JP6990047B2 - Reticle, reticle unit, optical equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a reticle, a reticle unit, and an optical device provided with the reticle or a reticle unit having a pattern formed as an index when an observer visually recognizes an observation object.

Examples of optical instruments equipped with the above reticle include rifle scopes, field scopes, surveying instruments, telescopes, microscopes, and the like. For example, in a shooting aiming scope represented by a rifle scope (hereinafter referred to as "rifle scope"), a crosshair, a bullet descent correction line, a dot, or a pattern in which these are combined is formed to aim at a target. Reticles are used. Such a reticle generally uses thin optical glass as a substrate, and two wires are stretched in a cross shape on the glass substrate to bond them, or a groove is dug in the glass substrate to fix ink, or electroforming. It is configured so that the image of the pattern can be visually recognized by blocking the incident light by forming a crosshair or the like (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-285598 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-174845 U.S. Pat. No. 1302353

However, each of the conventional reticle as described above has a problem. For example, in a reticle having a structure in which two wires are stretched in a cross shape, it is difficult to greatly change the line width of the cross line on the way. Also, in electroforming, the crosshairs connected to the outer ring can be formed relatively freely, including the line width, but the ends of the lines or the entire figure float in the air like bullet drop correction lines, dots, and symbols. It was difficult to form such a pattern.

The first aspect of solving the above problems is a reticle in which a pattern (for example, the reticle pattern 32 in the embodiment) is formed as an index when the observer visually recognizes the observation target. In this reticle, the pattern comprises convex portions provided on at least one surface of the plate-shaped optical member, the convex portions in the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern (for example, the pattern lines 32a and 32b in the embodiment). It is composed of multiple protrusions extending in parallel in the length direction, and when the observation target is viewed through the reticle, the light incident on the reticle from the observation target side is deflected by the protrusions, so that the image of the pattern is visually recognized. It is configured to be.

In the convex portion , at least a part of the light incident on the convex portion through the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle is provided on the rear side (observer side) of the reticle (for example, the optical system). It can be configured to be deflected at the convex portion at an angle larger than the angle at which the eyepiece 4) in the embodiment can be emitted.

Further, the pattern has lines having different widths (for example, pattern lines 32a and 32b in the embodiment), and the lines having different widths can be formed by a plurality of the protrusions according to the line width.

Further, the ridge is configured to have an inclined surface inclined with respect to the optical axis of an optical system (for example, an upright lens 2 in the embodiment) provided on the front side (observation target side) of the reticle. be able to. Here, the angle of inclination of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis is such that at least a part of the light incident on the inclined surface via the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle and deflected is provided on the rear side of the reticle. It can be less than or equal to the first predetermined angle (for example, the first predetermined angle α1 / 2 in the embodiment) that can be directly incident on the optical axis. Further, the angle of inclination of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis is such that at least a part of the light incident on the inclined surface via the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle and deflected is incident on the other inclined surface facing the inclined surface. It can be a second predetermined angle (for example, the second predetermined angle α2 / 2 in the embodiment) or more. For example, the inclination angle of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis can be 21 ° or more and 70 ° or less.

It should be noted that the light incident from the observation target side is transmitted between the pair of inclined surfaces constituting the ridge and / or between the two inclined surfaces of the adjacent ridges so that the observer can visually recognize the light. A transmission surface can be provided.

The composition ratio of the transmission surface in the convex portion can be 1% to 99%. The transmission surface can be a surface with a radius of curvature of 2 μm or more, and the distance between adjacent transmission surfaces and the distance between adjacent inclined surfaces shall be set so that the distance when viewed by the observer is 0.1 mm or less. Can be done. The composition ratio of the transmission surface can be set to be different depending on the position in the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern. The composition ratio can be set low. Further, the composition ratio of the transmission surface can be set so as to be different depending on the position in the length direction of the lines constituting the pattern. For example, the composition ratio of the portion located at the center of the pattern can be set high, and the composition ratio of the portion located outside can be set low.

The above reticle can be made of a material suitable for molding using a mold, and it is one of the preferable embodiments that the reticle is integrally made of a resin material.

The second aspect illustrating the present invention is a reticle unit. This reticle unit includes a reticle in which a reflective portion having at least a part of a constituent surface as a reflective surface is formed on one of the reticle described above, and a lateral portion of the reflective portion. It is provided with a light source that is arranged in the light source and emits light, and a condensing part that is arranged between the light source and the reflecting part and collects the light radiated from the light source and guides it to the reflecting surface. The light collected by the light unit and reflected by the reflecting surface is emitted from the other surface of the optical member so that it can be visually recognized together with the image of the pattern. Here, "condensing" in the present specification means collecting divergent light emitted from a light source into substantially parallel light or convergent light.

The pattern has at least two lines where extension lines intersect, a reflection section is provided at the intersection of the two lines including the extension lines, and a condensing section receives light radiated from a light source. It can be configured to lead to the reflecting surface from an angular position sandwiched between two lines.

Further, the above pattern has at least two lines whose extension lines intersect at right angles at the center of the optical member, the reflecting portion is provided at the center of the optical member, and the condensing portion is the light emitted from the light source. Can be configured to guide the two lines from a position at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the reflective surface.

A third aspect illustrating the present invention is an optical instrument. In this optical instrument, the objective lens and the image of the object to be observed formed by the objective lens or any of the above-mentioned ones in which the surface provided with the convex portion and / or the concave portion is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the image. It is composed of a reticle or a reticle unit and an eyepiece for observing an image of an object to be observed and an image of a pattern formed by convex portions and / or concave portions in an superimposed manner.

Another aspect illustrating the present invention is a reticle in which a pattern (for example, the reticle pattern 32 in the embodiment) is formed as an index when the observer visually recognizes the observation target, and the pattern is a plate-shaped optical member. The recesses are provided on at least one surface of the pattern and are composed of a plurality of grooves extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern, and the pattern is a line having a different width (for example, an embodiment). 32a, 32b), the lines having different widths are formed by a plurality of grooves according to the line width, and when the observation target is viewed through the reticle, the light incident on the reticle from the observation target side is concave. The image of the pattern is configured to be visible to the observer by being deflected by.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a reticle, a reticle unit having a new configuration capable of forming a desired pattern, and a new optical device provided with such a reticle or a reticle unit.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the rifle scope which is an example of an optical device. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a reticle pattern, (a) is a perspective view of a reticle, (b) is a view seen from the reticle pattern formation surface side. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 1st structure in 1st Embodiment, and (a) (b) are schematic sectional views which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is a micrograph which enlarged the part of the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the emission state of the light incident on the convex part of the reticle from the observation object side. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 2nd configuration form in 1st Embodiment, and (a) (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 3rd structural form in 1st Embodiment, and is the schematic sectional drawing which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the inclination angle of an inclined surface. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 1st structure in 2nd Embodiment, and is the schematic cross-sectional view which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating how these images are perceived by an observer in the situation where the pattern line and the observation object T overlap, and (a) is the case of the reticle 30A of 1st Embodiment. , (B) is the case of the reticle 30B of the second embodiment. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 2nd configuration form in 2nd Embodiment, and is the schematic cross-sectional view which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the reticle of the 3rd structural form in 2nd Embodiment, and is the schematic sectional drawing which cut the reticle in the plane perpendicular to the pattern line. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the appearance of an observation object and a pattern line when the composition ratio of a transmission surface is changed. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure which made the composition ratio of a transmission surface a different ratio depending on the position in the width direction of a pattern line. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure which made the composition ratio of a transmission surface a different ratio depending on the position of the length direction of a pattern line. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the structure when the curvature is provided in the transmission surface. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of the reticle unit, and is explanatory drawing which shows the optical path of the illumination light. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of the reticle unit shown as 3rd Embodiment, and is the perspective view of the reflection part formed on the pattern formation surface of a reticle. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of the said reticle unit, and is the front view of the reticle unit which shows the projection state of the illumination light with respect to the reticle pattern.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As an example of an optical device in which the reticle according to the present embodiment is used, FIG. 1 shows an outline configuration of the riflescope RS, and FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of the reticle used for the riflescope. Reference will be given from the outline of the riflescope RS. The riflescope RS includes an objective lens 1, an upright lens 2, a reticle unit 3, and an eyepiece 4 in order from the observation target side. The objective lens 1, the upright lens 2, and the eyepiece 4 can each be composed of a single lens or a plurality of lenses (lens groups). In the present specification, as shown in the drawings of FIGS. 1 and 2, the optical axis direction of the riflescope RS is defined as the z-axis. The two directions orthogonal to each other in the plane perpendicular to the z-axis are the x-axis and the y-axis, the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1 is the x-axis, and the direction along the paper surface is the y-axis.

