JP6984084B2 - Tetrahedron-shaped globe - Google Patents

Description

It is related to the tetrahedral shape of the globe.

Compared to a two-dimensional world map, conventional globes are easier to accurately recognize the positional relationships and topography of each country.

Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-15521, the trapezoidal polygonal map display unit arranged in the center and each side of the trapezoidal map display unit are set as short sides on the outer periphery of the polygonal map display unit. Multiple trapezoidal trapezoidal map display units arranged in the radial direction, a folding part formed between the diagonal sides of adjacent trapezoidal trapezoidal map display units, and a folding line with a fold line in the center, and each trapezoidal map display A pair of pattern paper bodies consisting of a glue margin part provided on the outer circumference with the long side of the part as one side is folded at each side of the polygonal map display part, the trapezoidal map display part, and the folding line of the folding part, respectively, and a pair of halves. The earth body was formed, and the pair of hemi-earth bodies were connected to each other at the glue margin to form the main body of the earth trapezoid.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-15521

However, in the conventional polyhedral globe, it is difficult to see the terrain on the back side of the earth, which is the back surface of the polyhedron, from a stationary viewpoint from one direction unless the globe is rotated. In addition, there are many glue margins and insertion pieces, which takes time and effort for assembly work.
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a globe capable of understanding the large topography of the earth in a bird's-eye view or in a schematic manner. The large terrain is a terrain formed by internal forces such as land-building movements, mountain-building movements, volcanic activities, and seismic activities that act from the inside of the earth, assuming that seawater is removed from the surface of the earth. It is a rough figure of the terrain that appears. Specifically, continents, subcontinents, orogenic belts, trench zones, volcanic zones, seismic zones, islands, archipelago, mountains, mountains, large plateaus, large plains, shields, continental shelves, trenches, ridges, and ocean floors. including.

The present invention relates to information indicating orogenic belts, trench belts, volcanic belts, seismic zones, islands, archipelago, mountain ranges, and mountains associated with each apex and side of the tetrahedron, and to each face of the tetrahedron. It forms a tetrahedral globe with information indicating the ocean, continents, subcontinents, plateaus, plains, shields, continental shelves, trenches, ridges, ocean floors, countries or place names.

Further, it may be a tetrahedron-shaped globe having information indicating the mountains associated with each vertex and each side of the tetrahedron and information indicating the ocean on each surface of the tetrahedron.

In addition, the information indicating the ocean is the information including the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the North Ice Ocean, and the information indicating the continent is the information including Eurasia, North America, South America, Africa, Australia, and the South Pole, and indicates the subcontinent. The information includes India and Arabia, the information indicating the orogenic belt is the information including the Pacific Rim and the Alpide Himalayan orogen, and the information indicating the rift zone is the information including the African Earth rift zone. Information indicating mountains may include information including Orisaba, Aconcagua, Vinson Masif, Kogiosco, Jaya Peak, Fuji, Everest, Elbres, Montblanc, Kilimanjaro, and Denali.

At least one of a pedestal that allows the tetrahedron to be placed in an inverted pyramid shape with any apex of the tetrahedron facing down and an accessory with the name of the information shown on the tetrahedron-shaped globe. Is also good.

The tetrahedral-shaped globe in the present invention can provide a bird's-eye view of the continents, orogenic belts, rift zones, or the highest peaks of each continent from a stationary viewpoint from a certain point. be. Therefore, it becomes easy to understand the concept of the earth's large topography from a total perspective. In addition, the structure is simple and there are few glue margins and insertion pieces, which facilitates assembly work.

It is a top view of the tetrahedron-shaped earth globe body which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the globe body of the tetrahedron shape which concerns on this invention. It is a bird's-eye view of the tetrahedron-shaped globe body which concerns on this invention. It is a figure when the apex of the tetrahedron-shaped earth globe body which concerns on this invention is facing down and is arranged on a pedestal. It is a figure of the accessory which described the name of the information shown on each surface of the tetrahedron-shaped earth globe body which concerns on this invention. It is a figure when the pedestal and the accessory are combined with the tetrahedron-shaped main body which concerns on this invention. A world map of azimuthal equidistant projection centered on Elbres, showing the positions of the mountains associated with each vertex and side of the tetrahedral globe according to the present invention and the ocean associated with each surface. It is a figure. It is a figure which compared the bird's-eye view from the apex (3D) El of the tetrahedron shape which concerns on this invention with the world map of the azimuthal equidistant projection centering on Elbles.

Hereinafter, the tetrahedral-shaped globe according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8.

