JP2020030391A - Road data creation method, road data creation device, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a road data creation method, etc., with which it is possible to design a road by a simpler method.SOLUTION: Provided is a road data creation method, comprising: a display step for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model on a display unit; an input step for inputting, on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display step, points associated with a road alignment having coordinates of points indicated using a pointing device by a user; and a road alignment creation step for creating a road alignment utilizing the inputted points associated with the road alignment. In the input step, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at a position at which a point is inputted is adopted as the height of the inputted point.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a road data creation method for creating road data, a road data creation device, and a program. In particular, the present invention relates to a road data creation method, a road data creation device, and a program that can easily create three-dimensional road data.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the design of a road is to construct a road alignment, and the road alignment is composed of a central alignment (a line alignment (Line), a vertical alignment (Profile)) and a cross alignment (Cross Sect). Is done.
Each alignment is composed of points (measurement points) constituting the alignments, and the road alignment is variously defined by not only the measurement points but also “points related” to the road alignments. “Measurement points” and “related points” will be described in detail in “Terms” of paragraph “0007”.
The central alignment is a shape in which the center line of the road is drawn three-dimensionally.In the central alignment, the shape of the road center line viewed in plan is called the planar alignment, and the shape of the road center line viewed longitudinally is It is called vertical alignment. The alignment viewed from the front in the traveling direction of the road is called a transverse alignment.

(1) Horizontal alignment (alignment when the road is viewed from above)
The horizontal alignment is a central alignment that is seen when the road is viewed from above. The horizontal alignment is constituted by straight lines, circles, transition curves, and the like. The points related to this horizontal alignment include IP (intersection), BC (curve start point), EC (curve end point), BP (road start point), EP (road end point), NOXXX (points other than those on the left) And the like.
FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the planar alignment. FIG. 30 is a so-called plan view, where a planar alignment is formed by connecting the measurement points 10 on the center line of the road. FIG. 30 shows a state in which the measurement points 10 are connected to each other to form a horizontal alignment. FIG. 30 is a plan view, in which the vertical axis is the Y axis and the horizontal axis is the X axis.

(2) Vertical alignment (alignment when the road is viewed from the side)
The vertical alignment is a central alignment that is seen when the road is viewed from the side (as viewed longitudinally). The vertical alignment is constituted by straight lines and vertical curves. Points related to this vertical alignment include CL (center point of road), RXXX (point on right side of road), LXXX (point on left side of road), and the like.
A schematic diagram of the vertical alignment is shown in FIG. FIG. 31 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the road along the road, and a vertical alignment is formed by connecting the heights (Z-axis) of the measurement points 10 on the center line of the road along the road. FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view in the vertical direction. The vertical axis is the height, that is, the Z axis, as described above, and the horizontal axis is the center line (upper position) of the road. Is represented.

(3) Crossing alignment (alignment when the road is viewed from the front)
The transverse alignment is the alignment of the road surface as viewed when the road is viewed from the front. The transverse alignment is composed of straight lines and curved lines. Points related to the transverse alignment include the same kind of points as the horizontal alignment except for IP.
A schematic diagram of the transverse alignment is shown in FIG. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of a so-called road, and is a cross-sectional view when the road is cut perpendicularly to the road at a center point CL on the center line of the road. In FIG. 32, the measurement points 10 (CL, L1, R1, etc.) indicated by white circles are connected, and the transverse alignment is indicated by a broken line. In FIG. 32, the black circles are actual survey points before the road is constructed, and the connection between them is the surface shape of the cross section of the actual land before the construction of the road. This surface shape becomes the shape of the road (crossing line) indicated by the broken line by the formation.

  Creating these "linearities" is the traditional road design. In the conventional road design, a human had to input a road shape each time, and complicated work was required. Further, even in the above-described planar alignment, since each measurement point is actually three-dimensional data, the operation is more complicated.

Term "station"
Creating road data means creating points (such as (CL: center point)) that constitute a road alignment as data. However, the points that constitute these road alignments (horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, transverse alignment) Is called a "measurement point".
"Points related to road composition""Pointsrelated"
Not only "measurement points" such as CL which is the road configuration itself, but also other points (IP: intersections, etc.) for defining the road alignment are appropriately used for creating road data. Therefore, in this patent, the “points related to road configuration”, “points related to road alignment”, or simply “points related to road alignment” Points to do ".

Prior Patent Literature Patent Literature 1 below discloses a road shape information input / accumulation device that is used by being mounted on a vehicle. According to the invention described in Patent Document 1, road shape information such as road linear information is input to each road element constituting a road model to generate road shape information, and the road shape information is stored. ,indicate. Therefore, since a database of road shape information can be constructed, the vehicle does not need to measure the road shape, and the burden on the vehicle is reduced.

Japanese Patent No. 2987436

In the conventional road design, in any case, it is necessary to provide data of a road having a three-dimensional shape as three-dimensional data, and creating a three-dimensional data road shape is a complicated operation for a user. There was a heavy burden on the users designing the road.
The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a road data creation method and a road data creation device capable of designing a road with a simpler method.

  In order to solve such a problem, the inventor of the present application has found a mechanism for easily inputting three-dimensional data by using a three-dimensional terrain model, and making road data creation easier. Based on this principle, the invention having the following configuration has been completed.

  (1) The present invention is directed to a road data creating method for solving the above-mentioned problem, comprising: a display step of displaying a three-dimensional terrain model on a display unit; An input step of inputting a point related to a road alignment having coordinates of a point specified by a user using a pointing device on the three-dimensional terrain model; and a road using the input point related to the road alignment. A road alignment creating step of creating an alignment, wherein the input step adopts, as the height of the input point, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input. This is the data creation method.

