JP6957008B2 - A fluid derivation device, a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using this fluid derivation device, and a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using this fluid derivation device. - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method for forcibly discharging smoke and hot air generated in a fire compartment such as a building to the outside of the fire compartment to extinguish the fire, and a fluid derivation device particularly suitable for a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device.

In building fires, especially fire-resistant building fires, the biggest obstacles to fire extinguishing activities and life-saving activities in the fire area are heavy smoke and hot air in the fire area. Thick smoke and hot air (heated air) in the fire area prevent firefighters (lifesaving) from entering the fire area, making it difficult to search for fire spots and people in need of rescue, and also for the safety of the members themselves. It's a very threat.
Some buildings are required by the Building Standards Act to install smoke exhaust equipment (theaters, movie theaters, hospitals, schools, hotels, department stores, etc. that meet the standards stipulated by the Building Standards Act). (Special buildings), many proposals have been made for smoke exhaust equipment fixedly installed in such buildings (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
On the other hand, if a fire breaks out in a building compartment such as a residential building or office building where smoke exhaust equipment is not installed, fire (lifesaving) personnel carry a portable smoke exhaust device near the fire compartment and exhaust it. The smoke device is activated to forcibly blow air into the fire compartment from an opening such as the entrance of the fire compartment, and dense smoke and heated air are blown out of the fire compartment together with smoke and heated air from an exhaust port such as a window of the fire compartment. The smoke exhaust method of exhausting is adopted.
As the fluid derivation device used in the above-mentioned smoke exhaust method, a portable blower device is generally used. Firefighters (lifesaving) members carry portable blower devices near the fire area to extinguish and rescue fires. In addition, there is also one in which a fan for blowing and exhausting smoke (blower device) and a dedicated duct connected to the fan (blower device) are mounted on a multipurpose work vehicle (Patent Document 3).
Portable blower devices used in fire extinguishing and rescue activities are generally large in volume and weigh several tens of kilograms, making it difficult for a member to carry them alone. In addition, since the elevator cannot be used in the event of a fire, it is a heavy burden for the members to carry the smoke exhaust device to the fire section on the middle and upper floors.

Further, the portable blower device generates a blower airflow by rotating the blower blade, and the cross-sectional shape of the generated blower airflow has the same circular shape as the rotation locus of the blower blade. On the other hand, the entrance (opening) of the fire compartment such as a living room or an office is usually rectangular with an aspect ratio of 2: 1.
FIG. 10 shows the usage state of the blower device in the fire area.
FIG. 10A shows a case where the blower device a is used close to the entrance c of the fire area b.
By using the blower device a close to the inlet c, all the airflow from the blower device a can be supplied from the inlet c into the fire compartment b.
However, the ventilation region d at the inlet c covers only a part of the inlet c.
Therefore, the air blown from the blower device a flows back from the portion of the inlet c that is not covered by the blower area d, and the smoke and the heated air in the fire area b are unlikely to be discharged from the exhaust port e such as a window.
FIG. 10B shows a case where the blower device a is used away from the entrance c of the fire area b.
By using the blower device a away from the inlet c, the ventilation region d can cover the entire area of the inlet c.
However, in the portion of the blower region d outside the inlet c, the blower from the blower device a does not enter the fire compartment b.

FIG. 11 shows the parameters in a state where the ventilation region d covers the entire area of the inlet c.
Assuming that the radius of the ventilation region d is R, the width of the inlet c is L, and the height is 2L, the area of the ventilation region d is π × R ² , and the area of the inlet c is 2L ² . Here, since R ² = (5/4) L ² , the area ratio of the inlet c to the ventilation region d is 2L ² / π (5/4) L ² , that is, 51%.
That is, under the conditions shown in FIG. 11, the ventilation efficiency is reduced by about 50%. Further, since the blower device a is arranged away from the inlet c, it is necessary to use a stronger blower device a in order to forcibly blow air into the fire compartment b with a predetermined wind pressure.
Further, when the space in front of the entrance c is narrow (such as a middle-high-rise building having a narrow corridor), the blower device a cannot be used as far away as shown in FIG. 10 (b).
In order to solve such a problem, Patent Document 4 presents a portable smoke exhaust device that is lightweight, compact, easy to carry, and has high ventilation efficiency into a fire compartment by using compressed air of a CAFS vehicle. ing.
The portable smoke exhaust device of Patent Document 4 is mainly composed of an injection nozzle group composed of a plurality of injection nozzles for injecting compressed air and a nozzle arrangement member in which the injection nozzle group is arranged. The nozzle arranging member is formed of a pipe material so that compressed air can be supplied to each injection nozzle, a plurality of horizontal pipe portions are provided, and a plurality of injection nozzles are arranged at predetermined intervals in each of the horizontal pipe portions. The contour line connecting the centers of the plurality of injection nozzles located on the outer edge side of the injection nozzle group has a rectangular shape that matches the shape of the opening of the fire compartment.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-19237 Special Table 2002-536093 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-81000 Patent No. 5587234

Patent Document 4 does not have a function for extinguishing a fire as in the conventional blower type positive pressure smoke exhaust device. Therefore, it is necessary for the firefighters to quickly enter the fire compartment b and extinguish the fire at the same time as the smoke is exhausted from the fire compartment b by blowing air. However, entering the fire compartment b during the fire season is a dangerous action, and from the viewpoint of ensuring the safety of the members, a device that can extinguish the fire at the same time as exhausting smoke is ideal.
Further, Patent Document 4 has higher air blowing efficiency than the conventional blower type smoke exhaust device, but it is necessary to provide a certain number of injection nozzles in order to obtain an even air pressure with respect to the air supply port. However, that leads to higher costs.
In order to realize a lower cost portable flue gas fire extinguishing device, a fluid derivation device capable of expanding the fluid ejected from the jet outlet to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity without providing a large number of injection nozzles is required. desired.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fluid derivation device capable of expanding a fluid ejected from a jet outlet to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in flow velocity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method and a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device capable of introducing a fluid expanded in a predetermined range and easily discharging smoke and heated air from the second opening.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method and a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device, which can enhance the diffusion effect and extend the reachable area and easily discharge smoke and heated air.

