JP6966674B2 - Road data creation method, road data creation device and program - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a road data creation method for creating road data, and a road data creation device and program. In particular, the present invention relates to a road data creation method, a road data creation device, and a program that can easily create three-dimensional road data.

Road shape Traditionally, road design has been to build a road alignment, and the road alignment consists of a central alignment (Line, Profile) and a cross alignment (Cross Spec). Will be done.
Each alignment is composed of points (stations) that compose the alignment, but the road alignment is variously defined not only by these stations but also by "points" related to the road alignment. The "station" and "related points" will be described in detail in the "terms" of the paragraph "0007".
The central alignment is a shape in which the center line of the road is drawn three-dimensionally. In the central alignment, the shape of the road center line seen in a plane is called a plane alignment, and the shape of the road center line seen in a longitudinal direction is called a plane alignment. It is called vertical alignment. In addition, the alignment seen from the front in the direction of travel of the road is called a transverse alignment.

(1) Alignment on a plane (alignment when the road is viewed from above)
The horizontal alignment is a central alignment that can be seen when the road is viewed from above. Alignment is composed of straight lines, circles, transition curves, and the like. Points related to this horizontal alignment include IP (intersection point), BC (curve start point), EC (curve end point), BP (road start point), EP (road end point), and NOXXX (points other than those on the left). , Etc. can be mentioned.
A schematic diagram of the horizontal alignment is shown in FIG. FIG. 30 is a so-called plan view, and a horizontal alignment is formed by connecting station 10s on the center line of the road. In FIG. 30, it is shown that the stations 10 are connected to each other to form a horizontal alignment. Note that FIG. 30 is a plan view, and the vertical axis is the Y-axis and the horizontal axis is the X-axis.

(2) Vertical alignment (alignment when the road is viewed from the side)
The vertical alignment is a central alignment that can be seen when the road is viewed from the side (longitudinal view). Vertical alignment is composed of straight lines and vertical curves. Examples of points related to this longitudinal alignment include CL (center point of the road), RXXX (point on the right side of the road), LXXX (point on the left side of the road), and the like.
A schematic diagram of the longitudinal alignment is shown in FIG. FIG. 31 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the road along the road, and a longitudinal alignment is formed by connecting the heights (Z-axis) of the station 10 on the center line of the road along the road. FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view in the vertical direction. As described above, the vertical axis is the height, that is, the Z axis, the horizontal axis is the center line (upper position) of the road, and the station 10 on the center line is. It is represented.

(3) Transverse alignment (alignment when the road is viewed from the front)
The cross-sectional alignment is the alignment of the road surface that can be seen when the road is viewed from the front. The transverse line is composed of straight lines and curves. Points related to this horizontal alignment include the same types of points as the planar alignment except for IP.
A schematic diagram of the transverse alignment is shown in FIG. FIG. 32 is a so-called cross-sectional view of a road, which is a cross-sectional view when the road is cut perpendicularly to the road at the center point CL on the center line of the road, and the cross-sectional line is a cross-sectional linear line. In FIG. 32, each station 10 (CL, L1, R1, etc.) indicated by a white circle is connected, and a cross-sectional alignment is shown by a broken line. In FIG. 32, the black circles are the actual survey points before the road is constructed, and the one connecting them is the surface shape of the actual land cross section before the road is constructed. By creating this surface shape, it becomes the shape of the road (cross-linear) shown by the broken line.

Creating these "linearities" is the design of traditional roads. In the conventional road design, it is necessary for a human to input the road shape each time, which requires complicated work. Further, even in the above-mentioned horizontal alignment and the like, since each station is actually three-dimensional data, the work is more complicated.

Term "station"
Creating road data means creating points that make up the road alignment ((CL: center point), etc.) as data, but the points that make up these road alignments (planar alignment, vertical alignment, transverse alignment). Is called a "alignment point".
"Points related to road composition""Pointsrelated"
Not only "stations" such as CL, which is the road composition itself, but also other points (IP: intersections, etc.) for defining the road alignment are appropriately used for creating road data. Therefore, in this patent, the "sokuten" and other points for defining the road alignment are combined to form "points related to road composition", "points related to road alignment", or simply "related". Collectively referred to as "points to do".

Prior Patent Document The following Patent Document 1 discloses a road shape information input / storage device mounted on a vehicle and used. According to the invention described in the same document 1, road structure information such as road alignment information is input to each road element constituting the road model to generate road shape information, and the road shape information is stored. ,indicate. Therefore, since a database of road shape information can be constructed, it is not necessary for the vehicle to survey the road shape, and it is said that the burden on the vehicle is reduced.

Japanese Patent No. 2987436

In the conventional road design, in any case, it is necessary to give the data of the road having a three-dimensional shape as the three-dimensional data, and it is a complicated task for the user to create the road shape of the three-dimensional data. Therefore, the burden on the user who designs the road was heavy.
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a road data creation method and a road data creation device capable of designing a road by a simpler method.

In order to solve such a problem, the inventor of the present application has found a mechanism that facilitates the creation of road data by easily inputting three-dimensional data using a three-dimensional terrain model. Based on this principle, the invention having the following configuration has been completed.

(1) The present invention is a method for creating road data in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, that is, a display step for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model on a display unit, and the above-mentioned 3 displayed on the display unit in the display step. On the dimensional terrain model, an input step for inputting a point related to the road alignment having the coordinates of the point indicated by the user using the pointing device, and a road using the point related to the input road alignment. A road including a road alignment creation step for creating a alignment, and the input step is characterized in that the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the input point. It is a data creation method.

