JP6980731B2 - How to operate the refrigerating device and refrigerating device - Google Patents

How to operate the refrigerating device and refrigerating device Download PDF

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JP6980731B2
JP6980731B2 JP2019170888A JP2019170888A JP6980731B2 JP 6980731 B2 JP6980731 B2 JP 6980731B2 JP 2019170888 A JP2019170888 A JP 2019170888A JP 2019170888 A JP2019170888 A JP 2019170888A JP 6980731 B2 JP6980731 B2 JP 6980731B2
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temperature
heat exchanger
indoor
luggage compartment
drying
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JP2021038909A (en
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健太郎 渡邊
徹 篠澤
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Topre Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3232—Cooling devices using compression particularly adapted for load transporting vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205—Control means therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/02—Moistening ; Devices influencing humidity levels, i.e. humidity control
    • B60H3/024—Moistening ; Devices influencing humidity levels, i.e. humidity control for only dehumidifying the air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Defrosting Systems (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

本発明は、冷凍装置及び冷凍装置の運転方法に係り、特に冷却運転と加温運転とを選択的に実行可能な冷凍装置とその冷凍装置の運転方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus and an operating method of the refrigerating apparatus, and more particularly to a refrigerating apparatus capable of selectively performing a cooling operation and a heating operation and an operating method of the refrigerating apparatus.

定温配送に使用される冷凍車として、荷室の室内に積載された荷物を外気温の影響を受けずに最適な温度で維持するために、荷室内の加温と冷却とが選択的に行える冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車が実用化されて、−２５℃〜−１８℃、０℃〜５℃、５℃〜１２℃など、積載される荷物に適した幅広い設定温度帯で使用されている。
荷室内温度の変更が可能な冷凍車は、荷室内温度を変更して保存温度の異なる荷物の定温配送を行うと車両の稼働率が向上する。さらに、荷室内を２つの区画に区分し、それぞれの区画の温度が変更可能な冷凍車は、保存温度の異なる荷物を同時に配送できるので輸送効率が向上する。
しかしながら、低温に冷却された荷室内に荷物を積載して輸送する冷凍車は、荷物の積み降ろし時に荷室の扉を開閉することで水分を含んだ外気が荷室内に流入し、外気に含まれた水分が荷室内壁面と熱交換器に着霜あるいは結露する場合がある。As a freezer truck used for constant temperature delivery, it is possible to selectively heat and cool the luggage compartment in order to maintain the luggage loaded in the luggage compartment at the optimum temperature without being affected by the outside air temperature. Refrigerator trucks equipped with refrigerating equipment have been put into practical use and are used in a wide set temperature range suitable for loaded cargo, such as -25 ° C to -18 ° C, 0 ° C to 5 ° C, 5 ° C to 12 ° C. ..
For refrigerated vehicles whose luggage compartment temperature can be changed, the operating rate of the vehicle can be improved by changing the luggage compartment temperature and delivering the cargo with different storage temperatures at a constant temperature. Further, a freezer truck in which the luggage compartment is divided into two sections and the temperature of each section can be changed can deliver packages having different storage temperatures at the same time, so that the transportation efficiency is improved.
However, in a refrigerator truck that loads and transports luggage in a luggage compartment cooled to a low temperature, the outside air containing moisture flows into the luggage compartment by opening and closing the door of the luggage compartment when loading and unloading the luggage, and is contained in the outside air. Moisture may frost or condense on the wall of the luggage compartment and the heat exchanger.

特許文献１には、車両用エンジンが停止および／または荷室ドアが開放されたとき、もしくは冷凍ユニット１の運転が停止されたときに、庫外熱交換器に対するデフロスト運転を実施する、輸送用冷凍ユニットが記載されている。
また、特許文献２には、エバポレータに着霜する温度よりも高い蒸発温度で荷物庫内を冷却する除湿運転を行う車両用冷凍サイクルシステムが記載されている。According to Patent Document 1, when the vehicle engine is stopped and / or the luggage compartment door is opened, or when the operation of the refrigerating unit 1 is stopped, the defrost operation for the external heat exchanger is performed, for transportation. The refrigeration unit is listed.
Further, Patent Document 2 describes a refrigeration cycle system for vehicles that performs a dehumidifying operation for cooling the inside of a luggage compartment at an evaporation temperature higher than the temperature at which the evaporator is frosted.

特開２０１５−１１７８８９号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-117888 特開２０１４−０８８９７０号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-08870

ところで、冷却運転と加温運転とを選択的に実行可能な冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車で、保存温度が低温の荷物を配送したあとに保存温度が常温の荷物を配送するときは、それまで冷却していた荷室内の温度が外気温近傍まで上昇してから、保存温度が常温の荷物を積載して配送する。 By the way, in a refrigerator truck equipped with a refrigerating device that can selectively execute cooling operation and heating operation, when delivering a package with a low storage temperature and then delivering a package with a storage temperature of normal temperature, until then. After the temperature inside the cooled luggage compartment rises to near the outside temperature, the cargo with a storage temperature of room temperature is loaded and delivered.

しかしながら、荷室内が低温のままで外気の流入を防止することなく荷室の扉を開放すると、荷室内と外気との温湿度差によって、荷室内に流入した外気中の水分が荷室内壁面の天井、側壁、床などに着霜あるいは結露して荷物を濡らす恐れがあるので、保存温度が常温の荷物を直ちに積載できないという問題があった。 However, if the door of the luggage compartment is opened without preventing the inflow of outside air while the luggage compartment remains at a low temperature, the moisture in the outside air flowing into the luggage compartment will be caused by the temperature / humidity difference between the luggage compartment and the outside air on the wall surface of the luggage compartment. Since there is a risk of frost or dew condensation on the ceiling, side walls, floor, etc. to wet the luggage, there is a problem that the luggage with a storage temperature of room temperature cannot be immediately loaded.

上述したような輸送用冷凍ユニットでは熱交換器の除霜は行えるものの、荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した水分を気化させた後に凝縮させて荷室外へ排水することは難しい。また、荷室を構成する壁と荷室内空気とに熱容量差があるので、荷室内壁面の表面温度は荷室内空気温度よりも遅れて変化する。このため、荷物庫内の温度が規定温度に到達したら除湿運転を中止する車両用冷凍サイクルシステムでは、荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した水分を気化して荷室内壁面を乾燥させることは難しい。 Although the heat exchanger can be defrosted in the transport refrigeration unit as described above, it is difficult to evaporate the moisture that has formed or dew on the wall surface of the luggage compartment and then condense it and drain it to the outside of the luggage compartment. Further, since there is a difference in heat capacity between the wall constituting the luggage compartment and the air in the luggage compartment, the surface temperature of the wall surface of the luggage compartment changes later than the air temperature in the luggage compartment. For this reason, in a vehicle refrigeration cycle system in which the dehumidifying operation is stopped when the temperature inside the luggage compartment reaches a specified temperature, it is difficult to evaporate the moisture that has frosted or dewed on the wall surface of the luggage compartment to dry the wall surface of the luggage compartment.