  (2) Further, the present invention is the road data creating method according to (1), wherein the point related to the road alignment is an IP point.

  (3) The road according to (1) or (2), wherein the road alignment is any one or more of a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, and a transverse alignment. This is the data creation method.

  (4) Further, in the present invention, the road alignment creating step includes an adjusting step of adjusting R (curvature radius) of a point in the road data, wherein any of (1) to (3) is provided. A road data creation method according to item 1.

  (5) The road according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the road alignment creating step includes a movement step of moving a point in the road data. This is the data creation method.

  (6) Also, in the present invention, in the moving step, the position of a point other than the point to be moved and the R in the road data are not changed, and the point to be moved is not changed. (5) The road data creating method according to (5), wherein

  (7) The road alignment creating step includes a plane alignment step of forming a line by connecting the points input in the input step with line segments in the input order to create a line, and in the plane alignment step, The road according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein measuring points are provided at a predetermined pitch on the formed line, and a horizontal alignment is created including the provided measuring points. This is the data creation method.

(8) The road alignment creating step is a vertical alignment step of creating a vertical alignment, which is data in which the heights of the points are arranged in the order of the points based on the points input in the input step.
In the vertical alignment step, the vertical alignment is displayed together with the gradient at each point, and based on the displayed gradient, the user can determine whether or not the vertical gradient limit is satisfied. A road data creation method according to any one of (1) to (3).

(9) The vertical alignment step displays the vertical alignment together with a gradient at each point,
When the point set as the gradient change point by the user is moved by the user, the points other than the gradient change point are moved according to the movement of the moved gradient change point. This is the road data creation method described in (8).

  (10) When the road alignment creating step crosses the road on a plane passing through the point and perpendicular to a line segment between the point and another point adjacent to the point, based on the point input in the input step The method according to any one of (1) to (3), further comprising: a transverse alignment step of creating a transverse alignment that is a cross section of the road.

  (11) The present invention is directed to a road data creation device for solving the above-mentioned problem, wherein the display unit displays a three-dimensional terrain model and is used on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit An input unit for inputting a point related to a road alignment having coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device, and creating a road alignment using the points related to the road alignment input by the input unit. A road alignment creating unit, wherein the input unit adopts, as the height of the input point, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input. .

(12) The present invention provides a road data creation program for operating a computer as the road data creation device according to (11), in order to solve the above problems.
A road having a display procedure of displaying a three-dimensional terrain model on a display unit, and coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device on the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display procedure; An input procedure for inputting points related to the alignment, and a road alignment creation procedure for creating a road alignment using the points related to the input road alignment are executed. The height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input is adopted as the height of the road data.

  As described above, according to the present invention, road data composed of three-dimensional data can be created more easily than before.

1 is a configuration block diagram of a computer 102 as a road data creation device 100. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the road data creation method. It is explanatory drawing which showed the mode of operation which inputs IP point etc. 302 on the schematic diagram which showed the mode of displaying a three-dimensional terrain model. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the planar alignment which inputted 402A, such as an IP point. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of adjusting an IP R. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of performing IP movement. It is the conceptual diagram of the completed planar alignment. It is explanatory drawing showing the height of each measurement point of the completed road alignment. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode of an adjustment of altitude. It is explanatory drawing of the screen which displayed the vertical alignment of the created road data. 11 is a table showing values of FH and GH at each measurement point in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that mouse-overs a measurement point and displays GH and FH of the measurement point. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a mouse 110 is clicked to set a gradient change point. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which GH and FH are changed by dragging a gradient change point, and a guideline 502 is displayed. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the vertical alignment in which the altitude was updated. No. In addition to the station No. 4, 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a gradient change point is also set. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which changed EP in addition to the gradient change point. It is explanatory drawing which shows a mode that the altitude was updated also about the measurement point other than a gradient change point. It is explanatory drawing 1 explaining operation | movement of the enlargement / reduction of a screen. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of enlarging / reducing a screen. It is explanatory drawing 1 explaining operation | movement of the movement of a road alignment on a screen. It is explanatory drawing 2 explaining operation | movement of the movement of a road alignment on a screen. It is explanatory drawing showing a mode that the plane of the plane formula which becomes the basis of a transverse alignment extends from a measurement point. It is sectional drawing in the plane type | formula plane of a surface, and is explanatory drawing showing the height of the ground. FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram in which the measurement points L1 and R1 are plotted. FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram in which measurement points L2 are further plotted in order to set a cut small step. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram in which a measurement point L3 is further plotted. FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram in which a measurement point L4 is further plotted. FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of a completed cross-section alignment in which setting of embankment steps is further performed on FIG. 28. It is a schematic diagram of a plane alignment. It is a schematic diagram of a vertical alignment. It is a schematic diagram of a transverse alignment.

Hereinafter, a flow of a process of creating road data according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Principle In the flow of creating road data in the present embodiment, a planar linear IP point (intersection point) is determined, and a radius (R value) of the curve, a start point (BC) and an end point (EC) of the curve are determined based on the determined point. One of the features is that the position is determined by the user's mouse operation. When such a position is determined, a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, and a transverse alignment are automatically calculated based on a preset template setting.