(2) Further, the present invention is the road data creation method according to (1), wherein the point related to the road alignment is an IP point.

(3) The road according to (1) or (2), wherein the road alignment is one or more of a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, and a transverse alignment. It is a data creation method.

(4) Further, the present invention is characterized in that the road alignment creation step includes an adjustment step for adjusting the R (radius of curvature) of a point in the road data, any of (1) to (3). This is the road data creation method described in item 1.

(5) The road according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the road alignment creation step includes a movement step for moving a point in the road data. Data creation method.

(6) Further, in the movement step, the present invention is the point to be moved without changing the positions of points other than the point to be moved and R in the road data. The road data creation method according to (5), characterized in that the vehicle is moved.

(7) The road alignment creation step includes a horizontal alignment step of forming a line by connecting points input in the input step with line segments in the input order, and the horizontal alignment step includes a horizontal alignment step. The road according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein stations are provided at a predetermined pitch on the formed line to create a horizontal alignment including the provided stations. It is a data creation method.

(8) The road alignment creation step is a vertical alignment step for creating a vertical alignment, which is data in which the heights of the points are arranged in the order of the points based on the points input in the input step.
In the vertical alignment step, the vertical alignment is displayed together with the gradient at each point, and it is possible for the user to determine whether or not the vertical gradient limitation is satisfied based on the displayed gradient (. The road data creation method according to any one of 1) to (3).

(9) The vertical alignment step displays the vertical alignment with a gradient at each point.
When the point set as a gradient change point by the user is moved by the user, the point other than the gradient change point is moved according to the movement of the moved gradient change point. (8) The road data creation method described.

(10) When the road alignment creation step crosses the road on a plane perpendicular to a line segment between the point and another point adjacent to the point, based on the point input in the input step. The road data creation method according to any one of (1) to (3), which includes a cross-sectional line step for creating a cross-sectional line which is a cross section of the road.

(11) The present invention is a road data creation device for solving the above problems, and is used on a display unit that displays a three-dimensional terrain model and the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit. A road alignment is created using an input unit for inputting a point related to the road alignment having the coordinates of a point indicated by a person using a pointing device and a point related to the road alignment input by the input unit. The input unit includes a road alignment creating unit, and the input unit is a road data creating device characterized in that the height of a three-dimensional terrain model at a position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the input point. ..

(12) The present invention is a road data creation program for operating a computer as the road data creation device according to (11) in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.
A road having a display procedure for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model on a display unit and coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display procedure. An input procedure for inputting points related to the alignment and a road alignment creation procedure for creating a road alignment using the input points related to the road alignment are executed, and the input points are executed in the input procedure. This is a road data creation program characterized in that the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the road.

As described above, according to the present invention, road data composed of three-dimensional data can be easily created as compared with the conventional case.

It is a block diagram of the composition of the computer 102 as a road data creating apparatus 100. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the road data creation method. It is explanatory drawing which showed the state of the operation of input | inputting the IP point etc. 302 on the schematic diagram which showed the state of displaying the 3D terrain model. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the horizontal alignment which input the IP point etc. 402A. It is explanatory drawing explaining the operation which adjusts R of IP. It is explanatory drawing explaining the operation which performs the movement of IP. It is a completed conceptual diagram of horizontal alignment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the height of each station of the completed road alignment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the adjustment of the altitude. It is explanatory drawing of the screen which displayed the longitudinal alignment of the created road data. It is a table which shows the value of FH, GH of each station of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode that the GH and FH of the station are displayed by hovering the mouse over the station. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state that the gradient change point was set by clicking the mouse 110. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state that GH and FH are changed by dragging a gradient change point, and a guideline 502 is displayed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the vertical line with the updated elevation. No. In addition to 4, station No. 6 is also an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the gradient change point is used. EP is also an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the altitude is changed in addition to the gradient change point. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state that the altitude was updated also at the station other than the gradient change point. It is explanatory drawing 1 explaining operation of enlargement / reduction of a screen. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram 2 for explaining the operation of enlarging / reducing the screen. It is explanatory drawing 1 explaining the operation of the horizontal movement of a road on a screen. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram 2 for explaining the operation of the horizontal movement of the road on the screen. It is explanatory drawing which shows the appearance that the plane of the planar type which is the basis of a transverse linearity extends from a station. It is a cross-sectional view in a planar plane of a surface, and is an explanatory view showing the height of the ground. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram in which stations L1 and R1 are plotted. FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram in which a station L2 is further plotted in order to set a cut substage. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram in which the station L3 is further plotted. FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram in which the station L4 is further plotted. FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram of a cross-sectional alignment completed by further setting a small embankment step with respect to FIG. 28. It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal alignment. It is a schematic diagram of a vertical line. It is a schematic diagram of a transverse line.

Hereinafter, the flow of the road data creation process according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Principle In the flow of creating road data in this embodiment, an IP point (intersection point) of horizontal alignment is determined, and the radius (R value) of the curve, the start point (BC) and the end point (EC) of the curve are based on the IP point (intersection point). One of the features is the method of fixing the position by operating the user's mouse. When such position determination is executed, the horizontal alignment, the vertical alignment, and the horizontal alignment are automatically calculated based on the preset template settings.

