JP6909634B2 - Cryogenic gas storage tank - Google Patents

Cryogenic gas storage tank Download PDF

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JP6909634B2
JP6909634B2 JP2017099499A JP2017099499A JP6909634B2 JP 6909634 B2 JP6909634 B2 JP 6909634B2 JP 2017099499 A JP2017099499 A JP 2017099499A JP 2017099499 A JP2017099499 A JP 2017099499A JP 6909634 B2 JP6909634 B2 JP 6909634B2
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tank
inner tank
heat insulating
gas
roof
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JP2018194116A (en
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聡 堀野
聡 堀野
貴行 村上
貴行 村上
衣里 中村
衣里 中村
山口　貴裕
貴裕 山口
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Kawasaki Motors Ltd
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Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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Description

本発明は、平底円筒型の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクに関し、特に液化水素を貯蔵可能な貯蔵タンクに関する。 The present invention relates to a flat-bottomed cylindrical low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank, and more particularly to a storage tank capable of storing liquefied hydrogen.

低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクであるＬＮＧタンクでは、内槽と外槽の間にパーライトとグラスウール等の断熱材が充填されており、このパーライトに湿気が入るのを防止するため、断熱材が充填された内槽と外槽の間の空間には窒素ガスを充填して不活性雰囲気に保持し、外気温や気圧の変動があっても、窒素ガスの体積変化を調整して窒素ガスの封入圧を常に大気圧程度の一定圧に保持する為に内外槽間の窒素ガス封入空間に接続されたブリージングタンクが設けられている。 In the LNG tank, which is a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank, a heat insulating material such as pearlite and glass wool is filled between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the heat insulating material is filled to prevent moisture from entering the pearlite. The space between the inner tank and the outer tank is filled with nitrogen gas to maintain an inert atmosphere, and even if there are fluctuations in the outside temperature or pressure, the volume change of the nitrogen gas is adjusted to increase the filling pressure of the nitrogen gas. A breathing tank connected to a nitrogen gas-filled space between the inner and outer tanks is provided to maintain a constant pressure of about atmospheric pressure at all times.

特許文献１や特許文献２には、上記のように内外槽間の窒素ガス封入空間をブリージングタンクに接続したＬＮＧタンクの例が記載されている。
前記ブリージングタンクは、鋼製のタンク本体と、タンク本体の内部を窒素ガス収容部と大気開放室とに区画するカウンタウェイト付きのダイヤフラムバルーンとを有する。 Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 describe an example of an LNG tank in which the nitrogen gas-filled space between the inner and outer tanks is connected to the breathing tank as described above.
The breathing tank has a steel tank body and a diaphragm balloon with a counter weight that divides the inside of the tank body into a nitrogen gas accommodating portion and an air opening chamber.

特開２０１６−１２５５０８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-125508 特開平１１−２７０７９１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-270791

従来のＬＮＧタンクのように、内外槽間に窒素ガスを封入する場合には、前記のようにＬＮＧタンクの容量に応じたサイズのブリージングタンクを設けなければならないため、
ＬＮＧタンクの製作費が高価になる。 When nitrogen gas is sealed between the inner and outer tanks as in a conventional LNG tank, a breathing tank of a size corresponding to the capacity of the LNG tank must be provided as described above.
The production cost of LNG tanks becomes expensive.

他方、液化水素を貯蔵する低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクの場合、水素ガスの沸点（−２５３℃）は窒素ガスの沸点（−１９６℃）や融点（−２１０℃）に比較して低いため、内外槽間に窒素ガスを封入すると、その窒素ガスが液化し、固化してしまうという問題がある。 On the other hand, in the case of a cryogenic gas storage tank that stores liquefied hydrogen, the boiling point (-253 ° C) of hydrogen gas is lower than the boiling point (-196 ° C) and melting point (-210 ° C) of nitrogen gas, so the inner and outer tanks If nitrogen gas is sealed between them, there is a problem that the nitrogen gas is liquefied and solidified.

本発明の目的は、ブリージングタンクを省略可能で、内外槽間に封入するガスの液化や固化を防止可能な低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクを提供することである。 An object of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic liquefied gas storage tank in which a breathing tank can be omitted and the gas sealed between the inner and outer tanks can be prevented from being liquefied or solidified.