The objective lens 1 collects light from the observation target side to form an inverted image (primary image) IM1 of the observation target, and the upright lens 2 is a primary image formed by the objective lens 1. The image IM1 is converted into a secondary image IM2 which is an upright image. The reticle 30 of the reticle unit 3 is arranged at a position conjugate with the primary image IM1 of the objective lens 1 so as to substantially coincide with the secondary image IM2. The reticle 30 of the reticle unit 3 may be arranged so as to substantially coincide with the primary image IM1.

The reticle 30 is mainly composed of a disk-shaped optical member 31 that transmits light of a desired wavelength including a visible region, and a reticle pattern 32 that serves as an index when aiming at a target on one surface 31a of the optical member 31. Is formed. There are various forms of the reticle pattern, but in the present embodiment, a configuration is shown in which a cross-shaped reticle pattern 32 extending in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction from the central portion of the optical member 31 toward the peripheral portion is formed. .. Further, for the pattern line extending in the x-axis direction and the pattern line extending downward from the center in the y-axis direction, the pattern line near the center is thinned (the line width is narrowed) and the outer pattern line is thickened (the line width is widened). An example is a configuration in which a pattern line extending upward from the center in the y-axis direction is thinned. The thin pattern line is referred to as a pattern line 32a, and the thick pattern line is referred to as a pattern line 32b. The specific line widths of the pattern lines 32a and 32b vary depending on the use and function of the reticle, the preference of the observer, etc., but in the case of the riflescope reticle, the line width of the thin pattern line 32a is 5 to 50 μm. The line width of the thick pattern line 32b is set in the range of about 50 to 250 μm.

The reticle 30 is arranged so that the intersections of the pattern lines extending in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction substantially coincide with the optical axis Z of the riflescope RS. Further, in the reticle 30, the surface on which the reticle pattern 32 is formed (hereinafter referred to as “pattern forming surface”) 31a is a secondary image IM2 formed by the upright lens 2 (or a primary image formed by the objective lens 1). It is arranged so as to substantially coincide with IM1), and the pattern forming surface 31a substantially coincides with the object-side focal plane of the eyepiece 4. Therefore, when the observer looks at the observation target through the reticle 30 from the eyepiece 4 side, the secondary image IM2 (or the primary image IM1) of the observation target and the image of the reticle pattern 32 are superposed and visually recognized. As a result, the optical axis Z of the riflescope RS can be accurately aligned with the observation target (target), which is the target, and the target can be aimed at.

In the reticle 30, the reticle pattern 32 is composed of convex portions and / or concave portions provided on at least the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member 31 which is the base material or the substrate of the reticle 30. The convex portion is composed of a plurality of convex strips extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the line constituting the reticle pattern 32, and the concave portion has a length in parallel in the width direction of the line constituting the reticle pattern 32. It is composed of a plurality of grooves extending in a direction. Then, when the observation target is viewed through the reticle 30, the light incident on the reticle 30 from the observation target side is deflected by the convex portion and / or the concave portion so that the image of the reticle pattern 32 can be visually recognized. .. Hereinafter, embodiments of the reticle 30 having such characteristics will be described.

[First Embodiment]
The reticle 30A of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrating the reticle 30A ₁ of the first configuration embodiment included in the present embodiment. Here, FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views obtained by cutting the reticle 30A ₁ at a plane perpendicularly intersecting the pattern lines 32a and 32b, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged portion of the pattern lines 32a and 32b. The micrograph and FIG. 5 are explanatory views for explaining the emission state of the light incident on the convex portion of the reticle 30A ₁ from the observation target side.

In the reticle 30A ₁ of the first configuration form, the pattern lines 32a and 32b of the reticle pattern 32 are composed of the convex portions 33a and 33b provided on the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member 31. The convex portion 33a corresponds to the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width, and the convex portion 33b corresponds to the pattern line 32b having a wide line width. Both the convex portion 33a and the convex portion 33b are composed of a plurality of fine ridges 133, 133, 133, etc., which are parallel to each other in the width direction of the pattern line and extend in the length direction of the pattern line. In other words, the protrusions 33a and 33b are composed of a plurality of protrusions 133 having a width narrower than the line width of the pattern line. Each ridge 133 has a triangular prism shape having a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the pattern line protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a toward the observation target side, and is formed so as to extend in the length direction of the pattern line.

The inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the ridge 133 with respect to the optical axis Z are incident on each inclined surface and deflected by refraction, and the other surface of the optical member facing the pattern forming surface 31a (hereinafter referred to as “the other surface”). At least a part of the light emitted from the (referred to as "opposing surface") 31b is set to be larger than the angle transmitted through the eyepiece 4 provided on the rear side of the reticle 30A ₁ . In short, the light emitted from the reticle 30A ₁ deflected by the ridges 133, 133, 133, etc. is set so as not to pass through the eyepiece 4 and enter the observer's eyes.

The protrusions 33a and 33b can be composed of a number of protrusions 133 according to the line width of the pattern line. That is, the convex portion 33a forming the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width is composed of a small number of ridges 133, and the convex portion 33b forming the pattern line 32b having a wide line width is composed of a large number of ridges 133. can do. In the configuration example of the pattern line shown in FIG. 4, the convex portion 33a of the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width w is composed of five ridges 133, and the convex portion 33b of the wide pattern line 32b having a line width of 5w is 25. It is composed of the convex strips 133 of the book. The width of each ridge 133 in this configuration example is about 10 μm.

