JP6927145B2 - Fly ash cleaning device and fly ash cleaning method - Google Patents

Fly ash cleaning device and fly ash cleaning method Download PDF

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JP6927145B2
JP6927145B2 JP2018097593A JP2018097593A JP6927145B2 JP 6927145 B2 JP6927145 B2 JP 6927145B2 JP 2018097593 A JP2018097593 A JP 2018097593A JP 2018097593 A JP2018097593 A JP 2018097593A JP 6927145 B2 JP6927145 B2 JP 6927145B2
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多田 光宏
光宏 多田
靖宏 宮越
靖宏 宮越
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JFE Engineering Corp
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Description

本発明は、放射性物質により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に発生する飛灰を洗浄する飛灰洗浄装置および飛灰洗浄方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fly ash cleaning device and a fly ash cleaning method for cleaning fly ash generated when waste contaminated with a radioactive substance is incinerated.

放射性物質(放射性セシウム等)により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に発生する飛灰には、上記放射性物質が含まれる。該放射性物質を含む飛灰が規定値以下の低汚染状態のものであれば、既存の最終処分場に埋立処分することが可能であるが、高汚染状態のものである場合には、既存の最終処分場に直接埋立処分することができず、飛灰をセメント固化したり容器に収容したりして放射性物質の溶出防止対策を施してから、管理型埋立処分場に埋立処分することになっている。 The fly ash generated when incinerating waste contaminated with radioactive substances (radioactive cesium, etc.) contains the above radioactive substances. If the fly ash containing the radioactive substance is in a low pollution state below the specified value, it can be landfilled at an existing final disposal site, but if it is in a highly polluted state, it is an existing one. It is not possible to landfill directly at the final disposal site, and after taking measures to prevent the elution of radioactive substances by solidifying fly ash into cement or storing it in a container, it will be landfilled at a controlled landfill site. ing.

しかし、実際には、溶出防止対策を施す処分は進んでおらず、放射性物質を含む飛灰は処分されずに保管されたままになっており、膨大な量(体積)となってしまっている。そこで、放射性物質を含む飛灰を既存の最終処分場に埋立処分可能とするために、例えば非特許文献1のように、飛灰を、該最終処分場での埋立処分が可能なレベルにまで放射性物質の濃度を低減するように洗浄して除染する技術が検討されている。 However, in reality, the disposal to prevent elution has not progressed, and the fly ash containing radioactive substances is left undisposed and stored, resulting in a huge amount (volume). .. Therefore, in order to make the fly ash containing radioactive substances landfillable at the existing final disposal site, for example, as in Non-Patent Document 1, the fly ash can be landfilled at the final disposal site. Techniques for cleaning and decontaminating so as to reduce the concentration of radioactive substances are being studied.

非特許文献1に記載の飛灰洗浄を行うための飛灰洗浄装置の構成の概要を図2に示す。図2に見られるように、この飛灰洗浄装置は、放射性物質(セシウム等)と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄水で洗浄して、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を洗浄水に溶解して移行させるとともに飛灰のスラリを生成する洗浄装置11と、該洗浄装置11に接続され上記スラリを脱水するとともに飛灰粒子間の間隙水に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス用水に溶解して移行させる脱水リンス装置12と、洗浄装置11および脱水リンス装置12に接続され、洗浄装置11からの洗浄排水および脱水リンス装置12からのリンス排水に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着装置13と、該吸着装置13に接続され該吸着装置13からの吸着処理排水に含まれる放射性物質を固化する固化処理装置14とを有している。 FIG. 2 shows an outline of the configuration of the fly ash cleaning device for performing the fly ash cleaning described in Non-Patent Document 1. As can be seen in FIG. 2, this flying ash cleaning device cleans flying ash containing radioactive substances (cesium, etc.) and salts with washing water, and dissolves the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in the washing water. A cleaning device 11 that is connected to the cleaning device 11 to generate a slurry of flying ash, and dehydrates the slurry while dissolving the radioactive substances and salts contained in the interstitial water between the flying ash particles in the water for rinsing. The radioactive substances contained in the cleaning drainage from the cleaning device 11 and the rinse drainage from the dehydration rinsing device 12 are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent, which is connected to the dehydration rinsing device 12 and the cleaning device 11 and the dehydration rinsing device 12 to be transferred. It has an adsorption device 13 and a solidification treatment device 14 that is connected to the adsorption device 13 and solidifies radioactive substances contained in the adsorption treatment wastewater from the adsorption device 13.

固化処理装置14は、後述する逆浸透膜処理装置15を有しており、該逆浸透膜処理装置15で放射性物質と塩類を分離された固化処理排水は、洗浄水およびリンス用水として用いるために戻される。具体的には、上記固化処理排水は、外部からの補給水とともに、洗浄水として洗浄装置11に供給され、また、リンス用水として脱水リンス装置12に供給される。 The solidification treatment apparatus 14 has a reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 15 described later, and the solidification treatment wastewater from which radioactive substances and salts are separated by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 15 is used as wash water and rinse water. Be returned. Specifically, the solidified wastewater is supplied to the washing device 11 as washing water and is supplied to the dehydrating rinsing device 12 as rinsing water together with the make-up water from the outside.

洗浄装置11は、飛灰を受け入れて収容するとともに該飛灰を洗浄するための洗浄水の注入を受ける洗浄槽(図示せず)を有しており、該洗浄槽内にて、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を洗浄水に溶解させるとともに上記飛灰のスラリを生成するようになっている。 The cleaning device 11 has a cleaning tank (not shown) for receiving and accommodating fly ash and injecting cleaning water for cleaning the fly ash. The contained radioactive substances and salts are dissolved in the washing water and the fly ash slurry is generated.