そこで、本発明の課題は、荷室内に流入して荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した外気中の水分を、気化と凝縮を行って荷室外に排水し、荷室内壁面を乾燥させることを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to evaporate and condense the moisture in the outside air that has flowed into the luggage compartment and has frosted or dewed on the luggage compartment wall surface to be drained to the outside of the luggage compartment to dry the luggage compartment wall surface. And.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明は以下の構成を有する。
（１）車両に架装された荷室の室内を冷却する冷却運転と、前記室内を加温する加温運転と、が切り替え可能な冷凍装置であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
該室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転との切り替えを制御する制御装置と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜モードの機能と、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿モードの機能と、
所定の乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜モードと前記除湿モードとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥モードの機能と、を有することを特徴とする冷凍装置である。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configurations.
(1) A refrigerating device capable of switching between a cooling operation for cooling the interior of a luggage compartment mounted on a vehicle and a heating operation for heating the interior.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
An indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the indoor air,
An indoor blower compatible with the indoor heat exchanger,
The first temperature detector that detects the air temperature in the room and
With the indoor heat exchanger or the second temperature detector provided in the vicinity,
A control device for controlling switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the function of defrosting mode for executing the heating operation,
The function of the dehumidification mode that executes the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time until the second set temperature set below the first set temperature is reached, and the function of the dehumidification mode.
The freezing device is characterized by having a function of a drying mode for executing a drying operation in which the defrosting mode and the dehumidifying mode are alternately repeated until a predetermined drying time is reached.

（２）車両に架装された荷室の室内を２つに区画し、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を冷却する冷却運転と、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を加温する加温運転と、
一方の区画された室内を冷却し、他方の区画された室内を加温する冷加温運転と、
の３通りの運転が切り替え可能な冷凍装置であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
前記室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転と前記冷加温運転との切り替えを制御する制御装置と、
前記区画された室内のそれぞれに、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜モードの機能と、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿モードの機能と、
所定の乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜モードと前記除湿モードとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥モードの機能と、を有することを特徴とする冷凍装置である。 (2) Divide the interior of the luggage compartment mounted on the vehicle into two parts.
A cooling operation that cools at least one of the partitioned rooms,
A heating operation that heats at least one of the partitioned rooms,
Cooling and heating operation that cools one partitioned room and heats the other partitioned room,
It is a refrigerating device that can switch between the three types of operation.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
A control device that controls switching between the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the cooling / heating operation, and
In each of the compartments
An indoor heat exchanger for air heat exchanger of the indoor,
An indoor blower corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger,
A first temperature detector for detecting the air temperature of the indoor,
The room heat exchanger or a second temperature detector provided in the vicinity thereof is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the function of defrosting mode for executing the heating operation,
The function of the dehumidification mode that executes the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time until the second set temperature set below the first set temperature is reached, and the function of the dehumidification mode.
The freezing device is characterized by having a function of a drying mode for executing a drying operation in which the defrosting mode and the dehumidifying mode are alternately repeated until a predetermined drying time is reached.

（３）前記乾燥運転が前記乾燥時間に到達したときは、乾燥モードから温調モードに移行するとともに、前記加温運転および／または前記冷却運転を実行して、前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が室内設定温度となるように温調運転を実行する機能を有することを特徴とする、（１）または（２）に記載の冷凍装置である。(3) When the drying operation reaches the drying time, the drying mode is shifted to the temperature control mode, and the heating operation and / or the cooling operation is executed to detect the first temperature detector. The refrigerating apparatus according to (1) or (2), which has a function of executing a temperature control operation so that the temperature becomes a set temperature in the room.

（４）前記室内送風機の運転を連続あるいは断続して実行する機能を有することを特徴とする、（１）乃至（３）記載の冷凍装置である。(4) The refrigerating apparatus according to (1) to (3), which has a function of continuously or intermittently executing the operation of the indoor blower.

（５）前記第１温度検知器は、前記室内熱交換器に流入する空気の温度を検知し、前記第２温度検知器は、前記室内熱交換器を通過した冷媒が流通する冷媒配管温度、前記室内熱交換器内部の冷媒配管温度、前記室内熱交換器のフィン温度、前記室内熱交換器を通過する冷媒の圧力から換算した飽和温度、冷媒配管内を通過する冷媒の温度を計測した冷媒温度のうち少なくとも１つ以上を検知する、ことを特徴とする（１）乃至（４）に記載の冷凍装置である。(5) The first temperature detector detects the temperature of the air flowing into the indoor heat exchanger, and the second temperature detector is the temperature of the refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger flows. A refrigerant that measures the temperature of the refrigerant pipe inside the indoor heat exchanger, the fin temperature of the indoor heat exchanger, the saturation temperature converted from the pressure of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger, and the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe. The refrigerating apparatus according to (1) to (4), wherein at least one of the temperatures is detected.

（６）車両に架装された荷室の室内を冷却する冷却運転と、前記室内を加温する加温運転と、が切り替え可能な冷凍装置の運転方法であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
該室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転の切り替えを制御する制御装置と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜ステップと、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿ステップと、
乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜ステップと前記除湿ステップとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする冷凍装置の運転方法である。 (6) A method of operating a refrigerating device that can switch between a cooling operation for cooling the interior of a luggage compartment mounted on a vehicle and a heating operation for heating the interior.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
An indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the indoor air,
An indoor blower compatible with the indoor heat exchanger,
The first temperature detector that detects the air temperature in the room and
With the indoor heat exchanger or the second temperature detector provided in the vicinity,
A control device for controlling switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the defrosting executing the heating operation,
A dehumidification step of executing the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time required to reach the second set temperature set to be equal to or lower than the first set temperature.
It is an operation method of a refrigerating apparatus including a drying step of executing a drying operation in which the defrosting step and the dehumidifying step are alternately repeated until a drying time is reached.

（７）車両に架装された荷室の室内を２つに区画し、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を冷却する冷却運転と、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を加温する加温運転と、
一方の区画された室内を冷却し、他方の区画された室内を加温する冷加温運転と、
の３通りの運転が切り替え可能な冷凍装置の運転方法であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
前記室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転の切り替えを制御する制御装置と、
区画された前記室内のそれぞれに、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記冷却運転または前記加温運転を実行する除霜ステップと、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却
運転を実行する除湿ステップと、
乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜ステップと前記除湿ステップとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする冷凍装置の運転方法である。 (7) Divide the interior of the luggage compartment mounted on the vehicle into two parts.
A cooling operation that cools at least one of the partitioned rooms,
A heating operation that heats at least one of the partitioned rooms,
Cooling and heating operation that cools one partitioned room and heats the other partitioned room,
It is an operation method of the refrigeration system that can switch between the three types of operation.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
A control device that controls switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation,
In each of the compartments
An indoor heat exchanger for air heat exchanger of the indoor,
An indoor blower corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger,
A first temperature detector for detecting the air temperature of the indoor,
E Bei and a second temperature detector provided in the indoor heat exchanger or near,
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the defrosting executing the cooling operation or the heating operation,
A dehumidification step of executing the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time required to reach the second set temperature set to be equal to or lower than the first set temperature.
It is an operation method of a refrigerating apparatus including a drying step of executing a drying operation in which the defrosting step and the dehumidifying step are alternately repeated until a drying time is reached.