A. Configuration In the present embodiment, the road data generation method based on such a principle is executed using the road data generation device 100. The road data creation device 100 is specifically realized by executing a predetermined road design program on a computer 102 as shown in FIG. 1, and executes a road data creation method described below. I do.
The computer 102 in FIG. 1 is a computer 102 that functions as the data creation device 100 by running a road data creation program.
The computer 102 includes a display 104, a main body 106, a keyboard 108, a mouse 110, and the like.
The display 104 is a means for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model, an IP point, and the like, as described later, and corresponds to a preferred example of a display unit described in the claims.

The main body 106 includes a video interface 112, a CPU 114, a memory 116, an input / output interface 118, and a hard disk 120. These components in the main body 106 are connected to each other by a bus 122 (FIG. 1).
The video interface 112 is an interface that connects the main body 106 and the display 104. Various standards such as HDMI (registered trademark) may be adopted.
The CPU 114 is a processor that executes a road data creation program and the like to implement the road data creation device 100 and implements a road data creation method described below. Each operation of a road data creation method described later is realized by the CPU 114 executing a road data creation program.

The memory 116 is used to store data for performing various processes and a program for execution.
The input / output interface 118 is an interface for connecting the keyboard 108 and the mouse 110. For example, USB or the like may be used.
The hard disk 120 is a storage unit for storing data and programs. It is preferable that a three-dimensional terrain model, which will be described later, be stored in the hard disk 120 and read out and used for processing differences.
The keyboard 108 and the mouse 110 are used by a user to perform desired instructions and the like. The mouse 110 corresponds to a preferred example of the pointing device in the claims. In the present embodiment, the mouse 110 is used, but a pointing device such as a trackball or a touch panel may be used, and these also correspond to a preferred example of the pointing device in the claims.

Road Data Format In the present embodiment, the road data to be created conforms to the so-called LandXML 1.2. The following describes an example in which the Alignment is described as a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, or a transverse alignment. The file format of the “surface” to be used also conforms to LandXML 1.2. For example, a three-dimensional terrain model is displayed on the display 104 in a "surface" in this format. However, another format may be used as the road data, or another format may be used as the format of the three-dimensional terrain model.

B. Operation (Explanation centering on horizontal alignment)
FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the road data creation method according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, the operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  Conventionally, an IP point or the like is input by handwriting with a mouse or a touch panel, and this work requires a great deal of labor as described above. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a method of inputting an IP point or the like by clicking the mouse on the three-dimensional terrain model is adopted. In this embodiment, a new input mode for inputting an IP point or the like by such a method is referred to as a “point input mode”. On the other hand, a mode for inputting an IP point or the like by handwriting using a conventional mouse or touch panel is called a “handwriting mode”.

(1) Display of three-dimensional terrain model First, in step S2-1 in FIG. 2, a three-dimensional terrain model is input and displayed on a display. The three-dimensional terrain model uses the LandXML 1.2 surface format as described above for the surface. This surface data is photographed in advance and stored in the hard disk 120, for example. The CPU 114 executes a road data creation program also stored in the hard disk 120, and the three-dimensional terrain model 300 is displayed on the display 104 by the operation. This is shown in FIG. The operation in step S2-1 corresponds to a preferred example of a step of displaying a claim.

(2) Input of IP Point and the Like 302 In step S2-2, the user inputs the IP point and the like 302. A characteristic of the present embodiment is that, as shown in FIG. 3, the user can operate the mouse 110 and input an IP point 302 or the like while the three-dimensional terrain model 300 is displayed. . That is, the user clicks the mouse at a desired location (point) on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 to input and set the IP point 302 having the coordinates of the location. Step S2-2 corresponds to a preferred example of the input step of the claims.

  More specifically, the mouse cursor is moved to a desired position (point) on the three-dimensional terrain model 300, and in this state, a button provided on the mouse is pressed (clicked). Is input as coordinates of an IP point 302 or the like. This position (coordinate) is a position on a plane and is represented by latitude / lightness, but may be called a so-called X coordinate or Y coordinate. In the present embodiment, the coordinates are simply referred to as an X coordinate and a Y coordinate, but the essence is a position on the plane of the ground surface, and is the same coordinate as the position represented by latitude / lightness.

In order to enable such an operation, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 need only be known, and the X coordinate and the Y coordinate can be read from the position of the mouse cursor. Reading X and Y coordinates on a map as an image is widely performed in the field of maps, and those skilled in the art can easily construct such a computer program.
In the present embodiment, such a computer program, a CPU 114 for executing the computer program, a mouse 110, and an input / output interface 118 for inputting data of the mouse 110 constitute an input unit according to the claims. The computer program corresponds to a preferred example of the road data creation program in the claims, and may be stored in, for example, the hard disk 120 or the like.

  Another characteristic feature of the present embodiment is that the used three-dimensional terrain model 300 has not only X coordinates and Y coordinates but also height coordinates (Z coordinates) as data. is there. Therefore, not only the X and Y coordinates of the input IP point 302 or the like but also the Z coordinate of the point can be input. That is, a characteristic of this embodiment is that the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the IP point is input is adopted as the height of the input (IP) point.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the input of the IP point 302 or the like can be easily performed using the three-dimensional terrain model 300.
In the present embodiment, an example in which the IP point or the like 302 is input has been described. However, any point may be input as long as it is related to the road alignment. The operation in step S2-2 corresponds to a preferred example of the step of inputting points related to road setting in the claims.

  FIG. 4 is a specific explanatory diagram of the state of the screen of the display when an IP point or the like is input. The user designates points on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 on the display 104 as shown in FIG. Each point is connected by a line in the specified order (see FIGS. 3 and 4). Each point is designated by, for example, left-clicking the mouse 110. The first clicked point is a BP (Beginning Point start point) 400, and the second and subsequent points are treated as an IP (Intersection Point intersection) 402. The end of a series of inputs is indicated by pressing the Esc key. That is, when the Esc key is pressed, the point immediately before that is the EP (End Point End Point) 404. Thus, the initial data of one road alignment (horizontal alignment) is created.

