JP6955311B2 - Refrigerant leak countermeasures - Google Patents
Refrigerant leak countermeasures Download PDFInfo
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- JP6955311B2 JP6955311B2 JP2017055237A JP2017055237A JP6955311B2 JP 6955311 B2 JP6955311 B2 JP 6955311B2 JP 2017055237 A JP2017055237 A JP 2017055237A JP 2017055237 A JP2017055237 A JP 2017055237A JP 6955311 B2 JP6955311 B2 JP 6955311B2
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- indoor unit
- outdoor unit
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Ventilation (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Description
本発明は、空調システムの室内機から冷媒が漏れた際の対処方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a coping method when a refrigerant leaks from an indoor unit of an air conditioning system.
一般の空調システムは室外機のコンプレッサで冷媒を液化（凝縮）し、液化した冷媒を室内機で気化（蒸発）し、その際の潜熱で室内の冷房を行い、暖房の場合はこの逆を行う。 In a general air conditioning system, the refrigerant is liquefied (condensed) by the compressor of the outdoor unit, the liquefied refrigerant is vaporized (evaporated) by the indoor unit, the room is cooled by the latent heat at that time, and vice versa in the case of heating. ..
冷媒としてはプロパン、プロピレン、イソブタン或いはこれらの混合物、炭酸ガス、アンモニアなどが用いられている。プロパン、プロピレン、イソブタンなどの炭化水素は可燃物であり、アンモニアは毒物である。そのため、上記室外機及び室内機は冷媒の漏れがないような構造になっているが、配管の継ぎ手部分などから漏れることがある。 As the refrigerant, propane, propylene, isobutane or a mixture thereof, carbon dioxide gas, ammonia and the like are used. Hydrocarbons such as propane, propylene and isobutane are flammable and ammonia is a poison. Therefore, although the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are structured so that the refrigerant does not leak, they may leak from the joint portion of the pipe or the like.
特許文献１には、コンプレッサの運転中に、冷媒ガス検出センサにより冷媒ガスが検出されたときに、異常が発生したと判断してコンプレッサを停止することが開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses that when a refrigerant gas is detected by a refrigerant gas detection sensor during operation of the compressor, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred and the compressor is stopped.
特許文献２には、複数のパラメータを設定してガス漏れがあったか否かを判定し、ガス漏れがあったと判断した場合には運転を停止するようにしている。
In
特許文献３に提案されている方法では、ガス漏れを検知してもコンプレッサの停止などを行うことはせず、室内機内の冷媒を全て室外機に送ることが提案されている。 In the method proposed in Patent Document 3, it is proposed that the compressor is not stopped even if a gas leak is detected, and all the refrigerant in the indoor unit is sent to the outdoor unit.
上述した特許文献１〜３は何れも冷媒漏れを感知した場合、コンプレッサを停止したり、冷媒を室外機へ送ることを行うため、冷房或いは暖房は停止してしまう。特にガスセンサに感度が敏感なものを使用すると、頻繁に誤作動を起こす問題が生じている。 In all of Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above, when a refrigerant leak is detected, the compressor is stopped or the refrigerant is sent to the outdoor unit, so that cooling or heating is stopped. In particular, when a gas sensor with a sensitive sensitivity is used, there is a problem that it frequently malfunctions.
上記の課題を解決するため本発明に係る冷媒漏れ対処方法は、室内機の冷媒パイプとのジョイント部の近傍に検知器と吸引パイプの吸引口を配置した構成で、前記検知器が冷媒漏れを検知すると、吸引パイプにつながる換気扇が駆動し、吸引パイプの吸引口から冷媒を含む空気を吸引して外部に排出することで、室内機周囲の雰囲気中の冷媒ガス濃度を爆発限界未満に維持しつつ、室外機と室内機の運転は継続するようにした。 In order to solve the above problems, the method for dealing with refrigerant leakage according to the present invention has a configuration in which a detector and a suction port of the suction pipe are arranged near the joint portion with the refrigerant pipe of the indoor unit, and the detector detects the refrigerant leakage. When detected, the ventilation fan connected to the suction pipe is driven, and the air containing the refrigerant is sucked from the suction port of the suction pipe and discharged to the outside, so that the concentration of the refrigerant gas in the atmosphere around the indoor unit is maintained below the explosion limit. However, the operation of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit was continued.
