JP6913058B2 - Machining simulation equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machining simulation device in a machine tool.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-116745 (Patent Document 1) discloses a numerical control device having a load information display function.
In this device, the load information recorded corresponding to the block number of the machining program during the actual machining is displayed corresponding to the block number together with the machining simulation displaying how the tool cuts the workpiece.

JP-A-2009-116745

In the above-mentioned numerical control device, the cutting state of the workpiece and the load information can be confirmed for each block number of the machining program.
However, in the above-mentioned numerical control device, load information is stored corresponding to the block number of the machining program. Therefore, for machining performed by manually operating the machine without using the machining program, the machining of the workpiece is performed. The state and load information cannot be confirmed.
Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to provide a machining simulation device that reproduces the actual operating state of a machine tool not only in machining using a machining program but also in machining performed by manually operating a machine. It is to be.

In order to achieve the above object, in the invention according to claim 1, a machining simulation in a machine tool is performed by controlling a relative position between a tool model and a material model and machining a material model by the tool model. A machining simulation device that performs machining simulation by inputting at least one of a position command and a position detection value acquired from the machine tool as log data in correspondence with time, displays the result, and corresponds to the machining simulation. and it is characterized in displayable der isosamples together manual operation history to be.
The invention according to claim 2 is the sequence of the spindle load value, the feed shaft load value, the spindle rotation speed, the temperature, the tool number, and the machining program acquired from the machine tool as log data in accordance with the time in the above invention. It is characterized in that at least one of the number and the activation command of the machining program is displayed together.
The invention according to claim 3 is the invention, wherein the log data is displayed in time series, and a time range related to the machining simulation is specified based on an input for the display. It is a thing.
The invention according to claim 4, in which In the above invention is characterized in displayable der isosamples together blocks of the machining program corresponding to the machining simulation.

The main effect of the present invention is to provide a machining simulation device that reproduces the actual operating status of a machine tool not only in machining using a machining program but also in machining performed by manually operating a machine. That is.

It is a block diagram of the machining simulation apparatus of the machine tool which concerns on this invention. It is a figure of the machine state information display window which concerns on the log data display part of FIG. It is a figure of the result display window which concerns on the processing simulation display part of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments and modifications thereof according to the present invention will be described as appropriate with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments and modifications.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an NC device 2 that controls a machine tool 1 and a machining simulation device 4 of the machine tool 1 according to the present invention.
The machine tool 1 is a 5-axis control machining center having XYZ3 axes which are linear axes orthogonal to each other and BC2 axes which are rotation axes, and is a relative position between the spindle 10 on which the tool is mounted and the tool and the work (material). (At least one of the position change by linear movement and the position change by rotational movement), the feed shaft 12 for each shaft, and the temperature sensor 14 which is installed at an arbitrary place such as the spindle 10 and detects the temperature of the installation place. And a tool changer (not shown).
The spindle 10 has a rotation speed detector 16 that detects the rotation speed.
The feed shaft 12 has a position detector 18. The position of each axis of XYZ and the rotation position of each axis of BC are moved by a servomotor (not shown), and a position detector 18 is incorporated in each servomotor. The position detector 18 may directly detect the positions of the spindle 10 and the work (table).

