JP6946207B2 - Control system and control method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to methods and systems for controlling equipment to optimally distribute shared resources.

The installation of distributed power sources such as solar power generation and wind power generation in general households or in regional units is accelerating and becoming widespread. Unlike conventional huge power plants such as thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation do not require specialists and can be installed without taking a long time from installation to operation.

Moreover, in developing countries, there is no transmission line network or distribution line network that developed countries already have, so it takes time to build a power system using a conventional huge power plant and a transmission and distribution network like a mesh. It takes. For this reason, distributed power sources are often installed to supply power at an early stage.

Distributed power sources are easier to install than conventional power plants. At present, it is common to consume the electric power generated by oneself or to have an existing electric power company purchase all the generated electric power. In this case, it is not necessary to adjust the amount of power generation so much.

However, when selling a specified amount of power by combining distributed power sources to the electricity market, or when supplying a controlled amount of power to local consumers as much as necessary, the knowledge of existing power systems It is common to utilize centrally managed control technology that has.

This means that even if electric power energy is operated independently in the region, the operation cannot be established without the operational assistance of major electric power companies. In addition, it is necessary to request control from a specialized power system operator and entrust the operation to utilize the distributed power sources independently installed in developing countries on a village-by-village basis. In either case, many costs are incurred.

Patent Document 1 enables anyone to easily control power by calculating the required power amount by autonomous application control and partially calculating the optimum power generation amount by each generator.

By using this method, it is possible to control distributed power sources without asking a specialized power system operator, to reduce costs and sell power to the power market using multiple distributed power sources, and to the region. It is possible to provide technology for supplying energy.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-293382

However, the solution method shown in Patent Document 1 is centralized control by a server based on control in the cloud. The control characteristics of the power generation equipment differ depending on the equipment, and the operation differs depending on the equipment depending on the degree of sunlight or the fluctuation of the wind. Therefore, it is necessary to individually define the functions required for control for each device.

In order to obtain the calculation results for optimal control of the whole at high speed, a very high-performance server is required as the number of power generation devices to be controlled increases. In addition, a communication network between each terminal and a server that performs centralized control is required. Both require a lot of cost.

In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention, possess a plurality of control terminals, each for controlling one or more devices, the evaluation unit, wherein the evaluation unit, from the control terminal Based on the acquired control result, the penalty unit price of each of the plurality of devices is calculated, the penalty unit price is output to the control terminal, and each control terminal is based on the penalty unit price acquired from the evaluation unit. calculate the profit information of the one or more devices Te, based and benefit information of the device itself control terminal to control, and profit information of the devices besides the control terminal of the first number is controlled, the The control system is a control system that controls one or more devices by determining the control amount of the devices controlled by the self-control terminal and outputs the result of the control to the evaluation unit. , A generator or a storage battery, the target value is the total demand for power allocated to the plurality of the devices, and the control result output from the control terminal is the plurality controlled by the control terminal. The amount of power supplied by the device, and the evaluation unit includes the control terminals and the first number of other control terminals, and the second number of the control terminals is larger than the first number. Based on the target value of the plurality of devices to be controlled and the control result output from each control terminal, the larger the difference between the target value and the control result, the larger the target value and the target. When the result of the control is larger than the value, the magnitude of the penalty unit price corresponding to the difference between the target value and the result of the control is smaller than the target value, the target value and the control result. The penalty unit price of each device is calculated so as to be larger than the magnitude of the penalty unit price corresponding to the difference from the control result, and when each control terminal acquires the penalty unit price from the evaluation unit, the acquired penalty is obtained. The amount of power supplied is calculated from the unit price, the result of control of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal, and the amount of power sold calculated based on the amount of power supplied and the unit price of the amount of power sold. By subtracting the penalty amount calculated based on the above-mentioned penalty unit price and the above-mentioned penalty unit price, the profit of the said device controlled by the self-control terminal is calculated, and from the other control terminal of the first number, the other of the first number. When the profit information of the device controlled by the control terminal is acquired and the calculated profit of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is less than the profit calculated last time, the power supplied by the device controlled by the self-control terminal Reduce the amount As described above, the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is determined, and the benefit of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is the benefit of the device controlled by the self-control terminal and the other of the first number. When it is larger than the average of the profit of the device controlled by the control terminal, the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is determined so as to increase the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-control terminal. When the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is smaller than the profit of any of the devices controlled by the first number of other control terminals, the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is determined. It is characterized in that the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is determined so as to reduce the amount.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the common resource can be optimally distributed when a large number of devices having different characteristics utilize the common resource.

Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the autonomous cooperative type shared resource allocation system of this Example. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process of the autonomous cooperative type shared resource allocation system of this Example. It is a sequence diagram which shows the activation process of the control execution terminal of this Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the conversion process of a control value and importance in this Example. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process of the cooperative operation execution part of the control execution terminal of this Example. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process which the control device control part of this Example controls a control device. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the calculation and preservation of the result based on the control result in this Example. It is a sequence diagram which shows the process of the evaluation judgment execution part of the evaluation judgment terminal of this Example. It is explanatory drawing of the calculation of the burden amount in this Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the table which saved the profit calculation result in this Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the monitoring screen of the whole system displayed by the screen control unit of the evaluation judgment terminal of this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the comparison between the planned amount of common assets and the total amount of achievements in this Example.

Hereinafter, the autonomous cooperative shared resource allocation system in the embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the autonomous cooperative shared resource allocation system of this embodiment. FIG. 1 shows an outline of an embodiment to the extent necessary for understanding and practicing the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.

The autonomous cooperative shared resource allocation system of this embodiment includes an evaluation determination terminal 1, a plurality of control execution terminals 2, and a plurality of control devices 3. The plurality of control execution terminals 2 are connected to the evaluation determination terminal 1 via the network CN1. A control device 3 is connected to each control execution terminal 2 via a network CN2.