In the riflescope RS provided with the reticle 30A ₁ having such a configuration, the light incident on the pattern forming surface 31a from the observation target side (left side in FIG. 3) is refracted by the inclined surface 140 of the ridges 133, 133, 133 ... Then, it is deflected in a direction away from the optical axis Z of the riflescope RS and emitted from the facing surface 31b of the optical member. At this time, since the emission angle of the light emitted from the facing surface 31b of the optical member is larger than the emission angle that can be transmitted through the eyepiece lens 4, the light emitted from the eyepiece lens 4 does not enter the observer's eye. The light refracted by the inclined surface 140 and emitted from the facing surface 31b (for convenience, referred to as “deflected light”) is the inner circumference of the lens barrel that holds the reticle 30A ₁ , the eyepiece 4, and the like, as shown in FIG. 5, for example. Absorbed on the surface. Therefore, the observer who visually observes the target observation target from the eyepiece 4 side cannot see the light from the portion where the convex portions 33a and 33b are provided, and the pattern lines 32a and 32b are visually recognized as dark lines. The image of the reticle pattern 32 is clearly observed.

In the reticle 30A ₁ of the present embodiment, one pattern line is composed of a plurality of ridges 133 according to the line width. Therefore, the height of the convex portion protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a can be significantly suppressed as compared with the case where the convex portions 33a and 33b are composed of a single convex strip. As a result, the thickness of the reticle can be reduced, and it is possible to provide a reticle that can be easily handled during storage, assembly, etc. by suppressing damage to the convex portions 33a and 33b. Further, if the pattern lines 32a and 32b are composed of ridges 133 having a number proportional to the line width (assuming that the ridge formation density per unit line width is the same), a reticle having a uniform contrast regardless of the line width. You can get a pattern.

The reticle 30A ₂ of the second configuration included in the present embodiment will be described. The reticle 30A ₂ is a configuration in which the ridges of the reticle 30A ₁ of the first configuration are V-grooves (V-shaped grooves). .. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are schematic cross-sectional views corresponding to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), in which the reticle 30A ₁ is cut at a plane perpendicularly intersecting the pattern lines 32a and 32b.

In the reticle 30A ₂ , the pattern lines 32a and 32b of the reticle pattern 32 are composed of recesses 34a and 34b formed on the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member. The recess 34a corresponds to the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width, and the recess 34b corresponds to the pattern line 32b having a wide line width. Both the recess 34a and the recess 34b are composed of a plurality of fine V-grooves 134, 134, 134, etc., which are parallel to each other in the width direction of the pattern line and extend in the length direction of the pattern line. That is, the recesses 34a and 34b are composed of a plurality of V-grooves 134 having a width narrower than the line width of the pattern. Each V-groove 134 has a V-shape whose cross-sectional shape in the direction orthogonal to the pattern line opens toward the pattern forming surface 31a, and is formed so as to extend in the length direction of the pattern line.

The inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the V-groove 134 with respect to the optical axis Z are incident on each inclined surface and deflected by refraction, and at least a part of the deflected light emitted from the facing surface 31b is a reticle. It is set so as to be larger than the angle transmitted through the eyepiece 4 provided on the rear side. In short, the light emitted from the reticle 30A ₁ deflected by the V-grooves 134, 134, 134, etc. is set so as not to pass through the eyepiece 4 and enter the observer's eyes.

The recesses 34a and 34b can be composed of a number of V-grooves 134 according to the line width of the pattern line. That is, the recess 34a forming the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width may be composed of a small number of V-grooves 134, and the recess 34b forming the pattern line 32b having a wide line width may be formed by a large number of V-grooves 134. can. For example, the recess 34a of the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width w is composed of three V-grooves 134, and the recess 34b of the pattern line 32b having a wide line width of 4w is composed of 12 V-grooves 134.

Even in the riflescope RS provided with the reticle 30A ₂ having such a configuration, the light incident on the pattern forming surface 31a from the observation target side is refracted by the inclined surface 140 of the V grooves 134, 134, 134 ... It is deflected in a direction away from the optical axis Z and exits from the facing surface 31b of the optical member. At this time, since the emission angle of the deflected light emitted from the facing surface 31b of the optical member is larger than the emission angle that can be transmitted through the eyepiece 4, the eyepiece 4 does not enter the observer's eye. Therefore, the observer who visually observes the target observation target from the eyepiece 4 side cannot see the light from the portion where the recesses 34a and 34b are provided, and the pattern lines 32a and 32b are visually recognized as dark lines and the reticle. The image of pattern 32 is clearly observed.

In the reticle 30A ₂ , one pattern line is composed of a plurality of V-grooves 134 according to the line width. For this reason, the depth of the recess can be significantly suppressed as compared with the case where the recess is composed of a single V-groove, whereby the thickness of the reticle can be reduced, and the impact and external force at the time of launch can be reduced. It is possible to provide a reticle with improved drag against. Further, if the pattern lines 32a and 32b are composed of the number of V-grooves 134 proportional to the line width (assuming that the formation density of the V-grooves per unit line width is the same), the reticle has a uniform contrast regardless of the line width. You can get a pattern.

In the reticle 30A ₃ of the third configuration form included in the present embodiment, the pattern lines 32a and 32b are composed of uneven portions 35a and 35b (concave and convex portions 35b are not shown) provided on the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member. Ru. FIG. 7 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the pattern line 32a corresponding to FIGS. 3A and 6A. The uneven portion 35a has a composite structure in which the ridges 133 protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a toward the observation target side and the V grooves 134 opening in the pattern forming surface 31a are alternately connected. That is, the uneven portion 35a (and 35b) is configured by providing ridges 133 and V grooves 134 having a width narrower than the line width of the pattern alternately in the line width direction. In such a reticle 30A ₃ , one pattern line is composed of a connecting structure of a plurality of ridges 133 and V-grooves 134 according to the line width.

Therefore, the height of the convex portion protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a is higher than that in the case where the uneven portion is composed of a single convex or V-groove or a set of the convex and V-groove. The depth of the V-groove portion recessed from the pattern forming surface 31a can be significantly suppressed. As a result, the thickness of the reticle can be reduced. In addition, it is possible to provide a reticle that suppresses damage to the ridges, facilitates handling during storage, assembly, and the like, and has high drag against impact and external force at the time of launch. Further, if the pattern lines 32a and 32b are composed of the number of ridges 133 and the V-groove 134 in proportion to the line width, a reticle pattern having a uniform contrast can be obtained regardless of the line width.

The inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 of the protrusion 133 with respect to the optical axis Z of the riflescope RS and the inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 of the V groove 134 with respect to the optical axis Z are set in the same manner as the above-described configuration, and the reticle 30A ₃ The polarized light emitted from the eyepiece is set so as not to pass through the eyepiece 4 and enter the observer's eye. The number of ridges 133 and V-grooves 134 constituting the uneven portions 35a and 35b can be set according to the line width of the pattern line, and the ridges 133 of the uneven portion 35a forming the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width can be set. The number of the V-grooves 134 is small, and the number of the ridges 133 and the V-grooves 134 of the uneven portion 35b forming the pattern line 32b having a wide line width is set to be large.