請求項１の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、低温液化ガスを貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクにおいて、鋼製の内槽と、前記内槽の外側に形成された鋼製の外槽と、前記内槽と前記外槽との間に形成された断熱空間と、前記内槽内の気相部空間を前記断熱空間に連通させる連通路と、を備え、前記断熱空間には、前記低温液化ガスの気相状態にあるガスと同種のガスが充填され、前記連通路は、前記内槽内の気相部空間と前記断熱空間とを連通させるように内槽屋根に接合された連通管であり、前記連通管には、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止するフィルタが装着されていることを特徴としている。
上記の構成によれば、断熱空間と内槽内の気相部空間とを連通させる連通路によって、断熱空間に低温液化ガスが蒸発した低温ガスと同種の低温ガスを充填するため、断熱空間内の低温ガスが低温液化ガスで冷却されて液化したり、固化したりする虞がないうえ、断熱空間内の低温ガスの体積変化を吸収するためのブリージングタンクを省略することができるから、ブリージングタンクの製作費だけ低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクの製作費を節減することができる。また、連通路を簡単な構造の連通管で構成することができ、この連通管に装着したフィルタにより、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止することができる。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 1 is a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores low-temperature liquefied gas, and includes a steel inner tank, a steel outer tank formed outside the inner tank, and the inner tank. A heat insulating space formed between the outer tank and the outer tank, and a communication passage for communicating the gas phase part space in the inner tank to the heat insulating space are provided. A gas of the same type as the gas in the phase state is filled , and the communication passage is a communication pipe joined to the inner tank roof so as to communicate the gas phase portion space in the inner tank and the heat insulating space. The communication pipe is characterized in that a filter is attached to prevent the heat insulating material filled in the heat insulating space from entering the inner tank.
According to the above configuration, the heat insulating space is filled with the same kind of low temperature gas as the low temperature gas evaporated by the low temperature liquefied gas by the communication passage that connects the heat insulating space and the gas phase space in the inner tank. There is no risk that the low-temperature gas will be cooled by the low-temperature liquefied gas and liquefied or solidified, and the breathing tank for absorbing the volume change of the low-temperature gas in the heat insulating space can be omitted. The production cost of the low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank can be reduced by the production cost of. Further, the communication passage can be composed of a communication pipe having a simple structure, and the filter attached to the communication pipe can prevent the heat insulating material filled in the heat insulating space from entering the inner tank. ..

請求項２の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、低温液化ガスを貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクにおいて、鋼製の内槽と、前記内槽の外側に形成された鋼製の外槽と、前記内槽と前記外槽との間に形成された断熱空間と、前記内槽内の気相部空間を前記断熱空間に連通させる連通路とを備え、前記断熱空間には、前記低温液化ガスの気相状態にあるガスと同種のガスが充填され、前記内槽の内槽屋根は、内槽側板の上端の円形開口を覆うように前記内槽側板の上端に載置された吊りデッキで構成され、前記連通路は前記内槽側板と前記吊りデッキの間の１又は複数の連通隙間により構成され、前記連通路には、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止するフィルタが装着されていることを特徴としている。
上記の構成によれば、断熱空間と内槽内の気相部空間とを連通させる連通路によって、断熱空間に低温液化ガスが蒸発した低温ガスと同種の低温ガスを充填するため、断熱空間内の低温ガスが低温液化ガスで冷却されて液化したり、固化したりする虞がないうえ、断熱空間内の低温ガスの体積変化を吸収するためのブリージングタンクを省略することができるから、ブリージングタンクの製作費だけ低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクの製作費を節減することができる。連通路を内槽側板と吊りデッキの間の１又は複数の連通隙間により構成するため、連通路の構成が簡単化し、連通路の製作費が殆どかからない。また、フィルタにより、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止することができる。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 2 is a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores low-temperature liquefied gas, and includes a steel inner tank, a steel outer tank formed outside the inner tank, and the inner tank. A heat insulating space formed between the outer tank and the outer tank, and a communication passage for communicating the gas phase space in the inner tank to the heat insulating space are provided, and the heat insulating space has a gas phase of the low temperature liquefied gas. The inner tank roof of the inner tank is filled with a gas of the same type as the gas in the state, and is composed of a hanging deck placed on the upper end of the inner tank side plate so as to cover the circular opening at the upper end of the inner tank side plate. The communication passage is composed of one or a plurality of communication gaps between the inner tank side plate and the suspension deck, and prevents the heat insulating material filled in the heat insulating space from entering the inner tank in the communication passage. It is characterized by being equipped with a filter.
According to the above configuration, the heat insulating space is filled with the same kind of low temperature gas as the low temperature gas evaporated by the low temperature liquefied gas by the communication passage that connects the heat insulating space and the gas phase space in the inner tank. There is no risk that the low-temperature gas will be cooled by the low-temperature liquefied gas and liquefied or solidified, and the breathing tank for absorbing the volume change of the low-temperature gas in the heat insulating space can be omitted. The production cost of the low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank can be reduced by the production cost of. Since the communication passage is composed of one or a plurality of communication gaps between the inner tank side plate and the suspension deck, the configuration of the communication passage is simplified and the production cost of the communication passage is almost zero. In addition, the filter can prevent the heat insulating material filled in the heat insulating space from entering the inner tank.