  In the initial state, the IP 402 is set at the position of the clicked three-dimensional terrain model (surface). That is, the height of the IP 402 is set to be the same as the position of the three-dimensional terrain model 300 where the IP 402 is installed. Thereafter, the height of the IP 402 can be changed (described later) by an automatic calculation (described later) based on template settings or the like, or by a user operation.

When the user clicks the mouse 110 again on the three-dimensional terrain model 300 on the display 104, it starts inputting a new road alignment. That is, the point specified by the click becomes a BP (Beginning Point start point) 400 and is treated as an IP (Intersection Point intersection) 402 from the second time. Note that BP400 and EP404 are road alignments (horizontal alignments), whereas IP402 is not a road alignment itself. However, the IP 402 is related to the road alignment like the BP 400 and the EP 404.
In this way, one or more arbitrary numbers of road alignments (initial data) can be created.
It is also preferable to design the program so that if the user selects the end of the point input mode from a menu or the like, the program returns to the conventional handwriting mode.

(2) Adjustment of R Next, in step S2-3, the R (curvature radius) of the IP is adjusted. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of the adjustment operation. In this example, how R of IP 402A is adjusted is shown. First, the user clicks on the IP 402A to be adjusted to select it. In the selected state, BC (Beginning Curve single curve start point) EC (End Curve single curve end point) related to IP 402A is displayed (see FIG. 5).
Step S2-3 corresponds to a preferred example of an adjusting step of the claims.
By moving the mouse in this state, the R of the IP 402A can be adjusted. In the example of FIG. 5, the user is moving the mouse 110 in the directions of arrows A1 and A2. In accordance with this movement, the BC around the IP 402A and the EC move. In FIG. 5, BC moves in the direction of arrow B1, and EC moves in the direction of arrow B2. Along with these movements, the guide line 500 also moves as shown in FIG. 5, and R is adjusted.
The operation in step S2-3 also corresponds to a preferred example of the road alignment creating step in the claims. Hereinafter, steps S2-3 to S2-7 each correspond to a part of the road alignment creation process, and correspond to a preferable example that can be included in the road alignment creation step in the claims.
Hereinafter, steps S2-3 to S2-7 will be described as an example of the road alignment creation process, but it is not necessary to include all the processes as the road alignment creation process. For example, when the correction of R is unnecessary, step S2-3 may not be performed. If the movement of the IP is unnecessary, step S2-4 need not be executed. When only a horizontal alignment is created, steps S2-6 and S2-7 described later need not be executed.
Further, the processing for creating such a road alignment (steps S2-3 to S2-7) is executed by a computer program describing the corresponding operation and the CPU 114 executing the computer program. This corresponds to a preferred example of a range road alignment creating unit. The computer program may be stored in the hard disk 120, for example, or may be appropriately read out on the memory 116 at the time of execution.

In the example of FIG. 5, the EC moves, but its limit value is up to the next IP 402B. The EC does not move beyond the IP 402B. Further, in the case of the example of FIG. 5, the BC also moves, but its limit value is up to the previous point, BP400. The BC does not move beyond the BP 400.
Next, when the user clicks the button of mouse 110, the positions of EC and EP are determined, and as a result R is determined. The adjustment of R can be performed as described above. Further, here, the adjustment of R for the IP 402A has been described, but by repeating the same processing for the other IPs 402 (B to D), the R adjustment of the other IP 402 can be performed.

(3) Movement of IP Next, in step S2-4, movement of the IP 402B is performed. An explanatory diagram showing an example of the moving operation is shown in FIG. In this example, a state of movement of the IP 402B is shown. First, the user can drag the IP 402B to be moved using the mouse 110 and move it. In this state, the position of each BC and BE changes while holding the IP and R of the curve adjacent to the IP 402B (while maintaining the positions and values). In other words, the program of the computer 102 changes the positions of BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 so that the position of the adjacent IP and R are not changed (see FIG. 6). That is, each time the user moves the IP 402B, the program (the CPU 114 that executes) changes the BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 in response to the change, and displays it on the display 104 in real time. .
Note that the process of step S2-4 corresponds to a preferred example of the moving step in the claims.

  In FIG. 6, when the user moves the IP 402B along the arrow C, BC1, EC1, BC2, EC2, BC3, and EC3 move accordingly, as indicated by black arrows.

  When the drag is completed and the user releases the button of the mouse 110, the position of the IP 402B is determined. As shown in FIG. 6, BC1 and EC1 keep their R and IP, and change their positions. Similarly, the positions of BC2 and EC2 are changed while R and IP are maintained, and the positions of BC3 and EC3 are changed while R and IP are maintained. In FIG. 6, a circle representing the size of R (the radius of this circle is R (curvature radius)) is drawn, but the size of R does not change before and after movement (size Will not change).

A feature of the present embodiment is that the movement of the IP can be performed without changing R. Therefore, in the present embodiment,
Move BC and EC around the IP.
By moving BC and EC around the IP adjacent to the IP, the movement of the IP is realized without changing the R of the IP. In other words, adjustment is performed in real time to move the BCs and ECs little by little so that R does not change. This is realized by the CPU 114 executing a program having such an adjustment function (stored in the hard disk 120 or the like).