脱水リンス装置12は、スラリを脱水するためのベルトフィルタ、フィルタプレス等の脱水機(図示せず)を有している。該脱水リンス装置12は、洗浄装置11からのスラリを受けて上記脱水機でスラリを脱水する際、リンス用水をスラリに散水して、該スラリの飛灰粒子の間の間隙水に含まれる放射性物質と塩類をリンス用水に溶解して移行させるようになっている。 The dehydration rinsing device 12 has a dehydrator (not shown) such as a belt filter and a filter press for dehydrating the slurry. When the dehydration rinsing device 12 receives the slurry from the cleaning device 11 and dehydrates the slurry with the dehydrator, the rinsing water is sprinkled on the slurry and the radioactive particles contained in the interstitial water between the fly ash particles of the slurry. Substances and salts are dissolved in rinse water and transferred.

吸着装置13は、放射性物質を吸着するための吸着剤が充填されており、洗浄装置11からの洗浄排水および脱水リンス装置12からのリンス排水を受けて、該洗浄排水および該リンス排水に含まれる放射性物質を上記吸着剤によって吸着除去するようになっている
The adsorbing device 13 is filled with an adsorbent for adsorbing a radioactive substance, receives the cleaning drainage from the cleaning device 11 and the rinse drainage from the dehydration rinse device 12, and is included in the cleaning drainage and the rinse drainage. The radioactive substance is adsorbed and removed by the above-mentioned adsorbent.

固化処理装置14は、吸着装置13からの吸着処理排水、すなわち該吸着装置13で放射性物質が吸着され放射性物質の含有濃度が低減された洗浄排水およびリンス排水に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を逆浸透膜(RO膜。図示せず)で放射性物質と塩類を分離除去するための逆浸透膜処理装置15と、該逆浸透膜処理装置15で分離除去された放射性物質と塩類を含む濃縮水を加熱器(図示せず)で加熱して水分を蒸発させて放射性物質と塩類を固化させる蒸発固化処理装置16とを有している。 The solidification treatment device 14 reverse osmosis the adsorption treatment wastewater from the adsorption device 13, that is, the radioactive substances and salts contained in the washing wastewater and the rinse wastewater in which the radioactive substances are adsorbed by the adsorption device 13 and the content concentration of the radioactive substances is reduced. The reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 15 for separating and removing radioactive substances and salts with a membrane (RO membrane, not shown) and the concentrated water containing the radioactive substances and salts separated and removed by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 15 are heated. It has an evaporative solidification treatment device 16 for solidifying radioactive substances and salts by heating with a vessel (not shown) to evaporate water.

また、図2に見られるように、逆浸透膜処理装置15の逆浸透膜処理を施され固化処理装置14外へ排出された排水(固化処理排水)を移送するための移送管は、補給水の供給管に接続されている。これによって、戻された固化処理排水に補給水が補給され、洗浄水またはリンス用水として、それぞれ洗浄装置11または脱水リンス装置12に供給される。 Further, as seen in FIG. 2, the transfer pipe for transferring the wastewater (solidified wastewater) discharged to the outside of the solidification treatment apparatus 14 after the reverse osmosis membrane treatment of the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 15 is a make-up water. It is connected to the supply pipe of. As a result, make-up water is replenished to the returned solidified wastewater, and is supplied to the washing device 11 or the dehydration rinsing device 12 as washing water or rinsing water, respectively.

このような構成の飛灰洗浄装置によって、飛灰は以下の要領で処理される。まず、洗浄装置11の洗浄槽に、放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰が供給されるとともに洗浄水が注入される。上記洗浄槽内にて、洗浄水と飛灰との液固比を3〜5程度とした状態で該飛灰を洗浄水中に撹拌しながら浸漬して、該飛灰のスラリを生成するとともに、該飛灰から放射性物質と塩類を洗浄水に溶解させる。このようにして生成されたスラリの飛灰粒子同士間の間隙水には放射性物質と塩類が含まれている。 The fly ash is processed by the fly ash cleaning device having such a configuration as follows. First, fly ash containing radioactive substances and salts is supplied to the cleaning tank of the cleaning device 11, and cleaning water is injected. In the washing tank, the flying ash is immersed in the washing water with stirring while the liquid-solidity ratio of the washing water and the flying ash is about 3 to 5, to generate a slurry of the flying ash. Radioactive substances and salts are dissolved in the washing water from the fly ash. The interstitial water between the fly ash particles of the slurry produced in this way contains radioactive substances and salts.

洗浄装置11で生成されたスラリは、脱水リンス装置12へ送られて、脱水機で脱水処理される。この脱水処理の際、リンス用水がスラリに散水され、該スラリの飛灰粒子同士間の間隙水に含まれる放射性物質と塩類がリンス用水に溶解して移行する。スラリが脱水処理された後の飛灰(脱水灰)は、放射性物質の含有濃度が十分に低減されており、既存の埋立処分場で埋立処分される。 The slurry generated by the washing device 11 is sent to the dehydration rinsing device 12 and dehydrated by the dehydrator. During this dehydration treatment, the rinse water is sprinkled on the slurry, and the radioactive substances and salts contained in the interstitial water between the fly ash particles of the slurry are dissolved in the rinse water and transferred. The fly ash (dehydrated ash) after the slurry has been dehydrated has a sufficiently reduced concentration of radioactive substances and is landfilled at an existing landfill site.

洗浄装置11からの洗浄排水および脱水リンス装置12からのリンス排水は吸着装置13に送られて、該洗浄排水および該リンス排水に含まれる放射性物質が吸着剤によって吸着除去される。吸着装置13からの排水、すなわち放射性物質の含有濃度が低減された吸着処理排水は、固化処理装置14に送られて、該固化処理装置14の逆浸透膜処理装置15で該吸着処理排水に含まれる放射性物質と塩類が分離される。この分離された放射性物質と塩類を含む濃縮水は蒸発固化処理装置16で加熱され、その結果、水分が蒸発して放射性物質と塩類が固化される。その固化物は、当初の飛灰に比べて放射性物質が大幅に濃縮され減容されており、容器に収容されて保管される。 The washing drainage from the washing device 11 and the rinse drainage from the dehydration rinsing device 12 are sent to the adsorption device 13, and the washing drainage and the radioactive substances contained in the rinse drainage are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent. The wastewater from the adsorption device 13, that is, the adsorption-treated wastewater having a reduced concentration of radioactive substances is sent to the solidification treatment device 14, and is included in the adsorption-treated wastewater by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 15 of the solidification treatment device 14. The radioactive substances and salts are separated. The concentrated water containing the separated radioactive substances and salts is heated by the evaporation solidification treatment device 16, and as a result, the water evaporates and the radioactive substances and salts are solidified. The solidified product has a significantly concentrated and reduced volume of radioactive substances compared to the original fly ash, and is stored in a container.

