hand, the key segment 1k is formed in a tapered shape along the axial direction X, and both end faces 21 of the key segment 1k have an inclination along the axial direction X. Further, in the segments 1c and 1d, one end face 21 connected to the segments 1a and 1b is formed substantially in parallel along the axial direction X, and the other end face 21 connected to the key segment 1k is formed in the axial direction X. Has a slope along.

The slip-out prevention device 4 is arranged, for example, in at least the key segment 1k. Both end faces 21 of the key segment 1k are inclined along the axial direction X. That is, the key segment 1k is connected to the segments 1c and 1d, and then the tunnel circumferential axial force generated by the action of soil water pressure on the tunnel is inclined along the axial direction X of the key segment 1k at the end surface 21. , A component force in the axial direction X, which is the exit direction of the key segment 1k, is generated, and there is a high possibility that the key segment 1k will slide and exit due to the action of a particularly large exit force. Therefore, by arranging the slip-out prevention device 4 on the side surface 22 of the key segment 1k, it is possible to prevent the key segment 1k from slipping out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2.

FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the exit force P, which is made dimensionless by the tunnel circumferential axial force acting on the key segment 1k, and the inclination angle θ of the end face 21 of the key segment 1k. This relationship is derived using a wedge calculation formula, and the escape force P is obtained from the tunnel circumferential axial force N, the inclination angle θ, and the friction coefficient μ of the end face 21. According to the standard segment for shield construction (July 2001, Japan Sewerage Association), the coefficient of friction between general steel materials is 0.3, and the coefficient of friction between concretes is 0.5. When the friction coefficient is sufficiently large, the friction force F is larger than the pull-out force P in the region where the inclination angle θ is small, so that the pull-out does not occur. However, it has also been reported that, normally, when the key segment 1k is assembled, a lubricant is applied to the end face 21 and the friction coefficient μ becomes about 1/10 of the usual one. In that case, as shown in FIG. 18, a breakout force P may be generated in the range where the inclination angle θ of the key segment 1k is 2 degrees or more. Therefore, in particular, by arranging the escape prevention device 4 for the key segment 1k in which the inclination angle θ is set to 2 degrees or more, the safety of the construction can be surely ensured. In FIG. 5, the male side deterrent unit 41 is provided on the side surface 22 of the key segment 1k, but the female side deterrence unit 42 may be provided.

<Example of slip-out prevention device 4>
The escape prevention device 4 prevents the pair of segments 1a and 1b from coming out by moving the male side restraint portion 41 into the groove-shaped female side restraint portion 42, for example, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 6A. do. Although FIG. 6A shows an example in which the segment 1b is moved along the axial direction X, for example, the segment 1b may be moved along the normal direction Y.

The end portion 41a of the male side restraining portion 41 has, for example, widened portions on both sides in the normal direction Y. As the end portion 41a, for example, a steel material integrally formed with the male side restraining portion 41 is used.

At least one support portion 42a of the female side restraint portion 42 is provided on the side surface of the groove-shaped female side restraint portion 42 in the normal direction Y (two in FIG. 6). As the support portion 42a, for example, a steel material fixed to an elastic body such as a spring is used.

For example, when the segment 1b is moved in the direction of the arrow (insertion direction) in FIG. 6A, the end portion 41a engages with the support portion 42a as shown in FIG. 6B. As a result, it is possible to prevent the segment 1b from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of each main body portion 2.

For example, at the height of the end portion 41a in the normal direction Y, the height h1 on the tip end side is smaller than the height h2 on the base end side (side surface 22 side). Further, in the distance between the pair of support portions 42a provided on both side surfaces in the normal direction Y of the female side restraint portion 42, the height h3 on the side surface 22 side is larger than the height h4 on the bottom surface side. In this case, for example, when the height h1 is formed smaller than the height h3, the male side restraining portion 41 can be easily inserted into the female side restraining portion 42, and the segment 1b can be smoothly moved. Further, for example, when the height h2 is formed larger than the height h4, it becomes easy to engage the male deterrent portion 41 with the female deterrent portion 42, which is opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2 of the segment 1b. It is possible to easily prevent the escape in the direction of.