FIG. 1 is a developed view of a regular tetrahedron, which is a parallelogram as an overall shape. This parallelogram has sides 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and vertices (2D) 10, 12, 13, 15. Moreover, this parallelogram contains four triangles. The vertices of the first triangle are vertices (2D) 10, 11 and 15, the vertices of the second triangle are vertices (2D) 11, 14, 15 and the vertices of the third triangle are vertices (2D) 11. , 12, 14 and the vertices of the fourth triangle are the vertices (2D) 12, 13, 14.

The side 1 connects the apex 10 and the apex 11. The side 2 connects the apex 11 and the apex 12. The side 3 connects the apex 12 and the apex 13. The side 4 connects the apex 13 and the apex 14. The side 5 connects the apex 14 and the apex 15. The side 6 connects the apex 12 and the apex 14. The side 7 connects the apex 11 and the apex 14. The side 8 connects the apex 11 and the apex 15. The side 9 connects the apex 10 and the apex 15.

Next, a method of assembling a tetrahedral-shaped globe will be described using the development view described with reference to FIG. First, side 6, side 7, and side 8 in FIG. 1 are folded into mountains, respectively. When the side 1 and the side 2 in FIG. 1 are combined, the vertex 11 becomes the vertex (3D) El of the tetrahedron in FIG. 2, which will be described later. When the sides 4 and 5 in FIG. 1 are combined, the apex 14 becomes the apex (3D) V of the tetrahedron in FIG. 2, which will be described later. Further, when the vertices 10 and 12 in FIG. 1 are combined, the connection point becomes the vertex (3D) F of the tetrahedron in FIG. 2, which will be described later. When the vertices 13 and 15 in FIG. 1 are combined, the connection point becomes the vertex (3D) O of the tetrahedron in FIG. 2, which will be described later. In this way, abbreviations indicating mountain information near the four vertices of vertex (3D) El, vertex (3D) V, vertex (3D) F, and vertex (3D) O, and abbreviations indicating mountain information near each side. , A tetrahedral-shaped vertex with an abbreviation indicating ocean information is formed in the center of each surface. In this way, the tetrahedral-shaped globe of the present invention can be assembled. The neighborhood of the apex refers to the internal angle of the triangle, which is a surface constituting the tetrahedron. In addition, the neighborhood of the side refers to the edge of the surface constituting the tetrahedron.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a tetrahedral-shaped globe. The tetrahedron in FIG. 2 has a vertex (3D) El, a vertex (3D) V, a vertex (3D) F, and a vertex (3D) O.
The relationship between the vertices of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described. Abbreviations of El, V, F, and O are described in the vicinity of each vertex (3D) of this tetrahedral shape, and A, M, D, Ki, are described in the vicinity of each edge. The abbreviations for Ev, J, and Ko are listed. Further, in the vicinity of the center of each surface, the first triangular surface surrounded by the vertices 10, 11 and 15 in FIG. 1 is the Arc, and the second surface surrounded by the vertices 11, 14 and 15 in FIG. 1 is surrounded. Atl on the surface of the triangle, Ind on the surface of the third triangle surrounded by vertices 11, 12, 14 in FIG. 1, and the fourth triangle surrounded by vertices 12, 13, 14 in FIG. The abbreviation of Pac is written on the surface.

FIG. 3 is a bird's-eye view from directly above the tetrahedral-shaped globe with the tetrahedral apex El facing upward. Here, the tetrahedral-shaped globe is placed in a pyramid shape with the face of the fourth triangle surrounded by the vertices 12, 13, and 14 in FIG. 1 in which the abbreviation of Pac is described facing downward.

FIG. 8 is a diagram in which the tetrahedral-shaped globe of the present invention is placed on the right side and the world map of the azimuthal equidistant projection centered on Elbres is placed on the left side. In both cases, the abbreviation of El, which is information indicating Elbrus, is written in the center. In addition, the abbreviation of Arc, which is information indicating the Arctic Ocean (also known as the Arctic Ocean), is written above. Similarly, abbreviations, which are information indicating other oceans and mountains, are described correspondingly in the same positional relationship between the two. The tetrahedral globe of the present invention captures and exaggerates the characteristics of the actual topography.

When the tetrahedral vertices El are placed with the tetrahedral vertices El facing upward, all 4 vertices and 6 sides of the tetrahedral vertices can be seen from a stationary viewpoint from the apex El side. It is possible.

The surface with the abbreviation Arc described on the surface of the first triangle surrounded by vertices 10, 11 and 15 in FIG. 1, and the surface of the second triangle surrounded by vertices 11, 14 and 15 in FIG. The surface with the abbreviation Atl described in, the surface with the abbreviation Ind described in the surface of the third triangle surrounded by the vertices 11, 12, and 14 in FIG. From the side, you can get a bird's-eye view at once.