一方、逆浸透膜処理装置15で逆浸透膜処理を施され放射性物質が分離除去された排水は、固化処理排水として固化処理装置14から排出される。この固化処理排水は、洗浄水やリンス用水として利用可能な程度まで、放射性物質と塩類が十分に除去されており、図2に見られるように帰還され、補給水とともに、洗浄水またはリンス用水として洗浄装置11または脱水リンス装置12へ供給される。 On the other hand, the wastewater from which the radioactive substances have been separated and removed by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment with the reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 15 is discharged from the solidification treatment apparatus 14 as the solidification treatment wastewater. This solidified wastewater has been sufficiently depleted of radioactive substances and salts to the extent that it can be used as wash water or rinse water, and is returned as shown in Fig. 2, and is used as wash water or rinse water together with make-up water. It is supplied to the cleaning device 11 or the dehydration rinsing device 12.

「飛灰中セシウムの洗浄分離に関する研究」、第23回廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演論文集、廃棄物資源循環学会、2012年10月22日、E2-2、p.573"Study on Cleaning and Separation of Cesium in Fly Ash", Proceedings of the 23rd Research Presentation of the Society for Waste Resource Recycling, Society for Waste Resource Recycling, October 22, 2012, E2-2, p.573

非特許文献1では、既述したように、脱水リンス装置12は、飛灰のスラリを脱水する際、飛灰粒子同士間の間隙水に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を除去するために、リンス用水を散水しながら脱水する。洗浄装置で飛灰を洗浄した洗浄排水、そして脱水リンス装置でスラリをリンス処理したリンス排水に溶解して含まれている放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去処理した後の吸着処理排水中には、飛灰に含まれていた重金属類と塩類が溶解している。重金属類はpH調整を行い凝集沈殿させ分離することができる。一方、塩類は逆浸透膜処理により濃縮することはできるが、除去することはできない。したがって、吸着処理排水は下水放流や海洋放流することができないので、蒸発固化処理装置で濃縮水を加熱して水分を蒸発させ、乾燥固化して残った塩類を固化物とする蒸発固化処理を行い、この固化物を埋立処分する必要がある。しかし、蒸発固化処理のためには、濃縮水の水分を蒸発させるために加熱するエネルギーが多大に必要であるという問題がある。 In Non-Patent Document 1, as described above, the dehydration rinsing device 12 is used for rinsing water in order to remove radioactive substances and salts contained in the interstitial water between the fly ash particles when dehydrating the fly ash slurry. Dehydrate while sprinkling water. In the wastewater that has been washed with fly ash by a washing device, and the radioactive substances contained in the rinsed wastewater by rinsing the slurry with a dehydration rinsing device after being adsorbed and removed with an adsorbent, Heavy metals and salts contained in fly ash are dissolved. Heavy metals can be separated by coagulating and precipitating by adjusting the pH. On the other hand, salts can be concentrated by reverse osmosis membrane treatment, but cannot be removed. Therefore, since the adsorbed wastewater cannot be discharged into sewage or ocean, the concentrated water is heated by the evaporation solidification treatment device to evaporate the water, and the evaporation solidification treatment is performed to solidify the salts remaining after drying and solidifying. , It is necessary to dispose of this solidified material by landfill. However, for the evaporation solidification treatment, there is a problem that a large amount of energy for heating is required to evaporate the water content of the concentrated water.

本発明では、このような事情に鑑みて、洗浄排水とリンス排水を蒸発固化処理する際の加熱エネルギーを削減して、運転費を低く抑えて、飛灰から放射性物質と塩類を除去できる飛灰洗浄装置および飛灰洗浄方法を提供することを課題とする。 In view of such circumstances, in the present invention, the heating energy when the washing wastewater and the rinse wastewater are evaporated and solidified can be reduced, the operating cost can be kept low, and the radioactive substances and salts can be removed from the fly ash. An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning device and a fly ash cleaning method.

本発明によれば、上記課題は、次のような構成の飛灰洗浄装置そして飛灰洗浄方法によって解決される。 According to the present invention, the above problem is solved by a fly ash cleaning device and a fly ash cleaning method having the following configurations.

<飛灰洗浄装置>
放射性物質により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に生ずる飛灰を洗浄する飛灰洗浄装置において、
放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄液としての有機溶媒で洗浄して飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を有機溶媒に溶解して移行させるとともに洗浄後の残渣を灰スラリとして生成する洗浄装置と、該洗浄装置に接続され上記灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス液として供給を受ける有機溶媒に溶解して移行させた後に脱液するリンス・脱液装置と、洗浄装置及びリンス・脱液装置に接続され、洗浄装置からの洗浄排液及びリンス・脱液装置からのリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着装置と、該吸着装置に接続され該吸着装置からの吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を該吸着処理排液の蒸発により固化する蒸発固化処理装置とを有することを特徴とする飛灰洗浄装置。
<Fly ash cleaning device>
In a fly ash cleaning device that cleans fly ash generated when waste contaminated with radioactive substances is incinerated.
A cleaning device that cleans flying ash containing radioactive substances and salts with an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid, dissolves the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in an organic solvent and transfers them, and produces the residue after cleaning as an ash slurry. Rinse / remove by dissolving the radioactive substances and salts contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry connected to the cleaning device in the organic solvent supplied as a rinse liquid and transferring the liquid. A liquid device, a suction device that is connected to the cleaning device and the rinse / drain device, and adsorbs and removes radioactive substances contained in the cleaning drain from the cleaning device and the rinse drain from the rinse / drain device with an adsorbent. A flying ash cleaning device comprising an evaporative solidification treatment device connected to the suction device and solidifying salts contained in the adsorption treatment waste liquid from the suction device by evaporation of the adsorption treatment waste liquid.