A. Configuration In the present embodiment, the road data creation method based on such a principle is executed by using the road data creation device 100. Specifically, the road data creating device 100 is realized by executing a predetermined road design program on a computer 102 as shown in FIG. 1, and executes a road data creating method as described below. do.
The computer 102 in FIG. 1 is a computer 102 that functions as a data creation device 100 by operating a road data creation program.
The computer 102 includes a display 104, a main body 106, a keyboard 108, a mouse 110, and the like.
As will be described later, the display 104 is a means for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model, IP points, and the like, and corresponds to a suitable example of the display unit of the claims.

The main body 106 includes a video interface 112, a CPU 114, a memory 116, an input / output interface 118, and a hard disk 120. These configurations within the body 106 are connected to each other by a bus 122 (FIG. 1).
The video interface 112 is an interface that connects the main body 106 and the display 104. Various standards such as HDMI (registered trademark) may be adopted.
The CPU 114 is a processor that executes a road data creation program or the like to realize the road data creation device 100, and realizes the road data creation method described below. Each operation of the road data creation method described later is realized by the CPU 114 executing the road data creation program.

The memory 116 is used to store data for performing various processes and a program for executing the memory 116.
The input / output interface 118 is an interface for connecting the keyboard 108 and the mouse 110. For example, USB or the like may be used.
The hard disk 120 is a storage unit for storing data and programs. It is preferable to store a three-dimensional terrain model or the like, which will be described later, in the hard disk 120 and read it out for processing differences.
The keyboard 108 and the mouse 110 are used for the user to operate and give a desired instruction or the like. The mouse 110 corresponds to a preferred example of a pointing device in the claims. In the present embodiment, the mouse 110 is used, but a pointing device such as a trackball or a touch panel may be used, and these also correspond to a suitable example of the pointing device within the claims.

Road data format and others In this embodiment, the road data to be created conforms to the so-called LandXML1.2. An example of describing Alignment in it as horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, and transverse alignment will be described. In addition, the file format of the "surface" to be used shall also conform to LandXML1.2. For example, a 3D terrain model is displayed on display 104 in a "surface" of this format. However, other formats may be used as the road data, and other formats may be used as the format of the three-dimensional terrain model.

B. Operation (explained centering on horizontal alignment)
A flowchart of the road data creation method according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG. Hereinafter, the operation will be described according to the flowchart of FIG.

Conventionally, IP points and the like are input by handwriting with a mouse or a touch panel, and this work requires a great deal of labor as described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, a method of inputting an IP point or the like by clicking a mouse on a three-dimensional terrain model is adopted. A new input mode for inputting an IP point or the like by such a method is referred to as a "point input mode" in the present embodiment. On the other hand, a mode in which an IP point or the like is input by handwriting with a conventional mouse or touch panel is called a "handwriting mode".

(1) Display of 3D terrain model First, in step S2-1 of FIG. 2, the 3D terrain model is input and displayed on the display. The 3D terrain model uses the LandXML1.2 surface format as the surface as described above. This surface data has been photographed in advance and stored in, for example, the hard disk 120. The CPU 114 is executing a road data creation program also stored in the hard disk 120, and the operation causes the three-dimensional terrain model 300 to be displayed on the display 104. This situation is shown in FIG. The operation in step S2-1 corresponds to a suitable example of the display step of the claims.

(2) Input of IP points and the like 302 In step S2-2, the user inputs the IP points and the like 302. What is characteristic of this embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 3, the user can operate the mouse 110 to input the IP point or the like 302 while the three-dimensional terrain model 300 is displayed. .. That is, the user clicks the mouse at a desired point (point) on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 to input and set an IP point or the like 302 having the coordinates of that point. Step S2-2 corresponds to a suitable example of the input step of the claims.

More specifically, by moving the mouse cursor to a desired location (point) on the 3D terrain model 300 and pressing (clicking) a button provided on the mouse in that state, the 3D terrain model can be displayed. It is possible to input the position of the mouse as the coordinates of 302 such as the IP point. This position (coordinate) is a position on a plane and is represented by latitude and mildness, but may be called so-called X coordinate or Y coordinate. In the present embodiment, they are simply called X-coordinates and Y-coordinates, but their essence is a position on a plane of the ground surface, which is the same coordinate as a position represented by latitude and mildness.

In order to enable such an operation, it is sufficient that the X-coordinate and the Y-coordinate on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 are known, and the X-coordinate and the Y-coordinate may be read from the position of the mouse cursor. Reading the X and Y coordinates on a map as an image is widely practiced in the field of maps, and it is easy for a person skilled in the art to construct such a computer program.
In the present embodiment, such a computer program, a CPU 114 for executing the program, a mouse 110, an input / output interface 118 for inputting data of the mouse 110, and an input unit within the range of the claim are configured. The computer program corresponds to a preferred example of the road data creation program in the claims, and may be stored in, for example, a hard disk 120 or the like.

Another characteristic feature of this embodiment is that the 3D terrain model 300 used has not only X-coordinates and Y-coordinates but also height-direction coordinates (Z-coordinates) as data. be. Therefore, not only the X and Y coordinates of the input IP point and the like 302 but also the Z coordinate of the point can be input. That is, what is characteristic of this embodiment is that the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the IP point is input is adopted as the height of the input (IP) point.

In this way, according to the present embodiment, the IP points and the like 302 can be easily input by using the three-dimensional terrain model 300.
In the present embodiment, an example of inputting 302 such as an IP point has been described, but any point may be input as long as it is related to the road alignment. The operation in this step S2-2 corresponds to a preferred example of the input step of the point related to the road setting of the claims.