（８）前記乾燥ステップが前記乾燥時間に到達したときは、乾燥ステップから温調ステップに移行するとともに、前記加温運転および／または前記冷却運転を実行して、前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が室内設定温度となるように温調運転を実行する温調ステップを含むことを特徴とする、（６）または（７）に記載の冷凍装置の運転方法である。(8) When the drying step reaches the drying time, the drying step is shifted to the temperature control step, and the heating operation and / or the cooling operation is executed to detect the first temperature detector. The method for operating a refrigerating apparatus according to (6) or (7), which comprises a temperature control step of executing a temperature control operation so that the temperature becomes a set temperature in the room.

（９）前記室内送風機の運転を連続あるいは断続して実行するステップを有することを特徴とする、（６）乃至（８）記載の冷凍装置の運転方法である。(9) The method for operating a refrigerating apparatus according to (6) to (8), which comprises a step of continuously or intermittently executing the operation of the indoor blower.

本発明によれば、除霜モードと除湿モードとを所定の乾燥時間に到達するまで繰り返す乾燥モードにおいて、第１温度検知器と第２温度検知器の検知温度に基づいて加温運転と冷却運転を繰り返して実行するので、荷室の室内温度は、荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した水分を気化させるのに適した温度と、気化した水分を室内熱交換器で凝縮させるのに適した温度との間で上昇と下降を繰り返すように制御される。これにより、荷室内壁面での水分の気化と室内熱交換器での凝縮とが交互に行われて凝縮水を効果的に荷室外に排水することができ、荷室内壁面の乾燥に要する時間を短縮することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, in a drying mode in which a defrosting mode and a dehumidifying mode are repeated until a predetermined drying time is reached, a heating operation and a cooling operation are performed based on the detection temperatures of the first temperature detector and the second temperature detector. The room temperature of the luggage compartment is a temperature suitable for vaporizing the moisture frosted or condensed on the wall surface of the luggage compartment and a temperature suitable for condensing the vaporized moisture with the indoor heat exchanger. It is controlled to repeat ascending and descending between. As a result, the vaporization of water on the wall surface of the luggage compartment and the condensation in the indoor heat exchanger are alternately performed, and the condensed water can be effectively drained to the outside of the luggage compartment, and the time required for drying the wall surface of the luggage compartment can be reduced. It can be shortened.

さらに、除霜モードにおいて所定の除霜終了時間に到達するまで第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように冷却運転および／または加温運転を実行するので、荷室内の空気よりも温度変化の速度が遅い荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した水分の気化が促進されて、荷室内壁面の乾燥に要する時間を短縮することができる。 Further, in the defrosting mode, the cooling operation and / or the heating operation is executed so that the detection temperature of the first temperature detector becomes the first set temperature until the predetermined defrosting end time is reached, so that the air in the luggage compartment is operated. The time required for drying the wall surface of the luggage compartment can be shortened by promoting the vaporization of moisture that has been frosted or condensed on the wall surface of the luggage compartment, which has a slower temperature change rate.

加えて、除湿モードにおいて第２温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間、あるいは除湿終了時間、のいずれか短い時間に到達するまで冷却運転を実行するので、荷室内の気化した水分を室内熱交換器で凝縮して凝縮水を荷室外に排水することができる。さらに、冷却運転終了後は除湿モードから除霜モードに直ちに切り替えて加温運転を実行するので、荷室内壁面の温度を迅速に上昇させることができる。 In addition, in the dehumidification mode, cooling is performed until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the second set temperature set to the first set temperature or lower, or the dehumidification end time, whichever is shorter. Since the operation is executed, the vaporized water in the luggage compartment can be condensed by the indoor heat exchanger and the condensed water can be drained to the outside of the luggage compartment. Further, after the cooling operation is completed, the dehumidification mode is immediately switched to the defrosting mode to execute the heating operation, so that the temperature of the wall surface of the luggage compartment can be rapidly increased.

また、荷室の室内を２つの区画に区分した冷凍車は、配送する荷物のなくなった一方の荷室内を他方の荷室内に先立って乾燥させることで、輸送効率が向上する。 Further, in the refrigerator truck in which the interior of the luggage compartment is divided into two sections, the transportation efficiency is improved by drying one of the luggage compartments to be delivered prior to the other luggage compartment.

また、室内熱交換器で荷室内の加温と、気化した水分の凝縮を行うので、荷室内を加温する熱交換器あるいは電熱ヒータを設置する必要がなく、冷凍装置を軽量化することができる。 In addition, since the indoor heat exchanger heats the luggage compartment and condenses the vaporized water, it is not necessary to install a heat exchanger or an electric heater to heat the luggage compartment, and the weight of the freezing device can be reduced. can.

除霜モードで荷室内を加温するときは、室外熱交換器で回収した外気中の熱エネルギーを室内熱交換器で放熱して荷室内の加温に利用するので、圧縮機と室内熱交換器との間を冷媒が循環して、圧縮機の吐出ガスの熱エネルギーだけを室内熱交換器で放熱する加熱方式に比べて荷室内を加温する加温能力が高く、荷室内壁面の温度を迅速に上昇させることができる。 When heating the luggage compartment in the defrost mode, the heat energy in the outside air recovered by the outdoor heat exchanger is dissipated by the indoor heat exchanger and used for heating the luggage compartment, so the heat exchange between the compressor and the room Compared to the heating method in which the refrigerant circulates between the container and the heat energy of the discharge gas of the compressor is dissipated by the indoor heat exchanger, the heating capacity for heating the luggage compartment is higher, and the temperature of the wall surface of the luggage compartment is higher. Can be raised quickly.

第１温度検知器は、室内熱交換器に流入する空気の温度を検知し室内送風機の送風により荷室内を攪拌した空気が室内熱交換器に流入するときの温度を検知するので、荷室内の空気温度を反映するとともに荷室内空気温度の変動に対する応答遅れが少ない。
また、第２温度検知器は、室内熱交換器から流出した冷媒が流通する冷媒配管温度、室内熱交換器の冷媒配管温度、室内熱交換器のフィン温度、室内熱交換器を通過する冷媒の圧力から換算した飽和温度、冷媒配管内を通過する冷媒の温度を計測した冷媒温度のうち少なくとも１つ以上を検知するので、気化した水分が室内熱交換器で凝縮したことを迅速に検知することができる。The first temperature detector detects the temperature of the air flowing into the indoor heat exchanger and detects the temperature at which the air agitated in the luggage compartment by the air blown by the indoor blower flows into the indoor heat exchanger. It reflects the air temperature and there is little delay in response to fluctuations in the air temperature in the luggage compartment.
The second temperature detector is the temperature of the refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger flows, the temperature of the refrigerant pipe of the indoor heat exchanger, the fin temperature of the indoor heat exchanger, and the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger. Since at least one of the saturation temperature converted from pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe is detected at least one of them, it is possible to quickly detect that the vaporized water is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger. Can be done.