In the reticle 30A ₃ configured in this way, the light incident on the pattern forming surface 31a from the observation target side (left side in FIG. 7) is refracted by the inclined surface 140 of the ridge 133 and the inclined surface 140 of the V groove 134, and eventually. Is also deflected in a direction away from the optical axis Z of the rifle scope and emitted from the reticle 30A ₃ . Since the emission angle of the deflected light emitted from the reticle 30A ₃ is larger than the emission angle that can be transmitted through the eyepiece 4, the eyepiece 4 does not enter the observer's eye and holds the reticle 30A ₃ and the eyepiece 4. It is absorbed by the inner peripheral surface of the lens barrel. Therefore, the observer cannot see the light from the portion where the uneven portions 35a and 35b are provided, and the image of the reticle pattern 32 in which the pattern lines 32a and 32b are visually recognized as dark lines is clearly observed.

In the reticle 30A (30A ₁ , 30A ₂ , 30A ₃ ) described above, the reticle pattern 32 is composed of convex portions and / or concave portions provided on the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member. The convex portions 33a and 33b are composed of a plurality of protrusions 133 extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the lines constituting the reticle pattern 32, and the concave portions 34a and 34b are formed in the width direction of the lines constituting the reticle pattern 32. It is composed of a plurality of V-grooves 134 extending in parallel in the length direction. The uneven portions 35a and 35b are composed of a composite of a plurality of ridges 133 and V-grooves 134 extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the lines constituting the reticle pattern 32.

Therefore, in the reticle 30A ₁ in which the convex portion is composed of a plurality of convex portions, the height of the convex portion protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a can be significantly suppressed. As a result, the thickness of the reticle can be reduced, and damage to the convex portion can be suppressed to provide a reticle that is easy to handle. In the reticle 30A ₂ in which the recess is composed of a plurality of V-grooves, the depth of the recess can be significantly suppressed, whereby the thickness of the reticle can be reduced and the drag against impact and external force at the time of launch is improved. It is possible to provide a reticle that has been made. In the reticle 30A ₃ in which the uneven portion has a composite structure of ridges and V-grooves, the height of the ridges protruding from the pattern forming surface 31a can be significantly suppressed, and the depth of the V-grooves recessed from the pattern forming surface 31a can be significantly suppressed. Can be significantly suppressed. As a result, the thickness of the reticle can be reduced, damage to the ridges can be suppressed, handling during storage and assembly can be facilitated, and a reticle having high resistance to impact and external force at the time of launch can be provided.

Further, in the reticle 30A according to the present embodiment, a pattern line having a desired line width can be easily formed by appropriately changing the number of ridges, V-grooves, etc. constituting the pattern line. Therefore, although the basic configuration of the reticle pattern is the same, a plurality of types of reticles having different line widths and combinations of the pattern lines constituting the reticle pattern can be easily configured without changing the plate thickness of the optical member 31. be able to. Further, as compared with the case where the convex portion or the concave portion is composed of a single convex or V-groove, it is possible to suppress unevenness in brightness of the pattern and obtain a reticle pattern having a uniform contrast. Although the configuration in which the inclined surface 140 is a flat surface is exemplified, the inclined surface may be a curved surface, a paraboloid, or the like.

Next, in the reticle 30A as described above, the inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 set so that the deflected light deflected by the inclined surface 140 does not enter the observer's eyes will be described by taking the reticle 30A ₁ as an example.

As shown in FIG. 8, the apex angle of the ridge 133 in the reticle 30A ₁ is α, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 with respect to the optical axis Z is α / 2. At this time, the light incident on the inclined surface 140 is refracted in the direction closer to the optical axis as the inclination angle α / 2 is larger, and away from the optical axis Z as the inclination angle α / 2 is smaller. Therefore, in order to prevent the light incident on the inclined surface 140 and refracted from entering the eyepiece 4, basically, the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 is preferably set to a predetermined angle or less. This predetermined angle (referred to as "first predetermined angle" for convenience) α _1/2 is mainly the focusing angle θ of the objective lens 1 and the refractive index n of the base material (optical member 31) of the reticle 30A ₁ and the eyepiece. It can be obtained based on the aperture (light beam capture angle) V of the lens 4.

In the case of a riflescope, the focusing angle θ of the objective lens 1 is about 10 ° to 30 °, the refractive index n of the base material of the reticle suitable for injection molding is about 1.46 to 1.53, and the light beam capture of the eyepiece lens 4. The angle V is about 18 ° to 26 °. Therefore, the first predetermined angle α _1/2 is substantially determined according to the light flux capture angle V of the eyepiece lens 4. When an optical system having a luminous flux capture angle V of 18 ° is used for the eyepiece lens 4, the first predetermined angle α _1/2 is 54 ° to 58 °, and when an optical system having a luminous flux capture angle V of 26 ° is used, the first predetermined angle α 1/2. 1 The predetermined angle α _1/2 is 42 ° to 47 °. This angle is the same when the ridge 133 is a V-groove 134.

Further, in a material suitable for glass molding or casting as a material for the reticle base material, the refractive index n of the reticle base material is about 1.43 to 1.8. When such a base material is used, the first predetermined angle α _1/2 has an optical system having a luminous flux capture angle V of 18 ° of the eyepiece lens 4 of 52 ° to 70 ° and a luminous flux capture angle V of 26 °. It is 39 ° to 62 ° in the optical system. This angle is the same when the ridge 133 is a V-groove 134.

On the other hand, when the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 becomes small, the inclined angle of the light incident on the inclined surface 140 with respect to the optical axis Z becomes large, and one inclined surface (inclined surface having an inclined angle of α / 2) becomes large. ) 140, the light refracted is incident on the other inclined surface (inclined surface having an inclination angle of −α/2) 140. Since such light is incident on the other inclined surface at a large angle, it is totally reflected by the other inclined surface and becomes so-called stray light, which can be incident on the eyepiece 4. Therefore, in order to suppress the generation of such stray light, it is preferable that the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 is a predetermined angle or more. This predetermined angle (referred to as "second predetermined angle" for convenience) α _2/2 mainly captures the focusing angle θ of the objective lens 1, the refraction coefficient n of the base material of the reticle 30A ₁ , and the light beam of the eyepiece lens 4. It can be obtained based on the angle V.

In a substrate suitable for injection molding, when an optical system having a focusing angle θ = 10 ° is used as the objective lens 1, the light beam capture angle V of the eyepiece lens 4 is 18 ° and the second predetermined angle α _2/2 . Is 21 ° to 22 °, and when the light beam capture angle V is 26 °, the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 23 ° to 24 °. Further, when an optical system having a focusing angle θ of 30 ° is used as the objective lens 1, the light beam capture angle V of the eyepiece lens 4 is 18 °, the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 23 ° to 24 °, and the light beam. When the capture angle V is 26 °, the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 25 ° to 26 °. This angle is the same when the ridge 133 is a V-groove 134.

Further, in a substrate suitable for glass molding or casting, when an optical system having a focusing angle θ = 10 ° is used as the objective lens 1, the light beam capture angle V of the eyepiece lens 4 is 18 °. When the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 21 ° to 24 ° and the light beam capture angle V is 26 °, the _second predetermined angle is α 2/223 ° to 25 °. Further, when an optical system having a focusing angle θ of 30 ° is used as the objective lens 1, the light beam capture angle V of the eyepiece lens 4 is 18 °, the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 23 ° to 25 °, and the light beam. When the capture angle V is 26 °, the second predetermined angle α _2/2 is 25 ° to 27 °. This angle is the same when the ridge 133 is a V-groove 134.