<飛灰洗浄方法>
放射性物質により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に生ずる飛灰を洗浄する飛灰洗浄方法において、
放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄液としての有機溶媒で洗浄して飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を有機溶媒に溶解して移行させるとともに洗浄後の残渣を灰スラリとして生成する洗浄工程と、上記灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス液としての有機溶媒に溶解して移行させた後に灰スラリを脱液し洗浄灰を排出するリンス・脱液工程と、洗浄工程からの洗浄排液及びリンス・脱液工程からのリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着工程と、吸着工程からの吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を吸着処理排液の蒸発により固化す蒸発固化工程とを有することを特徴とする飛灰洗浄方法。
<Fly ash cleaning method>
In the fly ash cleaning method for cleaning fly ash generated when incinerating waste contaminated with radioactive substances
A cleaning step in which flying ash containing radioactive substances and salts is washed with an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid to dissolve the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in an organic solvent and transferred, and the residue after cleaning is generated as an ash slurry. , The radioactive substances and salts contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry are dissolved in the organic solvent as a rinsing liquid and transferred, and then the ash slurry is deflated and the washing ash is discharged. The liquid step, the adsorption step of adsorbing and removing the radioactive substances contained in the cleaning drainage from the cleaning step and the rinse drainage from the rinsing / removing step with an adsorbent, and the salts contained in the adsorption treatment drainage from the adsorption step. Adsorption treatment A flying ash cleaning method comprising an evaporation solidification step of solidifying by evaporation of waste liquid.

<飛灰洗浄手順>
本発明の飛灰洗浄装置として飛灰洗浄方法では、飛灰の洗浄そして洗浄後の残渣(灰スラリ)のリンスのいずれにも有機溶媒を用いる。有機溶媒は、洗浄液として洗浄装置で飛灰を洗浄して、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を洗浄液に溶解して移行させる。洗浄により飛灰から移行してきた放射線物質と塩類を含むこととなった有機溶媒は洗浄排液として洗浄装置から排出され、残る残渣は飛灰と有機溶媒の灰スラリとしてリンス・脱液装置へもたらされ、灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれる放射性物質と塩類をリンス液としての有機溶媒に溶解して移行させ、リンスした後の灰スラリを脱液して、放射性物質と塩類を含むリンス排液がリンス・脱液装置から排出される。脱液後の放射性物質が許容量以下となった洗浄灰は、適宜処分される。
<Fly ash cleaning procedure>
In the fly ash cleaning method as the fly ash cleaning device of the present invention, an organic solvent is used for both cleaning the fly ash and rinsing the residue (ash slurry) after cleaning. The organic solvent is used as a cleaning solution to wash the fly ash with a cleaning device, and the radioactive substances and salts contained in the fly ash are dissolved in the cleaning solution and transferred. The organic solvent containing radioactive substances and salts that have been transferred from the flying ash by washing is discharged from the cleaning device as cleaning drainage, and the remaining residue is also sent to the rinse / deliquessing device as ash slurry of flying ash and organic solvent. The radioactive substances and salts contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry are dissolved in the organic solvent as a rinsing solution and transferred, and the ash slurry after rinsing is deliquesed to release the radioactive substances and salts. The rinse effluent containing the above is discharged from the rinsing / removing device. The cleaning ash whose radioactive material is less than the permissible amount after deliquescent is appropriately disposed of.

洗浄排液とリンス排液は吸着装置で吸着剤により放射性物質が吸着・除去されて吸着処理排液として蒸発固化処理装置へ送られる。上記吸着処理排液には塩類が含まれる。かかる吸着処理排液は蒸発固化装置にて、有機溶媒を蒸発して塩類を含有する固体分が残り、該固体分が固化物として排出され、そして埋立等により適切に処分される。 The cleaning effluent and the rinse effluent are adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent by the adsorbent and sent to the evaporative solidification treatment device as the adsorption treatment effluent. The adsorption-treated effluent contains salts. In the adsorption treatment waste liquid, the organic solvent is evaporated to leave a solid component containing salts, and the solid component is discharged as a solidified substance, and is appropriately disposed of by landfill or the like.

本発明によると、有機溶媒は洗浄能力そして、リンス能力が水とほぼ同等でありながら、蒸発に要する熱量が蒸発固化装置での水に比し少ないので、蒸発固化装置での有機溶媒の蒸発のための加熱に要するエネルギーが低減される。 According to the present invention, the organic solvent has almost the same cleaning ability and rinsing ability as water, but the amount of heat required for evaporation is smaller than that of water in the evaporation solidification device. The energy required for heating is reduced.

本発明は、以上のように、飛灰を洗浄そして洗浄後の残渣(灰スラリ)をリンスする際に有機溶媒を用い、洗浄排液そしてリンス排液中の放射性物質を吸着除去した後の吸着処理排液の有機溶媒を加燃して蒸発させてから固化物を適切に処分することとしたので、有機溶媒の蒸発に要するエネルギーが従来用いられていた水の蒸発に要するエネルギーに比し少なくてよいことから飛灰洗浄装置の運転費を削減できるという効果をもたらす。 In the present invention, as described above, an organic solvent is used when washing flying ash and rinsing the residue (ash slurry) after washing, and adsorption after washing and removing radioactive substances in the rinsing liquid. Since it was decided to properly dispose of the solidified product after burning and evaporating the organic solvent of the treated waste liquid, the energy required for evaporation of the organic solvent is less than the energy required for evaporation of water that has been conventionally used. This has the effect of reducing the operating cost of the flying ash cleaning device.