ジョイント部からの漏れ量は一定ではなく接続の不具合の度合いによって変わる。この点を考慮すると、最大の漏れ量はジョイント部から冷媒パイプが外れた状態となったときである。そこで、吸引パイプの吸引能力を決める換気扇の規格は最大の漏れ量が発生した場合でもジョイント部近傍の空気中の冷媒ガス濃度を爆発限界濃度未満に希釈できる容量とすることが好ましい。 The amount of leakage from the joint is not constant and varies depending on the degree of connection failure. Considering this point, the maximum amount of leakage is when the refrigerant pipe is disconnected from the joint portion. Therefore, it is preferable that the standard of the ventilation fan that determines the suction capacity of the suction pipe is a capacity that can dilute the concentration of the refrigerant gas in the air near the joint portion to less than the explosion limit concentration even when the maximum leakage amount occurs.
また本発明は冷媒漏れがあっても室内機および室外機の運転は継続する。運転を継続したまま冷媒漏れが続くと、混合冷媒の場合には沸点が高い冷媒の方が先に気化し、残った冷媒の組成割合が変化してしまう。一方、本発明者らは先に新たな混合冷媒として、プロピレンとプロパンの混合冷媒を開発した。この混合冷媒はプロピレンとプロパンと液相での混合割合（重量％）が５０：５０で且つ含有水分量が４ｐｐｍ以下とすることで疑似共沸点を持つものである。 Further, in the present invention, the operation of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit is continued even if there is a refrigerant leak. If refrigerant leakage continues while the operation is continued, in the case of a mixed refrigerant, the refrigerant having a higher boiling point vaporizes first, and the composition ratio of the remaining refrigerant changes. On the other hand, the present inventors have previously developed a mixed refrigerant of propylene and propane as a new mixed refrigerant. This mixed refrigerant has a quasi-azeotropic boiling point when the mixing ratio (% by weight) of propylene, propane and the liquid phase is 50:50 and the water content is 4 ppm or less.
このため、本発明方法をプロピレンとプロパンと混合比率が５０：５０の混合冷媒に適用した場合には、冷媒漏れを検知した後に、冷・暖房の運転を継続したばあいでも混合冷媒の比率は変化せず、そのまま運転継続することに問題はない。 Therefore, when the method of the present invention is applied to a mixed refrigerant having a mixing ratio of propylene and propane at a mixing ratio of 50:50, the ratio of the mixed refrigerant is changed even when the cooling / heating operation is continued after detecting the refrigerant leakage. There is no problem in continuing the operation as it is without changing.
本発明によれば、冷媒漏れを検知したら、室内機のジョイント部近傍から冷媒を含む空気が除去され、直ちに爆発限界未満の濃度になるので安全である。 According to the present invention, when a refrigerant leak is detected, air containing the refrigerant is removed from the vicinity of the joint portion of the indoor unit, and the concentration immediately becomes less than the explosion limit, which is safe.
また、冷媒漏れを検知しても運転を継続するため、空調機の使用者にとって便利であり、また、一旦運転が停止するとその都度点検しなければならす、また頻繁に再稼働させなければならず面倒である。 In addition, it is convenient for air conditioner users because it continues operation even if a refrigerant leak is detected, and once the operation is stopped, it must be inspected each time, and it must be restarted frequently. It's a hassle.
空調システムは室内機１と室外機２を備え、室外機２からの液状冷媒を室内機１に送り込む配管３と、送り込まれた液状冷媒を室内機１で蒸発させて気体状となった冷媒を室外機２に戻す配管４が室内機１と室外機２の間を連結している。
The air conditioner system includes an indoor unit 1 and an
室内機１は天井５に形成した開口に嵌め込まれ、前記配管３、４はジョイント６、７を介して室内機１に接続され、ジョイント６、７の近傍には冷媒検知器８が取付けられ、この冷媒検知器８からの信号は制御装置９に送られる。
The indoor unit 1 is fitted into an opening formed in the
天井裏には既存の換気ダクト１０が設けられ、天井５と換気ダクト１０との間には排気装置１１が設けられている。排気装置１１は一端が前記ジョイント６、７の近傍に開口し他端が線機換気ダクト１０に接続された排気ダクト１２とこの排気ダクト１２の中間に配置される防爆仕様の排気ファン収納部１３からなる。
An existing
排気ファン収納部１３の内部に収納されたファンは制御装置９を介して電源に接続され、冷媒検知器８が冷媒漏れを検知した場合にスイッチが切り替わりファンが駆動する。
The fan housed inside the exhaust
前記ファンを選定する基準としては、例えば、最も冷媒の漏れ量が多くなるものと想定される事態、具体的にはジョイント６、７から配管３、４が外れた場合を想定し、このような場合でもジョイント６、７の周囲雰囲気での冷媒ガス濃度が爆発限界値以下とすることができる容量のファンを選定するのが好ましい。 As a criterion for selecting the fan, for example, it is assumed that the amount of refrigerant leakage is the largest, specifically, the case where the pipes 3 and 4 are disconnected from the joints 6 and 7, and such a case is assumed. Even in this case, it is preferable to select a fan having a capacity that allows the refrigerant gas concentration in the ambient atmosphere of the joints 6 and 7 to be equal to or less than the explosion limit value.