The fluid derivation device of the present invention according to claim 1 includes a flow path pipe through which a fluid flows, a jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path tube, and a diffusion member arranged at the jet port, and the diffusion is performed. The member has a flow direction changing portion for changing the flow direction of the fluid, and the rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port , and a first nozzle is provided in the flow path pipe. The first nozzle is provided upstream of the diffusion member, and the fluid ejected from the first nozzle is guided to the diffusion member.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the first aspect, a high-density region is formed in the fluid by the flow direction changing portion, and an extension line of the pipe axis of the flow path pipe is virtualized. When the jet axis is used, the high-density region is formed in the radial direction from the virtual jet axis with respect to the virtual jet cross section orthogonal to the virtual jet axis, and the high-density region is formed by the rotation of the diffusion member. It is characterized in that it turns in one direction around the virtual jet axis .
請Motomeko 3 present the described invention, the fluid outlet device according to claim 1 or claim 2, a second nozzle disposed in said first nozzle, the gas ejected from the second nozzle, said first One nozzle is characterized in that the fluid is ejected by mixing the gas and the liquid to form a gas-liquid mixed phase flow.
The present invention according to claim 4 is a guide for regulating the diffusion of the fluid ejected from the jet port downstream of the diffusion member in the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3. It is characterized by providing a flow member.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fourth aspect , the cross-sectional shape of the upstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member and the downstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member. The opening area of the downstream side conducting member opening is larger than that of the upstream side guiding member opening.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fifth aspect , the upstream side guiding member opening is connected to the jet port, and the downstream side guiding member opening has a rectangular shape. It is characterized by.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fourth aspect , the flow guide member is composed of at least a pair of opposite guide plate materials, and the pair of the guide plate materials is used as a jet port. It is characterized by being connected.
According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the seventh aspect , the downstream end portion of the guide plate material is enlarged from the upstream end portion of the guide plate material, and the guide plate material is covered with the downstream end portion. The width is gradually increased from the upstream end to the downstream end.
The present invention according to claim 9 is the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the diffusion member is rotated by the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe. ..
The fluid derivation device of the present invention according to claim 10 includes a flow path pipe through which a fluid flows, a jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe, and a diffusion member arranged at the jet port. member has a flow direction changing part for changing the flow direction of the fluid, by rotation of the spreading member, which diffuse the fluid ejected from the jet port, before Symbol diffusing member, said jet port It is characterized in that it has a tubular portion main body arranged inside the cylinder portion, and the flow direction changing portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion main body.
The fluid derivation device of the present invention according to claim 11 includes a flow path pipe through which a fluid flows, a jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe, and a diffusion member arranged at the jet port. The member has a flow direction changing portion that changes the flow direction of the fluid, and the rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port, and the diffusion member is of the jet port. It is characterized by having a tubular portion main body arranged inside and forming the flow direction changing portion downstream from the tubular portion main body.
The present invention according to claim 12 is characterized in that, in the fluid derivation device according to claim 10 or 11 , a through hole extending from an inner peripheral surface to an outer peripheral surface is formed in the tubular portion main body.
According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the twelfth aspect, the outer peripheral opening of the through hole on the outer peripheral surface is made larger than the inner peripheral opening of the through hole on the inner peripheral surface. It is characterized by that.
The present invention of claim 14 provides a fluid outlet device according to claim 10 or claim 11, the tubular body has a hollow shaft portion, wherein the hollow shaft on the side of the inner periphery of the tubular body The flow direction changing portion is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the portion, and the fluid flowing in the tubular portion main body is between the first fluid flowing in the hollow shaft portion and the tubular portion main body and the hollow shaft portion. It becomes a flowing second fluid, and the flow direction of the first fluid is not changed, but the flow direction of the second fluid is changed.
The present invention according to claim 15 is characterized in that, in the fluid derivation device according to claim 14 , the tubular portion main body and the hollow shaft portion are connected by the flow direction changing portion.
According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fourteenth aspect , the outer diameter of the hollow shaft opening on the downstream side of the hollow shaft portion is set to the outer diameter of the hollow shaft opening on the upstream side of the hollow shaft portion. It is characterized by being larger than.
The present invention of claim 17, wherein, in the fluid lead device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the air holes formed in the flow pipe by the fluid ejected from the first nozzle It is characterized in that air is sucked into the flow path pipe from the air hole by the generated negative pressure.
The smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method of the present invention according to claim 18 is a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and a fire extinguishing method is applied to the flow path pipe. The fluid supplied from the compressed air source and the water supply source mounted on the vehicle is introduced, and the fluid ejected from the jet port is introduced into the fire compartment from the first opening in the fire compartment. It is characterized in that smoke and heated air in the fire compartment are discharged from the second opening in the fire compartment.
The smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method of the present invention according to claim 19 is a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device according to claim 3 , wherein the gas is any of air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. The fluid in the gas-liquid multiphase flow is characterized by containing fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent.
The portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device of the present invention according to claim 20 is a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, and is the flow path. A fire hose that introduces the fluid supplied from the compressed air source or the water supply source mounted on the fire vehicle is connected to the pipe, and the fluid ejected from the jet port is introduced to the first opening in the fire compartment. It is characterized in that smoke and heated air in the fire compartment are discharged from the second opening in the fire compartment.
The portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device of the present invention according to claim 21 is a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to claim 3 , and the gas is made of air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide. Either way, the fluid in the gas-liquid multiphase flow is characterized by containing fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent.