In addition, although the example in which the vertex El is placed facing upward is described in FIG. 3, even if the other vertices are placed facing upward, all four vertices and all six sides of the tetrahedral-shaped globe can be seen in the same way. It is possible to see it from the beginning.

Further, in FIG. 3, the abbreviations of information indicating 11 mountains including the highest peaks of the six continents on the earth correspond to the vicinity of the apex and the vicinity of the sides of the three planes in which the abbreviations of Arc, Atl, and Ind are described. Has been done. By doing this, by associating information indicating the large terrain such as the six continents on the earth that exists on the other side of the earth with the appropriate position of each side using the mountains of 11 peaks as clues, from the apex El side without moving the globe. From a stationary point of view, you can get a bird's-eye view of the large terrain such as the continents on the other side of the earth, or the mountains of the highest peaks of each continent.

FIG. 4 is a side view of an inverted pyramid-shaped pedestal with an arbitrary vertex of a tetrahedron-shaped globe facing down. As shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to place any apex facing down on the pedestal. The layout of the tetrahedron-shaped globe shown in FIG. 4 is a diagram in which the orientation of the North Pole is aligned upward and the orientation of the South Pole is aligned downward as in the conventional globe. The tetrahedron-shaped globe can be placed on the pedestal in an inverted pyramid shape with the vertex El, the vertex F, or the vertex O facing downward, in addition to the example in which the vertex V in FIG. 4 is placed downward. Is. It is also possible to place any one vertex on the pedestal in a pyramid shape with each vertex facing upward.

In addition, when the apex of the tetrahedron-shaped globe shown in FIG. 4 is placed on the pedestal in an inverted pyramid shape with the apex facing downward, the abbreviation of the information indicating the mountain associated with the lower apex can be visually recognized. The material of the pedestal of the part that supports the apex may be transparent.

Further, the pedestal of the tetrahedral-shaped globe shown in FIG. 4 may have a built-in power generator and automatically rotate.

FIG. 5 is an accessory in which the names of the information written on each side of the tetrahedral-shaped globe are described. By using such accessories, the official name of the mountain, the height, and the official name of the ocean can be obtained.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a tetrahedron-shaped globe body combined with a pedestal and accessories. As shown in FIG. 6, the tetrahedral globe body may be placed on the pedestal with the apex facing down. Further, the pedestal and accessories shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 are not limited thereto. For example, although FIG. 5 shows information about mountains, information about the ocean may be shown.

FIG. 7 shows the world of azimuthal equidistant projection centered on Elbres, which shows the positions of the mountains associated with each vertex and each side of the tetrahedral globe according to the present invention and the ocean associated with each surface. It is a figure of a map. There are seven mountains on the earth called Seven Summits. The Japanese translation of Seven Summits is the highest peak on the seven continents, but as shown in Fig. 7, Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa, Akonkagua, the highest mountain in South America, Vinson Massif, the highest peak in the South Pole, Kosciuszko, the highest peak in Australia, Eastern Europe and There are seven mountains: Elbres, the highest peak in Europe, Denali (formerly McKinley), the highest peak in North America, and Everest (also known as Chomoramma), the highest peak in Asia and the world.

Further, the Jaya peak (also known as Puncak Jaya) shown in FIG. 7 may be replaced with Kosciuszko at Seven Summits from the idea that it is a mountain higher than Kosciuszko in Australia and a mountain representing Oceania. In addition, since the Caucasian region where Elbrus is located is closer to Asia than Europe in terms of commerce, human exchange, culture, etc., instead of Elbrus, Mont Blanc, the highest mountain in the Alps, which is the highest mountain in Western Europe, is the European representative mountain. Montblanc may be replaced with Elbrus at the Seven Summits.

Orizaba shown in Fig. 7 is the highest mountain in Mexico, and Fuji is the highest mountain in the Japanese archipelago.

The four oceans shown in FIG. 7 are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean.

Next, we will explain how the mountains, which are the abbreviations El, V, F, and O, which are described near the vertices of the tetrahedral-shaped globe, are selected.
As an example of the embodiment of the present invention, first, an extension line to the east and west of the "Alps Himalayan orogenic belt", which is considered to be the two major orogenic belts of the earth, and the "Ring of Fire" (also known as the Ring of Fire). ) ”Can be selected as the highest mountain in the area that is associated with the apex of the tetrahedral globe. On the extension of the east, you can select Fuji (F) in Japan as the highest mountain in the area that meets the conditions. On the western extension, Mexico's Orizaba (O) can be selected as a mountain that meets the conditions.