さらに、第１温度検知器は、荷室内の代表温度となる室内熱交換器に流入する空気の温度を検知する温度センサを兼用し、第２温度検知器は、室内熱交換器から流出した冷媒が流通する冷媒配管温度を検知して着霜状態を検知する除霜センサを兼用することができるので、新たに温度センサを増やすことなく、荷室内に流入して荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した外気中の水分を気化させた後に凝縮させて凝縮水を荷室外に排水し、荷室内壁面を乾燥させる冷凍装置を構成することができる。 Further, the first temperature detector also serves as a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the air flowing into the indoor heat exchanger, which is the representative temperature of the luggage compartment, and the second temperature detector is the refrigerant flowing out from the indoor heat exchanger. Since it can also be used as a defrosting sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant pipes that flow through and detects the frost formation state, it flows into the luggage compartment and frosts or condenses on the wall surface of the luggage compartment without increasing the temperature sensor. A refrigerating device can be configured in which the moisture in the outside air is vaporized and then condensed to drain the condensed water to the outside of the luggage compartment and dry the wall surface of the luggage compartment.

室内送風機の運転を連続して実行すると、室内送風機の送風によって、荷室内壁面に着霜あるいは結露した水分の気化と、室内熱交換器での水分の凝縮が促進される。
また、室内送風機の運転を断続して実行すると、室内熱交換器で凝縮した水分の飛散を防止して凝縮水を迅速に荷室外に排水することができる。
室内送風機の運転を連続あるいは断続して行うことにより、室内熱交換器での水分の凝縮促進と飛散防止を選択的に行うことができる。When the indoor blower is continuously operated, the air blown by the indoor blower promotes the vaporization of the moisture frosted or condensed on the wall surface of the luggage compartment and the condensation of the moisture in the indoor heat exchanger.
Further, when the indoor blower is operated intermittently, the condensed water can be prevented from being scattered by the indoor heat exchanger and the condensed water can be quickly drained to the outside of the luggage compartment.
By continuously or intermittently operating the indoor blower, it is possible to selectively promote the condensation and prevent the scattering of water in the indoor heat exchanger.

経過時間が所定の乾燥時間に到達したときは、乾燥モードから温調モードに移行するとともに、加温運転および／または冷却運転を実行して、第１温度検知器の検知温度が、温調モードでの第１設定温度となるように温調運転を実行するので、乾燥運転の開始前に、新たに積載する荷物に適した第１設定温度を予め設定することにより、荷室内を新たな荷物に適した保存温度とすることができる。
また、温調モードでの第１設定温度を設定しない場合は、所定の乾燥時間終了とともに冷凍装置は停止する。When the elapsed time reaches a predetermined drying time, the temperature is changed from the drying mode to the temperature control mode, and the heating operation and / or the cooling operation is executed, and the temperature detected by the first temperature detector is changed to the temperature control mode. Since the temperature control operation is executed so as to be the first set temperature in the above, the first set temperature suitable for the newly loaded luggage is set in advance before the start of the drying operation, so that the luggage compartment can be newly loaded. The storage temperature can be set to be suitable for.
If the first set temperature in the temperature control mode is not set, the refrigerating apparatus is stopped at the end of the predetermined drying time.

本発明の実施形態１に係る冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車を示す概略図。The schematic diagram which shows the refrigerating vehicle equipped with the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る冷凍装置の構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る冷凍装置の制御装置周辺を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the periphery of the control device of the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る制御装置により実行される処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the process executed by the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る制御装置により実行される電源スイッチ割り込み処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the power switch interrupt process executed by the control device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る制御装置により実行されるイグニッションキースイッチ割り込み処理を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the ignition key switch interrupt process executed by the control device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１に係る制御装置により実行される乾燥時の庫内温度の変化を示す概念図である。FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a change in the temperature inside the refrigerator during drying executed by the control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態２に係る冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車を示す概略図。The schematic diagram which shows the refrigerating vehicle equipped with the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２に係る冷凍装置の構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２に係る冷凍装置の制御装置周辺を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the periphery of the control device of the refrigerating apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態に係る冷凍装置について図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, the refrigerating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

（１）実施形態１
本発明の実施形態１に係る冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車１について、図面を参照して説明する。
図１に示すように、冷凍車１は、荷室２、荷室の室内２１、冷凍装置を構成する圧縮機３、室外熱交換器４、室外送風機５、荷室２に対応した室内熱交換器６、室内送風機７、荷室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器ＴＲ、室内熱交換器近傍に設けた第２温度検知器ＴＨ、制御装置８、ドレンパン９、ドレン排水管１０を備えている。(1) Embodiment 1
The refrigerator truck 1 equipped with the refrigerating apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigerating vehicle 1 has an indoor heat exchange corresponding to a luggage compartment 2, a luggage compartment interior 21, a compressor 3 constituting a refrigerating apparatus, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an outdoor blower 5, and a luggage compartment 2. It is equipped with a device 6, an indoor blower 7, a first temperature detector TR that detects the air temperature in the luggage compartment, a second temperature detector TH provided near the indoor heat exchanger, a control device 8, a drain pan 9, and a drain drain pipe 10. ing.

図２に示すように、冷凍装置を構成する機器類が冷媒配管を介して接続されることにより、公知のごとく冷却サイクルおよびヒートポンプ加温サイクルが構成される。 As shown in FIG. 2, by connecting the equipment constituting the refrigerating apparatus via the refrigerant pipe, a cooling cycle and a heat pump heating cycle are configured as known.

図２及び図３に示すように、制御装置８は、配管ユニット３０の弁類を制御して、荷室２の室内２１を冷却する場合は、圧縮機３から吐出された冷媒が室外熱交換器４で凝縮し、室内熱交換器６で蒸発するように冷媒が流れて、荷室２の室内２１は冷却される。
このとき室内熱交換器６のフィン温度が露点温度以下で氷結しない温度の場合は、室内送風機７の送風により、荷室２の室内２１の空気中に含まれる水分は室内熱交換器６のフィン表面で凝縮し、ドレンパン９とドレン排水管１０を経て荷室外に排水される。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the control device 8 controls the valves of the piping unit 30 to cool the indoor 21 of the luggage compartment 2, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 exchanges outdoor heat. The refrigerant flows so as to condense in the vessel 4 and evaporate in the indoor heat exchanger 6, and the chamber 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is cooled.
At this time, if the fin temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 6 is below the dew point temperature and does not freeze, the moisture contained in the air of the indoor 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is removed by the air blown by the indoor blower 7. It condenses on the surface and is drained to the outside of the luggage compartment via the drain pan 9 and the drain drain pipe 10.