The end portion 41a is formed in a tapered shape in which the height of the end portion decreases from the base end side to the tip end side, for example, when viewed from the circumferential direction W. Further, the support portion 42a is formed in a tapered shape in which the distance between the support portions 42a increases from the bottom surface side to the side surface 22 side, for example, when viewed from the circumferential direction W. As a result, the segment 1b can be moved more smoothly, and the segment 1b can be easily prevented from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2.

<First modification of the slip-out prevention device 4>
Next, a first modification of the slip-out prevention device 4 will be described. The difference between the above-mentioned escape prevention device 4 and the first modification is that the engaging positions of the male side restraint unit 41 and the female side restraint unit 42 are different. The description of the same configuration as described above will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, for example, the male deterrent portion 41 may engage (including adhesion and adhesion) the end surface 41b with the female deterrent portion 42 instead of the end portion 41a. In this case, the female side restraining portion 42 engages the end surface 41b with, for example, a support portion 42b provided on the bottom surface. As the support portion 42b, for example, a viscoelastic body having adhesiveness or adhesiveness, or a surface fastener such as magic tape (registered trademark) that can be attached and detached in a surface shape is used.

For example, when the segment 1b is moved in the direction of the arrow (insertion direction) in FIG. 7 (b), the end face 41b engages with the support portion 42b as shown in FIG. 7 (c). As a result, it is possible to prevent the segment 1b from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2.

For example, when a hook-and-loop fastener having a pair of detachable portions is used as the support portion 42b, for example, in a state where one of the detachable portions of the support portion 42b is previously engaged with the end surface 41b, the inside of the groove-shaped female side restraining portion 42. The male deterrent unit 41 may be moved to. Also in this case, by providing the other detachable portion on the bottom surface of the female side restraining portion 42, the pair of detachable portions are abutted and fixed, and the segment 1b comes out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2. Can be deterred.

The slip-out prevention device 4 may be arranged in close proximity to the segment joint 3 along the normal direction Y, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the segment joint 3 is arranged on the side surface 22. In this case, when the pair of segments 1a and 1b are connected, the fitted state of the segment joint 3 can be easily visually confirmed by an operator or the like. Further, when the pair of segments 1a and 1b are connected, the possibility that the male side connecting portion 31 of the segment joint 3 comes into contact with the connected segment 1a and is damaged can be extremely reduced.

The slip-out prevention device 4 may be integrally formed with the segment joint 3, for example, as shown in FIG. The end surface 41b of the male side restraining portion 41 is provided on the surface of the male side connecting portion 31 on the wellhead side D in the axial direction X. The support portion 42b of the female side restraining portion 42 is provided on the bottom surface of the female side connecting portion 32 formed in a groove shape.

For example, when the segment 1b is moved in the direction of the arrow (insertion direction) in FIG. 9 (b), the male side connecting portion 31 is fitted with the female side connecting portion 32 and the end face is as shown in FIG. 9 (c). 41b engages with the support 42b. As a result, it is possible to prevent the segment 1b from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2. Further, as compared with the case where the segment joint 3 and the slip-out prevention device 4 are formed separately, the male side connecting portion 31 and the female side connecting portion 32 are fitted together, and the male side restraining portion 41 and the female side restraining portion are suppressed. Engagement with the portion 42 can be easily carried out. This makes it possible to reduce the time spent connecting the pair of segments 1a and 1b.

<Second modification of the slip-out prevention device 4>
Next, a second modification of the slip-out prevention device 4 will be described. The difference between the above-mentioned escape prevention device 4 and the second modification is that it does not have the female side restraining unit 42. At this time, the slip-out prevention device 4 is fixed to the steel material 5 or the steel segment joint 3 arranged on the side surface 22. The description of the same configuration as described above will be omitted.

The escape prevention device 4 may have only the male deterrent unit 41, for example, as shown in FIG. The male deterrent portion 41 is provided on the steel material 5 arranged on the side surface 22 of the segment 1a. The male deterrent portion 41 has a deterrent member 41c attached to a shaft member such as a threaded stud fixed to a steel material 5, for example. As the restraining member 41c, for example, a steel plate or the like is used. The restraining member 41c is screwed into, for example, a shaft member, and can be rotated about the axial direction X as an axis.