The evaluation determination terminal 1 is composed of a computer device. The evaluation determination terminal 1 realizes each function required as the evaluation determination terminal 1 by executing a predetermined computer program by the microprocessor. FIG. 1 has functions F10 (evaluation judgment execution unit), F11 (screen control unit) and F12 (communication control unit) realized by the evaluation determination terminal 1, and data table T10 (evaluation values of all terminals) as needed. Database) and T11 (command value database) are used.

The evaluation determination terminal 1 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11, a memory 12, a communication unit 13, a storage unit 14, and a UI (User Interface) 15 connected to each other. The CPU 11 is a processor that realizes various functions by executing a program stored in the memory 12. The memory 12 is, for example, a storage device such as a DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), and stores a program executed by the CPU 11 and data to be referred to. The communication unit 13 is an interface device that communicates with the control execution terminal 2 via the CN1.

The storage unit 14 is, for example, a storage device such as a hard disk drive or a flash memory, and stores a program executed by the CPU 11 and data to be referred to. For example, at least a part of the program and data stored in the storage unit 14 may be copied to the memory 12 and executed or referenced by the CPU 11. The storage unit 14 of this embodiment stores the data tables T10 and T11. Further, the storage unit 14 of this embodiment stores a program for realizing the functions F10 to F12. In the following description, the processes executed by the functions F10 to F12 are actually executed by the CPU 11 according to these programs.

The UI 15 is a device that inputs information from the user and outputs information to the user, and may include, for example, an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, and an output device such as an image display device. Further, the input device and the output device may be integrated, for example, an image display device with a touch sensor (so-called touch panel).

The evaluation determination terminal 1 adds up the control execution results collected from the control execution terminal 2, compares them with the target value, calculates the burden amount uniformly borne by the control execution terminal 2 from the comparison results, and causes the control execution terminal 2 to bear the burden. Send the burden amount. This function will be described later with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

The evaluation judgment terminal 1 can also be used as a computer terminal used by a user such as a system administrator, and can input various data information serving as an execution reference of the control execution terminal 2, and can input various data information as an execution reference, or can input various data information, and the evaluation judgment terminal 1 and the control execution terminal. Display information from 2. This function will be described later with reference to FIG.

The control execution terminal 2 is composed of a computer device, and is connected to the control device 3 via the network CN2. The control execution terminal 2 realizes each function required as the control execution terminal 2 by executing a predetermined computer program by the microprocessor. FIG. 1 has functions F20 (cooperative operation execution unit), F21 (control device control unit), and F22 (communication control unit) realized by the control execution terminal 2, and data table T20 (evaluation value of the terminal) is provided as needed. Database), T21 (evaluation function group) and T22 (result storage database) are used.

The control execution terminal 2 is composed of a CPU 21, a memory 22, a communication unit 23, and a storage unit 24 that are connected to each other. Since the description of each of these parts is the same as the description of the CPU 11, the memory 12, the communication unit 13, and the storage unit 14, the description thereof will be omitted. In the following description, the processes executed by the functions F20 to F22 are actually executed by the CPU 21 according to the program stored in the memory 22.

The control device 3 includes one or more devices A31 and one or more devices B32. For example, the device A31 is a photovoltaic power generator, and the device B32 is a storage battery. Although the control device 3 includes a computer device for controlling the device A31 and the device B32, it will be omitted in the description of this embodiment.

Each control execution terminal 2 is connected to a control device 3 including a device A31 and a device B32 having different characteristics. For example, the control device 3 connected to a certain control execution terminal 2 includes a photovoltaic power generator as the device A31 and a storage battery as the device B32, and the control device 3 connected to another control execution terminal 2 is a device A31. It may include a wind power generator and may not include equipment B32.

The control execution terminal 2 exchanges information with another control execution terminal 2, determines a target output amount obtained by operating the control device 3, determines a control value for that purpose, and controls the device. Since control devices 3 having different characteristics are connected to each control execution terminal 2, information exchange uses a common and comparable importance between the control execution terminals 2. The conversion between the control value and the importance will be described later with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, the importance is an index indicating the magnitude of the control result (for example, the amount of results such as the amount of power generation or the amount of discharge) assigned to the control device 3. For example, as will be described later, when it is desired to increase the power generation amount of a certain control device 3 based on the profit of each control device 3, the control execution terminal 2 that controls the control device 3 increases its own importance. Let me.

The control execution terminal 2 is requested to exchange information with the other control execution terminal 2 and reduce the importance of the other control execution terminal 2 as necessary. Each control execution terminal 2 controls the control device 3 according to the determined importance, and saves the result. Information exchange and determination of importance will be described later with reference to FIG. 5, and the process of controlling the control device 3 from importance will be described later with reference to FIG.

The control execution terminal 2 transmits the control result to the evaluation determination terminal 1 and receives the burden amount. The control execution terminal 2 calculates a profit from the control result and the burden amount, and determines the increase / decrease in importance from the change in the profit and the information exchange result with another control execution terminal 2. This process will be described later with reference to FIGS. 2 and 5.

The control execution terminal 2 operates to increase the importance in order to increase the profit, but if the amount of achievements due to the increase in the importance increases too much, the burden amount increases and the profit decreases. As a result, each control execution terminal 2 is less important. With this operation, this system maintains an appropriate total amount of achievements.

In FIG. 1, the function of the evaluation determination terminal 1 to evaluate the control result of each control device 3 and determine the burden amount (for example, this may be called an evaluation unit) is independent of the control execution terminal 2. It shows an example realized by the hardware (terminal). As a result, the evaluation determination terminal 1 can be placed at an arbitrary position regardless of the positions of the control devices 3 and the control execution terminals 2. However, such a configuration is an example, and the function may be realized by any hardware in the system. For example, a program for realizing the evaluation determination execution unit F10 to the communication control unit F12 and the evaluation value database T10 to the command value database T11 of all terminals are stored in the storage unit 24 of any of the plurality of control execution terminals 2, and the CPU 21 The above-mentioned function of the evaluation determination terminal 1 may be realized.

FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram showing the processing of the autonomous cooperative shared resource allocation system of this embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 2 shows the processing of the evaluation determination terminal 1, the control execution terminal A, and the control execution terminal B. The control execution terminal A and the control execution terminal B shown in FIG. 2 are each one of the plurality of control execution terminals 2 shown in FIG.

The evaluation determination terminal 1 first performs an activation process (S211). In the activation process, it is confirmed whether the terminal can be properly executed, the communication control unit F12 establishes communication with the control execution terminal, and the target value and the evaluation function of the burden amount are input to the command value database T11.

The control execution terminal 2 first performs activation processing (S221, S231). The activation process will be described later in FIG. Subsequently, the control execution terminal 2 performs conversion processing (S222, S232) of the control value and the importance. In this process, information is exchanged between the control execution terminals 2 to which the control devices 3 having different characteristics are connected, so that the control values are converted into values called importance that can be compared in common.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the conversion process (S222, S232) of the control value and the importance in this embodiment.

Specifically, FIG. 4 is a conversion table of importance and control value, which is stored in the evaluation function group T21 of the control execution terminal 2. FIG. 4 shows a table T211 (FIG. 4A) for converting the control value and the importance of the device A31, and a table T212 for converting the control value and the importance of the device B32. Each table is composed of an importance T41, a controlled object T42, a minimum control value T43, and a maximum control value T44.

For example, in the table T211 shown in FIG. 4A, the control target of the device A31 which is a photovoltaic power generator is the number of power generation panels, the control value “0” corresponds to the importance “0”, and the control value “1”. "To" 4 "corresponds to the importance" 1 ". In this example, the larger the control value, the higher the importance corresponding to it. For example, the control values "33" to "36" correspond to the importance "10".

Further, in the table T212 shown in FIG. 4B, the control target of the device B32, which is a storage battery, is the number of discharge blocks, the control value "0" corresponds to the importance "0", and the control values "1" to " 6 ”indicates that it corresponds to the importance“ 1 ”. In this example as well, the larger the control value, the higher the importance corresponding to it. For example, the control values "55" to "60" correspond to the importance "10".

In the control value-importance conversion process (S222, S232), the tables T211 and T212 are used to determine what to control and what value range of the device according to the importance. Note that these tables may be prepared in advance, may be created by exchanging information between the control execution terminal 2 and the control device 3 during the activation process, or may be created while the control is being executed. The correspondence between the control value and the importance may be changed so that the control can be performed more wisely by using machine learning or the like.

Subsequently, the control execution terminal 2 exchanges information (S223, S233) with another control execution terminal 2. At this time, the control execution terminal 2 establishes a communication path for exchanging information. Communication path establishment methods include, for example, mobile ad hoc network technology in which adjacent terminals communicate with each other to autonomously construct a communication path, short-range medium-speed wireless technology used in sensor networks, or long-range low-speed wireless technology. Use. Either method may be used.

Further, the control execution terminal 2 determines whether or not it is necessary to request a change in the importance of the other control execution terminal 2 from the result of information exchange (S223, S233) with the other control execution terminal 2 ( S224), if necessary, make a request (S225). The other control execution terminal 2 (control execution terminal B in the example of FIG. 2) receives the request (S234). After that, each control execution terminal 2 determines its importance (S226, S235). The control execution terminal 2 that has received the above request determines the importance based on the request.

Note that FIG. 2 shows a determination (S224) as to whether or not the control execution terminal A needs to request a change in importance, and a request transmission (S225) according to the result of the determination. Shows an example in which receives a request (S234) and determines the importance according to the request (S235). However, these processes are mutually executed between the control execution terminals 2 that exchange information. That is, in reality, the control execution terminal B also executes the same processing as in S224 and S225, and the control execution terminal A determines the importance based on the request received from the control execution terminal B in the same manner as in S234 and S235. ..

Further, in FIG. 2, for simplification of explanation, each control execution terminal 2 exchanges information (S223, S233) with one other control execution terminal 2 and exchanges information with the other control execution terminal 2. An example of performing the processing of S224 to S226 and S234 to S235 is shown. However, in reality, each control execution terminal 2 may perform the above processing with two or more other control execution terminals 2.

In this embodiment, each control execution terminal 2 exchanges information with four other control execution terminals 2, and performs the same processing as S224 to S226 and S234 to S235 with the other control execution terminal 2. It is supposed to be done. For example, the control execution terminal A exchanges information (S223) with four other control execution terminals 2 including the control execution terminal B, and based on the result, with each of the four other control execution terminals 2. The processing of S224 to S226 is performed between them. Similarly, the control execution terminal B exchanges information (S233) with four other control execution terminals 2 including the control execution terminal A, and based on the result, with each of the four other control execution terminals 2. The same processing as in S224 to S226 is performed between the two.

At this time, the three control execution terminals 2 other than the control execution terminal A with which the control execution terminal B exchanges information have three controls other than the control execution terminal B with which the control execution terminal A exchanges information. It may be the same as the execution terminal 2, but it may be different. For example, when each control execution terminal 2 is identified by an alphabet such as A to H, the control execution terminal A exchanges information with the control execution terminals B, C, D, and E, and the control execution terminal B exchanges information with the control execution terminal A. , F, G and H may be exchanged for information.

In this embodiment, for convenience, the relationship between each control execution terminal 2 and another control execution terminal 2 in which the control execution terminal 2 exchanges information and performs the same processing as in S224 to S226 and S234 to S235 is described as " "Adjacent". For example, in the above example, the control execution terminal A is adjacent to the control execution terminals B, C, D and E, and the control execution terminal B is adjacent to the control execution terminals A, F, G and H.