本発明の実施形態に係る飛灰洗浄装置を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the fly ash cleaning apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 従来の飛灰洗浄装置を示す概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram which shows the conventional fly ash cleaning apparatus.

以下、添付図面にもとづき、本発明の実施形態を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る飛灰洗浄装置を示す概略構成図である。本実施形態に係る飛灰洗浄装置による処理要領を簡単に述べると、放射性物質(セシウム等)と塩類を含む飛灰の該放射性物質の含有濃度を、既存の埋立処分場で埋立処分可能な程度にまで低減させるように、該飛灰を洗浄液により洗浄し、洗浄に供した洗浄液を洗浄排液として排出し、洗浄後の残渣(灰スラリ)をリンス液でリンス処理し、リンス処理に供したリンス液をリンス排液として排出し、リンス処理後の灰スラリが脱液されて洗浄灰として排出され処理されて、放射性物質と塩類を含有する上記洗浄排液とリンス排液から放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去処理し、吸着除去処理した後の洗浄排液とリンス排液を吸着処理排液として排出し、吸着処理排液を蒸発固化処理し、蒸発固化後の塩類を含む固化物を保管する。 FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fly ash cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention. To briefly describe the treatment procedure by the flying ash cleaning device according to the present embodiment, the content concentration of the radioactive substance in the flying ash containing a radioactive substance (cesium or the like) and salts can be determined by landfill disposal at an existing landfill disposal site. The flying ash was washed with a cleaning solution, the cleaning solution used for cleaning was discharged as a cleaning drainage solution, and the residue (ash slurry) after cleaning was rinsed with a rinsing solution and used for rinsing treatment. The rinse liquid is discharged as a rinse drain, the ash slurry after the rinse treatment is drained and discharged as a wash ash, and the rinse liquid is adsorbed from the wash drain and the rinse drain containing radioactive substances and salts. Adsorption removal treatment with an agent, washing drainage and rinse drainage after adsorption removal treatment are discharged as adsorption treatment drainage, adsorption treatment drainage is subjected to evaporation solidification treatment, and solidified material containing salts after evaporation solidification is stored. do.

図1に見られるように、飛灰洗浄装置は、放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄液としての有機溶媒で洗浄して飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を有機溶媒に溶解して移行させるとともに洗浄後の残渣(灰スラリ)を生成する洗浄装置1と、該洗浄装置1に接続され上記灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス液として供給を受ける有機溶媒に溶解して移行させた後に、灰スラリを脱液するリンス・脱液装置2と、洗浄装置1及びリンス・脱液装置2に接続され、洗浄装置1からの洗浄排液及びリンス・脱液装置2からのリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着装置3と、該吸着装置3に接続され該吸着装置3からの吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を該吸着処理排液の液分蒸発により固化する蒸発固化処理装置4とを有している。本発明では、洗浄液そしてリンス液には有機溶媒が用いられている。本実施形態では、好ましい例として、吸着装置3と蒸発固化処理装置4との間には、逆浸透膜処理装置5が配設されている。以下、図1における各装置について説明する。 As can be seen in FIG. 1, the flying ash cleaning device cleans flying ash containing radioactive substances and salts with an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid, and dissolves the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in an organic solvent to transfer them. A cleaning device 1 that generates a residue (ash slurry) after cleaning and a radioactive substance and salts that are connected to the cleaning device 1 and are contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry are supplied as a rinsing liquid. After being dissolved in the organic solvent to be received and transferred, the ash slurry is connected to the rinsing / deflating device 2 and the cleaning device 1 and the rinsing / deflating device 2, and the cleaning effluent and rinsing from the cleaning device 1 are performed. -The adsorption device 3 that adsorbs and removes the radioactive substance contained in the rinse drainage liquid from the liquid removal device 2 with an adsorbent, and the salts that are connected to the adsorption device 3 and are contained in the adsorption treatment drainage liquid from the adsorption device 3. It has an evaporation solidification treatment apparatus 4 which solidifies by liquid evaporation of the adsorption treatment waste liquid. In the present invention, an organic solvent is used for the cleaning liquid and the rinsing liquid. In the present embodiment, as a preferable example, a reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5 is arranged between the adsorption device 3 and the evaporation solidification treatment device 4. Hereinafter, each device in FIG. 1 will be described.

洗浄装置1は、放射性物質を含む飛灰を受入れる洗浄槽(図示せず)を有し、該洗浄槽には洗浄液として有機溶媒が供給されるようになっている。該洗浄槽内にて、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を洗浄液に溶解させるとともに灰スラリを生成するようになっている。 The cleaning device 1 has a cleaning tank (not shown) that receives fly ash containing a radioactive substance, and an organic solvent is supplied to the cleaning tank as a cleaning liquid. In the washing tank, radioactive substances and salts contained in fly ash are dissolved in the washing liquid and ash slurry is generated.

上記洗浄槽内では、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類が洗浄液に溶解して洗浄された飛灰が沈降して下層を占め灰スラリを形成し、洗浄液としての有機溶媒は放射性物質と塩類を溶解して含み上層を形成し、洗浄排液として排出される。また、本実施形態では、上記洗浄槽は、後述するリンス・脱液装置2と配管を介して接続されており、洗浄された後に有機溶媒を含む飛灰は灰スラリとして上記リンス・脱液装置2へ送られるようになっている。 In the cleaning tank, the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash are dissolved in the cleaning solution, and the washed flying ash settles to occupy the lower layer to form an ash slurry, and the organic solvent as the cleaning solution contains the radioactive substances and salts. It dissolves to form an upper layer, and is discharged as washing drainage. Further, in the present embodiment, the cleaning tank is connected to the rinse / liquid removal device 2 described later via a pipe, and the fly ash containing an organic solvent after cleaning is treated as an ash slurry to be the rinse / liquid removal device. It is designed to be sent to 2.