The restraining member 41c rotates, for example, in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 10A, and the protruding portion 32a of the female side connecting portion 32 including the joint portion 32b provided integrally with the protruding portion 32a has the restraining member 41c and the steel material 5. It is sandwiched between and. As a result, the male deterrent portion 41 engages with the female side connecting portion 32.

The joint portion 32b is provided on the segment 1b side connected to the segment 1a provided with the male side restraint portion 41, and is fixed to the steel material 5 arranged on the side surface 22 of the segment 1b. The female side connecting portion 32 extends from the joining portion 32b to the protruding portion 32a along the circumferential direction W.

The male-side connecting portion 31 is provided on the segment 1a side where the male-side restraining portion 41 is provided, is fixed to the steel material 5 arranged on the side surface 22 of the segment 1a, and projects in the axial direction X. For example, when the segment 1b is moved from the upper side to the lower side (insertion direction) in the axial direction X in FIG. 10B, the male side connecting portion 31 has the axial direction X on the protruding portion 32a side of the female side connecting portion 32. Fits with the hole 32h formed in. As a result, the pair of segments 1a and 1b are connected.

Even in this case, the male-side deterrent portion 41 can be engaged with the female-side connecting portion 32 to prevent the segment 1b from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2. Further, since it is not necessary to form the female side restraining portion 42, it is possible to reduce the number of manufacturing steps of the segment 1.

<Third modification example of the slip-out prevention device 4>
Next, a third modification of the slip-out prevention device 4 will be described. The difference between the second modification and the third modification of the above-mentioned escape prevention device 4 is that the male side restraining unit 41 is provided after connecting the pair of segments 1a and 1b. The description of the same configuration as described above will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 11, for example, the slip-out prevention device 4 may be arranged after connecting the pair of segments 1a and 1b, and may have only the male side restraining unit 41. The male side restraining portion 41 has a protruding member 41d, and a steel material or the like is used as the protruding member 41d. As shown in FIG. 11D, for example, the projecting member 41d has an insertion portion 41e and an abutting portion 41f projecting in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the flat plate (axial direction X in FIG. 11D). The insertion portion 41e is, for example, a columnar member provided between a pair of contact portions 41f, and the insertion portion 41e and the contact portion 41f are flat plate members.

For example, when the segment 1b is moved from the upper side to the lower side (insertion direction) in the axial direction X in FIG. 11B, the male side connecting portion 31 and the hole 32h formed in the female side connecting portion 32 are fitted. It fits. As a result, the pair of segments 1a and 1b are connected. In this state, as shown in FIGS. 11 (c) and 11 (d), the insertion portion 41e is inserted into the hole 31h formed in the axial direction X of the male side connecting portion 31. At this time, the protruding portion 32a of the female side connecting portion 32 is sandwiched between the contact portion 41f and the steel material 5. As a result, the male deterrent portion 41 engages with the female side connecting portion 32.

Even in this case, the male-side deterrent portion 41 can be engaged with the female-side connecting portion 32 to prevent the segment 1b from coming out in the direction opposite to the insertion direction of the main body portion 2. Further, since it is not necessary to form the female side restraining portion 42, it is possible to reduce the number of manufacturing steps of the segment 1.

<Fourth modification of the slip-out prevention device 4>
Next, a fourth modification of the slip-out prevention device 4 will be described. The difference between the above-mentioned escape prevention device 4 and the fourth modification is that the escape prevention device 4 is provided close to the notification unit 6. The description of the same configuration as described above will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 12, for example, the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided close to the notification unit 6 that determines the engaged state of the slip-out prevention device 4 and notifies the operator or the like. The notification unit 6 is provided in, for example, the female side restraint unit 42.

The notification unit 6 has, for example, a sensor unit, a control unit, and an output unit. The sensor unit signals the engagement state of the disconnection prevention device 4. As the sensor unit, for example, in addition to the contact type sensor shown in FIG. 13, a non-contact type sensor using an electromagnetic wave or the like is used. The control unit determines the engagement state of the escape prevention device 4 based on the signal from the sensor unit. The output unit notifies the operator and the like of the determination result. The output unit transmits the determination result via, for example, wireless communication and notifies the communication terminal of the operator or the like of the determination result, and also turns on, for example, an electrically connected LED or the like to notify the operator or the like. You may.