また、荷室２の室内２１を加温する場合は、圧縮機３から吐出された冷媒が室内熱交換器６で凝縮し、室外熱交換器４で蒸発するように冷媒が流れて、荷室２の室内２１は加温される。
このとき荷室２の室内２１を加温する前に荷室内壁面４０を構成する天井、側壁、床などに着霜あるいは結露した水分は、荷室２の室内２１の温度上昇とともに気化し、除霜終了時間に到達するまでの間、第一設定温度に維持されることにより気化は促進する。Further, when the indoor 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 is condensed by the indoor heat exchanger 6, and the refrigerant flows so as to evaporate by the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and the luggage compartment is heated. Room 21 of 2 is heated.
At this time, the moisture frosted or dewed on the ceiling, side walls, floor, etc. constituting the luggage compartment wall surface 40 before heating the chamber 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is vaporized and removed as the temperature of the chamber 21 of the luggage compartment 2 rises. Vaporization is promoted by maintaining the first set temperature until the end time of frost is reached.

ここで図４、図５、図６、図７を参照して設定例に基づく運転状態を示す。
（設定例：（１）乾燥運転での第１設定温度（ＴＲＳ、除霜設定温度）＝３０℃、第２設定温度（ＴＨＳ、除湿設定温度）＝３℃、乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）＝１．５ｈｒ、（２）乾燥運転終了後（温調運転）の荷室の設定温度＝５℃）
荷室２が設定温度−２５℃に設定されて温調運転を実行しているとき、制御装置８に、乾燥運転での第１設定温度ＴＲＳ＝３０℃、第２設定温度ＴＨＳ＝３℃、乾燥時間ＤＴＳ＝１．５ｈｒ、乾燥運転終了後の荷室の設定温度＝５℃、を入力して乾燥運転を開始する指示を制御装置８に入力すると、図４に示すように、（ａ）制御装置８は、第１温度検知器ＴＲの検知温度（ＴＲＭ）−２５℃と第１設定温度（ＴＲＳ）３０℃を比較して、荷室内の検知温度（ＴＲＭ）−２５℃は第１設定温度（ＴＲＳ）３０℃よりも低いので、荷室２に対して加温運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０を制御する。これにより、荷室２に対して加温運転を開始する。（ｂ）荷室２が加温されて第１温度検知器ＴＲの検知温度（ＴＲＭ）が第１設定温度３０℃に到達すると、制御装置８は加温運転を中止して除霜終了時間（ＦＥＳ）に到達していない場合は、除霜保持時間（ＦｔＳ）に到達するまで第１設定温度を保持し、除霜保持時間（ＦｔＳ）に到達すると冷却運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０に出力する。（ｃ）荷室２の室内２１が冷却されて第２設定温度検知器ＴＨの検知温度（ＴＨＭ）が３℃に到達すると、制御装置８は冷却運転を中止して加温運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０に出力する。（ｄ）制御装置８は所定の乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）１．５ｈｒに到達まで、荷室２に対して加温運転と第１設定温度保持と冷却運転を繰り返して行うように配管ユニット３０に出力し、所定の乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）１．５ｈｒに到達すると、第１設定温度検知器ＴＲの検知温度（ＴＲＭ）を乾燥時間到達後の第１設定温度５℃に維持する温調運転を実行する。Here, the operating state based on the setting example is shown with reference to FIGS. 4, 5, 6, and 7.
(Setting example: (1) First set temperature (TRS, dehumidification set temperature) = 30 ° C., second set temperature (THS, dehumidification set temperature) = 3 ° C., drying time (DTS) = 1. 5hr, (2) Set temperature of the luggage compartment after the drying operation (temperature control operation) = 5 ° C)
When the luggage compartment 2 is set to the set temperature of -25 ° C and the temperature control operation is executed, the control device 8 is provided with the first set temperature TRS = 30 ° C, the second set temperature THS = 3 ° C in the drying operation. When the instruction to start the drying operation is input to the control device 8 by inputting the drying time DTS = 1.5 hr and the set temperature of the luggage compartment after the drying operation = 5 ° C., as shown in FIG. 4, (a). The control device 8 compares the detection temperature (TRM) -25 ° C. of the first temperature detector TR with the first set temperature (TRS) 30 ° C., and the detection temperature (TRM) -25 ° C. in the luggage compartment is the first setting. Since the temperature (TRS) is lower than 30 ° C., the piping unit 30 is controlled so as to execute the heating operation for the luggage compartment 2. As a result, the heating operation is started for the luggage compartment 2. (B) When the luggage compartment 2 is heated and the detection temperature (TRM) of the first temperature detector TR reaches the first set temperature of 30 ° C., the control device 8 stops the heating operation and the defrosting end time ( If the FES) has not been reached, the first set temperature is held until the defrosting retention time (FtS) is reached, and when the defrosting retention time (FtS) is reached, the piping unit 30 is subjected to the cooling operation. Output. (C) When the room 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is cooled and the detection temperature (THM) of the second set temperature detector TH reaches 3 ° C., the control device 8 stops the cooling operation and executes the heating operation. Output to the piping unit 30. (D) The control device 8 outputs to the piping unit 30 so as to repeatedly perform the heating operation, the first set temperature holding, and the cooling operation for the luggage compartment 2 until the predetermined drying time (DTS) of 1.5 hr is reached. Then, when the predetermined drying time (DTS) of 1.5 hr is reached, the temperature control operation for maintaining the detection temperature (TRM) of the first set temperature detector TR at the first set temperature of 5 ° C. after reaching the drying time is executed. ..

第１温度検知器ＴＭの取付位置は、荷室２の室内２１の空気が室内熱交換器６に吸い込まれる空気の温度を検知する位置に取り付けられているので、検知される温度は、荷室２の荷室内温度分布の中で平均温度よりも荷室外の空気温度に近づく。 Since the mounting position of the first temperature detector TM is mounted at a position where the temperature of the air in the room 21 of the luggage compartment 2 is sucked into the indoor heat exchanger 6, the detected temperature is the luggage compartment. In the temperature distribution in the luggage compartment of 2, the air temperature outside the luggage compartment is closer than the average temperature.

第２設定温度は、第１設定温度よりも低く、室内熱交換器６に着霜する温度よりも高く設定することで、効率よく除湿することができる。 The second set temperature is lower than the first set temperature and higher than the temperature at which frost is formed on the indoor heat exchanger 6, so that dehumidification can be performed efficiently.