It is easy for those skilled in the art to create a program that automatically adjusts another parameter so that a predetermined parameter is not changed when a certain parameter is changed.
The IP can be moved as described above. Although the IP 402B has been moved here, the same processing may be repeated for other IPs 402 (A, C to D) to move the other IP 402.

Operation Example As described above, in the present embodiment, in the change of R (step S2-3), the target IP is selected by clicking (pressing the button and then releasing the button), and then moving the mouse. Can change R. This operation in the present embodiment corresponds to a preferred example of the operation of changing the R value, but another operation method may be used. Other operations may be employed as long as the operation for specifying the target IP and the operation for changing R are included. For example, a menu such as “change R” may be inserted in the menu of the program, and the user may select the menu.

  In the movement of the IP (step S2-4), the movement of the IP is realized by moving the target IP by dragging the mouse 110. This operation in the present embodiment corresponds to a preferred example of the IP movement operation, but may be another operation method. Other operations may be adopted as long as the operation of specifying the target IP and the operation of moving the target IP are included. For example, a menu such as “move IP” may be included in the menu of the program, and the user may select the menu.

(4) Determination of Horizontal Alignment Next, in step S2-5, determination of a horizontal alignment is performed. In this step, when the user presses the Esc key, a confirmation dialog of "Do you want to confirm the horizontal alignment?" Is displayed on the display 104, and when the user selects "Yes (Yes)", a predetermined dialog is displayed. Line differentiation is performed according to the pitch setting. As a result, the horizontal alignment is determined. FIG. 7 shows a conceptual diagram of the determined horizontal alignment. Measurement points are appropriately provided at a predetermined pitch, and the line is differentiated. The pitch setting is a part of the template setting. Various settings are made in advance for the template settings.
Step S2-5 corresponds to a preferred example of the planar linear step in the claims.

  The height of each measurement point is the same as the height of the displayed surface (three-dimensional terrain model). This is shown in FIG. Since the height does not appear in the plan view, FIG. 8 is shown in a longitudinal sectional view for convenience. In FIG. 8, the solid line is the ground (ground) before road construction, and is the height of the three-dimensional terrain model. The dashed line is the alignment of the road to be planned. In FIG. 8, the height of the actual ground indicated by the surface (the height of the three-dimensional terrain model) is the same as the height of each measurement point of the road alignment (indicated by the broken line in FIG. 8). (FIG. 8).

The planar alignment (road data) created in this manner may be stored in, for example, the hard disk 120 or the like. Further, the information may be stored in another storage device.
The road data creation method according to the present embodiment can be realized by causing the computer 102 to execute a road data creation program that realizes the operation. In the execution of the road data creation program, it is preferable to make various settings in the template settings before actually creating the road data.

C. Template setting Hereinafter, details of the template setting (each parameter) used in the present road data creating method (road data creating program) will be described. These parameters may be used in step S2-5 and the like described above. These parameters (template settings) may be stored in, for example, the hard disk 120 or the like. Further, the information may be stored in another storage device. It may be stored in another storage device for each user. It may be stored in a place where the road data creation method (road data creation program) can be used as appropriate.

(1) Pitch The pitch (m) at which measurement points on the center line of the road are arranged. In FIG. 7, the planar alignment is configured by adding measurement points on the basis of the pitches.
(2) Vertical slope limit Specify the vertical slope limit (%). The slope is the percentage of height relative to the horizontal distance.
(3) Width This is a so-called width (m). For example, the width is also described in the explanatory diagram of the transverse alignment in FIG.

(4) Cut slope Specify the cut slope (1: n). n indicates the horizontal size when the height of the cut is set to 1.
(5) Cut small step This parameter includes “reference elevation” and “height”.
The reference altitude designates an altitude (m) that is a basis for creating a small step. The height designates the height (m) at which every few meters a small column is created.
(6) Cut small step width Specify the cut small step width (m).

(7) Fill slope Specify fill slope (1: n). n indicates the horizontal size when the height of the embankment is 1.
(8) Embankment small step This parameter includes “reference elevation” and “height”.
The reference altitude designates an altitude (m) that is a basis for creating a small step. The height designates the height (m) at which every few meters a small column is created.
(9) Embankment step width Specify the embankment step width (m).
(10) Whether or not to make the steps parallel to the road When the flag is valid, the design is made so that the steps are parallel to the road. When forming a small step, a small step is always formed according to the height of the cut small step and the height of the embankment small step from the height of the road surface of the road.

D. In this embodiment, an example in which a vertical alignment is created subsequent to the creation of the above-described horizontal alignment will be described. Following step S2-5 in FIG. 2, a vertical alignment is created in step S2-6. Step S2-6 corresponds to a preferred example of the vertical linear step in the claims.

(1) Basic Operation of Creating Vertical Alignment In step S2-6, the user selects, for example, “Create Vertical Alignment” from a menu and sends a vertical alignment to the computer 102 (which is also a road data creation device). To create
Then, the computer 102 (the CPU 114 executing the program) creates a vertical alignment from the horizontal alignment, which is the road data created in step S2-5. The horizontal alignment is composed of a plurality of measurement points as described above. Each measurement point has an X coordinate, a Y coordinate, and a height (Z coordinate) obtained from the three-dimensional terrain model, as described with reference to FIG. The height (Z coordinate) of this data arranged in the order of each measurement point is a vertical alignment (see FIGS. 8 and 31).