請求項３の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記連通路は、内槽屋根と前記断熱空間と外槽屋根とを貫通して前記外槽屋根の外側へ延びてから前記外槽屋根に接合された連通管により構成され、前記連通管の一端部が前記内槽屋根に接合され、途中部が前記外槽屋根に接合され、他端部が前記外槽屋根に接合されたことを特徴としている。 Low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the communication passage, extends through the inner tank roof and the insulation space and the outer tank roof to the outside of the outer tub roof It is composed of a communication pipe joined to the outer tank roof, one end of the communication pipe is joined to the inner tank roof, the middle part is joined to the outer tank roof, and the other end is joined to the outer tank roof. It is characterized by being joined.

以上の構成によれば、連通管が外槽屋根との接続部から上方へ立ち上がってから外槽屋根と内槽屋根とを貫通して内槽屋根に接続されるため、断熱空間内の粒状のパーライトが
連通管を通って内槽内へ侵入するのを防止することができる。 According to the above configuration, the communication pipe rises upward from the connection portion with the outer tank roof, passes through the outer tank roof and the inner tank roof, and is connected to the inner tank roof. It is possible to prevent pearlite from entering the inner tank through the communication pipe.

請求項４の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、請求項１に記載の発明において、前記連通路の少なくとも前記途中部から前記他端部までの区間が断熱構造であることを特徴としている。
以上の構成によれば、外部から当該区間への入熱を抑制することができる。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, at least a section from the middle portion to the other end portion of the communication passage has a heat insulating structure.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to suppress heat input from the outside to the section.

請求項５の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、請求項１〜４の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記外槽の外側に形成された円筒状のＰＣ防液堤を備えたことを特徴としている。
以上の構成によれば、何らかの事故により内槽と外槽から低温液化ガスが漏れた場合にも、ＰＣ防液堤により外部への漏洩を防止することができる。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , it is provided with a cylindrical PC liquid barrier formed on the outside of the outer tank. There is.
According to the above configuration, even if the low temperature liquefied gas leaks from the inner tank and the outer tank due to some accident, the leakage to the outside can be prevented by the PC liquid barrier.

請求項６の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクは、請求項１〜５の何れか１項に記載の発明において、前記低温液化ガスが液化水素であり、前記低温ガスが水素ガスであることを特徴としている。以上の構成によれば、断熱空間に水素ガスを充填した状態で、内槽内に低温液化ガスを貯蔵することができる。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , the low-temperature liquefied gas is liquefied hydrogen and the low-temperature gas is hydrogen gas. .. According to the above configuration, the cryogenic liquefied gas can be stored in the inner tank in a state where the heat insulating space is filled with hydrogen gas.

本発明によれば、前記のような種々の効果が得られる。 According to the present invention, various effects as described above can be obtained.

本発明の実施例１に係る液化水素貯蔵タンクの縦断面図である。It is a vertical sectional view of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. 実施例２に係る液化水素貯蔵タンクの縦断面図である。It is a vertical sectional view of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank which concerns on Example 2. FIG. 図２のａ部の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the part a of FIG.

本発明を実施するための形態について実施例に基づいて説明する。 A mode for carrying out the present invention will be described based on examples.