The NC device 2 has a machine control unit 20 that controls the spindle 10 and the feed shaft 12 based on an input from a machining program P composed of a plurality of blocks or a manual operation input unit M, and a command log data acquisition that acquires command log data. A unit 22 is provided.
The machining program P includes one or more blocks that issue commands such as a movement command of the feed shaft 12, a rotation command of the spindle 10, and a tool change command, and each block is sequentially given a sequence number as an identification code. ing.
The manual operation input unit M is an input unit for manually operating the machine tool 1, and includes a manual feed button or pulse handle for operating the feed shaft 12, a spindle forward rotation button for operating the spindle 10, and a spindle. It includes a reverse button, a spindle stop button, a tool change button for operating tool change, and the like. Some of these may be omitted in the manual operation input unit M.
The machine control unit 20 sequentially interprets the blocks of the machining program P, and outputs specific commands to the spindle 10, the feed shaft 12, the tool changer, and the like at predetermined timings (here, at predetermined control cycles). , Control these. For example, the machine control unit 20 outputs a position command in which the route to the target position is divided for each control cycle in response to the movement command of the feed shaft 12 to the feed shaft 12 for each control cycle. Further, the machine control unit 20 controls the spindle 10 to perform the commanded rotation in response to the rotation command. The rotation command of the spindle 10 may include a command for designating the forward rotation, reverse rotation, and rotation speed of the spindle 10.
Further, the machine control unit 20 outputs specific commands to the spindle 10, the feed shaft 12, the tool changer, and the like based on the input from the manual operation input unit M, and controls them. For example, the corresponding command is output to the feed shaft 12 by the input from the manual feed button for operating the feed shaft 12 included in the manual operation input unit M, the pulse handle, or the like, and the spindle included in the manual operation input unit M. 10 The corresponding command is output to the spindle 10 by input from the spindle forward rotation button, spindle reverse rotation button, spindle stop button, etc. for operation, and the tool change button for tool change operation included in the manual operation input unit M. A tool change command is output to the tool changer by input from the above. In the case of manual operation, the operator of the machine tool 1 exchanges tools via the machine control unit 20 by the manual operation input unit M, controls the spindle 10 and the feed shaft 12, and rotates the spindle 10 at an arbitrary rotation speed. , The feed shaft 12 is moved to scrape or process the material with a tool.
When the machine control unit 20 gives a command to the feed shaft 12 based on the input to the manual operation input unit M (manual feed button or the like), the machine control unit 20 interprets the input of the manual operation input unit M and divides the command into each control cycle. The position is output to the feed shaft 12 for each control cycle. Further, when the machine control unit 20 gives a command to the spindle 10 based on the input to the manual operation input unit M (main shaft forward rotation button, etc.), the machine control unit 20 similarly interprets the input of the manual operation input unit M and issues a rotation command. Output to the spindle 10.
The command log data acquisition unit 22 issues a command generated by interpreting the block of the machining program P or the input from the manual operation input unit M at a specific timing (here, every time a new command is output) at a time. The data is sequentially acquired in association with each other, and the data in which the acquired commands are arranged in a state of being associated with the time is the command log data. For example, a position command, a rotation command, a tool change command, a tool number used, a start command of the machining program P, a position of a running block in the machining program P (for example, the number of lines from the beginning), a manual operation input unit M. Manual operation information and the like are sequentially acquired as command log data together with the time when the command and the like are executed. The manual operation information of the manual operation input unit M is, for example, whether or not the manual feed button is pressed, whether or not the spindle forward rotation button is pressed, and the like.
The NC device 2 has a function of acquiring command log data as command information of the machine tool 1 in addition to a function of controlling the machine tool 1. An information acquisition device having a function of acquiring command log data may be provided separately.

The machining simulation device 4 is a PC (personal computer) that executes a machining simulation application, and is a log data storage unit 30, a log data display unit 32, a machining simulation data storage unit 34, and a simulation range designation unit 36. A machining simulation execution unit 38 and a machining simulation display unit 40 are provided.

The log data storage unit 30 is communicably connected to the command log data acquisition unit 22 of the NC device 2, and sequentially receives and stores the command log data. The log data storage unit 30 may be configured to be included in the NC device 2 and directly acquire command log data.
Further, the log data storage unit 30 is communicably connected to the rotation speed detector 16, the position detector 18, and the temperature sensor 14 of the machine tool 1, and is connected at an arbitrary timing (here, at a specific acquisition cycle). ), The rotation speed of the spindle 10, the position detection value of the feed shaft 12, and the temperature of the temperature sensor 14 are sequentially received and stored in a state associated with the time. The data in which these detected values (machine state information indicating the state of the machine tool 1) are arranged in a state associated with the time is the state log data.
The acquisition cycle and the control cycle may be the same as or different from each other. The timings of receiving and storing the rotation speed, the position detection value, and the temperature may be different from each other, and any of the rotation speed, the position detection value, and the reception and storage of the temperature may be omitted. Further, the machine tool 1 may include a state log data acquisition unit for acquiring the rotation speed, the position detection value, and the temperature, and the log data storage unit 30 may include the rotation speed and the position detection value from the state log data acquisition unit. ， The temperature may be received. The state log data acquisition unit and the command log data acquisition unit 22 may be the log data acquisition unit common to the NC device 2 or the machine tool 1. Alternatively, the NC device 2 may not include the command log data acquisition unit 22, and the log data storage unit 30 may receive the command log data from the machine control unit 20.
The status log data also includes the spindle load of the spindle 10 and the feed shaft load of the feed shaft 12 (corresponding to the torque command to the servomotor of each shaft). At least one of these may be omitted.