In step S2-6, it is further confirmed whether there is a gradient greater than the vertical gradient limit in the template setting. As a result of such confirmation, if there is a gradient greater than the vertical gradient limit, the elevation is adjusted. If there is no gradient greater than the vertical gradient limit, the elevation (height) is adjusted.
FIG. 9 shows how the altitude is adjusted. In FIG. 9, the solid line (surface) represents the current ground height based on the three-dimensional terrain model. In FIG. 9, the broken line is the road data to be created, that is, the road alignment (here, the vertical alignment). Hereinafter, the same description method is applied to FIGS. 10, 12 to 29, and 31.

As shown in the example of FIG. 9, the gradient of the line segment between each measurement point is calculated first. This value is shown at the top of FIG. 9 and was 10%, 12%, 17%, 17%, 12%, 10%. Of these, 17% is greater than the slope limit, so the altitude of the fourth measurement point is lowered. The measuring points before the altitude is lowered are indicated by white circles, and the measuring points after the altitude are lowered are indicated by black circles (FIG. 9). As a result, the gradient on both sides of the fourth measuring point (the central measuring point) becomes 15%, which satisfies the gradient limitation.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the vertical alignment is displayed on the display 104 together with the gradient of each measurement point (line segment between them), so that the user can easily determine which measurement point should be adjusted in elevation. can do.
As a result, the gradient of the line segment between all the measurement points satisfies the gradient restriction.

(2) Operation of Changing the Elevation (Height) of the Created Vertical Alignment Further, in the present embodiment, a unique scheme is used for adjusting the elevation of the vertical alignment. The road data creation method of the present embodiment provides a function of changing the altitude of the whole point, instead of changing the altitude of one point.
That is, a function of changing the altitude of another point (measurement point) using a point (measurement point) at which the altitude is changed as a gradient change point is introduced into the road data creating apparatus 102. In other words, the same function is introduced into a road data creation program to realize a more usable road data creation method.

First, FIG. 10 shows a state of a screen (displayed on the display 104) for displaying the created vertical alignment. By default, the entire vertical alignment is displayed, but you can zoom in and out. The display interval of each measurement point conforms to the distance between the measurement points.
In FIG. 10, the solid line is the current ground height, and the broken line is the design road height. Each measurement point of the vertical alignment in FIG. 10 describes a measurement point name and a gradient. The gradient is a gradient of a line segment connecting the measurement point and the next measurement point. Further, in the present embodiment, GH (m), FH (m), and vertical gradient of each measurement point are displayed as a table on the display 104, and the values themselves in this table can be edited. An example of this table is shown in FIG. For example, FH (m) of this table (FIG. 11) displayed on the display 104 can be edited. Note that FH (Formation Height) represents the height of a planned (designed) road, and GH (Ground Height) represents the current ground height.
Adjust altitude

In the present embodiment, As shown in FIG. 10, the vertical alignment can be displayed on the display 104, and the altitude (height) can be adjusted by operating the display.
First, FIG. 12 shows an example in which the vertical alignment is displayed on the display 104 as in FIG. 11 is a display example when the mouse cursor is over the measurement point No. 4; As shown in this figure, when the (mouse) cursor is superimposed on the measurement point (mouse over), GH and FH at the measurement point are displayed, so that the user can know the specific difference in elevation. This is convenient (see FIG. 12).

  Next, when the button of the mouse 110 is clicked from the state of FIG. 12, the measurement point (No. 4) becomes the gradient change point. This is shown in FIG. Although not clearly shown in the display of FIG. 13, the fact that the gradient change point has been reached is displayed on the display 104 by a change in the color of the measurement point.

  The elevation of the measurement point (No. 4) that has become the gradient change point can be changed by a drag operation. At this time, the display values of GH and FH also change, and the ride line 502 is also displayed. This is shown in FIG. The guideline 502 is indicated by a dashed line in FIG. Further, with the BP (start point) and EP (end point) as fixed points, the altitudes of other measurement points are also changed. When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 14 and dragging is completed, the figure on the display 104 and the values in the table shown in FIG. 11 are updated. An example of the updated diagram is shown in FIG. In this manner, the altitude can be updated by fixing the BP and EP and also by using other measurement points (other than No. 4). In this update, as shown in FIG. 15, the image on the display 104 is also updated, but the data of the original table (the table shown in FIG. 11) is also updated.

A plurality of designated gradient change points A plurality of gradient change points can be set. From the state of FIG. In addition to the station No. 4, 6 by clicking on the station No. FIG. 16 shows an example in which 6 is also a gradient change point. Since these gradient change points, BP, and EP are fixed points, other altitudes are changed. In this case (FIG. 16), the guide line 504 (dashed line) is different from the guide line 502 in FIG. 14 (see FIGS. 14 and 16). When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 16 and dragging is completed, the figure on the display 104 and the values in the table shown in FIG. 11 are updated. This is similar to FIGS.
After this update has been performed, the measurement point can be further clicked to set a gradient change point. For example, if an EP is clicked, this EP can be set as a gradient change point. The altitude of the EP set at the gradient change point can be changed by dragging the mouse 110 in the same manner as described above.

  FIG. 17 shows an example in which the altitude is changed by dragging the EP which is the newly set gradient change point in this manner. The guide line 504 (gradient change point) is drawn by the new gradient change point (EP). When the mouse button is released from the state of FIG. 17 and dragging is completed, the figure on the display 104 and the values in the table (shown in FIG. 11) are updated. An example of the updated diagram is shown in FIG. In this manner, the BP and EP can be fixed, and the altitude can be updated together with other measurement points (other than No. 4 and No. 6).