以上において、冷媒検知器８が冷媒漏れを検知するとファンが駆動し、強制排気を行い雰囲気の冷媒ガス濃度は爆発限界値以下を維持するため、冷房（暖房）運転は継続する。 In the above, when the refrigerant detector 8 detects a refrigerant leak, the fan is driven, forced exhaust is performed, and the refrigerant gas concentration in the atmosphere is maintained below the explosion limit value, so that the cooling (heating) operation is continued.
運転を継続することで空調システム内の冷媒の量は徐々に低下する。冷媒として一般の混合冷媒を用いていると、それぞれの冷媒の沸点の差によって、空調システム内に残る混合冷媒の組成割合が変化し、能力低減につながる。 By continuing the operation, the amount of refrigerant in the air conditioning system gradually decreases. When a general mixed refrigerant is used as the refrigerant, the composition ratio of the mixed refrigerant remaining in the air conditioning system changes due to the difference in the boiling points of the respective refrigerants, leading to a reduction in capacity.
しかしながら、混合冷媒としてプロピレンとプロパンの割合（液相組成重量％）を５０：５０で且つ脱水処理した混合冷媒（水分量４ｐｐｍ以下）のものは、気相の組成割合の差が１０％以下となり、疑似共沸点を持つと言える。 However, when the ratio of propylene and propane (liquid phase composition weight%) is 50:50 and the dehydrated mixed refrigerant (moisture content is 4 ppm or less) as the mixed refrigerant, the difference in the gas phase composition ratio is 10% or less. , It can be said that it has a pseudo azeotropic boiling point.
したがって、上記の混合冷媒を用いた場合には冷媒検知器８が冷媒漏れを検知した後、しばらくの間運転を継続しても安全性は確保され且つ冷媒能力の劣化も小さいため、冷媒漏れの警報等が表示されたとしても、直ちに運転を停止する必要はなく、修理担当者を待つことができ、店舗などの空調システムとして有効である。 Therefore, when the above-mentioned mixed refrigerant is used, safety is ensured even if the operation is continued for a while after the refrigerant detector 8 detects the refrigerant leak, and the deterioration of the refrigerant capacity is small. Even if an alarm or the like is displayed, it is not necessary to stop the operation immediately, and the person in charge of repair can wait, which is effective as an air conditioning system for stores and the like.
実施例では冷房について説明したが、暖房の場合の冷媒漏れに関しても同様に対応できる。 Although cooling has been described in the examples, it is possible to deal with refrigerant leakage in the case of heating in the same manner.
用いる冷媒としては、プロピレンとプロパンの混合冷媒（ＧＦ−８：丸八空調工業株式会社）の他に、Ｒ４１０Ａ（ダイキン工業株式会社）など特に限定されない。
The refrigerant used, refrigerant mixture of propylene and propane: In addition to the (G F -8 Maruhachi Air Conditioning Industry Co.), not particularly limited, such as R410A (Daikin Industries, Ltd.).
１…室内機、２…室外機、３、４…配管、５…天井、６、７…ジョイント、８…冷媒検知器、９…制御装置、１０…換気ダクト、１１…排気装置、１２…排気ダクト、１３…排気ファン収納部。
1 ... Indoor unit, 2 ... Outdoor unit, 3, 4 ... Piping, 5 ... Ceiling, 6, 7 ... Joint, 8 ... Refrigerant detector, 9 ... Control device, 10 ... Ventilation duct, 11 ... Exhaust device, 12 ... Exhaust Duct, 13 ... Exhaust fan storage.
Claims (1)
This is a method for dealing with refrigerant leakage in an air conditioning system equipped with an outdoor unit and an indoor unit. The refrigerant is a mixed refrigerant of propane and propylene, and the liquid phase ratio (% by weight) is 50:50 and the water content is 4 ppm or less. Using a mixed refrigerant, a detector and a suction port of the suction pipe are arranged near the joint portion with the refrigerant pipe of the indoor unit, and when the detector detects a refrigerant leak, the ventilation fan is driven to suck the suction pipe. By sucking air containing refrigerant from the mouth and discharging it to the outside, the outdoor unit and indoor unit can be operated without stopping the compressor while keeping the refrigerant gas concentration in the atmosphere around the indoor unit below the explosion limit. A method for dealing with refrigerant leaks, which is characterized by continuing.
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| JP5536270B1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-07-02 | 克延 村上 | Mixed refrigerant and manufacturing method thereof |
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