FIG. 4 shows a specific explanatory diagram of the state of the screen of the display when the IP point or the like is input. The user designates points on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 of the display 104 as shown in the figure. Each point is connected by a line in the specified order (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Each point is specified by, for example, left-clicking the mouse 110. The first clicked point becomes the BP (Beginning Point start point) 400, and the second and subsequent points are treated as the IP (Intersection Point intersection) 402. The end of a series of inputs is indicated by pressing the Esc key. That is, when the Esc key is pressed, the point immediately before that is EP (End Point end point) 404. In this way, the initial data of one road alignment (planar alignment) is created.

In the initial state, the IP402 is installed at the position of the clicked 3D terrain model (surface). That is, the height of the IP402 is set to be the same as the position of the three-dimensional terrain model 300 at the position where the IP402 is installed. After that, the height of the IP402 can be changed by automatic calculation (described later) by template setting or the like or by the user's operation (described later).

Further, when the user clicks the mouse 110 again on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 of the display 104, it is the start of the input of the new road alignment. That is, the point specified by the click becomes BP (Beginning Point start point) 400, and is treated as IP (Intersection Point intersection) 402 from the second time onward. The BP400 and EP404 are road alignment (planar alignment), but the IP402 is not the road alignment itself. However, IP402 is also a point related to road alignment like BP400 and EP404.
In this way, any number of road alignments (initial data) of one or more can be created.
It is also preferable to design the program so that the user selects the end of the point input mode from the menu or the like to return to the conventional handwriting mode.

(2) Adjustment of R Next, in step S2-3, the R (radius of curvature) of the IP is adjusted. An explanatory diagram showing an example of the adjustment operation is shown in FIG. In this example, the state of adjustment of R of IP402A is shown. First, the user clicks the IP402A to be adjusted and puts it in the selected state. In the selected state, BC (Beginning Curve single curve start point) EC (End Curve single curve end point) related to IP402A is displayed (see FIG. 5).
Step S2-3 corresponds to a suitable example of the adjustment step of the claims.
By moving the mouse in that state, the R of IP402A can be adjusted. In the example of FIG. 5, the user is shown moving the mouse 110 in the directions of the arrows A1 and A2. In accordance with this movement, the BC around the IP402A and the EC move. In FIG. 5, BC moves in the direction of arrow B1 and EC moves in the direction of arrow B2. Along with these movements, the guideline 500 also moves as shown in FIG. 5, and R is adjusted.
The operation in step S2-3 also corresponds to a preferred example of the road alignment creation step in the claims. Hereinafter, steps S2-3 to S2-7 correspond to a part of the road alignment creation process, respectively, and correspond to suitable examples that can be included in the road alignment creation step of the claims.
Hereinafter, steps S2-3 to S2-7 will be described as an example of the road alignment creation process, but the road alignment creation process does not necessarily include all the processes. For example, if it is not necessary to modify R, step S2-3 may not be executed. If it is not necessary to move the IP, step S2-4 may not be executed. Further, when creating only the horizontal alignment, it is not necessary to execute steps S2-6 and S2-7 described later.
Further, such a road alignment creation process (steps S2-3 to S2-7) is executed from a computer program describing the corresponding operation and the CPU 114 that executes the computer program, and these configurations are claimed. It corresponds to a suitable example of the road alignment creation part of the range. The computer program may be stored in, for example, the hard disk 120, or may be appropriately read out on the memory 116 at the time of execution.

In the case of the example of FIG. 5, EC moves, but its limit value is up to the next IP402B. EC does not move beyond IP402B. Further, in the case of the example of FIG. 5, BC also moves, but the limit value is up to BP400, which is the previous point. BC does not move beyond BP400.
Next, when the user clicks the button of the mouse 110, the positions of EC and EP are determined, and as a result, R is determined. R can be adjusted as described above. Further, although the adjustment of R for the IP402A has been described here, the adjustment of the R of the other IP402 can be performed by repeating the same processing for the other IP402 (B to D).

(3) IP movement Next, in step S2-4, the IP402B is moved. An explanatory diagram showing an example of the moving operation is shown in FIG. In this example, the movement of IP402B is shown. First, the user can move the IP402B to be moved by dragging it using the mouse 110. In this state, the positions of the BCs and BEs change while maintaining the IPs and Rs of the curves adjacent to the IP402B (while maintaining the positions and values). In other words, the program of the computer 102 changes the positions of BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 so as not to change the positions of the adjacent IPs and R (see FIG. 6). That is, each time the user moves the IP402B, the program (CPU 114 that executes the program) changes BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 accordingly and displays them on the display 104 in real time. ..
The process of step S2-4 corresponds to a preferred example of the moving step of the claims.

In FIG. 6, when the user moves the IP402B along the arrow C, the black arrows show how the BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 move accordingly.

When the drag is completed and the user releases the button of the mouse 110, the position of the IP402B is fixed. As shown in FIG. 6, BC1 and EC1 happen to change their positions while maintaining R and IP. Similarly, both BC2 and EC2 happen to change their positions while maintaining R and IP, and BC3 and EC3 also happen to change their positions while maintaining R and IP. In FIG. 6, a circle representing the size of R (the radius of this circle is R (radius of curvature)) is drawn, but the size of R does not change before and after the movement (large). Has not changed).

What is characteristic of this embodiment is that the IP can be moved without changing R. Therefore, in this embodiment,
-Move BC and EC around the IP.
-By moving the BC and EC around the IP adjacent to the IP, the movement of the IP is realized without changing the R of the IP. In other words, adjustments are made in real time to move each of the above BCs and ECs little by little so that R does not change. This is realized by the CPU 114 executing a program (stored in the hard disk 120 or the like) having such an adjustment function.