In addition, Elbrus (El) in Europe can be selected as the highest peak that is the point of contact between the northern extension of the "African Great Rift Valley", which is the largest rift valley on the earth, and the "Alps Himalayan orogenic belt". Similarly, Vinson Massif (V) in Antarctica can be selected as the highest peak in the area that is the point of contact between the southern extension of the "African Great Rift Valley" and the "Ring of Fire". In this way, it can be selected as a mountain associated with the apex of the tetrahedral globe.

As mentioned above, the abbreviations F, O, El, and V are selected in order as information indicating the mountains of the four peaks of Fuji, Orisaba, Elbrus, and Vinson Massif. This makes it possible to realize a tetrahedral-shaped globe in which information indicating the mountains of these four peaks is associated with the apex name.

Next, an example in which either an orogenic belt or a rift zone is associated with each side of the tetrahedron will be described.
The above-mentioned tetrahedral-shaped globe corresponds to the vicinity of one side (hereinafter referred to as side Ki) connecting the apex El of the tetrahedron and the apex V of the tetrahedron, and the information indicating the "African Great Rift Valley" and its extension line. It is attached.
Further, the vicinity of one side connecting the vertex F of the tetrahedron and the vertex El of the tetrahedron (hereinafter referred to as side Ev), and one side connecting the vertex El of the tetrahedron and the vertex O of the tetrahedron (hereinafter referred to as side M). ) By connecting the vicinity of both sides of the vicinity, it is associated with the information indicating the "Alps Himalayan orogenic belt" and its extension.
Further, the vicinity of one side (hereinafter referred to as side D) connecting the apex F of the tetrahedron and the apex O of the tetrahedron, and one side connecting the apex O of the tetrahedron and the apex V of the tetrahedron (hereinafter referred to as side A). By connecting the neighborhood and the vicinity of the three sides near one side (hereinafter referred to as the side JKo) connecting the vertex V of the tetrahedron and the vertex F of the tetrahedron, the information indicating the "Pacific orogenic belt" is associated with the information. ing. In this way, a tetrahedral-shaped globe with six sides that is associated with the "African Great Rift Valley,""AlpideBelt," and "Ring of Fire," which are the global topography. It may be formed.

Next, an example in which mountain ranges are associated with each side of the tetrahedron will be described.
In the above-mentioned tetrahedral globe, once the vertices O and V are determined, the Andes can be selected from the actual terrain on the earth as the mountain range between Orisaba and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the vertices. ..
Once the apex El and the apex O are determined, the Alps, Pyrenees, and Appalachian Mountains can be selected as the mountains between the mountains Elbrus and Orisaba indicated by the apex.
Once the apex O and the apex F are determined, the Rocky Mountains and the Sredinny Range can be selected as the mountains between Orisaba and Fuji, which are the mountains indicated by the vertices.
Once the apex El and the apex V are determined, the Drakensberg Mountains can be selected as the mountain range between Elbrus and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the vertices.
Once the apex El and the apex F are determined, the Himalayas can be selected as the mountain range between Elbrus and Fuji, which are the mountains indicated by the apex.
Once the apex F and apex V are determined, the Sudirman Mountains, the Oita Water Ridge Mountains (also known as the Great Dividing Range), and the Transantarctic Mountains are selected as the mountains between Fuji and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the apex. can.

In this way, it is possible to realize a tetrahedral-shaped globe having six sides, side A, side M, side D, side Ki, side Ev, and side JKo, which are associated with the mountain range.

Next, an example in which mountains are associated with each side of the tetrahedron will be described.
In the above-mentioned tetrahedral globe, once the vertices O and V are determined, Aconcagua can be selected from the actual terrain on the earth as the mountain between Orisaba and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the vertices.
Once the apex El and the apex O are determined, Montblanc can be selected as the mountain between Elbrus and Orisaba, which are the mountains indicated by the apex.
Further, once the apex O and the apex F are determined, Denali can be selected as the mountain between Orisaba and Fuji, which are the mountains indicated by the apex.
Once the apex El and the apex V are determined, Kilimanjaro can be selected as the mountain between Elbrus and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the apex.
Once the apex El and the apex F are determined, Everest can be selected as the mountain between Elbrus and Mt. Fuji, which are the mountains indicated by the apex.
Once the vertices F and V are determined, Jaya peak and Kosciuszko can be selected as the mountains between Fuji and Vinson Massif, which are the mountains indicated by the vertices.