From the above, the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 of the ridge 133 (V groove 134) is preferably the first predetermined angle α _1/2 or less, and further is the second predetermined angle α _2/2 or more. It is preferable to set within the angle range (α _2/2 ≦ α / 2 ≦ α _1/2 ). Specifically, by setting the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 to 21 ° ≤ α / 2 ≤ 70 °, a reticle of a relatively high refractive index base material suitable for glass molding and casting can be obtained. The pattern lines 32a and 32b can be clearly visually recognized with the used riflescope. Further, by setting the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 to 21 ° ≤ α / 2 ≤ 58 °, the pattern lines 32a and 32b can be clearly defined by the rifle scope using the reticle of the base material suitable for injection molding. It becomes possible to visually recognize.

Further, if the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 is set to 26 ° ≤ α / 2 ≤ 42 °, the reticle of the base material suitable for injection molding and most of the bases suitable for glass molding and casting. The pattern lines 32a and 32b with high contrast can be clearly visually recognized by the rifle scope using the reticle of the material. Further, if the inclination angle α / 2 of the inclined surface 140 is set to 27 ° ≤ α / 2 ≤ 39 °, molding using a mold is included, including glass molding, injection molding using a resin material, and casting molding. The pattern lines 32a and 32b having high contrast can be clearly visually recognized for almost all of the rifle scopes using the reticle formed by processing.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the reticle 30B of the second embodiment will be described. In the reticle 30B of the second embodiment, the pattern lines 32a and 32b are not dark, and a part of the light from the observation target side is transmitted so that the observer can visually recognize the observation target. The reticle 30B of the second embodiment has only a part of the cross-sectional shape of the ridges 133 in the convex portions 33a and 33b, the V grooves 134 in the concave portions 34a and 34b, and the ridges 133 and the V grooves 134 in the concave and convex portions 35a and 35b. Other than that, it is the same as the reticle 30A of the first embodiment described above. Therefore, the differences will be mainly described below.

FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the reticle 30B ₁ cut along a plane perpendicular to the pattern line 32a, and the reticle 30B ₁ of the first configuration form will be described with reference to this figure. The reticle 30B ₁ is configured by providing a transmission surface 145 that transmits light incident from the observation target side so that the observer can visually recognize it between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the protrusion 133. The transmission surface 145 has a mode in which the top of the ridge 133 is scraped off flatly, and the transmission surface 145 is formed substantially parallel to the pattern forming surface 31a by connecting the left and right inclined surfaces 140 and 140.

In the reticle 30B ₁ having such a configuration, among the light incident on the reticle 30B ₁ from the observation target side, the light incident on the inclined surface 140 is refracted by the inclined surface 140 and deflected in a direction away from the optical axis Z to be optical. It emits from the facing surface 31b of the member. Since the light deflected in this way is led out of the optical path, it is invisible to the observer's eyes and is incident as a dark line image. On the other hand, among the light incident on the reticle 30B ₁ from the observation target side, the light incident on the transmission surface 145 is emitted from the facing surface 31b along the optical axis Z with almost no refraction by the transmission surface 145. The light emitted from the facing surface 31b passes through the eyepiece 4 and a partial image of the observation target is incident on the observer's eyes.

The same applies to the other adjacent ridges 133, and the light incident on the inclined surfaces 140, 140, 140 ... From the observation target side is deflected to the outside of the optical path. Therefore, a plurality of dark line images are incident on the observer's eyes, and the observer recognizes these plurality of line images as an image of the pattern lines 32a and 32b. Further, the light incident on the transmission surfaces 145, 145, 145 ... From the observation target side is transmitted along the optical axis Z. Therefore, a plurality of partial images of the observation target are incident on the observer's eyes, and these partial images are collectively recognized as an observation target image by the observer.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining how these images are perceived by the observer in a situation where the pattern line 32b and the observation target T overlap each other, and FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the first embodiment. In the case of the reticle 30A, (b) is the case of the reticle 30B of the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10A, in the reticle 30A of the first embodiment, the pattern line 32b becomes a dark line, and the observer cannot see the image of the observation target T in the portion overlapping the pattern line 32b. .. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10B, in the reticle 30B of the second embodiment, the portion of the pattern line 32b is in a state where a plurality of dark line images and a partially transmitted image of the observation target T are combined. Become. Therefore, both the image of the pattern line 32b and the image of the observation target T are visually recognized by the observer, and the observation target T is recognized so as to be visible through the dim pattern line 32b. It can be said that this is a similar situation when the observation target is viewed through a slit plate formed by alternately and closely forming a shielding portion that does not transmit light and a slit portion that transmits light on a transparent glass plate.

FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration in which the transmission surface 145 is provided between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 (the top of the ridge) constituting the ridge 133, but the two adjacent ridges 133 and 133 face each other. The transmission surface 145 may be provided between the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 (the bottom portion between the adjacent ridges), or may be provided on both the top of the ridges and the bottom between the ridges.

FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of the reticle 30B ₂ of the second configuration form cut along a plane perpendicular to the pattern line 32a. The reticle 30B ₂ has a transmission surface 145 that transmits light incident from the observation target side between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 (bottom of the V groove) constituting the V groove 134 so that the observer can visually recognize the light. It is provided and configured. The transmission surface 145 is such that the bottom of the V-groove 134 is flatly filled, and the transmission surface 145 is formed substantially parallel to the pattern forming surface 31a by connecting the left and right inclined surfaces 140 and 140.

Even in the reticle 30B ₂ having such a configuration, the behavior of the light incident from the observation target side is the same as that of the reticle 30B ₁ in the first configuration form. That is, among the light incident on the reticle 30B ₂ from the observation target side, the light incident on the inclined surface 140 is refracted by the inclined surface 140, deflected in a direction away from the optical axis Z, and emitted out of the optical path. It is incident on the eyes as a dark line image. Further, among the light incident on the reticle 30B ₂ from the observation target side, the light incident on the transmission surface 145 travels along the optical axis Z with almost no refraction on the transmission surface 145, and the portion to be observed by the observer's eyes. Image is incident.

The same applies to the other adjacent V-grooves 134, and the light incident on the inclined surfaces 140, 140, 140 ... From the observation target side is deflected out of the optical path, and a plurality of dark line images are incident on the observer's eyes. .. The observer recognizes these plurality of line images as an image of the pattern lines 32a and 32b as a unit. The light incident on the transmission surfaces 145, 145, 145 ... from the observation target side is transmitted along the optical axis, and a plurality of partial images of the observation target are incident on the observer's eyes. The observer recognizes these partial images as an image to be observed.

Therefore, for example, the portion of the pattern line 32b is in a state in which a plurality of dark line images and a partially transmitted image of the observation target T are combined, and as shown in FIG. 10B, it is dim to the observer. The observation target T is recognized so as to be visible through the pattern line 32b.

Although FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration in which the transmission surface 145 is provided between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 (the bottom of the V groove) constituting the V groove 134, the adjacent V grooves 134 and 134 are back-to-back. The transmission surface 145 may be provided between the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 (the top between adjacent V-grooves), or may be provided at both the bottom of the V-groove and the top between the V-grooves.