This "adjacent" does not necessarily mean the geographical proximity between the control execution terminals 2 (or between the control devices 3 controlled by them). Further, the number of other control execution terminals 2 adjacent to each control execution terminal 2 is not limited to 4. However, when the information exchange between the control execution terminals 2 is performed by directly communicating between the control execution terminals 2 and the distance during which the communication is possible is limited, the communication is close enough to be possible. Is required. Further, when communication is performed between all the control execution terminals 2 that are adjacent to each other, the number of other control execution terminals 2 adjacent to each control execution terminal 2 is increased in order to suppress the communication amount of the entire system. , It is desirable to be limited to a relatively small number (eg 10 or less).

As described above, each control execution terminal 2 exchanges information with a limited number of other adjacent control execution terminals 2 by using, for example, a technique for autonomously constructing a communication path. By determining the control value based on the result as described later, for example, when a new combination of the control execution terminal 2 and the control device 3 is added to the system, or when the existing combination is deleted, etc. You can flexibly respond and optimize the whole.

Details of the processes corresponding to S224 to S226 and S234 to S235 executed by each control execution terminal 2 will be described later with reference to FIG.

Subsequently, the control execution terminal 2 converts the determined importance to the control value (S227, S236). Specifically, the control execution terminal 2 refers to the importance and control value conversion tables T211 and T212 shown in FIG. 4, and acquires the control value corresponding to the determined importance.

Subsequently, the control execution terminal 2 controls the control device 3 based on the determined control value (S228, S237), and saves the result. This process will be described later with reference to FIG.

For example, when the control device 3 is a photovoltaic power generator, the amount of power generation is increased or decreased by switching the number of solar panels used for power generation. At this time, the amount of power generated per solar panel may differ depending on the model of the solar panel and the like. In other words, the control value required to obtain the same amount of power generation may differ depending on the model of the solar panel and the like. At this time, by using a table T211 or the like that associates the importance of indicating the magnitude of the amount of power generation with the control value (for example, the number of solar panels used) required to obtain the amount of power generation for each type of device. Each control device 3 can be controlled so that an appropriate amount of power generation can be obtained.

That is, in the table for any control device 3, the conversion table is created so that the control values corresponding to the same importance are the control values required to obtain substantially the same amount of power generation (or amount of discharge). NS. Each control execution terminal 2 uses the amount of power generation (or the amount of discharge) assigned to the control device 3 that it controls based on the information exchanged with other adjacent control execution terminals 2 as an index of importance. The control amount of the control device 3 required to obtain the power generation amount (or discharge amount) is determined based on the conversion table prepared in advance. As a result, even if the control value required to obtain the desired amount of result (that is, the amount of power generation, etc.) differs for each type of the control device 3, the control device 3 can appropriately obtain the desired amount of result. Can be controlled.

Subsequently, the control execution terminal 2 transmits the control result (S229, S238). The evaluation determination terminal 1 receives the result (S212). The control result may be transmitted mainly by the control execution terminal 2 or may be collected from the control execution terminal 2 mainly by the evaluation determination terminal 1.

The evaluation determination terminal 1 calculates the burden amount (S213) from the result of receiving the control result (S212). This process will be described later in FIG. After that, the evaluation determination terminal 1 transmits the burden amount to all the control execution terminals 2 (S214). On the other hand, the control execution terminal 2 calculates the result (S2210, S239). After that, when the control execution terminal 2 receives the burden amount transmitted from the evaluation determination terminal 1 in S214 (S2211, S2310), the control execution terminal 2 calculates the profit based on the received burden amount (S2212, S2311).

In FIG. 2, for simplification of the explanation, the evaluation determination terminal 1 receives the control result from the two control execution terminals 2 (that is, the control execution terminals A and B) (S212), and calculates the burden amount based on the control result (S212). Then (S213), an example of transmitting it to the two control execution terminals 2 (S214) is shown. However, in reality, the evaluation determination terminal 1 receives the control results from all the control execution terminals 2 shown in FIG. 1 (S212), calculates the burden amount based on the control results (S212), and calculates all of them (S213). It is transmitted to the control execution terminal 2 (S214).

All the control execution terminals 2 referred to here are, for example, all of a further number of control execution terminals 2 including the control execution terminals A to H in the above example. More specifically, all the control execution terminals 2 may be, for example, all the control execution terminals 2 that control all the control devices 3 installed in a certain city, a certain town, or a certain housing complex. By calculating the burden amount based on these control results and calculating the profit based on it as described later, a shared resource set in an arbitrary range such as a certain city, a certain town, or a certain housing complex ( For example, the amount of electric power demand) can be distributed to each control device 3 without excess or deficiency.

The reception of the control result (S212) and the transmission of the burden amount (S214) are performed via the network CN1. The network CN1 may be of any kind as long as it enables communication between the evaluation determination terminal 1 and each control execution terminal 2. For example, the network CN1 may be an existing mobile phone network.

The calculation of profit (S2212, S2311) is the result (that is, the result of control) obtained by controlling the control device 3 based on the importance determined by the control execution terminal 2 exchanging information with another control execution terminal 2. , Calculated from the burden amount obtained from the evaluation determination terminal 1. Specifically, it is calculated by the following formula.

Profit = Achievement-Burden amount = Power sales amount obtained from power generation amount-Penalty amount based on all power generation amount = (Power generation amount based on control x Power sales amount per unit power generation amount)
-(Power generation amount based on control x Penalty amount per unit power generation amount)

Although it is described here as the amount of power generation, this means the amount of power supplied by the generator when the control device 3 is a generator. When the control device 3 is a storage battery, the amount of power generated in the above equation is replaced by the amount of power supplied by the storage battery (that is, the amount of discharge).

The penalty amount per unit power generation amount (that is, the penalty unit price) is determined by, for example, the method shown in FIG. The evaluation determination terminal 1 calculates the penalty unit price in S213 and transmits it in S214. Each control execution terminal 2 calculates the profit from the received penalty unit price by the above formula (S2212, S2311).