The log data display unit 32 displays at least a part or all of the command log data and the status log data based on the input of the log data display operation by the input means (not shown) such as a keyboard or a pointing device.
The machine state information display window 42 as shown in FIG. 2 is displayed on the log data display unit 32. Here, the machine state information display window 42 displays a graph in which the vertical axis is the Z-axis load value and the horizontal axis is the time.
The contents of the display in the machine state information display window 42 are a graph of load values related to other axes, temperature, rotation speed of spindle 10, tool replacement, instead of Z-axis load value or together with Z-axis load value. The time, the tool number, the start time of the machining program P, or a combination thereof may be displayed.

The machining simulation data storage unit 34 stores information on a tool model that imitates a tool, a material model that imitates a work (material) before or during machining, and a machine model that imitates a machine tool 1 used for machining simulation. is doing. The tool model includes three-dimensional shape data of the tool related to each of a plurality of types of tools deployed in the tool changer, and a tool number as a tool identification code indicating the type of the tool. The three-dimensional shape data appropriately includes the three-dimensional coordinates related to the intermediate points of typical vertices and sides, and the size and curvature of the planes and curved surfaces constituting the outer surface, and the same applies to other models. The material model contains 3D shape data of the material. The mechanical model includes three-dimensional shape data of main structures such as the main shaft 10 and the feed shaft 12, data on the positional relationship with each other, and data on the movement mechanism by the feed shaft 12.
Various models are input in advance by various methods. For example, the machine model is input in advance by the machine tool maker, the tool model provided by the machine tool maker is input in advance by the machine tool maker, and the externally provided tool model and the material model are three-dimensional by the user. Input in advance by the 3D shape input function built into CAD (Computer Aided Design) application and machine tool simulation application.

The simulation range designation unit 36 designates a range in which machining simulation is performed by the above-mentioned input means.
The machining simulation execution unit 38 appropriately refers to various models in the machining simulation data storage unit 34 and the log data stored in the log data storage unit 30 according to the designation in the simulation range designation unit 36, and next Such a machining simulation is executed. That is, the machining simulation execution unit 38 replaces the tool model by the tool change command associated with the time, moves the shaft structure of the machine model by the position command, and scrapes the material model by the tool model.
Further, in the case of machining by the machining program P, the machining simulation execution unit 38 includes the machining program P stored in the machining simulation data storage unit 34 and the executing block associated with the time of the log data storage unit 30. Depending on the position in the machining program P, the execution location of the machining program P is displayed in synchronization with the machining simulation.
The machining simulation display unit 40 displays the result obtained by the machining simulation execution unit 38.

The log data storage unit 30 and the processing simulation data storage unit 34 are realized by a storage means (for example, a hard disk or a memory) of a PC.
The machining simulation execution unit 38 is realized by a CPU (central processing unit) of a PC.
The log data display unit 32 and the machining simulation display unit 40 are realized by a PC monitor.

The machining simulation device 4 of such a machine tool 1 operates as follows, for example.
That is, the machine tool 1 is machined by the machining program P or manually, and the log data from the start to the end (including interruption) of the machining is accumulated in the log data storage unit 30, and then the machining simulation is started. The machining simulation execution unit 38 displays at least one type of log data (for example, log data of the load value of the spindle 10) on the log data display unit 32, and receives the range designation in the simulation range designation unit 36. For the range designation, for the graph of the machine state information display window 42 displayed on the log data display unit 32, for example, based on the input for the portion pointed by the arrow D, the time at which the load value related to the input is exhibited is acquired as the designated time. You can do it by doing. The simulation range may specify both the start time and the end time, or specify either one from the time corresponding to the beginning of machining to the specified time, or from the specified time to the end of the log data. The simulation range may be up to the time of day. The arrow D does not have to be displayed.