It is easy for a person skilled in the art to create a program that automatically adjusts another parameter so that a predetermined parameter is not changed when one parameter is changed.
The IP can be moved as described above. Further, although the IP402B has been moved here, the other IP402 may be moved by repeating the same process on the other IP402s (A, C to D).

Example of operation As described above, in the present embodiment, in the change of R (step S2-3), the target IP is clicked (pressed and then released) to select, and then the mouse is moved. R can be changed by. This operation in the present embodiment corresponds to a preferable example of the operation for changing the R value, but other operation methods may be used. If the operation of specifying the target IP and the operation of changing R are included, another operation may be adopted. For example, a menu such as "Change R" may be inserted in the program menu so that the user can select the menu.

Further, in the movement of the IP (step S2-4), the movement of the IP is realized by moving the target IP by dragging the mouse 110. This operation in the present embodiment corresponds to a preferred example of the IP movement operation, but other operation methods may be used. If the operation of specifying the target IP and the operation of moving the target IP are included, another operation may be adopted. For example, a menu such as "Move IP" may be included in the program menu, and the user may be made to select the menu.

(4) Determination of horizontal alignment Next, in step S2-5, determination of the planar alignment is performed. In this step, when the user presses the Esc key, a confirmation dialog "Do you want to confirm the horizontal alignment?" Is displayed on the display 104, and when the user selects "Yes", it is predetermined. Alignment is performed according to the pitch setting. As a result, the horizontal alignment is fixed. A confirmed planar linear conceptual diagram is shown in FIG. Stations are appropriately provided at a predetermined pitch, and line differentiation is performed. The pitch setting is a part of the template setting. Various settings have been made in advance for the template settings.
Step S2-5 corresponds to a preferred example of a planar linear step in the claims.

The height of each station is the same as the height of the displayed surface (three-dimensional terrain model). This situation is shown in FIG. Since the height does not appear in the horizontal alignment diagram, FIG. 8 is shown in a vertical sectional view for convenience. In FIG. 8, the solid line is the ground (ground) before the road is constructed, and is the height of the three-dimensional terrain model. The dashed line is the alignment of the road to be planned. In FIG. 8, the height of the actual ground (the height of the three-dimensional terrain model) shown by the surface and the height of each station of the road alignment (shown by the broken line in FIG. 8) are the same. It is shown that (Fig. 8).

The horizontal alignment (road data) created in this way may be stored in, for example, a hard disk 120 or the like. Further, it may be stored in another storage device.
The road data creation method according to the present embodiment can be realized by the computer 102 executing the road data creation program that realizes the operation. In executing the road data creation program, it is preferable to make various settings in the template settings before creating the actual road data.

C. Template setting The details (of each parameter) of the template setting used in this road data creation method (road data creation program) will be described below. These parameters may be used in steps S2-5 and the like described above. These parameters (template settings) may be stored in, for example, a hard disk 120 or the like. Further, it may be stored in another storage device. It may be stored in a different storage device for each user. It suffices if it is stored in a place where this road data creation method (road data creation program) can be used as appropriate.

(1) Pitch The interval (m) at which stations are placed on the center line of the road. In FIG. 7, the horizontal alignment is formed by adding stations based on the pitch.
(2) Vertical profile limit Specify the vertical gradient limit (%). The slope is a percentage of the height relative to the horizontal distance.
(3) Width The so-called width (m). For example, there is a description of the width in the explanatory diagram of the transverse alignment in FIG.

(4) Cut slope Specify the cut slope (1: n). n indicates the horizontal size when the height of the cut is 1.
(5) Cut sub-stage This parameter includes "reference elevation" and "height".
For the reference altitude, specify the altitude (m) that is the basis for creating the small steps. The height specifies the height (m) of how many m steps are to be created.
(6) Cut small step width Specify the cut small step width (m).

(7) Embankment slope Specify the embankment slope (1: n). n indicates the horizontal size when the height of the embankment is 1.
(8) Embankment sub-stage This parameter includes "reference elevation" and "height".
For the reference altitude, specify the altitude (m) that is the basis for creating the small steps. The height specifies the height (m) of how many m steps are to be created.
(9) Embankment small step width Specify the embankment small step width (m).
(10) Whether or not to make the small steps parallel to the road If the flag is valid, the small steps are designed to be parallel to the road. When forming a small step, the small step is always formed according to the height of the cut small step and the height of the embankment small step from the height of the road surface.

D. Longitudinal Alignment In this embodiment, an example of creating a longitudinal alignment is described following the creation of the plane alignment described above. Following step S2-5 of FIG. 2, the vertical line is created in step S2-6. Step S2-6 corresponds to a preferred example of a longitudinal linear step in the claims.

(1) Basic operation for creating a vertical alignment In step S2-6, the user selects, for example, "Create vertical alignment" from the menu, and the vertical alignment is applied to the computer 102 (which is also a road data creation device). Instruct to create.
Then, the computer 102 (CPU 114 for executing the program) creates a vertical alignment from the plane alignment which is the road data created in step S2-5. The horizontal alignment is composed of a plurality of stations as described above. As described with reference to FIG. 31, each station has X-coordinates, Y-coordinates, and height (Z-coordinates) values obtained from the three-dimensional terrain model. The height (Z coordinate) of this data is arranged in the order of each station in the vertical line (see FIGS. 8, 31, etc.).