第１温度検知器ＴＲは、荷室２の室内２１の温度を制御する際の荷室内代表温度を検知するセンサで代用し、第２温度検知器ＴＨはデフロスト終了を検知するセンサで代用することが可能で、この構成によると新たに温度検知器を設けることなく、荷室内壁面の乾燥を効率よく行える冷凍装置を構成することができる。 The first temperature detector TR is substituted with a sensor that detects the representative temperature of the luggage compartment when controlling the temperature of the chamber 21 of the luggage compartment 2, and the second temperature detector TH is substituted with a sensor that detects the end of defrosting. According to this configuration, it is possible to configure a refrigerating device that can efficiently dry the wall surface of the luggage compartment without installing a new temperature detector.

（２） 実施形態２
本発明の実施形態２ に係る冷凍装置を搭載した冷凍車１ Ａ について、図面を参照して説
明する。
図８に示すように、冷凍車１Ａ は、荷室２Ａ を仕切り壁２０Ａ によって前後二室に区画した荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２、冷凍装置を構成する圧縮機３Ａ、室外熱交換器４Ａ、室外送風機５Ａ、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２のそれぞれに対応した室内熱交換器６Ａ１、６Ａ２、室内送風機７Ａ１、７Ａ２、荷室２Ａ１内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器ＴＲ１、荷室２Ａ２内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器ＴＲ２、荷室２Ａ１内の室内熱交換器６Ａ１近傍に設けた第２温度検知器ＴＨ１、荷室２Ａ２内の室内熱交換器６Ａ２近傍に設けた第２温度検知器ＴＨ２、制御装置８Ａ、ドレンパン９Ａ１、９Ａ２、ドレン排水管１０Ａ１、１０Ａ２を備えている。 (2) Embodiment 2
The refrigerator truck 1A equipped with the refrigerating apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 8 , in the refrigerating vehicle 1A, the luggage compartment 2A is divided into two front and rear chambers by a partition wall 20A, the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2, the compressor 3A constituting the refrigerating apparatus, the outdoor heat exchanger 4A, and the outdoor blower 5A. , Indoor heat exchangers 6A1, 6A2 corresponding to each of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2, indoor blowers 7A1, 7A2, the first temperature detector TR1 for detecting the air temperature in the luggage compartment 2A1, and the air temperature in the luggage compartment 2A2. The first temperature detector TR2 to detect, the second temperature detector TH1 provided in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 6A1 in the luggage compartment 2A1, and the second temperature detector TH2 provided in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 6A2 in the luggage compartment 2A2. , The control device 8A, the drain pans 9A1, 9A2, and the drain drain pipes 10A1, 10A2 are provided.

荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２のいずれか一方または両方を冷却する場合は、制御装置８Ａによって冷却運転が行われて配管ユニット３０Ａ内の弁類を制御して、荷室２Ａ１または２Ａ２内を冷却する。 When cooling either or both of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2, a cooling operation is performed by the control device 8A to control the valves in the piping unit 30A to cool the luggage compartments 2A1 or 2A2.

荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２のいずれか一方または両方を加温する場合、制御装置８Ａによって加温運転が行われて配管ユニット３０Ａ内の弁類を制御して、荷室２Ａ１または２Ａ２内を加温する。 When one or both of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 are heated, the heating operation is performed by the control device 8A to control the valves in the piping unit 30A to heat the luggage compartments 2A1 or 2A2. ..

荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２のいずれか一方を冷却し、他方を加温する場合、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒は、配管ユニット３０Ａ、加温する荷室の室内熱交換器、配管ユニット３０Ａに設けた図示しないレシーバと図示しない膨張弁、冷却する荷室の室内熱交換器の順に流れて冷加温運転を行い、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２の熱収支を補う必要がある場合に室外熱交換器４Ａを利用する。 When either one of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 is cooled and the other is heated, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is provided in the piping unit 30A, the indoor heat exchanger of the luggage compartment to be heated, and the piping unit 30A. When it is necessary to supplement the heat balance of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 by flowing in the order of the receiver (not shown), the expansion valve (not shown), and the indoor heat exchanger of the luggage compartment to be cooled, the outdoor heat exchanger 4A is used. Use.

ここで設定例に基づく運転状態を示す。
（設定例：（１）乾燥運転での第１設定温度（ＴＲＳ、除霜設定温度）＝３０℃、第２設定温度（ＴＨＳ、除湿設定温度）＝３℃、乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）＝１．５ｈｒ、（２）乾燥運転終了後（温調運転）の荷室２Ａ１の設定温度＝５℃、荷室２Ａ２の設定温度２０℃）
荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２がともに第１設定温度−２５℃に設定されて冷却運転を実行しているとき、制御装置８Ａに、乾燥運転での第１設定温度ＴＲＳ＝３０℃、第２設定温度ＴＨＳ＝３℃、乾燥時間ＤＴＳ＝１．５ｈｒ、乾燥運転終了後の荷室２Ａ１の第１設定温度５℃、荷室２Ａ２の第１設定温度２０℃、を入力して乾燥運転を開始する指示を制御装置８Ａに入力すると、（ａ）制御装置８Ａは、第１温度検知器ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２の検知温度（ＴＲＭ１、ＴＲＭ２）−２５℃と第１設定温度３０℃を比較して、荷室内の検知温度（ＴＲＭ１、ＴＲＭ２）−２５℃は第１設定温度３０℃よりも低いので、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２に対して加温運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０Ａを制御する。これにより、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２に対して加温運転を開始する。（ｂ）荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２が加温されて第１温度検知器ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２の検知温度（ＴＲＭ１，ＴＲＭ２）が第１設定温度３０℃に到達すると、制御装置８Ａは加温運転を中止して除霜終了時間（ＦＥＳ）に到達していない場合は、除霜保持時間（ＦｔＳ）に到達するまで第１設定温度を保持し、除霜保持時間（ＦｔＳ）に到達すると冷却運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０Ａに出力する。（ｃ）荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２が冷却されて第２設定温度検知器ＴＨの検知温度（ＴＨＭ）が３℃に到達すると、制御装置８Ａは冷却運転を中止して加温運転を実行するように配管ユニット３０Ａに出力する。（ｄ）制御装置８Ａは所定の乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）１．５ｈｒに到達まで、荷室２Ａ１，２Ａ２に対して加温運転と第１設定温度保持と冷却運転を繰り返して行うように配管ユニット３０Ａに出力し、所定の乾燥時間（ＤＴＳ）１．５ｈｒに到達すると、第１設定温度検知器ＴＲの検知温度（ＴＲＭ）を乾燥時間到達後の荷室２Ａ１の第１設定温度５℃、荷室２Ａ２の設定温度２０℃に維持する温調運転を実行する。Here, the operating state based on the setting example is shown.
(Setting example: (1) First set temperature (TRS, dehumidification set temperature) = 30 ° C., second set temperature (THS, dehumidification set temperature) = 3 ° C., drying time (DTS) = 1. 5hr, (2) After the drying operation is completed (temperature control operation), the set temperature of the luggage compartment 2A1 = 5 ° C., the set temperature of the luggage compartment 2A2 is 20 ° C.)
When both the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 are set to the first set temperature -25 ° C and the cooling operation is being executed, the control device 8A is provided with the first set temperature TRS = 30 ° C and the second set temperature THS in the drying operation. = 3 ° C., drying time DTS = 1.5hr, first set temperature 5 ° C. of the luggage compartment 2A1 after the completion of the drying operation, first set temperature 20 ° C. of the luggage compartment 2A2, and an instruction to start the drying operation is instructed. When input to the control device 8A, (a) the control device 8A compares the detection temperature (TRM1, TRM2) -25 ° C. of the first temperature detectors TR1 and TR2 with the first set temperature 30 ° C. to detect the inside of the luggage compartment. Since the temperature (TRM1, TRM2) -25 ° C. is lower than the first set temperature of 30 ° C., the piping unit 30A is controlled so as to execute the heating operation for the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2. As a result, the heating operation is started for the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2. (B) When the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 are heated and the detection temperatures (TRM1 and TRM2) of the first temperature detectors TR1 and TR2 reach the first set temperature of 30 ° C., the control device 8A stops the heating operation. If the defrosting end time (FES) has not been reached, the first set temperature is maintained until the defrosting holding time (FtS) is reached, and when the defrosting holding time (FtS) is reached, the cooling operation is executed. It is output to the piping unit 30A as described above. (C) When the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 are cooled and the detection temperature (THM) of the second set temperature detector TH reaches 3 ° C., the control device 8A stops the cooling operation and executes the heating operation. Output to the piping unit 30A. (D) The piping unit 30A is such that the control device 8A repeats the heating operation, the first set temperature holding, and the cooling operation for the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 until the predetermined drying time (DTS) of 1.5 hr is reached. When the predetermined drying time (DTS) of 1.5 hr is reached, the detection temperature (TRM) of the first set temperature detector TR is set to the first set temperature of 5 ° C. of the luggage compartment 2A1 after the drying time is reached, and the luggage compartment. 2 Perform a temperature control operation to maintain the set temperature of A2 at 20 ° C.