Next, the machining simulation execution unit 38 inputs the log data in the log data storage unit 30 in the range specified by the simulation range designation unit 36, and further refers to various models in the machining simulation data storage unit 34 to refer to the machine tool. Execute the machining simulation according to 1. The time series in the machining simulation follows the output time order of the position command. The time series may be in the order of the input time of the position command, the order of the output time of the position detection value, or the like, instead of the order of the output time of the position command.
In the log data display unit 32, the log data in the log data storage unit 30 (including the manual operation information at the time of manual operation) according to the range (the time range in which the machining simulation is executed) specified by the simulation range specification unit 36. Is displayed.

Subsequently, the machining simulation execution unit 38 displays the result of the machining simulation on the machining simulation display unit 40 as shown in FIG.

That is, the machining simulation display unit 40 displays the result display window 50 as shown in FIG. The result display window 50 has a model display unit 52 arranged in the center, an NC information display unit 54 arranged on the left side, a load factor display unit 56 arranged on the right side thereof, and a command display arranged on the right side. It has a part 58 and.

The model display unit 52 conforms to various models and log data when a block (during machining by a machining program) or a command (during machining by a machining program or manually operated machining) related to a predetermined time is executed. A two-dimensional image that imitates the three-dimensional image is displayed. For example, the machining simulation execution unit 38 linearly moves the model of the spindle 10 (three-dimensional coordinate values of each vertex, etc.) to a position corresponding to the value of the X-axis position command in a virtual three-dimensional space. A tool that can be converted into a two-dimensional image and displayed on the model display unit 52, or the model of the table on which the material model is placed can be rotated and moved to a position corresponding to the value of the position command of the B axis and displayed as an image. When the model touches or overlaps with the material model, the material model is virtually scraped in a virtual three-dimensional space according to the rotation speed of the spindle 10 indicated by the log data, and the material model is converted into an image including the state. And display it. That is, the machining simulation execution unit 38 controls the relative position between the tool model and the material model, and performs machining of the material model by the tool model (here, scraping, cutting) in a virtual three-dimensional space. It is displayed on the model display unit 52 as a two-dimensional image according to a predetermined viewpoint or line of sight. The rotation speed of the spindle 10 is not essential in the machining simulation and may not be used.
The processing simulation execution unit 38 may generate and display a new image in which the viewpoint or line of sight of the image is changed based on an input to the model display unit 52 (for example, dragging a pointing device) by calculation such as model calculation. can. For example, the machining simulation execution unit 38 converts three-dimensional coordinate values such as vertices into positions such as vertices in a two-dimensional image based on the calculated viewpoint and line of sight.
The machining simulation execution unit 38 displays images in chronological order of position commands, that is, displays moving images based on the input to the play button 60 on the upper left of the result display window 50, and displays the pause button 62 and the stop button 64. Pauses and stops the video display based on the input. Further, different colors may be given to each member such as the spindle 10, the tool, the cutting edge, the material (work), the table, the turntable, and the table in the image (various models) or each of the main parts thereof.

The NC information display unit 54 is provided with a sequence number (during machining by a machining program) or a command time (during machining by a machining program or during manual operation machining) displayed on the model display section 52, and a command for each axis of the feed shaft 12. The value and the rotation speed of the spindle 10 (spindle rotation speed) and the like are displayed.
The load factor display unit 56 displays the load factor of each axis related to the display target command time. The load factor is the load value of each shaft divided by the rated load of each shaft and multiplied by 100 (%). “S” indicates the load value of the spindle 10 (spindle load value), and the others indicate the load value of each axis of the feed shaft 12. The spindle load value, the load value of each shaft (during machining by the machining program or manual operation machining), and the sequence number (during machining by the machining program) correspond to the machine state information.