According to the fluid derivation device of the present invention, the fluid ejected from the jet outlet can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity.
Further, according to the smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method and the portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device of the present invention, a fluid expanded in a predetermined range can be introduced, and smoke and heated air can be easily discharged from the second opening.
Further, according to the smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method and the portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device of the present invention, the diffusion effect can be enhanced and the reachable distance can be extended, and smoke and heated air can be easily discharged.

Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the fluid deriving apparatus according to one Example of this invention. Perspective view of the diffusion member shown in FIG. Image diagram explaining the jet flow by the diffusion member Top view and side sectional view of the flow guide member shown in FIG. Perspective view of a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to this embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device by this Example A photograph showing the configuration of a fluid derivation device according to another embodiment of the present invention. A photograph showing an operation confirmation experiment using the fluid derivation device according to the embodiment shown in FIG. Perspective view of the diffusion member according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Diagram showing the usage of a conventional blower device in a fire area The figure which shows the parameter in the state which the conventional ventilation area covers the whole area of an inlet

Fluid derivation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention are those diffusing member has a flow direction changing part for changing the flow direction of the fluid, by rotation of the spreading member, to diffuse the fluid ejected from the jet port The first nozzle is provided in the flow path pipe, the first nozzle is arranged upstream of the diffusion member, and the fluid ejected from the first nozzle is guided to the diffusion member . According to the present embodiment, the fluid ejected from the jet outlet can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity. Further, by increasing the flow velocity of the fluid leading to the diffusion member, the diffusion effect can be enhanced and the reachable distance can be extended.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the first embodiment, a high-density region is formed in the fluid by the flow direction changing portion, and an extension line of the pipe axis of the flow path pipe is virtualized. When the jet axis is used, the high-density region is formed in the radial direction from the virtual jet axis with respect to the virtual jet cross section orthogonal to the virtual jet axis, and the high-density region is centered on the virtual jet axis by the rotation of the diffusion member. It turns in one direction. According to the present embodiment, the reach of the fluid expanded to a predetermined range can be extended by swirling the high-density region .

In the third embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the first or second embodiment, a second nozzle is provided in the first nozzle, gas is ejected from the second nozzle, and the first nozzle is used. A fluid that is a gas-liquid mixed phase flow is ejected by mixing a gas and a liquid. According to the present embodiment, the gas-liquid mixed phase flow can enhance the diffusion effect and extend the reachable distance.

In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to any one of the first to third embodiments, a flow guiding member that regulates the diffusion of the fluid ejected from the jet port is provided downstream of the diffusion member. It is provided. According to the present embodiment, by regulating the diffusion of the fluid by the flow guiding member, it is possible to match the shape of the target space or the object, and the fluid can reach the entire target space or the target without waste. can.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention is the cross section of the upstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member and the downstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member in the fluid derivation device according to the fourth embodiment. The shape is different, and the opening area of the downstream guiding member opening is larger than that of the upstream guiding member opening. According to the present embodiment, the diffusion of the fluid can be regulated according to the shape of the target space or the target object without impeding the diffusion effect of the diffusion member.

A sixth embodiment of the present invention is the fluid derivation device according to the fifth embodiment, in which the upstream side flow guide member opening is connected to the jet port and the downstream side flow guide member opening is rectangular. Is. According to the present embodiment, when the shape of the target space or the object is rectangular, it can be matched to the shape of the target space or the target, and the fluid reaches the entire target space or the target without waste. be able to.

In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fourth embodiment, the flow guide member is composed of at least a pair of opposite flow guide plate materials, and the pair of guide plate materials are used as jet ports. It is connected. According to the present embodiment, the pair of guide plate materials can be adjusted to the shape of the target space or the target object, and the fluid can reach the entire target space or the target object without waste.

In the eighth embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the seventh embodiment, the downstream end of the guide plate is enlarged from the upstream end of the guide plate, and the width of the guide plate is widened. Is gradually increased from the upstream end to the downstream end. According to the present embodiment, the diffusion of the fluid can be regulated according to the shape of the target space or the target object without impeding the diffusion effect of the diffusion member.

In the ninth embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to any one of the first to eighth embodiments, the diffusion member is rotated by the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe. According to the present embodiment, the diffusion member can be rotated without providing a power source, and the fluid ejected from the jet outlet can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity.

In the fluid derivation device according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion member has a flow direction changing portion for changing the flow direction of the fluid, and the rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port. The diffusion member has a tubular portion main body arranged inside the jet port, and a flow direction changing portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion main body. According to the present embodiment, the fluid ejected from the jet outlet can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity. In addition, the main body of the cylinder can rotate in the jet port, and the fluid ejected from the jet port can be diffused by the flow direction changing portion.