Up to this point, the explanation has focused on the vertex El, but it goes without saying that other vertices can be realized in the same way. In this way, a four-sided surface having six sides, side A, side M, side D, side Ki, side Ev, and side JKo, which are associated with a part of the mountains of Seven Summit, which is a mountain representing the earth. It is possible to realize a globe with a body shape.

Next, an example in which the ocean is associated with each surface of the tetrahedron will be described.
As an example of the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned tetrahedral-shaped globe selects the four oceans representing the earth from the actual topography on the earth in association with each surface of the tetrahedral-shaped globe. There is. The four oceans here are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. The abbreviations Pac, Atl, Ind, and Arc are applied in order as information indicating the four oceans of the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the North Ice Ocean. , And shown in FIG.

Further, it is preferable that the information indicating the ocean is displayed in the central portion of each surface of the tetrahedral-shaped globe.

The tetrahedral-shaped globe of the present invention may associate a continent or a subcontinent in the vicinity of the apex and each side of the tetrahedron.
As described above, the present invention selects four mountains as mountains associated with the vertices of a tetrahedral globe, and associates the vicinity of the six sides connecting the four vertices with a part of the mountain called Seven Summits. Have been selected. By using these 4 vertices as the reference point and the 6 sides as the reference line, the actual topography of the earth's surface divided into 4 by the line connecting the mountains associated with the 4 vertices and the 6 sides is referred to and deformed. It is possible to realize a tetrahedral-shaped globe characterized by selecting a continent and a subcontinent in association with each plane of the triangular shape.

Although each vertex and each side of the tetrahedron is associated with information indicating the large terrain, each surface of the tetrahedron may be associated with information indicating the ocean, country, or place name in addition to the large terrain.
By associating a continent with a subcontinent within each plane of the deformed triangular shape as described above, each continent and other major terrains, countries or place names existing on each subcontinent can be selected for each continent and each subcontinent. It is possible to realize a tetrahedral-shaped globe characterized by associating and selecting with reference to the actual positional relationship on each subcontinent.

The present invention is formed by three-dimensionally combining parts obtained by printing, engraving, branding, or sticking map information in advance on a plate made of paper, synthetic resin, wood, metal, glass, or the like. It is also possible.

In this embodiment, each side may be colored so as to make the four sides of the tetrahedron-shaped globe stand out. As an example of the embodiment of the present invention, four colors of blue, green, yellow, and red may be applied to each surface in order as information indicating the four surfaces on which the abbreviations Pac, Atl, Ind, and Arc are described.

Some conventional globes have a linear red coloring on the surface of the globe as information indicating the equator, which is a theoretical line indicating latitude 0 degrees, but in this embodiment, it has a tetrahedral shape. The neighborhood of each side may be colored to make the six edges of the globe stand out. As an example of the embodiment of the present invention, six colors of black, yellow, white, red, green, and blue are used in order as information indicating the six sides of side Ki, side Ev, side M, side D, side A, and side JKo. You may hit it near the side. Further, as an embodiment of the present invention, the six sides of side Ki, side Ev, side M, side D, side A, and side JKo may be referred to as black road, ecliptic, white road, equator, green road, and blue road in this order. good.

In this embodiment, it may be used as a toy or an interior as well as a learning material.

In this embodiment, any vertex other than the vertex V may be turned downward to form an inverted pyramid and placed on a pedestal for use. Further, it may be used by placing it on a pedestal in a pyramid shape with an arbitrary apex facing upward, or it may be used without using the pedestal.

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9-side
10,11,12,13,14,15-Vertex (2D)
Edge Ki, Edge Ev, Edge M, Edge D, Edge A, Edge JKo − Edge
F, V, O, El-Vertex (3D)

Claims (3)

A tetrahedron-shaped globe having information indicating mountains at each apex of the tetrahedron, information indicating an orogenic belt or rift zone on each side, and information indicating the ocean on each surface of the tetrahedron. The information indicating the ocean is information including the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean, and the North Ice Ocean, and the information indicating the orogenic belt is information including the Pacific Ring of Fire and the Alps Himalayan orogen, and indicates the Great Rift Valley. The tetrahedral-shaped globe according to claim 1, wherein the information includes information including the Great Rift Valley of Africa, and the information indicating the mountains includes information including Orisaba, Vinson Massif, Fuji, and Elbres. Either a pedestal on which the tetrahedron can be placed in an inverted pyramid shape with any apex of the tetrahedron facing down, or an accessory with the name of the information shown on the tetrahedron-shaped globe. The tetrahedral-shaped globe according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the globe is provided with at least one of the above.

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