In step S2-6, it is further confirmed whether or not there is a gradient larger than the vertical gradient limit of the template setting. As a result of such confirmation, if there is a gradient larger than the longitudinal gradient limit, the altitude is adjusted. If there is no slope greater than the superelevation limit, the elevation (height) is adjusted.
The state of elevation adjustment is shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the solid line (surface) represents the current ground height by the three-dimensional terrain model. In FIG. 9, the broken line is the road data to be created, that is, the road alignment (here, the vertical alignment). Hereinafter, the same description method is adopted for FIGS. 10, 12 to 29, and 31.

As shown in the example of FIG. 9, the gradient of the line segment between each station is calculated first. This value is shown at the top of FIG. 9 and was 10%, 12%, 17%, 17%, 12% and 10%. Of this, 17% is larger than the gradient limit, so the altitude of the fourth station is lowered. The stations before the altitude is lowered are indicated by white circles, and the stations after the altitude is lowered are indicated by black circles (Fig. 9). As a result, the gradients on both sides of the fourth station (central station) become 15%, which satisfies the gradient limit.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the vertical alignment is displayed on the display 104 together with the gradient of each station (line segment between them), so that the user can easily determine which station should be adjusted in elevation. can do.
As a result, the gradient of the line segment between all stations satisfies the gradient limit.

(2) Operation of changing the altitude (height) of the created vertical alignment Further, in the present embodiment, the elevation adjustment of the vertical alignment is uniquely devised. The road data creation method of the present embodiment provides a function of changing the altitude of the whole point instead of changing the altitude of one point.
That is, the road data creating device 102 has introduced a function of changing the altitude of other points (stations) by using the point (station) whose altitude has been changed as the gradient change point. In other words, this function was introduced into the road data creation program to realize a more user-friendly road data creation method.

First, FIG. 10 shows a screen (displayed on the display 104) for displaying the created longitudinal alignment. By default, the entire vertical alignment is displayed, but zooming in and out is possible. The display interval of each station is based on the distance between the stations.
In FIG. 10, the solid line is the height of the current ground, and the broken line is the height of the design road. Each station in the vertical line in FIG. 10 has a station name and a gradient. The gradient is the gradient of the line segment connecting that station to the next station. Further, in the present embodiment, the GH (m), FH (m), and longitudinal gradient of each station can be displayed as a table on the display 104, and the values themselves in this table can be edited. An example of this table is shown in FIG. For example, FH (m) of this table (FIG. 11) displayed on the display 104 can be edited. In addition, FH (Formation Height) represents the height of the planned (designed) road, and GH (Ground Height) represents the height of the current ground.
Elevation adjustment

Further, in the present embodiment ,. As shown in FIG. 10, it is also possible to display the longitudinal alignment on the display 104 and adjust the altitude (height) by operating on this display.
First, FIG. 12 is an example in which the longitudinal alignment is displayed on the display 104 in the same manner as in FIG. 10, and the central No. 12 is shown. This is a display example when the mouse cursor is placed on the station of 4. As shown in this figure, when the (mouse) cursor is superimposed on the station (mouseover), the GH and FH at that station are displayed, so the user knows the specific difference in altitude. It is convenient (see Fig. 12).

Next, when the button of the mouse 110 is clicked from the state of FIG. 12, the station (No. 4) becomes the gradient change point. This situation is shown in FIG. Although not always clearly shown in the display of FIG. 13, the fact that the gradient change point has been reached is displayed on the display 104 due to the change in the color of the station.

The elevation of the station (No. 4) that has become this gradient change point can be changed by a drag operation. At that time, the display values of GH and FH also change, and the ride line 502 is also displayed. This situation is shown in FIG. Guideline 502 is shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. In addition, the elevations of other stations are also changed with BP (start point) and EP (end point) as fixed points. When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 14 and the drag is finished, the figure on the display 104 and the value in the table shown in FIG. 11 are updated. An example of the updated figure is shown in FIG. In this way, the BP and EP can be fixed and the altitude can be updated together with other stations (other than No. 4). As shown in FIG. 15, this update also updates the image on the display 104, but also updates the data in the original table (table shown in FIG. 11).

Multiple Designated Gradient Change Points A plurality of gradient change points can be set. From the state of FIG. 14, the station No. In addition to 4, station No. By clicking No. 6, the station No. An example in which 6 is also a gradient change point is shown in FIG. Since these gradient change points, BP, and EP are fixed points, other elevations are changed. In this case (FIG. 16), the guideline 504 (dashed-dotted line) is different from the guideline 502 of FIG. 14 (see FIGS. 14 and 16). When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 16 and the drag is finished, the figure on the display 104 and the value in the table shown in FIG. 11 are updated. This is similar to FIGS. 14-15.
After this update, you can click on the station to set the gradient change point. For example, by clicking EP, this EP can be set as the gradient change point. The altitude of the EP set at this gradient change point can also be changed by dragging the mouse 110 as described above.

An example in which the altitude is changed by dragging the EP, which is the newly set gradient change point, is shown in FIG. Guideline 504 (gradient change point) is drawn by this new gradient change point (EP). When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 17 and the drag is finished, the figure on the display 104 and the value in the table (shown in FIG. 11) are updated. An example of the updated figure is shown in FIG. In this way, the BP and EP can be fixed and the altitude can be updated together with other stations (other than No. 4 and No. 6).