In the fluid derivation device according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, the diffusion member has a flow direction changing portion for changing the flow direction of the fluid, and the rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port. The diffusion member has a tubular portion main body arranged inside the jet port, and a flow direction changing portion is formed downstream from the tubular portion main body. According to the present embodiment, the fluid ejected from the jet outlet can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity. In addition, the main body of the cylinder can rotate in the jet port, and the fluid ejected from the jet port can be diffused by the flow direction changing portion.

In the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the tenth or eleventh embodiment, a through hole extending from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface is formed in the main body of the tubular portion. According to this embodiment, the fluid in the cylinder body can be guided from the through hole between the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder body and the inner peripheral surface of the jet port, and the rotational friction of the cylinder body can be reduced.

In the 13th embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the 12th embodiment, the outer peripheral opening on the outer peripheral surface of the through hole is made larger than the inner peripheral opening on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole. Is. According to this embodiment, the fluid in the main body of the cylinder portion is likely to flow out from the through hole.

A fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is the fluid derivation device according to the tenth or eleventh embodiment, wherein the tubular portion main body has a hollow shaft portion, and the hollow shaft portion is on the inner peripheral side of the tubular portion main body. The flow direction changing portion is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cylinder portion, and the fluid flowing in the cylinder portion main body becomes the first fluid flowing through the hollow shaft portion and the second fluid flowing between the cylinder portion main body and the hollow shaft portion. The flow direction of the fluid is not changed, but the flow direction of the second fluid is changed. According to the present embodiment, the first fluid maintains the flow along the virtual jet axis, the second fluid becomes a flow at an angle with respect to the virtual jet axis, and the first fluid is in the direction of the virtual jet axis. Has a higher flow velocity than the second fluid, and the second fluid is pulled by the first fluid, so that the reach of the fluid diffused by the second fluid can be extended.

According to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the fourteenth embodiment, the tubular portion main body and the hollow shaft portion are connected by a flow direction changing portion. According to the present embodiment, by using the connecting member required for arranging the hollow shaft portion as the flow direction changing portion, it is possible to eliminate unnecessary resistance and give fluid resistance to the flow direction changing portion.

In the 16th embodiment of the present invention, in the fluid derivation device according to the 14th embodiment, the outer diameter of the hollow shaft opening on the downstream side of the hollow shaft portion is set to the outside of the hollow shaft opening on the upstream side of the hollow shaft portion. It is larger than the diameter. According to this embodiment, the diffusion effect can be enhanced.

A seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is a fluid derivation device according to any one of the first to third embodiments, in which an air hole is formed in a flow path pipe and a negative is generated by a fluid ejected from a first nozzle. Air is sucked into the flow path pipe from the air hole by pressure. According to the present embodiment, by sucking air into the flow path pipe, the flow velocity of the fluid ejected from the jet port can be further increased.

The smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention uses the fluid derivation device according to any one of the first to the seventeenth embodiments, and has a flow path pipe, a compressed air source mounted on a fire truck, and a compressed air source. The fluid supplied from the water supply source is introduced, the fluid ejected from the spout is introduced into the fire compartment from the first opening in the fire compartment, and the smoke in the fire compartment is introduced from the second opening in the fire compartment. And to discharge heated air. According to the present embodiment, a fluid spread within a predetermined range can be introduced into the first opening, and smoke and heated air can be easily discharged from the second opening.

In the smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method according to the nineteenth embodiment of the present invention, the fluid derivation device according to the third embodiment was used, and the gas was one of air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, and a gas-liquid mixed phase flow was used. The fluid contains fire extinguishing water or fire extinguishing agent. According to this embodiment, smoke and heated air can be discharged and the fire can be extinguished.

The portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device according to the twentieth embodiment of the present invention uses the fluid derivation device according to any one of the first to seventeenth embodiments, and the flow path pipe is compressed to be mounted on a fire truck. A fire hose that introduces the fluid supplied from the air source or the water supply source is connected, and the fluid ejected from the spout is introduced into the fire compartment from the first opening in the fire compartment, and the second in the fire compartment. Smoke and heated air in the fire compartment are discharged from the opening. According to the present embodiment, a fluid spread within a predetermined range can be introduced into the first opening, and smoke and heated air can be easily discharged from the second opening.

The portable flue gas extinguishing device according to the 21st embodiment of the present invention uses the fluid derivation device according to the 3rd embodiment and uses either air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide as the gas, and is a gas-liquid multiphase flow. The fluid contains fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent. According to this embodiment, smoke and heated air can be discharged and the fire can be extinguished.

Hereinafter, a fluid derivation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the fluid derivation device according to the present embodiment.
In the fluid derivation device 1 according to the present embodiment, the flow path pipe 10 through which the fluid flows, the jet port 11 for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path tube 10, the diffusion member 20 arranged at the jet port 11, and the downstream of the diffusion member 20. It is provided with a flow guide member 30 arranged in.

A first nozzle 41 is provided in the flow path tube 10. The first nozzle 41 is arranged upstream of the diffusion member 20.
A second nozzle 42 is provided in the first nozzle 41.
The first nozzle 41 is formed at one end of the multiphase flow generating portion 51. One end of the liquid supply pipe 52 is connected to the other end side of the multiphase flow generating portion 51.
A liquid connection medium 53 is provided at the other end of the liquid supply pipe 52. The liquid supply pipe 52 is provided with a liquid valve 54 that controls the supply of the liquid.
The second nozzle 42 is formed at one end of the gas supply pipe 55. A gas connection medium 56 is provided at the other end of the gas supply pipe 55. The gas supply pipe 55 is provided with a gas valve 57 that controls the supply of gas.
A gas is ejected from the second nozzle 42, and a fluid in which a gas and a liquid are mixed to form a gas-liquid multiphase flow is ejected from the first nozzle 41. In this way, the gas-liquid mixed phase flow can enhance the diffusion effect and extend the reach.
The fluid ejected from the first nozzle 41 is guided to the diffusion member 20. By increasing the flow velocity of the fluid guided to the diffusion member 20 by the first nozzle 41, the diffusion effect can be enhanced and the reachable distance can be extended.