The reticle 30B ₃ of the third configuration form is composed of a plurality of protrusions 133 and V-grooves 134, but is configured by providing a flat transmission surface 145 at the top of the protrusions 133 and / or the bottom of the V-groove 134 in the uneven portion 35. Will be done. FIG. 12 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a concave-convex portion 35a having a structure in which a transmission surface 145 is formed on both the top of the ridge 133 and the bottom of the V-groove 134. This is a structure in which the reticle 30B ₁ of the first configuration and the reticle 30B ₂ of the second configuration are integrated as described above, and the behavior of the light incident from the observation target side is the first and the first described above. It is the same as the reticle 30B ₁ and 30B ₂ having two configurations.

That is, of the light incident on the reticle 30B ₃ from the observation target side, the light incident on the inclined surface 140 is deflected in the direction away from the optical axis Z and emitted out of the optical path, and is a dark line image to the observer's eyes. Incident as. The observer recognizes these plurality of line images as an image of the pattern lines 32a and 32b as a unit. Of the light incident on the reticle 30B ₃ from the observation target side, the light incident on the transmission surface 145 travels along the optical axis Z, and a partial image of the observation target is incident on the observer's eyes. The observer recognizes these partial images as an image to be observed. Therefore, the portion of the pattern line 32b is in a state in which a plurality of dark line images and a partially transmitted image of the observation target T are combined, and as shown in FIG. 10 (b), the pattern is dim to the observer. The observation target T is recognized so as to be visible through the line 32b.

In addition, in FIG. 12, between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the ridge 133 (the top of the ridge) and between the pair of inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the V groove 134 (the bottom of the V groove). ), But the transmission surface 145 may be provided only on one of them (for example, the top of the ridge).

In the reticle 30B (30B ₁ , 30B ₂ , 30B ₃ ) of the second embodiment described above, the transmission surface in the convex portion 33 (33a, 33b), the concave portion 34 (34a, 34b), and the uneven portion 35 (35a, 35b). The composition ratio ζ of 145 can be 1% to 99%. As shown in FIGS. 9, 11, and 12, the widths of the inclined surface 140 seen in the optical axis direction are s ₁ and s ₂ , and the widths of the transmission surface 145 are t ₁ and t ₂ . At this time, the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 in the convex portion 33 is ζ = t ₁ / (2s ₁ + t ₁ ), and the composition ratio of the transmission surface 145 in the concave portion 34 is ζ = t ₂ / (2s ₂ + t ₂ ). The composition ratio of the transmission surface 145 in the portion 35 is obtained by ζ = (t ₁ + t ₂ ) / (2s ₁ + t ₁ + 2s ₂ + t ₂ ).

13 (a), 13 (b), and 13 (c) show explanatory diagrams schematically showing the appearance of the observation target T and the pattern line 32b when the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 is changed. The composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 in each figure is ζ ₁ <ζ ₂ <ζ ₃ in the order of (a), (b), and (c). As shown in the figure, the smaller the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 is, the more clearly the pattern line 32b is visually recognized, and the larger the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 is, the more clearly the observation target T is visually recognized. When the transmitting surface 145 is a plane parallel to the pattern forming surface 31a, the composition ratio of the transmitting surface 145 is substantially synonymous with the transmittance of light along the optical axis.

Here, the contrast discrimination ability of the human eye is about 1 to 2% (Weber-Fechner's law). That is, the human eye can distinguish between two objects having a brightness difference of about 1%. Therefore, it is possible to identify a pattern line that is about 1% dark in a bright background, and it is possible to recognize an observation target that is about 1% bright in a dark pattern line. Therefore, by setting the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 in the convex portion 33, the concave portion 34, and the uneven portion 35 to 1% to 99%, both the observation target T and the pattern lines 32a and 32b can be visually recognized. The composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 is preferably 10% to 40%. This is because when ζ <10%, it becomes difficult to visually recognize the fine movement of the observation target T, and when ζ> 40, the pattern lines 32a and 32b become thin and it becomes difficult to aim at the target. Further, it is more preferable that the composition ratio ζ is 25% to 30%. If the composition ratio ζ is set within this range, the observation target T and the pattern lines 32a and 32b can be visually recognized even in a bright situation such as sunny daylight or in a dim situation such as evening or moonlight, and the target can be easily targeted. Because you can aim at.

Further, the human eye is said to have a resolution of about 0.1 mm. For example, when a structure formed by arranging two bright lines side by side in darkness is viewed with the naked eye, humans recognize that the distance between the bright lines is larger than 0.1 mm as two lines, and the distance is large. Humans recognize it as a single line if it is smaller than 0.1 mm. Similarly, when a structure formed by arranging two dark lines side by side in a bright background is viewed with the naked eye, if the distance between the dark lines is larger than 0.1 mm, humans recognize it as two lines and the dark lines. If the distance between the lines is smaller than 0.1 mm, humans recognize it as a single line. Therefore, in the reticle 30B in which bright lines and dark lines are repeated, the distance between the adjacent transmission surfaces 145 and the distance between the adjacent inclined surfaces 140 when the observer visually observes the reticle pattern 32 is 0.1 mm or less, respectively. It is preferable to set it.

In the riflescope RS, the image of the reticle 30B is magnified by the eyepiece 4 and incident on the observer's eyes. Assuming that the magnification of the eyepiece 4 is 5 times, it is preferable to set the distance between the transmission surfaces 145 and the distance between the inclined surfaces 140 to 0.1 / 5 = 0.02 mm = 20 μm or less. Further, when the reticle 30B is arranged on the first focal plane to form a zoom optical system having a maximum magnification of 32 times, the spacing between the transmission surfaces 145 and the spacing between the inclined surfaces 140 is 0.1 / (32/5) =. It is preferable to set it to 0.0156 mm = 15.6 μm or less. As described above, the spacing between the transmission surfaces 145 and the spacing between the inclined surfaces 140, and more simply, the formation pitch of the ridges 133 and the V-groove 134 can be set according to the configuration of the optical system using the reticle 30.

The composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 described above can be set to a different ratio depending on the position in the width direction of the pattern line or the position in the length direction of the pattern line. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, for the pattern line 32b, the ridges 133 located outside in the line width direction have a low constituent ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 (low transmittance of light from the observation target) and inside. The ridge 133 to be located sets the constituent ratio ζ of the transmitting surface 145 to be high (the transmittance of light from the observation target is high). Specifically, the ridges 133 of one to several rows located on the outer edge in the line width direction have a composition ratio that can keep the line black even if the external light intensity / magnification changes, and the ridges 133 located inside the ridges 133 are outside. Set the composition ratio so that the target can be visually recognized even if the light intensity and magnification change. According to such a configuration, since the outline of the pattern line 32b is clearly visible as a dark line, it is possible to easily aim at the target, and the observation target can be visually recognized even inside the pattern line 32b, so that the object can be captured in the field of view. Even if the target is small, you can aim without losing sight of the target.