(3) Enlarging and reducing the screen In addition, the screen for changing the altitude can be enlarged and reduced. FIG. 19 shows an example of a vertical linear display before scaling. As explained above, the solid line is the current ground (ground), and the dashed line is the alignment of the road to be planned. This vertical alignment and the cursor (arrow) of the mouse 110 are shown on the display 104.
When the wheel of the mouse 110 is rotated forward from the state of FIG. 19, enlargement is executed. An example of the enlarged screen is shown in FIG. In this way, the enlargement is performed around the cursor. It expands continuously as the wheel rotates. Further, if the wheel is turned backward from the state of FIG. 20, the reverse operation, that is, reduction is performed, and the state of FIG. 19 can be returned to.

(4) Movement In addition, on the screen for changing the altitude, the part to be displayed can be moved. FIG. 21 shows an example of a vertical linear display similar to that in FIG. From this state, by dragging the mouse 110 while clicking the wheel button of the mouse 110, the displayed portion can be moved.

From the state of FIG. 21, when the user drags the mouse 110 to the left while clicking the wheel button of the mouse 110, the displayed portion can be moved to the left.
As a result, the portion on the right side is displayed on the display 104, and the portion on the left side is not displayed outside the screen. This situation is shown in FIG. It should be noted that such a movement amount can be continuously controlled in proportion to the drag amount. Further, if the mouse is dragged to the right from the state of FIG. 22, the reverse operation, that is, the displayed vertical line can be moved to the right, and the state of FIG. 21 can be returned.

D. Transverse alignment In this embodiment, an example of creating a transverse alignment will be described following the creation of the plane alignment and the longitudinal alignment described above. Following step S2-6 of FIG. 2, the cross-sectional alignment is created in step S2-7. Step S2-7 corresponds to a preferred example of a cross-linear step in the claims.

(1) Basic operation for creating a transverse alignment In step S2-7, the user selects, for example, "Create a transverse alignment" from the menu, and the transverse alignment is performed with respect to the computer 102 (which is also a road data creation device). Instruct to create.
Then, the computer 102 (CPU 114 for executing the program) creates a horizontal alignment based on the planar alignment which is the road data created in step S2-5. The horizontal alignment is composed of a plurality of stations as described above. FIG. 23 shows an example of this horizontal alignment.

In steps S2-6, a planar expression orthogonal to the line segment from each station of the horizontal alignment is obtained, and the transverse shape is defined by this planar system.
As shown in the example of FIG. 32, the plane formula at each station is a plane perpendicular to the line segment from that station to the next station, and is a plane passing through the station (of interest). It becomes an expression. For example, the planar formula in the BP is from the BP to the station No. It is a plane perpendicular to the line segment toward 1, and is a plane type that passes through the BP. Station No. The plane formula in No. 1 is the station No. Station No. 1 to station No. It is a plane perpendicular to the line segment toward 2, and the station No. It becomes a plane type passing through 1. Hereinafter, the same applies, but the planar formula in the EP is the station No. 2 before the EP. It is a plane perpendicular to the line segment toward 5, and is a plane type that passes through the EP. The plane representing the plane equation thus obtained is represented by the broken line at each station.

A horizontal alignment is created on the planar formula obtained in this way.
First, a cross-sectional view can be created from the altitude of each point when the three-dimensional terrain model is crossed by the plan type. This is a plot of the intersection of the planar equation and the three-dimensional terrain model, and an example is shown in FIG. 24, for example. In FIG. 24, as in the above description, the solid line represents the actual height of the ground (in FIG. 24, it is represented by a surface). Next, as shown in FIG. 24, the center point (CL, CR) is determined based on the horizontal alignment (Line) and the vertical alignment (Profile) (see FIG. 24).
Next, L1 and R1 are obtained based on the width of the template setting described above. At this time, the height is the same as CL. Further, since L1 and R1 are points on the above-mentioned plane (formula), coordinates (X coordinate, Y coordinate) other than the height can be obtained from the above plane formula. This situation is shown in FIG. As a nomenclature for stations, in this example, for convenience, the stations on the left side of the figure are named L1, L2, L3 ..., and the stations on the right side are named R1, R2, R3 ... To go. The line segment connecting L1-CL-R1 becomes a part of the transverse line and is shown by a broken line in FIG. 25. This is the same as in FIG. 32 and the like.

Cut step Next, if the calculated L1 (or R1) is below the surface, that is, lower than the ground height shown in the 3D terrain model, the height of the cut step is according to the cut slope set in the template. Draw the slope until it reaches the end. That is the next station, that is, L2 (or R2).
In the example of FIG. 25, since L1 is lower than the height of the ground, a point extending from L1 according to the cut slope and extending to the height of the cut step is obtained as L2. FIG. 26 shows how this L2 was obtained.

Next, draw a small step according to the width of the cutting small step in the template setting. That is the next station, that is, L3 (or R3). The height of L3 is the same as that of L2 (or R2), which is the immediately preceding station. The coordinates (X coordinate, Y coordinate) on the plane can be obtained from the obtained plane equation as described above. FIG. 27 shows how L3 was obtained in this way.
Hereinafter, the same process is repeated until the surface (the height of the ground according to the three-dimensional terrain model) is reached, and the cut slope and the step are provided.
In FIG. 27, since L3 is below the surface, a line is extended from L3 according to the cut slope, and the point corresponding to the surface is obtained as L4. Since the surface has been reached at L4, the processing related to the cut step is completed. This is shown in FIG.

Embankment step Also, if the calculated R1 (or L1) is above the surface, that is, lower than the ground height shown in the 3D terrain model, follow the embankment slope set in the template until the embankment step height is reached. Draw a slope. That is the next station, that is, R2 (or L2).
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, since R1 is above the surface, the embankment substage is processed and R2 is set.
Hereinafter, the same processing as in the case of the cut small step is continued, and R3 and R4 are obtained. As a result, the final horizontal alignment is obtained. The situation is shown in FIG.
(2) The road can be designed by obtaining the above processing for all the side points (planar type (cross section)). By converting all CL, L1, L2 ..., R1, R2 ... into 3D coordinates, the shape of the road can be rendered and displayed on the screen (of the display 104).