上記洗浄装置1には、本実施形態の飛灰洗浄装置の運転開始に先立ち洗浄液としての所要量の有機溶媒が供給され、後続の諸装置を経て洗浄装置へ帰還して循環するようになっているが、装置の運転が長期間に及ぶにしたがい、有機溶媒が残渣(灰スラリ)に含まれて排出されてしまうことから、洗浄装置1の有機溶媒が次第に減少して不足分が生ずるので、この不足分を補うために、適宜時期に有機溶媒の補給を受けるようになっている。したがって、洗浄装置1は、循環する有機溶媒に加え、不足分に相当する有機溶媒の補給を受けて有機溶媒を所要量に保っている。 A required amount of organic solvent as a cleaning liquid is supplied to the cleaning device 1 prior to the start of operation of the flying ash cleaning device of the present embodiment, and returns to the cleaning device via various subsequent devices to be circulated. However, as the operation of the apparatus continues for a long period of time, the organic solvent is contained in the residue (ash slurry) and discharged, so that the organic solvent of the cleaning apparatus 1 gradually decreases and a shortage occurs. In order to make up for this shortage, organic solvents are replenished at appropriate times. Therefore, the cleaning device 1 keeps the required amount of the organic solvent by being replenished with the organic solvent corresponding to the shortage in addition to the circulating organic solvent.

リンス・脱液装置2は、洗浄装置1の洗浄槽と配管を介して接続されており、該洗浄槽の沈降している飛灰を洗浄後の灰スラリとして受けて該灰スラリのリンス液としての有機溶媒の供給を受ける。リンス・脱液装置2は、灰スラリを脱液するためのベルトフィルタ、フィルタプレス等の脱液機(図示せず)を有している。該リンス・脱液装置2は、洗浄装置1からの灰スラリを受けて上記脱液機でスラリを脱液する際、リンス液を灰スラリに散液して、該灰スラリの飛灰粒子の間の間隙液に含まれる放射性物質と塩類をリンス液に溶解させて移行させるようになっている。放射性物質と塩類を溶解して含むリンス液がリンス排液として排出され、上記灰スラリから放射性物質と塩類が除去され脱液され放射性物質の濃度が低くなった洗浄灰が排出される。上記リンス・脱液装置2には、洗浄装置1と同様に、補給有機溶媒と後述する循環有機溶媒とをリンス液として受けるようになっている。 The rinsing / removing device 2 is connected to the cleaning tank of the cleaning device 1 via a pipe, and receives the settling flying ash in the cleaning tank as an ash slurry after cleaning as a rinsing solution for the ash slurry. Receive the supply of organic solvent. The rinse / liquid removal device 2 has a liquid removal machine (not shown) such as a belt filter and a filter press for removing liquid from the ash slurry. When the rinse / liquid removal device 2 receives the ash slurry from the cleaning device 1 and removes the slurry with the liquid removal machine, the rinse liquid is sprinkled on the ash slurry to release the flying ash particles of the ash slurry. Radioactive substances and salts contained in the interstitial liquid are dissolved in the rinse liquid and transferred. A rinse solution containing dissolved radioactive substances and salts is discharged as a rinse drainage, and the cleaning ash in which the radioactive substances and salts are removed from the ash slurry and the liquid is deflated to reduce the concentration of the radioactive substances is discharged. Similar to the cleaning device 1, the rinsing / removing device 2 receives a replenishing organic solvent and a circulating organic solvent described later as a rinsing solution.

上記、洗浄装置1と、リンス・脱液装置2には、洗浄排液とリンス排液とを受ける吸着装置3が配管を介して接続されている。該吸着装置3は、放射性物質を吸着するための吸着剤が充填された充填層を有しており、上記洗浄排液そしてリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を上記吸着剤によって吸着除去し、放射性物質の吸着除去後の洗浄排液とリンス排液を吸着処理排液として排出するようになっている。本実施形態では、上記吸着剤として、例えばゼオライト等が使用されている。 A suction device 3 for receiving the cleaning drainage and the rinse drainage is connected to the cleaning device 1 and the rinse / drainage device 2 via a pipe. The adsorbing device 3 has a packed layer filled with an adsorbent for adsorbing a radioactive substance, and the radioactive substance contained in the washing drainage and the rinse drainage is adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent to be radioactive. The washing effluent and the rinsing effluent after the adsorption and removal of the substance are discharged as the adsorption treatment effluent. In this embodiment, for example, zeolite or the like is used as the adsorbent.

上記吸着装置3には、吸着処理排液を受け、RO膜等の逆浸透膜により膜処理する逆浸透膜処理装置5が接続され、該逆浸透膜処理装置5に蒸発固化処理装置4が接続されている。上記逆浸透膜処理装置5は、吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を分離した膜処理排液と塩類が濃縮された濃縮液とを生じ、塩類を含まない膜処理排液を、上記洗浄装置1そしてリンス・脱液装置2へ有機溶媒を供給する配管に供給するように接続されている。 A reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5 that receives the adsorption treatment drainage and processes the membrane with a reverse osmosis membrane such as an RO membrane is connected to the adsorption device 3, and the evaporation solidification treatment device 4 is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5. Has been done. The reverse osmosis membrane treatment apparatus 5 produces a membrane-treated effluent in which salts contained in the adsorption-treated effluent are separated and a concentrated liquor in which salts are concentrated, and the membrane-treated effluent containing no salts is cleaned by the cleaning apparatus 1. Then, it is connected so as to supply the organic solvent to the rinsing / draining device 2 to the pipe.

上記蒸発固化処理装置4は、逆浸透膜処理装置5で膜処理した後の濃縮液を受けるように該逆浸透膜処理装置5に接続されており、逆浸透膜処理装置5で塩類が濃縮された濃縮液を加熱器(図示せず)で加熱して液分を蒸発させることにより塩類を固化し、固化物として排出するようになっている。 The evaporative solidification treatment device 4 is connected to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5 so as to receive the concentrated liquid after the membrane treatment by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5, and the salts are concentrated by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5. By heating the concentrated liquid with a heater (not shown) to evaporate the liquid content, the salts are solidified and discharged as a solidified product.