As shown in FIG. 13A, for example, the notification unit 6 may be provided in contact with the support unit 42a of the female side restraint unit 42. For example, when the segment 1b is moved in the direction of the arrow (insertion direction) in FIG. 13A, as shown in FIG. Sandwiched. As a result, the notification unit 6 determines that the male-side deterrence unit 41 and the female-side deterrence unit 42 are engaged, and notifies the operator or the like.

According to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided on the side surface 22 of the main body portion 2, and the male side connecting portion 31 is connected to the female side in the direction opposite to the direction in which the segment joint 3 is inserted. It includes at least one of a male deterrence unit 41 and a female deterrence unit 42 for deterring the unit from coming out of the unit 32. Therefore, even when the segment 1 is rotated due to the pull-out force, it is possible to take a longer distance between the couples that resist the rotation as compared with the case where the pull-out prevention device 4 is provided on the end face 21. The rotation of the segment 1 can be strongly suppressed. This is because it is necessary to provide a minute gap in the joint of the segment 1 for assembling the segment 1, so that when the segment 1 tries to come out, one side is opened and the segment 1 rotates. Will get out of. By providing the slip-out prevention device 4 on the side surface 22 where the gap is the largest, the slip-out prevention effect by auction is greatly exhibited. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the segment 1 from coming off, and it is possible to improve the safety of construction work.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided on the side surface 22 of the main body 2. When the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided on the end face 21 of the main body 2, the distance between the end faces 21 of the pair of segments 1 may be small and damaged during the connecting operation. On the other hand, by providing the escape prevention device 4 on the side surface 22, when connecting the pair of segments 1, the escape prevention device 4 can be separated from the end surface 21 to be connected, so that the segment 1 is in contact with the connection destination. The possibility of damage can be extremely reduced. As a result, after the pair of segments 1 are connected, the slip-out prevention device 4 can be reliably operated, and the safety of construction can be improved.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the steel material 5 is arranged on at least a pair of end faces 21 and a pair of side surfaces 22 among the six faces provided in the main body 2. Therefore, the concrete is reinforced by the restraining effect of the steel material 5 against the reaction force of the slip-out prevention device 4 acting on the main body 2, and the slip-out of the segment 1 can be prevented more firmly. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work. Further, when the pair of segments 1 are connected, it is possible to prevent the main body 2 from coming into contact with the disconnection prevention device 4 at the connection destination and being damaged. This makes it possible to improve the durability of the segment 1.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the slip-out prevention device 4 is fixed to the steel material 5 or the steel segment joint 3 arranged on the side surface 22. Therefore, the reaction force of the escape prevention device 4 acts on the steel material 5, and the escape of the segment 1 can be prevented more firmly. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the slip-out prevention device 4 is provided on the side surface 22 of the face side C at least in the axial direction X. Therefore, when connecting the pair of segments 1, the side surface 22 of the segment ring 71 on the face side C does not have an adjacent segment ring 71 that has not been assembled yet, so that the operator or the like can easily check the engaged state of the slip-out prevention device 4. Can be visually confirmed. Further, when the pair of segments 1 are connected, the escape prevention device 4 on the face side C does not come close to the end surface 21 of the connection destination segment 1, so that the escape prevention device 4 comes into contact with the connection destination segment 1. The possibility of being damaged can be further reduced, and after the pair of segments 1 are connected, the escape prevention device 4 can be reliably operated. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the segment joint 3 is arranged on the side surface 22 of the face side C and the wellhead side D. Therefore, when connecting the pair of segments 1, the operator or the like can easily visually confirm the fitted state of the segment joint 3. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work. Further, when the pair of segments 1 are connected, the possibility that the segment joint 3 comes into contact with the connected segment 1 and is damaged can be extremely reduced. This makes it possible to improve the durability of the segment joint 3.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the escape prevention device 4 particularly in the fourth modification is provided in the vicinity of the notification unit 6. Therefore, when connecting the pair of segments 1, an operator or the like who stands by at a place away from the segments 1 can easily confirm the engaged state of the escape prevention device 4. This makes it possible to further improve the safety of construction work.