In this embodiment, the "penalty" is an index indicating the degree of promoting the suppression of the control amount of the device, and is treated as a cost when calculating the profit of each device (that is, the profit as well as the cost). Acts to reduce). The total amount of actual control results (for example, the actual amount of power generation and the amount of discharge transmitted from each control execution terminal 2) with respect to the total target value (for example, power demand) of the total control results of all the control devices 3 constituting the system. The larger the difference, the larger the penalty value.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a table in which the profit calculation results in this embodiment are stored.

The profit history database T224 is composed of a start time T101, an end time T102, a device A result amount T103, a device B result amount T104, a burden amount T105, and a profit T106.

The device A result amount T103 and the device B result amount T104 correspond to the power generation amount (or discharge amount) based on the control of both. By multiplying these achievements by the unit price, the amount of power generation (that is, the achievements in the above formula) is calculated. In addition, the burden amount corresponds to the penalty amount. From these values, the profit calculated by using the above formula is stored in the profit T106.

Both the evaluation determination terminal 1 and the control execution terminal 2 repeatedly execute the above processes.

The control execution terminal 2 may increase or decrease its own importance and change the control amount immediately after executing the calculation of the profit of the device controlled by the self-control execution terminal 2 (S2212, S2311). .. For example, when the calculated profit is reduced from the previously calculated profit, the control execution terminal 2 reduces the importance and reduces the amount of power generated by the device controlled by the self-control execution terminal 2. May be changed to. Similarly, when the calculated profit increases from the previously calculated profit, the control execution terminal 2 increases the importance, and the power generation amount increases the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control execution terminal 2. You may change the direction. At this time, for example, if it is set that a few percent of the control value may be changed, the power generation amount of the entire system can be appropriately maintained by performing fine control within the set range.

FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing activation processing (S221, S231) of the control execution terminal 2 of this embodiment. This process is executed by the control device control unit F21.

In the example of FIG. 3, the control device 3 connected to the control execution terminal 2 includes the device A31 and the device B32. The device A31 performs a start-up process (S311), and the device B32 performs a start-up process (S331) to prepare for establishing a connection with the control execution terminal 2 and execute a self-check of the device.

The control device control unit F21 first establishes communication with the device (S321), and if the communication establishment is unsuccessful (S322: No), terminates the activation process as an abnormal termination (S328).

When the communication establishment is successful (S322: Yes), the device information collection (S323) is performed. That is, the device A31 and the device B32 exchange information (S312, S332), and the control execution terminal 2 collects basic information such as specifications and characteristics of each device.

Subsequently, the control device control unit F21 searches for the optimum evaluation function for their control (S324) based on the acquired information of the device A31 and the device B32, and if there is no evaluation function (S325: No), It is determined that control is impossible, and the startup process is terminated as an abnormal termination (S328). When there is an evaluation function (S325: Yes), the control device control unit F21 determines the evaluation function (S326), confirms whether the device can be controlled by the evaluation function (S313, S327, S333), and starts the process. Is finished (S329).

By including the evaluation function, the control device control unit F21 eliminates the need for development specialized for each device, and can execute this system by adding a control execution terminal to various control devices.

FIG. 5 is a sequence diagram showing the processing of the cooperative operation execution unit F20 of the control execution terminal 2 of this embodiment.

Specifically, the process shown in FIG. 5 corresponds to the processes of S224 to S226 and S234 to S235 of FIG.

The cooperative operation execution unit F20 exchanges information with another control execution terminal 2 (S223, S233), and determines its own importance. In this embodiment, information indicating the profit of the control device 3 controlled by each control execution terminal 2 is exchanged between the control execution terminals 2, and the importance calculation point is increased or decreased based on the information, and the importance remaining as a result of the increase or decrease is increased or decreased. A method of determining the importance from the size of the degree calculation point is used.

First, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 confirms whether or not the profit of itself (that is, the control device 3 controlled by the self-control execution terminal 2) is reduced (S51). This can be confirmed by comparing the previous profit with the latest profit. When one's own profit is declining (S51: Yes), the cooperative operation execution unit F20 reduces the importance calculation point by 4 (S52).

Here, the importance calculation point is reduced by 4 because the number of control execution terminals 2 adjacent to the control execution terminals 2 in this example is 4. If the number of control execution terminals 2 adjacent to the control execution terminals 2 is 5, the importance calculation point is reduced by 5 in S52.

Subsequently, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 transmits the profit to the other control execution terminal 2 via the communication processing unit F22 (S53). Further, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 receives a profit from another control execution terminal 2 via the communication processing unit F22 (S54). Then, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 calculates the average of them based on their own profit and the profit acquired from the other control execution terminal 2 (S55).

When one's own profit is above the average (S56: Yes), the cooperative operation execution unit F20 raises the importance calculation point by 1 (S57). If not (S56: No), nothing is done. In addition, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 transmits a message of importance reduction request to the control execution terminal 2 having a lower profit than itself (S58). However, if the importance of oneself is already the highest, the process of S57 is not executed.

Subsequently, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 waits for reception (S58) of the importance reduction request from the other control execution terminal 2. When the cooperative operation execution unit F20 receives the importance reduction request from the other control execution terminal 2 (S59: Yes), the importance calculation point is reduced by 1 (S510), and when it is not (S59: No), the importance calculation point is reduced by 1. ,do nothing. The cooperative operation execution unit F20 determines whether or not the importance reduction request has been received from all of the adjacent control execution terminals 2 (S511), and has not received the importance reduction request from at least one adjacent control execution terminal 2. In the case (S5111: No), the processes after S59 are repeatedly executed.