An air hole 12 is formed in the flow path pipe 10. Air is sucked into the flow path tube 10 from the air holes 12 by the negative pressure generated by the fluid ejected from the first nozzle 41. By sucking air into the flow path pipe 10 in this way, the average flow velocity of the fluid ejected from the jet port 11 can be further increased.
The diffusion member 20 is rotated in the jet port 11 by the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe 10, and diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port 11. In this way, by rotating the diffusion member 20 without providing a power source, the fluid ejected from the jet port 11 can be expanded to a predetermined range while suppressing a decrease in the flow velocity.

When the fluid derivation device 1 according to the present embodiment is used as the portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device 2 (see FIG. 5), the liquid connection medium 53 is filled with the liquid supplied from the water supply source 61 mounted on the fire truck 60. The fire hose 62 for introducing the gas is connected, and the fire hose 64 for introducing the gas supplied from the compressed air source 63 mounted on the fire vehicle 60 is connected to the gas connection medium 56.
The liquid supplied from the water supply source 61 is fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent, and the gas supplied from the compressed air source 63 is either air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the diffusion member shown in FIG.
FIG. 2A is a perspective view seen from the upstream side of the diffusion member, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view seen from the downstream side of the diffusion member.
The diffusion member 20 has a tubular portion main body 21 arranged inside the jet port 11. A flow direction changing portion 22 for changing the flow direction of the fluid is formed on the inner peripheral surface 21s of the tubular portion main body 21.
By rotating the tubular portion main body 21 in the jet port 11, the rotating flow direction changing portion 22 can diffuse the fluid ejected from the jet port 11.
A through hole 23 extending from the inner peripheral surface 21s to the outer peripheral surface 21t is formed in the tubular portion main body 21. The outer peripheral opening on the outer peripheral surface 21t of the through hole 23 is made larger than the inner peripheral opening on the inner peripheral surface 21s of the through hole 23.
By forming the through hole 23 in the tubular portion main body 21 in this way, the fluid in the tubular portion main body 21 is allowed to flow from the through hole 23 between the outer peripheral surface 21t of the tubular portion main body 21 and the inner peripheral surface of the jet port 11. It is possible to guide and reduce the rotational friction of the tubular portion main body 21. Further, by making the outer peripheral opening of the through hole 23 larger than the inner peripheral opening of the through hole 23, the fluid in the tubular portion main body 21 can easily flow out from the through hole 23.

The tubular portion main body 21 has a hollow shaft portion 24, and the tubular portion main body 21 and the hollow shaft portion 24 are connected by a flow direction changing portion 22. Therefore, the flow direction changing portion 22 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the tubular portion main body 21 and on the outer peripheral side of the hollow shaft portion 24.
In the hollow shaft portion 24, the outer diameter of the downstream hollow shaft opening 24d is made larger than the outer diameter of the upstream hollow shaft opening 24u.
As described above, by having the hollow shaft portion 24, the fluid flowing in the tubular portion main body 21 flows between the first fluid flowing in the hollow shaft portion 24 and between the tubular portion main body 21 and the hollow shaft portion 24. There are two fluids, the flow direction of the first fluid is not changed, and the flow direction of the second fluid is changed by the flow direction changing unit 22. Therefore, the first fluid maintains the flow along the virtual jet axis X, the second fluid becomes a flow having an angle θ with respect to the virtual jet axis X, and the first fluid is the first fluid in the virtual jet axis X direction. Since the flow velocity is higher than that of the two fluids and the second fluid is pulled by the first fluid, the reach of the fluid diffused by the second fluid can be extended.
Further, by using the flow direction changing portion 22 as the connecting member required for arranging the hollow shaft portion 24, unnecessary resistance can be eliminated and fluid resistance can be given to the flow direction changing portion 22.
Further, the diffusion effect can be enhanced by making the outer diameter of the downstream hollow shaft opening 24d larger than the outer diameter of the upstream hollow shaft opening 24u.

FIG. 3 is an image diagram illustrating a jet flow by the diffusion member.
FIG. 3 (a) is an image diagram of the fluid ejected from the jet port, and FIGS. 3 (b) to 3 (f) are image diagrams of changes in the high-density region in the virtual jet cross section in the time period T. Although six flow direction changing units 22 are provided in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 describes the flow direction changing unit 22 as one.
When the extension line of the pipe axis of the flow path pipe 10 is the virtual jet axis X, the flow velocity v is relative to one virtual jet cross section H that is separated from the jet port 11 by a certain distance and is orthogonal to the virtual jet axis X. A high density region J is formed by the jet.
The high-density region J is formed in the radial direction from the virtual jet axis X with respect to the virtual jet cross section H orthogonal to the virtual jet axis X, and when the diffusion member 20 rotates, the virtual jet flow is changed by the flow direction changing portion 22. It turns in one direction around the axis X.