E. Application Example / Modification Example (1) In the description of the above embodiment, the operation of creating the horizontal alignment, the vertical alignment, and the horizontal alignment has been described, but only a part of the road alignment may be created. For example, the creation of horizontal alignment alone is included in the technical scope of the present invention. Also, the transverse alignment does not necessarily have to be created for all stations. For example, on a straight road, a crossing line of only some representative points may be created.
(2) In the description of the above embodiment, an example in which a three-dimensional terrain model is displayed as a surface and a user sets an IP point on the surface has been described, but the method is not limited to the IP point. , Other types of points related to the road alignment may be configured to be set. Other methods of setting related points are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
(3) In the description of the above embodiment, a specific operation (mouse movement) for moving the IP and adjusting the R is described, but any operation may be used as the specific operation. It is a characteristic matter in this embodiment that the movement of IP and the adjustment of R can be performed independently. In the present embodiment, since this feature is provided, the IP can be moved without worrying about the value of R, and the R can be adjusted without considering the movement of the IP. .. Therefore, it is possible to easily create desired road data as compared with the conventional method for creating road data.
(4) In the explanation of the above embodiment, the points constituting the road data are called stations, and the IP and the like are points related to the road alignment, but they are not the road data itself.
However, various data formats and data formats may be adopted as the road data. For example, it is convenient to handle the points related to the road alignment such as IP points as road data in order to correct the data at a later date. Therefore, as the format of the road data, not only the road data itself but also the format of the road day data including so-called "related points" may be adopted.

F. Summary (whole embodiment)
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the above-described embodiments merely show specific examples for carrying out the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

10 Sokuten 12 Sokuten 100 Road design equipment 102 Computer 104 Display 106 Main unit 108 Keyboard 110 Mouse 112 Video interface 114 CPU
116 Memory 118 I / O interface 120 Hard disk 300 3D terrain model 302 IP point 400 BP
402, 402A, 402B, 402C, 402D IP
404 EP
500, 502, 504 Guidelines A1, A2, A3 Arrow B1, B2 Arrow C Arrow

Claims (12)

It ’s a road data creation method.
A display step that displays a 3D terrain model on the display unit,
An input step for inputting a point related to the road alignment having coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display step.
A road alignment creation step that creates a road alignment using the points related to the input road alignment, and
Including
In the input step, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the input point .
A road data creation method characterized in that the road alignment created in the road alignment creation step includes at least a vertical alignment. The road data creation method according to claim 1, wherein the point related to the road alignment is an IP point. The road alignment, out of the plane line Katachi及beauty transverse linear, road data creation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises any one or more of the road alignment. The road alignment step is
An adjustment step of adjusting the point in the road data R (curvature radius) seen including,
The adjustment step is set to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the R is adjusted by moving the single curve start point (BC) and the single curve end point (EC) related to the point. The described road data creation method. The road alignment step is
Includes movement steps to move points in road data
In the movement step, the single curve start point (BC) and the single curve end point (EC) related to the point are moved, and the positions of points other than the point to be moved and the R in the road data. The road data creation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the point to be moved is moved without changing. The road data creation method according to claim 5 , wherein the point to be moved is an IP point. The road alignment step is
A plane alignment step that creates a horizontal alignment by forming a line by connecting the points input in the input step with a line segment in the order of input.
1. The road data creation method described in item 1. The road alignment step is
Vertical alignment steps based on the point input by the input step, the height of the point, creates the vertical alignment is data arranged in the order of the point,
Including
In the vertical alignment step, the vertical alignment is displayed together with the gradient at each point, and it is possible to determine whether or not the user satisfies the longitudinal gradient limit based on the displayed gradient.
Further, in the vertical linear step, when the mouse cursor is superposed on each of the points, GH (current ground height) and FH (planned road height) at that point are displayed and used. The road data creation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the person can know a specific difference in altitude. The vertical step is
The longitudinal alignment is displayed with the gradient at each point.
When the point set as the gradient change point by the user is moved by the user, the point other than the gradient change point is moved according to the movement of the moved gradient change point. The road data creation method according to claim 8. The road alignment step is
A cross section that creates a cross section that is a cross section when a road is crossed on a plane perpendicular to a line segment between the point and another point adjacent to the point based on the point input in the input step. Linear step,
The road data creation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the road data includes. It is a road data creation device
A display unit that displays a 3D terrain model and
On the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit, an input unit for inputting a point related to the road alignment having the coordinates of a point designated by the user using a pointing device, and an input unit.
A road alignment creating unit that creates a road alignment using points related to the road alignment input by the input unit, and a road alignment creating unit.
Including
The input unit adopts the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input as the height of the input point .
A road data creating device characterized in that the road alignment created by the road alignment creating unit includes at least a vertical alignment. A road data creation program for operating a computer as the road data creation device according to claim 11, wherein the computer is used.
The display procedure for displaying the 3D terrain model on the display unit,
An input procedure for inputting a point related to road alignment having coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display procedure.
The road alignment creation procedure for creating a road alignment using the points related to the input road alignment, and
To execute,
In the input procedure, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the input point .
A road data creation program characterized in that the road alignment created by the road alignment creation procedure includes at least a vertical alignment.

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