As described above, the control execution terminal 2 does not send the message of the importance reduction request to the control execution terminal 2 which has a higher profit than itself. Therefore, the control execution terminal 2 may not receive the message of the importance reduction request from another control execution terminal 2 indefinitely. Therefore, the cooperative operation execution unit F20 does not receive the importance reduction request from all of the adjacent control execution terminals 2 after a predetermined time has elapsed after starting the reception waiting (S58) of the importance reduction request. However, S59 may be executed based on whether or not it has been received so far.

When the importance reduction request is received from all of the adjacent control execution terminals 2 (S511: Yes), the cooperative operation execution unit F20 subsequently determines the increase / decrease result of the importance calculation point (S512). When the importance calculation points obtained as a result of the increase / decrease performed so far are 1 or more (S512: 1 or more), the cooperative operation execution unit F20 raises the importance by 1 (S513). When it is 0 (S512: 0), the importance is not changed (S514). If it is negative (S512: negative value), the importance is lowered by 1 (S515).

As mentioned above, when one's own profit is lower than the previous time (S51: Yes), the importance calculation points decrease, so the importance tends to decrease in the end (in other words, the amount of achievements decreases). The amount of control is likely to be changed). The same applies when one's own profit is smaller than the profit obtained from the adjacent terminal (S59: Yes). On the other hand, when one's own profit is larger than the average of one's own profit and the profit obtained from a terminal adjacent to oneself (S56: Yes), the importance calculation point increases, so that the importance tends to increase (in other words). Then, the control amount is likely to be changed so that the result amount increases).

When the profit is increased by the above processing, the control execution terminal 2 that creates more profit increases the importance and the result. Next, the control execution terminal 2 that creates a profit increases the importance and the result. Also, if the profit goes down, the importance automatically goes down.

The cooperative operation execution unit F20 may change the amount of increase / decrease in importance according to the amount of increase and decrease in profit. This makes it possible to respond more flexibly to changes. Further, depending on the characteristics of the control device 3, it may not be possible to produce results according to the importance. For example, in the case of solar power generation, the planned amount of power generation may not be output due to sudden changes in the weather. In such a case, the calculation may be corrected by using the planned profit instead of the actual profit.

FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing a process in which the control device control unit F21 of this embodiment controls the control device 3.

First, the control device control unit F21 calculates the control value based on the importance (S601). As described in FIG. 2, this process is a process of converting values using the tables T211 and T212 shown in FIG.

Subsequently, the control device control unit F21 performs control according to the characteristics of the control device 3 at each control execution terminal 2 (S602). This control may be, for example, feedback control or control that is automatically executed mechanically, and the method is not limited. The control device control unit F21 determines whether a certain time has elapsed (S603), and if not (S603: No), the control of S602 is continued. When a certain time has elapsed (S603: Yes), the control device control unit F21 calculates and saves the result (S604) based on the control result (S605).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of calculation of results (S604) and storage thereof (S605) based on the control results in this embodiment.

As the result storage database T22, the table T221 (FIG. 7 (a)) stores the control result of the device A31, and the table T222 (FIG. 7 (b)) stores the control result of the device B32. ). Each of these tables is composed of a time T71, an importance T72, a controlled object T73, a control value T74, and an achievement amount T75.

Since the device A31 assumes a photovoltaic power generator, the control value T74 of the table T221 is finely adjusted. In addition, due to the influence of sunlight, the amount of power generated, T75, is also fluctuating. On the other hand, since the device B32 assumes a storage battery, the control value T74 of the table T222 is a constant value, and the result amount T75, which is the discharge amount, is also constant.

Table T223 (FIG. 7 (c)) stores the results of the amount of achievements as the control device 3. The table T223 is composed of a start time T76, an end time T77, a cumulative achievement amount T78 of the device A, and a cumulative achievement amount T79 of the device B. Since the amount of achievement is the control result within a certain period of time, the start time T76 and the end time T77 are shown in the table T223. This time width can be changed according to the purpose, for example, 15 minutes if power sales are assumed, 1 minute if fine control is required, and so on.

The control results of each device are stored in the cumulative result amount T78 of the device A and the cumulative result amount T79 of the device B. These values are used when calculating profits.

FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing the processing of the evaluation determination execution unit F10 of the evaluation determination terminal 1 of this embodiment.

The evaluation determination execution unit F10 first acquires the planned amount of shared assets (S801) and stores it in the command value database T11. In this embodiment, the amount of shared assets is the amount of demand or the amount of electricity sold. This value may be obtained from, for example, a demand forecasting system, or may be determined based on the amount of power supplied declared in the electricity market transaction. The method does not matter.

Subsequently, the evaluation determination execution unit F10 acquires the result from the control execution terminal 2 via the communication control unit F12 (S802). The evaluation determination execution unit F10 determines whether or not the results have been acquired from all the control execution terminals 2 (S803), and if not (S803: No), repeats S802. If it can be acquired (S803: Yes), the evaluation determination execution unit F10 saves the acquired results in the evaluation value database T10 of all terminals, and totals all the results (S804).

Subsequently, the evaluation determination execution unit F10 compares the planned shared asset amount and the total result amount (S805), calculates the burden amount based on the result (S806), and calculates the result for all terminal values. It is saved in the evaluation value database T10 of.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a comparison (S805) between the planned shared asset amount and the total result amount in this embodiment.

The planned amount of shared assets is the total demand amount of 93 in this embodiment. Now, the total value of the power generation amount of the control device A31 controlled by the control execution terminal A and the power generation amount of the control device B32 controlled by the control execution terminal B (the discharge amount when the control device B32 is a storage battery) is If the total demand is less than 93, a value smaller than 0 is obtained as the difference 91. On the other hand, when the total value is larger than the total demand amount 93, a value larger than 0 is obtained as the difference 92.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the calculation of the burden amount (S806) in this embodiment.