Further, according to the segment 1 to which the present invention is applied, the escape prevention device 4 is provided at least in the key segment 1k. In the key segment 1k, the tunnel circumferential axial force generated by the action of soil water pressure on the tunnel is the tunnel axial component force in the exit direction of the key segment 1k at the end face 21 inclined in the axial direction X of the key segment 1k. Will be produced, and a particularly large pull-out force is likely to occur. On the other hand, as compared with the case where the withdrawal prevention device 4 is provided on the tapered end surface 21 inclined in the axial direction X, the reaction force of the withdrawal prevention device 4 acts on the main body 2 at a right angle and simply. As a result, it is possible to prevent the segment 1 from coming out more firmly against a larger pull-out force, and it is possible to greatly improve the safety of construction work. Further, when the key segment 1k is inserted, both end faces 21 of the key segment 1k are extremely close to the segment 1 of the connection destination, so that the escape prevention device 4 is connected as compared with the case where the escape prevention device 4 is provided on the end surface 21. It is possible to dramatically reduce the possibility of damage due to contact with the previous segment 1, and it is possible to greatly improve the safety of construction work. Further, for example, by providing the escape prevention device 4 only in the key segment 1k, it is possible to improve the safety of construction work and reduce the material cost.

Although the examples of the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, all of the above-described embodiments are merely examples of specific examples in carrying out the present invention, and the technical aspects of the present invention are thereby used. The scope should not be construed in a limited way.

1: Segment 1a: Segment 1b: Segment 1c: Segment 1d: Segment 1k: Key segment 2: Main body 20: Surface 21: End surface 22: Side surface 23: Groove 3: Segment joint 31: Male side connecting portion 31h: Hole 32: Female side connecting part 32a: Protruding part 32b: Joint part 32h: Hole 4: Breakout prevention device 41: Male side restraining part 41a: End part 41b: End face 41c: Suppressing member 41d: Protruding member 41e: Insertion part 41f: Contact part 42: Female side restraint part 42a: Support part 42b: Support part 5: Steel material 5f: Flange 6: Notification part 7: Shield tunnel 70: Shield machine 71: Segment ring 8: Ring joint 81: Male side joint 82: Female side joint 9: Underground A: Ground side I: Inner air side C: Face side D: Wellhead side S: Inner space W: Circumferential direction X: Axial direction Y: Normal direction

Claims (7)

A segment for constructing the tunnel by connecting them to each other in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the tunnel.
The segment is
A main body having six faces composed of a pair of end faces in the tunnel circumferential direction, a pair of side surfaces in the tunnel axial direction, and a pair of faces in the tunnel normal direction.
The end face and the segment joints arranged on at least one of the side surfaces on the face side and the wellhead side in the direction of the tunnel axis are provided.
In order to connect the main body portion and the main body portion of the other segment, the segment joint abuts the end face of the other segment adjacent to the tunnel circumferential direction by inserting one into the other. Has at least one of the male and female joints of the
Prevents the male side connecting portion from coming out of the female side connecting portion on at least one of the side surfaces of the face side and the wellhead side in the tunnel axial direction in a direction opposite to the direction in which the segment joint is inserted. A segment characterized by being provided with a slip-out prevention device provided with at least one of a male deterrent and a female deterrent. The segment according to claim 1, wherein steel materials are arranged on at least a pair of the end faces and a pair of the side surfaces among the six faces. The segment according to claim 2, wherein the slip-out prevention device is fixed to the steel material or the segment joint made of steel arranged on the side surface. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the slip-out prevention device is provided on at least the side surface of the side surface on the face side in the tunnel axial direction. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the segment joint is arranged on the side surface on the face side and the wellhead side in the tunnel axial direction. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the slip-out prevention device is provided close to a notification unit that notifies the engagement state of the slip-out prevention device. The segment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slip-out prevention device is provided at least in a key segment.

Images