Further, as shown in FIG. 15, for the pattern line 32b, the composition ratio ζ of the transmission surface 145 of the ridge 133 is set low on the outer peripheral side of the reticle pattern 32 and high on the outer peripheral side. According to such a configuration, since the pattern line 32b is clearly visible on the outer peripheral side, the target can be easily aimed at, and the target can be visually recognized even inside the pattern line 32b near the center, so that the target can be seen in the field of view. Even if the captured target is small, you can aim without losing sight of the target. Although the configuration applied to the pattern line 32b having a wide line width has been illustrated above, it can also be applied to the pattern line 32a having a narrow line width.

Although the configuration in which the transmission surface 145 is a plane substantially parallel to the pattern forming surface 31a has been described, the transmission surface 145 may be a curved surface, a parabolic surface, or the like as long as the radius of curvature is a predetermined surface or more. A specific configuration example is shown in FIG. In FIG. 16, (a) is a configuration example in which a convex transmission surface 145 having a radius of curvature r is formed on the top of the protrusion 133, and (b) is a configuration example in which a concave transmission surface 145 having a radius of curvature −r is formed on the top of the protrusion 133. The formed configuration example, (c) is a configuration example in which a concave transmission surface 145 having a radius of curvature −r is formed at the bottom of the V groove 134.

When the transmitting surface 145 is a curved surface, the light incident on the transmitting surface 145 is diverged at a spreading angle according to the curvature of the transmitting surface, but a part of the incident light is incident on the observer's eyes through the eyepiece 4. The smaller the radius of curvature of the transmission surface 145, the smaller the amount of light incident on the observer's eyes, and the partial image to be observed becomes distorted. However, if the radius of curvature of the transmission surface 145 is at least a predetermined value, the partial image to be observed can be visually recognized by the observer without being significantly distorted. The predetermined value differs depending on the configuration of the rifle scope, the brightness of the observation target, and the like, but the image of the observation target can be visually recognized if the value is approximately 2 μm or more.

Next, as a third embodiment, the reticle unit 3 having the pointer at the center of the reticle pattern 32 will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19. These drawings are explanatory views for explaining the configuration of the reticle unit 3, FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing an optical path of illumination light, and FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a reflection portion formed on the pattern forming surface 31a of the reticle. FIG. 19 is a front view of the reticle unit showing the projection state of the illumination light with respect to the reticle pattern 32.

The reticle unit 3 includes a reticle 30C, a light source 38 that emits illumination light, and a condensing unit (for example, a condenser lens) 39 that condenses the light emitted from the light source 38. The reticle 30C is based on either the reticle 30A ₁ to 30A ₃ described as the first embodiment or the reticle 30B ₁ to 30B ₃ described as the second embodiment, and is further formed on the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member. A reflecting portion 37 having a reflecting surface is provided and configured.

The reflecting portion 37 is formed as a recess 37a that opens in a substantially central portion of the pattern forming surface 31a of the optical member 31, and a part of the surface constituting the recess 37a constitutes the reflecting surface 37c. The reflecting portion 37 is generally shaped like a cylinder cut diagonally, and the shape when the reflecting surface 37c is projected onto the pattern forming surface 31a is circular. The reflective portion 37 is located at the intersection of the pattern line extending in the x-axis direction and the pattern line extending in the y-axis direction in the cross-shaped reticle pattern 32, that is, at the center of the disk-shaped reticle 30C, and forms the pattern of the optical member 31. It is formed on the surface 31a side (observation target side).

The illumination light emitted from the light source 38 is collected by the condensing unit 39, and the image is formed on the reflecting surface 37c of the reflecting unit 37. The image of the light source 38 is reflected by the reflecting surface 37c in the optical axis direction (z-axis direction) of the riflescope RS, and is emitted from the facing surface 31b of the academic member. As described above, the eyepiece 4 is superposed on the secondary image IM2 so that the image of the reticle pattern 32 can be visually recognized. The reflecting surface 37c is provided within the depth of focus of the eyepiece 4, and the image of the light source 38 reflected by the reflecting surface 37c can also be observed. Therefore, the observer can visually recognize the image of the light source 38 as a dot image on the center of the reticle pattern 32, that is, on the optical axis of the riflescope RS.

Here, the condensing unit 39 is configured to guide the illumination light emitted from the light source 38 to the reflecting unit 37 (reflecting surface 37c) from an angle position sandwiched between at least two pattern lines where extension lines intersect. Will be done. When the reticle pattern is a cross line, as shown in FIG. 19, the condensing unit 39 receives light emitted from the light source 38 with respect to a pattern line extending in the x-axis direction and a pattern line extending in the y-axis direction. It is configured to be incident on the optical member 31 from an angle position inclined by approximately 45 ° and incident on the reflection surface 37c. In other words, the optical axis of the illumination light from the condensing unit 39 to the reflecting unit 37 is set to be approximately 45 ° with respect to the x-axis and the y-axis. Therefore, there is almost no possibility that the illumination light is incident on the convex portions or concave portions constituting the pattern line to cause an interaction, so that a bright dot image (bright spot) can be displayed and the reticle pattern image has high contrast. You can get a reticle unit to display.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the condensing unit 39 reflects the illumination light radiated from the light source 38 by incident on the side surface of the optical member 31 located between the pattern forming surface 31a and the facing surface 31b. It is configured to lead to the part 37. In the illustrated configuration example, the optical axis of the illumination light intersects the optical axis Z of the riflescope RS on the reflection surface 37c, but the intersection angle between the optical axis of the illumination light and the optical axis Z of the riflescope is not perpendicular. The reticle unit is configured at an angle such that an extension line extending the optical axis of the illumination light intersects the pattern forming surface 31a. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the illumination light from entering the convex portion or the concave portion, thereby improving the brightness of the dot image and further enhancing the contrast of the reticle pattern image. Can be obtained.

The reticle 30A of the first embodiment, the reticle 30B of the second embodiment, and the reticle 30C of the third embodiment can be formed by molding using a mold. Examples of molding processing using a mold include glass molding processing, injection molding using a resin material, and casting molding. Examples of the resin material include methacrylic resin (PMMA), which is also called acrylic resin, polycarbonate (PC), and cyclic olefin polymer (COP). High-precision reticle can be easily manufactured by molding using a mold, and further, molding using a resin material makes it possible to manufacture a reticle with high productivity and low cost.

Further, in the reticle 30C, in addition to the reticle pattern 32, the reflecting portion 37 that reflects the illumination light is integrally formed by molding. Therefore, in the past, the focal plate had a composite structure of a glass reticle portion on which a reticle pattern was formed and a resin optical member on which a reflective portion was formed, and both had to be manufactured and assembled. The reticle 30C having this configuration can be integrally formed by a single molding process. As a result, it is possible to provide a reticle having a pointer function, which has been relatively expensive in the past, at a low price.

Although the configuration in which the convex portion 33, the concave portion 34, and the like are provided only on the pattern forming surface 31a side is exemplified, the convex portion and / or the concave portion may be formed on the pattern forming surface 31a side and the facing surface 31b side. Further, the inclination angle of the inclined surface 140 such as the ridge 133 and the V groove 134 exemplifies the configuration in which the inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 constituting the ridge 133 are the same, but the optical axis Z of the riflescope is illustrated. The inclination angles of the two inclined surfaces 140 and 140 may be different depending on the formation position of the pattern line with respect to the above. Further, one of the surfaces constituting the ridge 133, the V groove 134 and the like may be an inclined surface, and the other may be a surface parallel to the optical axis Z.