The evaluation determination execution unit F10 calculates the penalty amount using the change graph T111 of the burden amount stored in the command value database T11. The horizontal axis of this graph is the difference between the total demand (that is, the target value of the total control result) and the total power generation amount (that is, the total of the actual control results), and the vertical axis is the penalty amount per unit power generation amount (that is, the total amount of power generation). Penalty unit price). The value "0" on the horizontal axis indicates that the total amount of power generation is equal to the total amount of demand. In the evaluation function represented by this graph, when the power generation amount of all members is insufficient with respect to the total demand amount 93, the penalty amount decreases as the difference 91 with respect to the total demand amount decreases. On the other hand, when the power generation amount of all the members is excessive with respect to the total demand amount 93, the penalty amount rises sharply as the difference 92 with respect to the total demand amount increases.

Specifically, when the total demand amount and the total power generation amount are the same, the penalty unit price becomes 0, and the larger the difference between the two, the larger the penalty unit price increases. At this time, even if the difference between the two is the same, the penalty unit price is calculated to be larger when the total power generation amount is larger than the total demand amount as compared with the case where the total power generation amount is smaller than the total demand amount. As a result, the control device 3 is controlled so that the total power generation amount approaches the total demand amount, and in particular, the control device 3 is controlled so that the total power generation amount does not exceed the total demand amount.

If the change graph T111 of the burden amount is used, the profit increases by the amount that the shortage of the power generation amount with respect to the demand amount decreases, and the profit sharply decreases when the excess amount with respect to the demand amount occurs. Based on this, the control execution terminal 2 adjusts the control amount. Such a change graph T111 is used because the shortage of power generation with respect to the demand has less influence on the power system than the excess.

The evaluation judgment terminal 1 can make the above adjustments by adding up the power generation amounts of all the control execution terminals and substituting them into the function, and executing only an extremely lightweight calculation, thereby reducing costs. It has a strong effect.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the monitoring screen D11 of the entire system displayed by the screen control unit F11 of the evaluation determination terminal 1 of this embodiment.

The monitoring screen D11 includes a display area D101 in which the power network configuration of the control execution terminal 2 and the power generation status of the devices A31 and B32 of the respective control devices 3 can be confirmed. Further, the monitoring screen D11 includes a display area D102 for the current time and a display area D103 for the weather information. Further, the monitoring screen D11 includes a display area D104 in which the total demand amount, the total power generation amount, and the future demand amount can be confirmed together with the time.

According to the above embodiment, each terminal (control execution terminal) controls control devices having different characteristics, and a certain shared resource (total demand in this embodiment) is utilized by all terminals. It is possible to provide a function of optimally distributing shared resources so as to maximize the overall profit under the condition that the profit is obtained based on the utilization result.

More specifically, according to this embodiment, information is exchanged based on a value that can be compared in common by each terminal (importance in this embodiment), the amount of shared resources to be utilized is determined, and the value is evaluated. Send to the judgment terminal. The evaluation judgment terminal returns to each terminal a value (penalty unit price in this embodiment) uniformly borne by all terminals based on a comparison between the total amount of shared resources determined by all terminals and the original amount of shared resources. Each terminal calculates the profit from the result and uses it as a judgment material for determining the amount of shared resources to be used next time.

Further, according to the present embodiment, when terminals having different control targets such as solar power generation, wind power generation, and small storage batteries maximize the profit of selling electricity by using the demand amount which is a common resource, each terminal Exchanges information with neighboring terminals about the profits so far and the importance of expressing how much you want to utilize the controlled object.

If each terminal wants the neighboring terminal to reduce the importance from the information exchange result, it requests it and finally decides its own importance. Next, based on the determined importance, the extent to which the demand amount, which is a shared resource, is utilized is determined, and the control amount to realize it is determined.

Next, each terminal transmits the power generation amount, that is, the utilized demand amount to the evaluation determination terminal based on the control amount. The evaluation judgment terminal compares the total amount of power generation of each terminal with the amount of demand, and simultaneously notifies each terminal of the uniform burden amount based on the comparison result. Each terminal calculates the profit from the amount of electricity sold and the amount of burden based on the amount of power generation, and uses this result for the next determination of importance.

According to this embodiment, when each terminal has a control device having different characteristics, instead of comparing the evaluation functions required for control, information is exchanged using values that can be compared in common, and the comparison is performed by itself. Determine the control value of. Therefore, high-performance centralized control by a server is not required, and it can operate even if the number of terminals becomes huge.

In addition, by providing the functions of this embodiment using software and specific control equipment, anyone can easily operate the control system, and both advanced computers and high-speed communication equipment can be operated. Since it is unnecessary, it is possible to construct an inexpensive system with reduced system construction cost and system operation cost.

Specifically, each terminal only needs to exchange information with an adjacent terminal or an evaluation judgment terminal, and unlike communication involving commands such as control, only value exchange and judgment result notification are performed, so that the amount of information is large. There is little need for high-speed communication, and an inexpensive system can be constructed.

Further, in this embodiment, each terminal calculates a profit from the unit price of the burden amount calculated based on the control result of each terminal, and repeats the control of the device. Therefore, it is not necessary for the centralized computer to define the evaluation function required for controlling each device in advance. As a result, even in a system in which a large number of devices are operating with different control logic, overall optimization can be easily performed, and even if the number and types of devices increase or decrease, system recombination becomes unnecessary, and construction costs are reduced. Can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, an example is shown in which the shared resource is the total demand for electric power, and each device is a power supply source (for example, a photovoltaic power generator, a wind power generator, a storage battery, etc.). However, the present invention is not limited to the above example, and in a combination of any kind of resource and device, a resource having a fixed total amount is distributed to a plurality of devices (characteristics may differ from each other) and used. It can be applied to the system to be made. At this time, the total profit can be maximized without depleting the resource.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-mentioned examples have been described in detail for a better understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations of the description.