このような構成を有する本実施形態の飛灰洗浄装置によって、放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰は以下の要領で処理される。まず、洗浄装置1の洗浄槽に、放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰が供給されるとともに洗浄液としての有機溶媒が注入される。ここでは、図2に示した従来の洗浄装置11と同様に、上記洗浄槽内にて、有機溶媒と飛灰との液固比を適宜設定した状態で該飛灰を有機溶媒中に撹拌しながら浸漬して、飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類が有機溶媒に溶解される。飛灰が洗浄槽内の下部に沈降し灰スラリを形成し、有機溶媒は上層を形成する。灰スラリの飛灰粒子同士間の間隙の有機溶媒には放射性物質と塩類が含まれている。 The fly ash containing radioactive substances and salts is treated by the fly ash cleaning device of the present embodiment having such a configuration as follows. First, fly ash containing radioactive substances and salts is supplied to the cleaning tank of the cleaning device 1, and an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid is injected. Here, similarly to the conventional cleaning device 11 shown in FIG. 2, the fly ash is stirred in the organic solvent in the cleaning tank with the liquid-solidity ratio of the organic solvent and the fly ash appropriately set. The radioactive substances and salts contained in the fly ash are dissolved in the organic solvent. Fly ash settles in the lower part of the washing tank to form an ash slurry, and the organic solvent forms an upper layer. The organic solvent in the gap between the fly ash particles of the ash slurry contains radioactive substances and salts.

上記洗浄槽で飛灰を洗浄した後の放射性物質と塩類を含む有機溶媒は、洗浄排液として排出されて吸着装置3へ送られる。一方、洗浄槽の下層に沈降した灰スラリが抜き出されリンス・脱液装置2へ送られる。灰スラリは、リンス・脱液装置2で、リンス液としての有機溶媒によりリンスされて、灰スラリの飛灰粒子同士間の間隙液に含まれる放射性物質と塩類がリンス液としての有機溶媒に移行され、さらに、リンスされた灰スラリは脱液される。この結果、該放射性物質と塩類が溶解した有機溶媒と上記飛灰よりも放射性物質の濃度が低い洗浄灰が生成される。洗浄灰は放射性物質の含有濃度が十分に低減されており、既存の埋立処分場で埋立処分される。 The organic solvent containing radioactive substances and salts after washing the fly ash in the washing tank is discharged as a washing drainage and sent to the adsorption device 3. On the other hand, the ash slurry that has settled in the lower layer of the washing tank is extracted and sent to the rinsing / removing device 2. The ash slurry is rinsed with an organic solvent as a rinsing liquid in the rinsing / removing device 2, and the radioactive substances and salts contained in the interstitial liquid between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry are transferred to the organic solvent as a rinsing liquid. In addition, the rinsed ash slurry is deflated. As a result, an organic solvent in which the radioactive substance and salts are dissolved and a washing ash having a concentration of the radioactive substance lower than that of the fly ash are produced. The cleaning ash has a sufficiently reduced concentration of radioactive substances and is landfilled at an existing landfill site.

上記リンス・脱液装置2で生成されたリンス後の放射性物質と塩類を含む有機溶媒は、リンス排液としてリンス・脱液装置2から排出されて、洗浄装置1からの洗浄排液とともに一つの排液をなして、吸着装置3へ送られる。吸着装置3へ送られたリンス排液そして上記洗浄排液から成る排液は、吸着装置3における吸着剤の充填層を透過することにより、排液をなす有機溶媒に含まれる放射性物質が上記充填層における吸着剤によって吸着除去される。 The organic solvent containing the radioactive substance and salts after rinsing generated by the rinsing / draining device 2 is discharged from the rinsing / draining device 2 as a rinse drainage, and is combined with the cleaning / draining liquid from the cleaning device 1. The liquid is drained and sent to the suction device 3. The rinse effluent sent to the adsorbent 3 and the effluent composed of the wash effluent are filled with the radioactive substance contained in the organic solvent forming the effluent by passing through the adsorbent-filled layer in the adsorbent 3. Adsorbed and removed by the adsorbent on the layer.

吸着装置3で放射性物質が除去されたリンス排液そして洗浄排液から成る排液は、吸着処理排液として逆浸透膜処理装置5へ送られて、該逆浸透膜処理装置5で逆浸透膜処理されて塩類が濃縮された濃縮液を生成する。塩類が濃縮された濃縮液は、蒸発固化処理装置4へ送られて、加熱器で加熱され、液分が蒸発することにより、塩類が固化される。固化物は適宜処理される。 The drainage consisting of the rinse drainage and the wash drainage from which the radioactive substance has been removed by the adsorption device 3 is sent to the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5 as the adsorption treatment drainage, and the reverse osmosis membrane is processed by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5. It is processed to produce a concentrate in which salts are concentrated. The concentrated liquid in which the salts are concentrated is sent to the evaporative solidification treatment apparatus 4, heated by a heater, and the liquid content evaporates to solidify the salts. The solidified product is treated as appropriate.

逆浸透膜処理装置3で塩類が分離された洗浄排液およびリンス排液は、洗浄液あるいはリンス液として再利用可能な程度までに放射性物質と塩類が除去された有機溶媒となっており、膜処理排液として逆浸透処理装置5から排出され洗浄装置1へ供給されて洗浄液として用いられ、あるいはリンス・脱液装置2へ供給されてリンス液として用いられる。 The wash effluent and rinse effluent from which salts have been separated by the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 3 are organic solvents from which radioactive substances and salts have been removed to the extent that they can be reused as the wash liquor or rinse liquor. As a drainage liquid, it is discharged from the reverse osmosis treatment device 5 and supplied to the cleaning device 1 to be used as a cleaning liquid, or is supplied to the rinsing / removing liquid device 2 and used as a rinsing liquid.