In the case of machining by the machining program P, a part or all of the machining program P including the block being executed and the blocks before and after the block being executed is displayed on the command display unit 58, and the block being executed is highlighted. ..
The machining simulation execution unit 38 may change the display on the model display unit 52 or the like based on the input to the command display unit 58. That is, the machining simulation execution unit 38 may display an image or the like corresponding to the block based on the input for an arbitrary line of the command display unit 58. Further, the result display window 50 and the machine state information display window 42 can be displayed side by side or partially overlapped at the same time. Further, the machine state information may be displayed in the result display window 50, and conversely, the command value may be displayed in the machine state information display window 42.
On the other hand, in the case of machining by manual operation, the manual operation history is displayed on the command display unit 58. The manual operation history represents a change in the manual operation information in a message format, and is displayed as, for example, "pressing the spindle forward rotation button" or "pressing the X-axis manual feed button". In this display, the execution location of the manual operation history is highlighted in accordance with the time of the log data referred to in the machining simulation.
When a manual interrupt for manually intervening a machine operation is performed during machining by the machining program P, at least one of the running block and the manual operation history at the time currently referred to is displayed on the command display unit 58. Will be done.

In the above machining simulation device 4, the relative position between the tool model and the material model is controlled, and the material model is machined by the tool model to perform the machining simulation in the machine tool 1, and the machine tool 1 is used as log data. A machining simulation is performed by inputting at least one of the position command and the position detection value acquired in correspondence with the time, and the result is displayed. Therefore, the past actual operating conditions of the machine tool 1 are reproduced on the machining simulation device 4, and the operator performs manual operations such as overriding the spindle 10 and the feed shaft 12 at the time of actual machining in the past, for example. Even if this is done, accurate machining simulation that reflects the operation is possible. In addition, the position detection value acquired as log data can be verified by machining simulation, and such verification has an effect on the machining shape caused by the tracking error, which is the difference between the position command and the position detection value in the machine tool 1. , Verifiable. In addition, the machining simulation can be executed even when the operator manually performs machining using the manual operation input unit M such as the manual feed button.
Further, the load value of the spindle 10, the load value of the feed shaft 12, the rotation speed of the spindle 10, and the sequence number of the machining program P, which are acquired as log data from the machine tool 1 in accordance with the time, are also displayed. .. Therefore, the operator can refer to the spindle load value, the feed shaft load value, the spindle speed, and the sequence number of the machining program P at the same time as displaying the machining simulation result, which makes it easier to grasp the operating status and troubleshoot. Become.
Furthermore, the log data is displayed in chronological order, and the time range related to the machining simulation is specified based on the input for the display. Therefore, the operator can easily specify a desired range to be the target of the machining simulation.
In addition, at least one of the block of the machining program P corresponding to the machining simulation and the manual operation history is displayed together. Therefore, for example, when the load value of the spindle 10 changes significantly even though there is no change in the cutting state in the result display of the machining simulation, it can be understood that an abnormality such as tool breakage has occurred due to the machining. Etc., it becomes easier to grasp the operating status and troubleshoot.

The machine tool processing simulation device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment of the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed as necessary without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, the machine tool 1 may be something other than a 5-axis control machining center, and machining by the machine tool 1 may be something other than cutting.
Further, the machining simulation device 4 stores log data of a plurality of machine tools 1 and NC device 2 in the log data storage unit 30, and may switch to each configuration of the machine tool 1 and the NC device 2 to perform machining simulation. good. In this case, the machining simulation data storage unit 34 stores the machine model, tool model, material model, jig model, etc. necessary for performing the machining simulation of the plurality of machine tools 1, and the machining simulation execution unit 38. Selects and refers to the machine model, etc. required for verification according to the target log data.

1 ... Machine tool, 4 ... Machining simulation device, 10 ... Spindle, 12 ... Feed shaft, P ... Machining program.

Claims (4)

It is a machining simulation device that performs machining simulation in a machine tool by controlling the relative position between the tool model and the material model and machining the material model by the tool model.
A machining simulation is performed by inputting at least one of a position command and a position detection value acquired from the machine tool as log data corresponding to the time, the result is displayed, and the manual operation history corresponding to the machining simulation is also added. machining simulation apparatus according to claim displayable der Rukoto. At least one of the spindle load value, feed shaft load value, spindle speed, temperature, tool number, machining program sequence number, and machining program start command acquired from the machine tool as log data in accordance with the time. The machining simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool is also displayed. The machining simulation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the log data is displayed in time series, and a time range related to the machining simulation is specified based on an input to the display. The machining simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in displayable der isosamples together blocks of the machining program corresponding to the machining simulation.

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