Further, each of the above configurations, functions, processing units, processing means and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them by, for example, an integrated circuit. Further, each of the above configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by software by the processor interpreting and executing a program that realizes each function. Information such as programs, tables, and files that realize each function can be stored in non-volatile semiconductor memories, hard disk drives, storage devices such as SSDs (Solid State Drives), or computer-readable non-computers such as IC cards, SD cards, and DVDs. It can be stored in a temporary data storage medium.

In addition, the control lines and information lines are shown as necessary for explanation, and not all control lines and information lines are necessarily shown in the product. In practice, it can be considered that almost all configurations are interconnected.

1 ... Evaluation judgment terminal 2 ... Control execution terminal 4, Network 5, 6 ... Plant operation and maintenance terminal 11, 21 ... Communication unit 12, 22 ... CPU
13, 23 ... Memory 14, 24 ... Storage unit

Claims (4)

A plurality of control terminals, each for controlling one or more devices, the evaluation unit, the possess,
The evaluation unit calculates a penalty unit price for each of the plurality of devices based on the result of the control acquired from the control terminal, outputs the penalty unit price to the control terminal, and outputs the penalty unit price.
Wherein each control terminal calculates the profit information of the one or more devices based on the penalty unit price obtained from the evaluation unit, of the device itself control terminal to control and profit information, the first number The control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is determined based on the profit information of the device controlled by the other control terminal, thereby controlling the one or more devices, and the result of the control. Is a control system that outputs
Each of the above devices is a generator or a storage battery.
The target value is the total demand for electric power allocated to the plurality of devices.
The result of the control output from the control terminal is the amount of electric power supplied by the plurality of devices controlled by the control terminal.
The evaluation unit includes the target value of the plurality of devices controlled by the second number of control terminals, which is larger than the first number, including each control terminal and the first number of other control terminals. , When the difference between the target value and the control result is larger based on the control result output from each control terminal, and the control result is larger than the target value. When the magnitude of the penalty unit price corresponding to the difference between the target value and the control result is smaller than the target value, the penalty unit price corresponds to the difference between the target value and the control result. Calculate the penalty unit price of each device so that it is larger than the size of
Each of the control terminals
When the penalty unit price is acquired from the evaluation unit, the unit price of the supplied electric energy and the amount of electricity sold is calculated based on the acquired penalty unit price and the control result of the device controlled by the self-control terminal. By subtracting the penalty amount calculated based on the supplied electric energy and the penalty unit price from the power sale amount calculated based on the above, the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is calculated.
From the first number of other control terminals, the profit information of the device controlled by the first number of other control terminals is acquired.
When the calculated profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is smaller than the previously calculated profit, the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal so as to reduce the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal. Determine the amount of control of
When the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is larger than the average of the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal and the profit of the device controlled by the first number of other control terminals, the self-controlled terminal The control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal is determined so as to increase the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal.
When the benefit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is smaller than the benefit of any of the devices controlled by the first number of other control terminals, the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is determined. A control system characterized in that a control amount of the device controlled by a self-control terminal is determined so as to be reduced. In the control system according to claim 1,
Each control terminal is characterized in that it acquires profit information of the device controlled by the first number of other control terminals by directly communicating with the first number of other control terminals. system. In the control system according to claim 1,
The evaluation unit is a control system characterized in that it is an evaluation terminal connected to the plurality of control terminals via a network. In a control method executed by a control system having a plurality of control terminals, each of which controls one or more devices, and an evaluation unit.
The control method is
The first procedure in which the evaluation unit calculates a penalty unit price for each of the plurality of devices based on the result of the control acquired from the control terminal and outputs the penalty unit price to the control terminal.
The control terminal calculates the profit information of the one or more devices based on the penalty unit price acquired from the evaluation unit, and the profit information of the device controlled by the self-control terminal, and the first number and others. By determining the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal based on the profit information of the device controlled by the control terminal, one or more devices are controlled, and the result of the control is obtained. Including the second step of outputting to the evaluation unit
Each of the above devices is a generator or a storage battery.
The target value is the total demand for electric power allocated to the plurality of devices.
The result of the control output from the control terminal is the amount of electric power supplied by the plurality of devices controlled by the control terminal.
In the first procedure, the evaluation unit controls the plurality of control terminals having a second number larger than the first number, including the control terminals and the other control terminals of the first number. Based on the target value of the device and the control result output from each control terminal, the larger the difference between the target value and the control result, the larger the difference between the target value and the control result. When the magnitude of the penalty unit price corresponding to the difference between the target value and the control result when the result is large is smaller than the target value, the target value and the control result are The procedure includes a procedure of calculating the penalty unit price of each device so as to be larger than the magnitude of the penalty unit price corresponding to the difference and outputting the penalty unit price to the control terminal.
The second step is
When each of the control terminals acquires the penalty unit price from the evaluation unit, the supplied electric energy and sales are based on the acquired penalty unit price and the control result of the device controlled by the self-control terminal. The profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is calculated by subtracting the penalty amount calculated based on the supplied electric energy amount and the penalty unit price from the power sale amount calculated based on the unit price of the electric power amount. And the procedure to do
A procedure in which each control terminal acquires profit information of the device controlled by the first number of other control terminals from the first number of other control terminals.
When the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal calculated by each control terminal is smaller than the profit calculated last time, the self-controlled so as to reduce the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal. The procedure for determining the control amount of the device controlled by the terminal and
The profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal is the average of the profit of the device controlled by the self-controlled terminal and the profit of the device controlled by the first number of other control terminals. If it is large, a procedure for determining the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal and a procedure for determining the control amount of the device controlled by the self-control terminal so as to increase the amount of power supplied by the device controlled by the self-control terminal.
When the profit of the device controlled by each control terminal is smaller than the profit of any of the devices controlled by the first number of other control terminals, the device controlled by the self-control terminal. A control method comprising a procedure for determining a control amount of the device controlled by a self-control terminal so as to reduce the amount of power supplied by the self-control terminal.

Images