本実施例は、本発明の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクを大型の液化水素貯蔵タンクに適用した場合の例である。
図１に示すように、この液化水素貯蔵タンク１は、液化水素（低温液化ガスに相当する）を貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクである。この液化水素貯蔵タンク１は、内槽２と、外槽３と、内槽２と外槽３との間に形成された断熱層５を有する断熱空間４（断熱材配置室）と、内槽２内の気相部空間６と断熱空間４を連通させる連通路７と、断熱空間４に充填された水素ガス（低温液化ガスの気相状態にあるガスに相当する）と、外槽３の外周面に当接状に形成された円筒状のＰＣ防液堤８とを備えている。尚、「ＰＣ」はプレストレストコンクリートの略語である。 This example is an example when the low temperature liquefied gas storage tank of the present invention is applied to a large liquefied hydrogen storage tank.
As shown in FIG. 1, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 1 is a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores liquefied hydrogen (corresponding to a low-temperature liquefied gas). The liquefied hydrogen storage tank 1 includes an inner tank 2, an outer tank 3, a heat insulating space 4 (heat insulating material arrangement room) having a heat insulating layer 5 formed between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3, and an inner tank. The communication passage 7 that communicates the gas phase part space 6 and the heat insulating space 4 in 2, the hydrogen gas (corresponding to the gas in the gas phase state of the low temperature liquefied gas) filled in the heat insulating space 4, and the outer tank 3 It is provided with a cylindrical PC liquid barrier 8 formed in contact with the outer peripheral surface. "PC" is an abbreviation for prestressed concrete.

前記内槽２は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼等の低温用かつ耐水素脆性を有する鋼製のもので、ドーム形の内槽屋根２ａと円筒形の内槽側板２ｂと円板状の内槽底板２ｃとを有する。例えば、内槽屋根２ａの板厚は約５ｍｍ、内槽側板２ｂの板厚は約１０〜２０ｍｍ、内槽底板２ｃの板厚は約６ｍｍであるが、これらの板厚は例示であってこれらの板厚に限定されるものではない。 The inner tank 2 is made of austenitic stainless steel or other steel for low temperature and has hydrogen brittle resistance, and has a dome-shaped inner tank roof 2a, a cylindrical inner tank side plate 2b, and a disk-shaped inner tank bottom plate 2c. And have. For example, the plate thickness of the inner tank roof 2a is about 5 mm, the plate thickness of the inner tank side plate 2b is about 10 to 20 mm, and the plate thickness of the inner tank bottom plate 2c is about 6 mm. It is not limited to the plate thickness of.

前記外槽３は、オーステナイトステンレス鋼等の低温用かつ耐水素脆性を有する鋼製のもので、ドーム形の外槽屋根３ａと円筒形の外槽側板３ｂと円板状の外槽底板３ｃとを有する。例えば、外槽３の板厚は約３〜４ｍｍであるが、この板厚は例示であってこの板厚に限定されるものではない。 The outer tank 3 is made of austenitic stainless steel or other steel for low temperature and has hydrogen brittle resistance, and has a dome-shaped outer tank roof 3a, a cylindrical outer tank side plate 3b, and a disk-shaped outer tank bottom plate 3c. Has. For example, the plate thickness of the outer tank 3 is about 3 to 4 mm, but this plate thickness is an example and is not limited to this plate thickness.

前記内槽２と外槽３の間の断熱空間４には断熱材からなる断熱層５が装着されている。
前記内槽屋根２ａと外槽屋根３ａの間の断熱層５ａは粒状のパーライトからなる。内槽側板２ｂと外槽側板３ｂの間の断熱層５ｂは例えばＰＵＦ（ポリウレタンフォーム）と粒状パーライトとグラスウールからなる。但し、これら断熱材は一例であり、これらに限定されるものではなく、例えば、ＰＵＦの代わりにフェノールフォームを採用可能である。 A heat insulating layer 5 made of a heat insulating material is attached to the heat insulating space 4 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3.
The heat insulating layer 5a between the inner tank roof 2a and the outer tank roof 3a is made of granular pearlite. The heat insulating layer 5b between the inner tank side plate 2b and the outer tank side plate 3b is made of, for example, PUF (polyurethane foam), granular pearlite, and glass wool. However, these heat insulating materials are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these, and for example, phenol foam can be adopted instead of PUF.

内槽底板２ｃと外槽底板３ｃの間の断熱層５ｃは例えばパーライトレベルコンクリートと泡ガラスと軽量気泡コンクリート等で構成されている。但し、これら断熱材は一例であり、これらに限定されるものではない。 The heat insulating layer 5c between the inner tank bottom plate 2c and the outer tank bottom plate 3c is composed of, for example, pearlite level concrete, foam glass, lightweight cellular concrete, or the like. However, these heat insulating materials are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