Let A, B, C, and D be points in the virtual cylindrical surface K of the high-density region J with respect to the virtual cylindrical surface K having a radius r centered on the virtual jet axis X.
Assuming that the time when the high-density region J reaches the point A of the virtual jet cross section H is t = 0, in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 0, the flow velocity at the point A is the jet flow velocity v, and the points B, C, D The flow velocity of is 0.
FIG. 3B shows that the high density region J in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 0 is at the point A.
FIG. 3C shows that the high density region J in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 1 / 4T is at the point B.
FIG. 3D shows that the high density region J in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 2 / 4T is at the point C.
FIG. 3 (e) shows that the high-density region J in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 3/4 T is at the point D.
FIG. 3 (f) shows that the high-density region J in the virtual jet cross section H at t = 4 / 4T is at the point A.
When time t = T, point A reaches point A', point B reaches point B', point C reaches point C', point D reaches point D', and from point A to point A'. The movement distance of is v ・ T, the movement distance from point B to point B'is v ・ 3/4T, the movement distance from point C to point C'is v ・ 2 / 4T, and the movement distance from point D to point D' The moving distance is v · 1 / 4T.
For example, the wind speed on the line from point A to point A'has a flow velocity of v at t = 0, and then the flow velocity of the accompanying flow at point A gradually decreases until the next high-density region J arrives. If the time cycle T is long, the accompanying flow may disappear once, so the time cycle T is set so that the accompanying flow does not disappear.

Assuming that the high-density region J continuous in the radial direction from the virtual jet axis X to the virtual cylindrical surface K in the virtual jet cross section H is assumed to be one line, the locus of this virtual line is a screw shape centered on the virtual jet axis X. become. If the swirling velocity of the jet is sufficiently high, the interval between the screw wires of the screw is short, that is, the next high-density region J comes before the accompanying flow generated by the passage of the high-density region J is greatly attenuated, and the whole If you look at it, the flow velocity will be almost constant.
By swirling the high-density region J in this way, the reach of the fluid expanded to a predetermined range can be extended.

FIG. 4 is a plan view and a side sectional view of the flow guide member shown in FIG.
FIG. 4A is a plan view of the upstream side of the guiding member, FIG. 4B is a side sectional view of the diffusion member, and FIG. 4C is a plan view of the downstream side of the guiding member.
In the guide member 30, the upstream side guide member opening 31u has a circular shape, the downstream side guide member opening 31d has a rectangular shape, and the upstream side guide member opening 31u and the downstream side guide member opening 31d have a rectangular shape. The cross-sectional shape is different from that of. Further, the opening area of the downstream side guiding member opening 31d is larger than that of the upstream side guiding member opening 31u.
Between the upstream side flow guide member opening 31u and the downstream side flow guide member opening 31d, a flow guide plate material 32 is formed.
In the flow guide member 30, the upstream side flow guide member opening 31u is connected to the jet port 11, and the diffusion of the fluid ejected from the jet port 11 is regulated by the jet plate material 32.
By restricting the diffusion of the fluid by the flow guiding member 30 in this way, it is possible to match the shape of the target space or the target object, and the fluid can reach the entire target space or the target object without waste.
Further, by increasing the opening area of the downstream side conducting member opening 31d from the upstream side guiding member opening 31u, the diffusion effect of the diffusion member 20 is not hindered, and the shape of the target space or the object is formed. At the same time, the diffusion of fluid can be regulated.
Further, when the shape of the target space or the target object is rectangular, the shape of the target space or the target object can be matched, and the fluid can reach the entire target space or the target object without waste.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to the present embodiment.
In the portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device 2 according to the present embodiment, the fluid derivation device 1 is attached to the water cannon 3.
The water cannon 3 includes a leg portion 65 that allows the water cannon 3 to stand on its own, and a water cannon-side liquid connection medium 66 that supplies liquid to the liquid supply pipe 52.
The fluid derivation device 1 forms a flow path pipe 10 through which the fluid flows, a jet flow port 11 for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe 10, a diffusion member 20 arranged at the jet flow port 11, and a first nozzle 41 at one end. A mixed phase flow generating section 51, a liquid supply pipe 52 connected to the other end side of the mixed phase flow generating section 51, a liquid connecting medium 53 provided at the other end of the liquid supply pipe 52, and a liquid valve for controlling the supply of liquid. A flow path tube including a 54, a gas supply pipe 55 having a second nozzle 42 formed at one end, a gas connection medium 56 provided at the other end of the gas supply pipe 55, and a gas valve 57 for controlling the gas supply. An air hole 12 is formed in 10. It is preferable to include the flow guiding member 30 shown in FIG.
Then, as shown in FIG. 1, a fire hose 62 for introducing the liquid supplied from the water supply source 61 mounted on the fire truck 60 is connected to the liquid connection medium 53 via the water discharge gun side liquid connection medium 66. A fire hose 64 for introducing the gas supplied from the compressed air source 63 mounted on the fire vehicle 60 is connected to the gas connection medium 56.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device according to the present embodiment.
The fluid delivery device 1 is installed at an appropriate position near the front of the first opening 71 of the fire compartment 70.
The air compressor (compressed air source) 63 of the CAFS vehicle mounted on the fire engine 60 and the fluid derivation device 1 are connected by a fire hose 64, and the water supply source 61 of the fire engine 60 and the fluid derivation device 1 are connected to the fire hose. Connect at 62.
A mixed phase flow of air and water is forcibly sent from the first opening 71 of the fire compartment 70 into the fire compartment 70, and smoke and heated air are discharged from the second opening 72 of the fire compartment 70. The first opening 71 is usually an entrance / exit of a building section such as a living room or an office, and has a rectangular shape having a predetermined aspect ratio (usually an aspect ratio of 2: 1). The second opening 72 often uses a window of a building section, but an opening portion of another portion may be used as the second opening 72. Alternatively, a part of the wall of the building section may be destroyed to form the second opening 72.