逆浸透膜処理装置3からの膜処理排液は、洗浄装置1そしてリンス・脱液装置2へ帰還して洗浄液又はリンス液として再利用されるので、再利用を繰り返す過程で次第に不足する分(例えば、蒸発固化処理装置4での蒸発分)を補給有機溶媒で補えばよい。したがって、外部から洗浄装置1そしてリンス・脱液装置2へ新たに補給する上記補給有機溶媒の補給量を少なくすることができる。 The membrane-treated effluent from the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 3 returns to the cleaning device 1 and the rinsing / removing device 2 and is reused as a cleaning solution or a rinsing solution. For example, the amount evaporated in the evaporation solidification treatment apparatus 4) may be supplemented with a supplementary organic solvent. Therefore, the amount of the supplementary organic solvent newly replenished to the cleaning device 1 and the rinsing / draining device 2 from the outside can be reduced.

本実施形態では、逆浸透膜処理装置5からの膜処理排液としての有機溶媒を洗浄装置1そしてリンス・脱液装置2へ帰還させて再利用することとしているが、本発明では、逆浸透膜処理装置5を設けること、そして膜処理排液を洗浄装置そしてリンス・脱液装置へ帰還させることは好ましい形態であるが必須ではない。 In the present embodiment, the organic solvent as the membrane treatment drainage from the reverse osmosis membrane treatment device 5 is returned to the cleaning device 1 and the rinse / drain device 2 for reuse. However, in the present invention, the reverse osmosis film treatment device 5 is used. Providing the membrane treatment apparatus 5 and returning the membrane treatment effluent to the cleaning apparatus and the rinsing / removing apparatus are preferable but not essential.

本発明における最大の特徴は、洗浄液そしてリンス液として有機溶媒を用いることにある。有機溶媒は、水と同等の洗浄能力そしてリンス能力を有しながら、蒸発固化処理装置での蒸発のための加熱に要するエネルギーが水に比し格段に小さい。したがって、蒸発固化処理装置の運転、ひいては、飛灰洗浄装置全体についての運転のため費用を大幅に低減させることができる。 The greatest feature in the present invention is that an organic solvent is used as a cleaning liquid and a rinsing liquid. The organic solvent has the same cleaning ability and rinsing ability as water, but the energy required for heating for evaporation in the evaporation solidification treatment device is much smaller than that of water. Therefore, the cost can be significantly reduced due to the operation of the evaporative solidification treatment device and, by extension, the operation of the entire fly ash cleaning device.

1 洗浄装置
2 リンス・脱液装置
3 吸着装置
4 蒸発固化処理装置
1 Cleaning equipment 2 Rinse / liquid removal equipment 3 Adsorption equipment 4 Evaporation solidification processing equipment

Claims (2)

放射性物質により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に生ずる飛灰を洗浄する飛灰洗浄装置において、
放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄液としての有機溶媒で洗浄して飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を有機溶媒に溶解して移行させるとともに洗浄後の残渣を灰スラリとして生成する洗浄装置と、該洗浄装置に接続され上記灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス液として供給を受ける有機溶媒に溶解して移行させた後に脱液するリンス・脱液装置と、洗浄装置及びリンス・脱液装置に接続され、洗浄装置からの洗浄排液及びリンス・脱液装置からのリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着装置と、該吸着装置に接続され該吸着装置からの吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を該吸着処理排液の蒸発により固化する蒸発固化処理装置とを有することを特徴とする飛灰洗浄装置。
In a fly ash cleaning device that cleans fly ash generated when waste contaminated with radioactive substances is incinerated.
A cleaning device that cleans flying ash containing radioactive substances and salts with an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid, dissolves the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in an organic solvent and transfers them, and produces the residue after cleaning as an ash slurry. Rinse / remove by dissolving the radioactive substances and salts contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry connected to the cleaning device in the organic solvent supplied as a rinse liquid and transferring the liquid. A liquid device, a suction device that is connected to the cleaning device and the rinse / drain device, and adsorbs and removes radioactive substances contained in the cleaning drain from the cleaning device and the rinse drain from the rinse / drain device with an adsorbent. A flying ash cleaning device comprising an evaporative solidification treatment device connected to the suction device and solidifying salts contained in the adsorption treatment waste liquid from the suction device by evaporation of the adsorption treatment waste liquid.
放射性物質により汚染された廃棄物を焼却した際に生ずる飛灰を洗浄する飛灰洗浄方法において、
放射性物質と塩類を含む飛灰を洗浄液としての有機溶媒で洗浄して飛灰に含まれる放射性物質と塩類を有機溶媒に溶解して移行させるとともに洗浄後の残渣を灰スラリとして生成する洗浄工程と、上記灰スラリの飛灰粒子間の有機溶媒に含まれている放射性物質と塩類をリンス液としての有機溶媒に溶解して移行させた後に灰スラリを脱液し洗浄灰を排出するリンス・脱液工程と、洗浄工程からの洗浄排液及びリンス・脱液工程からのリンス排液に含まれる放射性物質を吸着剤により吸着除去する吸着工程と、吸着工程からの吸着処理排液に含まれる塩類を吸着処理排液の蒸発により固化す蒸発固化工程とを有することを特徴とする飛灰洗浄方法。
In the fly ash cleaning method for cleaning fly ash generated when incinerating waste contaminated with radioactive substances
A cleaning step in which flying ash containing radioactive substances and salts is washed with an organic solvent as a cleaning liquid to dissolve the radioactive substances and salts contained in the flying ash in an organic solvent and transferred, and the residue after cleaning is generated as an ash slurry. , The radioactive substances and salts contained in the organic solvent between the flying ash particles of the ash slurry are dissolved in the organic solvent as a rinsing liquid and transferred, and then the ash slurry is deflated and the washing ash is discharged. The liquid step, the adsorption step of adsorbing and removing the radioactive substances contained in the cleaning drainage from the cleaning step and the rinse drainage from the rinsing / removing step with an adsorbent, and the salts contained in the adsorption treatment drainage from the adsorption step. Adsorption treatment A flying ash cleaning method comprising an evaporation solidification step of solidifying by evaporation of waste liquid.
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