第１温度検知器ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２の取付位置は、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２の空気が室内熱交換器６Ａ１、６Ａ２に吸い込まれる空気の温度を検知する位置に取り付けられているので、検知される温度は、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２の荷室内温度分布の中で平均温度よりも荷室外の空気温度に近づく。 The first temperature detectors TR1 and TR2 are mounted at positions where the temperature of the air sucked into the indoor heat exchangers 6A1 and 6A2 by the air in the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2 is detected. , The air temperature outside the luggage compartment is closer than the average temperature in the luggage compartment temperature distribution of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2.

第２設定温度は、第１設定よりも低く、室内熱交換器６Ａ１、６Ａ２に着霜する温度よりも高く設定することで、効率よく除湿することができる。 The second set temperature is lower than the first setting and higher than the temperature at which the indoor heat exchangers 6A1 and 6A2 are frosted, so that dehumidification can be performed efficiently.

第１温度検知器ＴＲ１、ＴＲ２は、荷室２Ａ１、２Ａ２の温度を制御する際の荷室内代表温度を検知するセンサで代用し、第２温度検知器ＴＨ１、ＴＨ２はデフロスト終了を検知するセンサで代用することが可能で、この構成によると新たに温度検知器を設けることなく、荷室内壁面の乾燥を効率よく行える冷凍装置を構成することができる。 The first temperature detectors TR1 and TR2 are replaced by sensors that detect the representative temperature in the luggage compartment when controlling the temperatures of the luggage compartments 2A1 and 2A2, and the second temperature detectors TH1 and TH2 are sensors that detect the end of defrosting. It can be substituted, and according to this configuration, it is possible to configure a refrigerating device that can efficiently dry the wall surface of the luggage compartment without installing a new temperature detector.

１，１Ａ 冷凍車
２，２Ａ１，２Ａ２ 荷室
３，３Ａ 圧縮機
４，４Ａ 室外熱交換器
５，５Ａ 室外送風機
６，６Ａ１，６Ａ２ 室内熱交換器
７，７Ａ１，７Ａ２ 室内送風機
８，８Ａ 制御装置
９，９Ａ１，９Ａ２ ドレンパン
ＴＲ，ＴＲ１，ＴＲ２ 第１温度検知器
ＴＨ，ＴＨ１，ＴＨ２ 第２温度検知器
ＴＲＳ 第１設定温度（除霜設定温度）
ＴＨＳ 第２設定温度（除湿設定温度）
ＤＴＳ 乾燥時間（設定値）
ＦＥＳ 除霜終了時間（設定値）
ＦｔＳ 除霜保持時間（設定値）1,1A Refrigerator 2,2A1,2A2 Luggage room 3,3A Compressor 4,4A Outdoor heat exchanger 5,5A Outdoor blower 6,6A1,6A2 Indoor heat exchanger 7,7A1,7A2 Indoor blower 8,8A Control device 9,9A1,9A2 Drain pan TR, TR1, TR2 1st temperature detector TH, TH1, TH2 2nd temperature detector TRS 1st set temperature (defrosting set temperature)
THS 2nd set temperature (dehumidification set temperature)
DTS drying time (set value)
FES defrosting end time (set value)
FtS defrost retention time (set value)

Claims (9)