The compressor mounted on the CAFS vehicle has an air flow rate of about 3000 L / min to 4500 L / min and an air supply pressure of about 0.6 MPa to 0.9 MPa. With such a compressor, hundreds of liters of water per minute can be split into fine water droplets that can follow the air flow. By introducing such a large amount of fine water droplets into the fire compartment 70 by a strong jet, a high fire extinguishing effect is brought about. As a result, the firefighters can suppress the fire from the outside without entering the dangerous fire section 70, and the firefighters can extinguish the fire more safely.
As described above, the smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method according to the present embodiment uses the fluid derivation device 1 and introduces the fluid supplied from the compressed air source 63 and the water supply source 61 mounted on the fire engine 60 into the flow path pipe 10. Then, the fluid ejected from the jet port 11 is introduced into the fire compartment 70 from the first opening 71 in the fire compartment 70, and smoke and heated air in the fire compartment 70 from the second opening 72 in the fire compartment 70. To discharge. Then, a fluid expanded within a predetermined range can be introduced into the first opening 71, and smoke and heated air can be easily discharged from the second opening 72.
Then, the gas is any of air, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide, and the fluid in which the gas-liquid mixed phase flow is mixed contains fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent, so that smoke and heated air can be discharged and the fire can be extinguished.

FIG. 7 is a photograph showing the configuration of the fluid derivation device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The same functional members are designated by the same reference numerals, and only the differences from the above embodiments will be described below.
In this embodiment, the jet port 11 in which the diffusion member 20 is arranged inside is attached to the end of the flow path pipe 10. As in this embodiment, the jet port 11 can be attached and detached as a separate member from the flow path tube 10.
In this embodiment, the flow guide member 30 is composed of at least a pair of flow guide plate members 33 facing each other.
A pair of guide plate members 33 are connected to the jet port 11. Therefore, the pair of guide plate members 33 can be adjusted to the shape of the target space or the target object, and the fluid can reach the entire target space or the target object without waste.
The guide plate material 33 has an enlarged downstream end 33d from the upstream end 33u, and the width of the guide plate 33 is gradually increased from the upstream end 33u toward the downstream end 33d. Further, the pair of flow guide plate members 33 have a wider gap between the opposing downstream end portions 33d than the gap between the facing upstream side end portions 33u. Therefore, the diffusion of the fluid can be regulated according to the shape of the target space or the object without impairing the diffusion effect of the diffusion member 20.

FIG. 8 is a photograph showing an operation confirmation experiment using the fluid derivation device according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the pair of guide plate members 33 can be adjusted to the shape of the target space or the target object.
Further, in FIG. 8, it can be seen that the high-density region J described in FIG. 3 is formed.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a diffusion member according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9A is a perspective view seen from the upstream side of the diffusion member, and FIG. 9B is a perspective view seen from the downstream side of the diffusion member. The same functional members are designated by the same reference numerals, and only the differences from the above embodiments will be described below.
The diffusion member 20 according to the present embodiment further forms a flow direction changing portion 25 downstream from the tubular portion main body 21.
In the diffusion member 20 according to the present embodiment, the hollow shaft portion 24 is extended downstream to form a truncated cone-shaped protruding portion 26. A downstream hollow shaft opening 24d is formed in the center of the truncated cone-shaped protrusion 26, and a plurality of flow direction changing portions 25 are formed around the downstream hollow shaft opening 24d.
Similar to the flow direction changing unit 22, the flow direction changing unit 25 has a flow with respect to the virtual jet axis X so that the fluid flowing through the flow direction changing unit 25 has an angle θ with respect to the virtual jet axis X. It is formed by a through hole 23 having an angle θ.
In this way, the tubular portion main body 21 can rotate in the jet port 11, and the flow direction changing portion 22 and the flow direction changing portion 25 can diffuse the fluid ejected from the jet port 11.
In this embodiment, the flow direction changing unit 25 is provided in addition to the flow direction changing unit 22, but the flow direction changing unit 25 may be provided instead of the flow direction changing unit 22.

The fluid derivation device according to the present invention is particularly suitable for a portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device that forcibly discharges smoke and heated air generated in a fire section such as a building to the outside of the fire section to extinguish the fire. Can also be applied to.

1 Fluid derivation device 2 Portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device 3 Water discharge gun 10 Flow path pipe 11 Jet outlet 12 Air hole 20 Diffusion member 21 Cylinder body 21s Inner peripheral surface 21t Outer peripheral surface 22 Flow direction change part 23 Through hole 24 Hollow shaft part 24d Downstream hollow shaft opening 24u Upstream hollow shaft opening 25 Flow direction change part 26 Conical trapezoidal protrusion 30 Jet member 31d Downstream side jet member opening 31u Upstream side jet member opening 32 Jet plate material 33 Jet guide plate 41 1st nozzle 42 2nd nozzle 51 Mixed phase flow generator 52 Liquid supply pipe 53 Liquid connection medium 54 Liquid valve 55 Gas supply pipe 56 Gas connection medium 57 Gas valve 60 Fire truck 61 Water supply source 62 Fire hose 63 Compression Air source (air compressor)
64 Fire hose 65 Leg 70 Fire compartment 71 1st opening 72 2nd opening A, B, C, D Point A', B', C', D'Point H Virtual jet cross section J High density area K Virtual cylinder Surface T Time period X Virtual jet axis