(3) Enlargement and Reduction of Screen In addition, on a screen for changing the altitude, enlargement and reduction can be performed. FIG. 19 shows an example of display of a vertical alignment before enlargement / reduction. As explained above, the solid line is the current ground (ground) and the dashed line is the alignment of the road to be planned. The vertical alignment and the cursor (arrow) of the mouse 110 are shown on the display 104.
When the wheel of the mouse 110 is rotated forward from the state of FIG. 19, enlargement is performed. FIG. 20 shows an example of the screen after the enlargement. In this way, the enlargement is performed centering on the cursor. The enlargement is performed continuously with the rotation of the wheel. Also, if the wheel is reversely rotated backward from the state of FIG. 20, the reverse operation, that is, reduction is performed, and the state of FIG. 19 can be returned.

(4) Movement On the screen for changing the altitude, the displayed portion can be moved. FIG. 21 shows an example of the display of the vertical alignment similar to FIG. In this state, if the mouse 110 is dragged while clicking the wheel button of the mouse 110, the displayed portion can be moved.

From the state of FIG. 21, when the user drags the mouse 110 to the left while clicking the wheel button of the mouse 110, the displayed portion can be moved to the left.
As a result, the portion located on the right side is displayed on the display 104, and the portion located on the left is not displayed off the screen. This is shown in FIG. It should be noted that such an amount of movement can be controlled continuously in proportion to the amount of dragging. If the mouse is dragged rightward from the state shown in FIG. 22, the reverse operation, that is, the displayed vertical alignment can be moved rightward, and the state shown in FIG. 21 can be returned.

D. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which a horizontal alignment is created subsequent to the above-described horizontal alignment and vertical alignment. Subsequent to step S2-6 in FIG. 2, in step S2-7, a transverse alignment is created. Step S2-7 corresponds to a preferable example of the transverse linear step in the claims.

(1) Basic Operation of Creating Cross Section Alignment In step S2-7, the user selects, for example, “Create Cross Section” from the menu, and instructs the computer 102 (which is also a road data creation device) to execute the cross section alignment. To create
Then, the computer 102 (the CPU 114 executing the program) creates a transverse alignment based on the horizontal alignment, which is the road data created in step S2-5. The horizontal alignment is composed of a plurality of measurement points as described above. FIG. 23 shows an example of this planar alignment.

In step S2-6, a plane equation orthogonal to a line segment from each measurement point of the horizontal alignment is obtained, and a cross-sectional shape is defined by this plane equation system.
As shown in the example of FIG. 32, the plane formula at each measurement point is a plane perpendicular to a line segment from the measurement point to the next measurement point, and a plane passing through the (attention) measurement point. It becomes an expression. For example, the plane formula in the BP is obtained from the BP using the measurement point No. It is a plane perpendicular to the line segment toward 1 and passes through the BP. Measurement No. 1 corresponds to the measurement point No. 1. 1 to the measurement point No. 2 is a plane perpendicular to the line segment toward 1 is a plane expression. Hereinafter, the same is applied, but the plane equation in the EP is obtained from the measurement point No. in front of the EP. 5 is a plane perpendicular to the line segment and passing through the EP. The plane representing the plane equation obtained in this way is represented by a broken line at each measurement point.

A transversal alignment is created on the plane equation obtained in this manner.
First, a cross-sectional view can be created from the elevation of each point when the three-dimensional terrain model is traversed by the plane formula. This is a diagram in which points where the plane formula and the three-dimensional terrain model intersect are plotted, and an example thereof is shown in FIG. 24, for example. 24, the solid line represents the actual height of the ground (represented by surface in FIG. 24), as in the description so far. Next, as shown in FIG. 24, the center point (CL, CR) is determined based on the horizontal alignment (Line) and the vertical alignment (Profile) (see FIG. 24).
Next, L1 and R1 are obtained based on the width of the template setting described above. At this time, the height is the same as CL. Further, since L1 and R1 are points on the above-described plane (formula), coordinates (X coordinate, Y coordinate) other than the height can be obtained from the above plane formula. This is shown in FIG. In this example, for the sake of convenience, the measurement points on the left side of the drawing are named L1, L2, L3... And the right sides are named R1, R2, R3. To go. The line segment connecting L1-CL-R1 becomes a part of the transverse alignment, and is indicated by a broken line in FIG. This is the same as FIG. 32 and the like.

Cut berms Then, if the obtained L1 (or R1) is below the surface, i.e., lower than the height of the ground represented by the three-dimensional terrain model, in accordance Cut gradient template settings, the Cut small step height Subtract the slope until it is ready. This is the next measurement point, that is, L2 (or R2).
In the example of FIG. 25, since L1 is lower than the height of the ground, a line extending from L1 according to the cut gradient and extending to the height of the cut small step is obtained as L2. FIG. 26 shows how L2 is obtained.

Next, a step is drawn according to the width of the cut step in the template setting. That is the next measurement point, that is, L3 (or R3). The height of L3 is the same as L2 (or R2), which is the immediately preceding measurement point. The coordinates (X coordinate, Y coordinate) on the plane can be obtained from the obtained plane equation as described above. FIG. 27 shows how L3 is obtained in this manner.
Hereinafter, the same processing is repeated to provide a cut slope and a small step until the surface (the height of the ground based on the three-dimensional terrain model) is reached.
In FIG. 27, since L3 is below the surface, a line is extended from L3 according to the cutting gradient, and a point that matches the surface is obtained as L4. Since the surface has been reached at L4, the processing relating to the cut small step ends. This is shown in FIG.