Further, although the embodiment in which the light incident on the ridges 133 and the V-groove 134 is refracted and deflected is illustrated, the light incident on the ridges 133 and the V-groove 134 may be configured to be reflected and deflected. It may be configured to deflect by combining reflection and refraction. Further, as an example of the convex portion, the convex strip 133 in which the ridge line extends in the length direction of the pattern line is shown, but in the convex portion 33, a large number of quadrangular pyramid-shaped protrusions extend in the direction (and width direction) of the pattern line. ) May be arranged. The same applies to the recess 34.

Further, in the embodiment, the riflescope RS has been described as an optical device provided with the reticle 30, but the riflescope is an example of an optical device using the reticle according to the embodiment, and is an example of an optical device such as a field scope or binoculars. It can be applied to various optical instruments such as measuring instruments such as telescopes and transits, medical scopes such as eyeball inspection devices and fiber scopes, and various microscopes.

RS rifle scope (optical equipment)
Optical axis of Z riflescope 1 Objective lens 3 Reticle unit 4 Eyepiece 30 Reticle 30A Reticle of the first embodiment (30A ₁ , 30A ₂ , 30A ₃ )
30B Second embodiment reticle (30B ₁ , 30B ₂ , 30B ₃ )
30C Reticle 31 of the reticle unit of the third embodiment Optical member 31a One surface of the optical member (pattern forming surface)
31b The other surface (opposing surface) of the optical member
32 Reticle pattern (pattern)
32a Pattern line with narrow line width (line that composes the pattern)
32b Pattern line with wide line width (line that composes the pattern)
33a, 33b Convex part 34a, 34b Concave part 35a, 35b Concavo-convex part 37 Reflective part 37c Reflective surface 38 Light source 39 Condensing part 133 Convex 134 V groove (groove)
140 Inclined surface 145 Permeable surface

Claims (24)

In a reticle in which a pattern is formed that serves as an index when the observer visually recognizes the observation target.
The pattern comprises protrusions provided on at least one surface of the plate-like optical member.
The convex portion is composed of a plurality of convex stripes extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern.
When the observation target is viewed through the reticle, the light incident on the reticle from the observation target side is deflected by the convex portion so that the image of the pattern can be visually recognized by the observer. A reticle characterized by that. The convex portion has an angle larger than an angle at which at least a part of the light incident on the convex portion through the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle can emit the optical system provided on the rear side of the reticle. The reticle according to claim 1, wherein the reticle is configured to be deflected by the convex portion . The pattern has lines of different widths
The reticle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lines having different widths are formed by the plurality of protrusions according to the line width. The reticle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ridge has an inclined surface inclined with respect to an optical axis of an optical system provided on the front side of the reticle. The tilt angle of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis is such that at least a part of the light incident on the inclined surface and deflected through the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle is provided on the rear side of the reticle. The reticle according to claim 4, wherein the reticle is not more than or equal to a first predetermined angle that can be directly incident on the optical system. The angle of inclination of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis is such that at least a part of the light incident on the inclined surface via the optical system provided on the front side of the reticle and deflected is another inclination facing the inclined surface. The reticle according to claim 5, wherein the reticle is at least a second predetermined angle that can be incident on the surface. The reticle according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined surface with respect to the optical axis is 21 ° or more and 70 ° or less. The observer can visually recognize the light incident from the observation target side between the pair of inclined surfaces constituting the ridge and / or between the two inclined surfaces of the adjacent ridges. The reticle according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a transparent surface is provided. The reticle according to claim 8 , wherein the composition ratio of the transmission surface in the convex portion is 1% to 99%. The reticle according to claim 8 or 9 , wherein the transmission surface is a surface having a radius of curvature of 2 μm or more. Any of claims 8 to 10 , wherein the distance between the adjacent transmission surfaces and the distance between the adjacent inclined surfaces are set so that the distance when visually observed by the observer is 0.1 mm or less. The reticle described in item 1. The reticle according to any one of claims 8 to 11 , wherein the composition ratio of the transmission surface in the convex portion differs depending on the position in the width direction of the line constituting the pattern. The reticle according to claim 12 , wherein the composition ratio of the transmission surface is such that the composition ratio of the central portion in the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern is high and the composition ratio of the outside in the width direction is low. The reticle according to any one of claims 8 to 13 , wherein the composition ratio of the transmission surface in the convex portion differs depending on the position in the length direction of the line constituting the pattern. The reticle according to claim 14 , wherein the composition ratio of the transmission surface is high in the composition ratio of the portion located at the center of the pattern and low in the composition ratio of the portion located outside. The reticle according to any one of claims 1 to 15 , wherein the reticle is made of a material suitable for molding using a mold. The reticle according to claim 16 , wherein the reticle is made of a resin material. A reticle according to any one of claims 1 to 17 , further comprising a reticle in which a reflective portion having at least a part of a constituent surface as a reflective surface is formed on one surface of the optical member.
A light source that is arranged on the side of the reflective part and emits light,
It is provided with a condensing unit disposed between the light source and the reflecting unit to collect the light radiated from the light source and guide it to the reflecting surface.
The feature is that the light emitted from the light source, collected by the condensing unit, and reflected by the reflecting surface is emitted from the other surface of the optical member so as to be visually recognized together with the image of the pattern. The reticle unit to be. The pattern has at least two of the lines where the extension lines intersect.
The reflective portion is provided at the intersection of the two lines including the extension line.
The reticle unit according to claim 18 , wherein the light collecting unit guides the light radiated from the light source to the reflecting surface from an angular position sandwiched between the two lines. The pattern has at least two of the lines whose extension lines intersect at right angles to the center of the optical member.
The reflecting portion is provided in the central portion of the optical member, and the reflecting portion is provided at the center of the optical member.
The reticle unit according to claim 18 , wherein the condensing unit guides light emitted from the light source to the reflecting surface from an angle position of approximately 45 ° with respect to the two lines. With the objective lens
The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 17 , wherein a surface provided with the convex portion is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the image of the observation target formed by the objective lens or the image of the observation target. The reticle or the reticle unit according to any one of claims 18 to 20 and the reticle unit.
An optical instrument comprising an eyepiece for observing an image of an observation target and an image of the pattern formed by the convex portions in an overlapping manner. In a reticle in which a pattern is formed that serves as an index when the observer visually recognizes the observation target.
The pattern comprises recesses provided on at least one surface of the plate-like optical member.
The recess is composed of a plurality of grooves extending in the length direction in parallel with the width direction of the lines constituting the pattern.
The pattern has lines of different widths, and the lines of different widths are formed by the plurality of grooves according to the line width.
When the observation target is viewed through the reticle, the light incident on the reticle from the observation target side is deflected by the recess so that the image of the pattern can be visually recognized by the observer. A reticle featuring. 22. The reticle according to claim 22, wherein the groove has an inclined surface inclined with respect to an optical axis of an optical system provided on the front side of the reticle. Light incident from the observation target side is transmitted so as to be visible to the observer between the pair of inclined surfaces constituting the groove and / or between the two inclined surfaces of the adjacent grooves. 23. The reticle according to claim 23, wherein a transparent surface is provided.

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