Claims (21)

The flow path pipe through which the fluid flows and
A jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe and
It is provided with a diffusion member to be arranged at the jet port.
The diffusion member has a flow direction changing portion that changes the flow direction of the fluid.
The rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port .
A first nozzle is provided in the flow path tube,
The first nozzle is arranged upstream of the diffusion member, and the first nozzle is arranged upstream of the diffusion member.
A fluid derivation device characterized in that the fluid ejected from the first nozzle is guided to the diffusion member. In the fluid, a high-density region is formed by the flow direction changing portion.
When the extension line of the pipe axis of the flow path pipe is used as the virtual jet axis,
The high-density region is formed in the radial direction from the virtual jet axis with respect to the virtual jet cross section orthogonal to the virtual jet axis.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 1, wherein the high-density region is swiveled in one direction about the virtual jet axis by rotation of the diffusion member. A second nozzle is provided in the first nozzle,
Gas is ejected from the second nozzle.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the fluid is ejected from the first nozzle to form a gas-liquid multiphase flow by mixing the gas and the liquid. The fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein a flow guiding member for regulating the diffusion of the fluid ejected from the jet port is provided downstream of the diffusion member. The cross-sectional shape of the upstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member and the downstream side guiding member opening of the guiding member are made different.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 4 , wherein the downstream side conducting member opening has a larger opening area than the upstream side guiding member opening. The upstream side flow guide member opening is connected to the jet port,
The fluid derivation device according to claim 5 , wherein the downstream side flow guide member opening has a rectangular shape. The flow guide member is composed of at least a pair of flow guide plate materials facing each other.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 4 , wherein the pair of the flow guide plate members are connected to the jet port. The downstream end of the guide plate is enlarged from the upstream end of the guide plate.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 7 , wherein the width of the flow guide plate material is gradually increased from the upstream end portion toward the downstream end portion. The fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 , wherein the diffusion member is rotated by the fluid flowing through the flow path tube. The flow path pipe through which the fluid flows and
A jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe and
With the diffusion member arranged at the jet port
With
The diffusion member has a flow direction changing portion that changes the flow direction of the fluid.
The rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port.
The diffusion member has a tubular portion main body arranged inside the jet port, and has a tubular portion main body.
To that Fluid deriving device, characterized in that the formation of the flow direction changing portion on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. The flow path pipe through which the fluid flows and
A jet port for ejecting the fluid flowing through the flow path pipe and
With the diffusion member arranged at the jet port
With
The diffusion member has a flow direction changing portion that changes the flow direction of the fluid.
The rotation of the diffusion member diffuses the fluid ejected from the jet port.
The diffusion member has a tubular portion main body arranged inside the jet port, and has a tubular portion main body.
To that Fluid deriving device, characterized in that the formation of the flow direction changing portion than the downstream said tubular body. The fluid derivation device according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein a through hole extending from an inner peripheral surface to an outer peripheral surface is formed in the tubular portion main body. The fluid derivation device according to claim 12 , wherein the outer peripheral opening on the outer peripheral surface of the through hole is made larger than the inner peripheral opening on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole. The tubular portion main body has a hollow shaft portion and has a hollow shaft portion.
The flow direction changing portion is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the tubular portion main body and on the outer peripheral side of the hollow shaft portion.
The fluid flowing in the cylinder body is
It becomes a first fluid flowing through the hollow shaft portion and a second fluid flowing between the tubular portion main body and the hollow shaft portion.
The flow direction of the first fluid is not changed.
The fluid derivation device according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein the flow direction of the second fluid is changed. The fluid derivation device according to claim 14 , wherein the tubular portion main body and the hollow shaft portion are connected by the flow direction changing portion. The fluid derivation device according to claim 14 , wherein the outer diameter of the hollow shaft opening on the downstream side of the hollow shaft portion is made larger than the outer diameter of the hollow shaft opening on the upstream side of the hollow shaft portion. An air hole is formed in the flow path pipe to form an air hole.
Fluid outlet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that air is sucked into the flow pipe from the air holes in the negative pressure generated by the fluid ejected from the first nozzle Device. A smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
The fluid supplied from the compressed air source and the water supply source mounted on the fire engine is introduced into the flow path pipe.
The fluid ejected from the jet port is introduced into the fire compartment from the first opening in the fire compartment, and smoke and heated air in the fire compartment are discharged from the second opening in the fire compartment. Smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method characterized by. A smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method using the fluid derivation device according to claim 3.
The gas is either air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide.
A smoke exhaust fire extinguishing method, characterized in that the fluid formed into a gas-liquid mixed phase flow contains fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent. A portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
A fire hose for introducing the fluid supplied from a compressed air source or a water supply source mounted on a fire engine is connected to the flow path pipe.
The fluid ejected from the jet port is introduced into the fire compartment from the first opening in the fire compartment, and smoke and heated air in the fire compartment are discharged from the second opening in the fire compartment. A portable smoke exhaust fire extinguishing device. A portable flue gas extinguishing device using the fluid derivation device according to claim 3.
The gas is either air, nitrogen, or carbon dioxide.
A portable flue gas extinguishing device, characterized in that the fluid having a gas-liquid mixed phase flow contains fire extinguishing water or a fire extinguishing agent.

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