If the obtained R1 (or L1) is above the surface, that is, is lower than the height of the ground indicated by the three-dimensional terrain model, the height of the embankment is set according to the embankment gradient set in the template. Pull the slope. This is the next measurement point, that is, R2 (or L2).
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24, since R1 is above the surface, processing of the embankment small step is performed, and R2 is set.
Thereafter, the same processing as in the case of the cut small steps is continued, and R3 and R4 are obtained. As a result, a final transverse alignment is obtained. This is shown in FIG.
(2) A road can be designed by obtaining the above processing for all the side points (planar expression (transverse section) thereof). By converting all CL, L1, L2..., R1, R2... Into 3D coordinates, the shape of the road can be rendered and displayed on the screen (of the display 104).

E. FIG. Application and Modifications (1) In the description of the above embodiment, the operation of creating a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, and a transverse alignment has been described, but only a part of the road alignment may be created. For example, creation of a plane alignment alone is included in the technical scope of the present invention. Also, the transverse alignment need not necessarily be created for all measurement points. For example, on a straight road, a transverse alignment of only some representative points may be created.
(2) In the above description of the embodiment, an example in which the three-dimensional terrain model is displayed as a surface and the user sets an IP point on the surface is described, but the present invention is not limited to the IP point. Alternatively, another type of point related to the road alignment may be set. Methods for setting other related points are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
(3) In the description of the above embodiment, a specific operation (movement of the mouse) for moving the IP and adjusting the R has been described, but any specific operation may be used. The feature of the present embodiment is that the movement of the IP and the adjustment of R can be performed independently. In the present embodiment, because of this feature, the IP can be moved without concern for the value of R, and the R can be adjusted without considering the movement of the IP. . Therefore, it is possible to easily create desired road data as compared with a conventional method of creating road data.
(4) In the description of the above embodiment, points constituting road data are called measurement points, and IP and the like are related to road alignment, but are not road data itself.
However, various data forms and data formats may be adopted as the road data. For example, it is also convenient to handle the road data including points related to the road alignment, such as IP points, in order to correct the data at a later date. Therefore, as a format of the road data, not only the road data itself, but also a format of the road data data including so-called “related points” may be adopted.

F. Conclusion (entire embodiment)
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, the above-described embodiments merely show specific examples for implementing the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit thereof, and these are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

Reference Signs List 10 survey points 12 survey points 100 road design device 102 computer 104 display 106 main body 108 keyboard 110 mouse 112 video interface 114 CPU
116 memory 118 input / output interface 120 hard disk 300 three-dimensional terrain model 302 IP point 400 BP
402, 402A, 402B, 402C, 402D IP
404 EP
500, 502, 504 Guideline A1, A2, A3 Arrow B1, B2 Arrow C Arrow

Claims (12)

A method for creating road data,
A display step of displaying the three-dimensional terrain model on the display unit;
On the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the displaying step, an input step of inputting a point related to a road alignment, having a coordinate of a point designated by a user using a pointing device,
A road alignment creating step of creating a road alignment by using points related to the input road alignment,
Including
In the inputting step, a height of a three-dimensional terrain model at a position where the point is input is adopted as a height of the input point.   The road data creation method according to claim 1, wherein the point related to the road alignment is an IP point.   The road data creation method according to claim 1, wherein the road alignment is at least one of a horizontal alignment, a vertical alignment, and a transverse alignment. The road alignment creating step includes:
The road data creation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an adjustment step of adjusting an R (radius of curvature) of a point in the road data. The road alignment creating step includes:
4. The road data creating method according to claim 1, further comprising a moving step of moving a point in the road data.   In the moving step, the point to be moved is moved without changing a position of a point other than the point to be moved and R in the road data. Item 5. The road data creation method according to Item 5. The road alignment creating step includes:
A plane linear step of forming a line by forming a line by connecting the points input in the input step with line segments in the order of input,
4. The planar alignment step, wherein measuring points are provided at a predetermined pitch on the formed line, and a planar alignment including the provided measuring points is created. Or the road data creation method according to claim 1. The road alignment creating step includes:
A vertical alignment step of creating a vertical alignment, which is data in which the heights of the points are arranged in the order of the points, based on the points input in the input step,
In the vertical alignment step, the vertical alignment is displayed together with the gradient at each point, and based on the displayed gradient, a user can determine whether or not the vertical gradient limit is satisfied. Item 4. The road data creation method according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The vertical alignment step includes:
Displaying the vertical alignment with the slope at each point;
When the point set as the gradient change point by the user is moved by the user, the points other than the gradient change point are moved according to the movement of the moved gradient change point. The road data creation method according to claim 8. The road alignment creating step includes:
Traversing that creates a cross-sectional alignment that is a cross-section when the road is traversed on a plane passing through the point and perpendicular to a line segment between the point and another point based on the point input in the input step; Linear step,
The road data creating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: A road data creation device,
A display unit for displaying a three-dimensional terrain model,
On the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit, an input unit for inputting a point related to a road alignment having coordinates of a point designated by a user using a pointing device,
A road alignment creating unit that creates a road alignment by using points related to the road alignment input by the input unit,
Including
The road data creation device, wherein the input unit adopts, as the height of the input point, the height of the three-dimensional terrain model at the position where the point is input. A road data creation program that causes a computer to operate as the road data creation device according to claim 11, wherein the computer
A display procedure for displaying the three-dimensional terrain model on the display unit;
On the three-dimensional terrain model displayed on the display unit in the display step, an input step of inputting a point related to a road alignment, having a coordinate of a point designated by a user using a pointing device,
A road alignment creating procedure for creating a road alignment using the points related to the input road alignment,
And execute
In the input procedure, a height of a three-dimensional terrain model at a position where the point is input is adopted as a height of the input point.