車両に架装された荷室の室内を冷却する冷却運転と、前記室内を加温する加温運転と、が切り替え可能な冷凍装置であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
該室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転との切り替えを制御する制御装置と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜モードの機能と、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿モードの機能と、
所定の乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜モードと前記除湿モードとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥モードの機能と、を有することを特徴とする冷凍装置。 It is a refrigerating device that can switch between a cooling operation that cools the interior of the luggage compartment mounted on the vehicle and a heating operation that heats the interior.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
An indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the indoor air,
An indoor blower compatible with the indoor heat exchanger,
The first temperature detector that detects the air temperature in the room and
With the indoor heat exchanger or the second temperature detector provided in the vicinity,
A control device for controlling switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the function of defrosting mode for executing the heating operation,
The function of the dehumidification mode that executes the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time until the second set temperature set below the first set temperature is reached, and the function of the dehumidification mode.
A freezing device having a function of a drying mode for executing a drying operation in which the defrosting mode and the dehumidifying mode are alternately repeated until a predetermined drying time is reached. 車両に架装された荷室の室内を２つに区画し、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を冷却する冷却運転と、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を加温する加温運転と、
一方の区画された室内を冷却し、他方の区画された室内を加温する冷加温運転と、
の３通りの運転が切り替え可能な冷凍装置であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
前記室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転と前記冷加温運転との切り替えを制御する制御装置と、
前記区画された室内のそれぞれに、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜モードの機能と、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿モードの機能と、
所定の乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜モードと前記除湿モードとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥モードの機能と、を有することを特徴とする冷凍装置。 The interior of the luggage compartment mounted on the vehicle is divided into two parts.
A cooling operation that cools at least one of the partitioned rooms,
A heating operation that heats at least one of the partitioned rooms,
Cooling and heating operation that cools one partitioned room and heats the other partitioned room,
It is a refrigerating device that can switch between the three types of operation.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
A control device that controls switching between the cooling operation, the heating operation, and the cooling / heating operation, and
In each of the compartments
An indoor heat exchanger for air heat exchanger of the indoor,
An indoor blower corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger,
A first temperature detector for detecting the air temperature of the indoor,
The room heat exchanger or a second temperature detector provided in the vicinity thereof is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the function of defrosting mode for executing the heating operation,
The function of the dehumidification mode that executes the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time until the second set temperature set below the first set temperature is reached, and the function of the dehumidification mode.
A freezing device having a function of a drying mode for executing a drying operation in which the defrosting mode and the dehumidifying mode are alternately repeated until a predetermined drying time is reached. 前記乾燥運転が前記乾燥時間に到達したときは、乾燥モードから温調モードに移行するとともに、前記加温運転および／または前記冷却運転を実行して、前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が室内設定温度となるように温調運転を実行する機能を有することを特徴とする、請求項１または２記載の冷凍装置。 When the drying operation reaches the drying time, the drying mode is shifted to the temperature control mode, the heating operation and / or the cooling operation is executed, and the temperature detected by the first temperature detector is set in the room. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the refrigerating apparatus has a function of executing a temperature control operation so as to reach a set temperature. 前記室内送風機の運転を連続あるいは断続して実行する機能を有することを特徴とする、請求項１乃至３記載の冷凍装置。 The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the indoor blower has a function of continuously or intermittently executing the operation of the indoor blower. 前記第１温度検知器は、前記室内熱交換器に流入する空気の温度を検知し、前記第２温度検知器は、前記室内熱交換器を通過した冷媒が流通する冷媒配管温度、前記室内熱交換器内部の冷媒配管温度、前記室内熱交換器のフィン温度、前記室内熱交換器を通過する冷媒の圧力から換算した飽和温度、冷媒配管内を通過する冷媒の温度を計測した冷媒温度のうち少なくとも１つ以上を検知する、ことを特徴とする請求項１乃至４記載の冷凍装置。 The first temperature detector detects the temperature of the air flowing into the indoor heat exchanger, and the second temperature detector is the temperature of the refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger flows, and the indoor heat. Of the refrigerant pipe temperature inside the exchanger, the fin temperature of the indoor heat exchanger, the saturation temperature converted from the pressure of the refrigerant passing through the indoor heat exchanger, and the refrigerant temperature obtained by measuring the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1 to 4, wherein at least one is detected. 車両に架装された荷室の室内を冷却する冷却運転と、前記室内を加温する加温運転と、が切り替え可能な冷凍装置の運転方法であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
該室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転の切り替えを制御する制御装置と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜ステップと、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿ステップと、
乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜ステップと前記除湿ステップとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする冷凍装置の運転方法。 It is an operation method of a refrigerating device that can switch between a cooling operation for cooling the interior of a luggage compartment mounted on a vehicle and a heating operation for heating the interior.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
An indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the indoor air,
An indoor blower compatible with the indoor heat exchanger,
The first temperature detector that detects the air temperature in the room and
With the indoor heat exchanger or the second temperature detector provided in the vicinity,
A control device for controlling switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the defrosting executing the heating operation,
A dehumidification step of executing the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time required to reach the second set temperature set to be equal to or lower than the first set temperature.
A method for operating a freezing device, comprising a drying step of executing a drying operation in which the defrosting step and the dehumidifying step are alternately repeated until a drying time is reached. 車両に架装された荷室の室内を２つに区画し、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を冷却する冷却運転と、
区画された室内の少なくとも一方を加温する加温運転と、
一方の区画された室内を冷却し、他方の区画された室内を加温する冷加温運転と、
の３通りの運転が切り替え可能な冷凍装置の運転方法であって、
冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
荷室外の空気と熱交換する室外熱交換器と、
前記室外熱交換器に対応した室外送風機と、
前記冷却運転と前記加温運転の切り替えを制御する制御装置と、
区画された前記室内のそれぞれに、
前記室内の空気と熱交換する室内熱交換器と、
該室内熱交換器に対応した室内送風機と、
前記室内の空気温度を検知する第１温度検知器と、
前記室内熱交換器または近傍に設けた第２温度検知器と、を備え、
除霜終了時間に到達するまで前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が第１設定温度となるように、前記加温運転を実行する除霜ステップと、
前記第２温度検知器の検知温度が前記第１設定温度以下に設定された第２設定温度に到達するまでの時間に到達するまで前記冷却運転を実行する除湿ステップと、
乾燥時間に到達するまで前記除霜ステップと前記除湿ステップとを交互に繰り返す乾燥運転を実行する乾燥ステップと、を含むことを特徴とする冷凍装置の運転方法。 The interior of the luggage compartment mounted on the vehicle is divided into two parts.
A cooling operation that cools at least one of the partitioned rooms,
A heating operation that heats at least one of the partitioned rooms,
Cooling and heating operation that cools one partitioned room and heats the other partitioned room,
It is an operation method of the refrigeration system that can switch between the three types of operation.
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
An outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the air outside the luggage compartment,
An outdoor blower compatible with the outdoor heat exchanger,
A control device that controls switching between the cooling operation and the heating operation,
In each of the compartments
An indoor heat exchanger for air heat exchanger of the indoor,
An indoor blower corresponding to the indoor heat exchanger,
A first temperature detector for detecting the air temperature of the indoor,
The room heat exchanger or a second temperature detector provided in the vicinity thereof is provided.
So that the detected temperature of the first temperature detector to reach the defrost completion time is first set temperature, the defrosting executing the heating operation,
A dehumidification step of executing the cooling operation until the detection temperature of the second temperature detector reaches the time required to reach the second set temperature set to be equal to or lower than the first set temperature.
A method for operating a freezing device, comprising a drying step of executing a drying operation in which the defrosting step and the dehumidifying step are alternately repeated until a drying time is reached. 前記乾燥ステップが前記乾燥時間に到達したときは、乾燥ステップから温調ステップに移行するとともに、前記加温運転および／または前記冷却運転を実行して、前記第１温度検知器の検知温度が室内設定温度となるように温調運転を実行する温調ステップを含むことを特徴とする、請求項６または７記載の冷凍装置の運転方法。 When the drying step reaches the drying time, the drying step is shifted to the temperature control step, and the heating operation and / or the cooling operation is executed, so that the temperature detected by the first temperature detector is indoors. The operation method of the refrigerating apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the temperature control step for executing the temperature control operation to reach a set temperature is included. 前記室内送風機の運転を連続あるいは断続して実行するステップを有することを特徴とする、請求項６乃至８記載の冷凍装置の運転方法。 The method for operating a refrigerating apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a step of continuously or intermittently executing the operation of the indoor blower.
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