前記内槽２と外槽３の間の断熱空間４には、前記の断熱層５の他に、断熱空間４に空気と共に湿気が侵入するのを防止するため、水素ガスが充填されている。
前記連通路７は、外気温や気圧の変動による断熱空間４内の水素ガスの体積変化を吸収するために、断熱空間４を内槽２内の気相部空間６に連通させるものであり、この連通路７は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼等の低温用かつ耐水素脆性を有する鋼製の連通管７ｐで構成されている。 In addition to the heat insulating layer 5, the heat insulating space 4 between the inner tank 2 and the outer tank 3 is filled with hydrogen gas in order to prevent moisture and air from entering the heat insulating space 4.
The communication passage 7 communicates the heat insulating space 4 with the gas phase space 6 in the inner tank 2 in order to absorb the volume change of the hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 4 due to the fluctuation of the outside temperature and the pressure. The communication passage 7 is composed of a communication pipe 7p made of steel such as austenitic stainless steel for low temperature and having hydrogen brittleness resistance.

前記連通路７は、内槽屋根２ａと断熱空間４と外槽屋根３ａとを貫通して外槽屋根３ａの外側へ延びてから外槽屋根３ａに接合された少なくとも１つの連通管７ｐにより構成されている。連通管７ｐの下端近傍部（一端部）が上方から内槽屋根２ａを貫通して気相部空間６に突出した状態で内槽屋根２ａに溶接されている。連通管７ｐの途中部が外槽屋根３ａを上下に貫通して外槽屋根３ａに溶接されている。 The communication passage 7 is composed of at least one communication pipe 7p that penetrates the inner tank roof 2a, the heat insulating space 4 and the outer tank roof 3a, extends to the outside of the outer tank roof 3a, and is joined to the outer tank roof 3a. Has been done. A portion near the lower end (one end) of the communication pipe 7p is welded to the inner tank roof 2a in a state of penetrating the inner tank roof 2a from above and projecting into the gas phase space 6. An intermediate portion of the communication pipe 7p penetrates the outer tank roof 3a up and down and is welded to the outer tank roof 3a.

連通管７ｐは上記の途中部から上方へ所定距離延びてからＵターンして下方へ延び、連通管７ｐの上端部又は上端近傍部（他端部）が上方から外槽屋根３ａに貫通した状態で外槽屋根３ａに溶接されている。また、連通路７の上部の内部に粒状パーライトが通過しないようにするためのフィルター７ｆが装着されていてもよい。尚、必要に応じて複数の連通路７を設けてもよい。更に、連通管７ｐの少なくとも前記途中部から前記他端部までの区間が、真空断熱構造、又は、断熱材等によって覆われた断熱構造であってもよい。これにより、外部から当該区間への入熱を抑制することができる。 The communication pipe 7p extends upward from the middle portion by a predetermined distance, then makes a U-turn and extends downward, and the upper end portion or the upper end vicinity portion (the other end portion) of the communication pipe 7p penetrates the outer tank roof 3a from above. It is welded to the outer tank roof 3a. Further, a filter 7f may be mounted inside the upper part of the communication passage 7 to prevent the granular pearlite from passing through. If necessary, a plurality of communication passages 7 may be provided. Further, at least the section from the middle portion to the other end portion of the communication pipe 7p may be a vacuum heat insulating structure or a heat insulating structure covered with a heat insulating material or the like. As a result, it is possible to suppress heat input from the outside to the section.

尚、連通路７の別の変形例としては、連通路７は、内槽内の気相部空間６と断熱空間４とを連通させるように内槽屋根２ａのみに接合された連通管であってもよい。この場合、連通管７ｐには、断熱空間４に充填された粒状パーライト等の断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止するフィルタが装着されている。 As another modification of the communication passage 7, the communication passage 7 is a communication pipe joined only to the inner tank roof 2a so as to communicate the gas phase part space 6 and the heat insulating space 4 in the inner tank. You may. In this case, the communication pipe 7p is equipped with a filter that prevents the heat insulating material such as granular pearlite filled in the heat insulating space 4 from entering the inner tank.

次に、以上説明した液化水素貯蔵タンク１の作用、効果について説明する。
内槽２内の液化水素ガスが蒸発した水素ガスと同種の水素ガスを断熱空間４に充填するため、その断熱空間４内の水素ガスが断熱層５を介して液化水素ガスで冷却されても液化したり固化したりする虞がない。そして、断熱空間４に水素ガスを充填するため、断熱空間４に空気及び湿気が侵入することがない。 Next, the action and effect of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 1 described above will be described.
Since the hydrogen gas of the same type as the evaporated hydrogen gas in the inner tank 2 is filled in the heat insulating space 4, even if the hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 4 is cooled by the liquefied hydrogen gas via the heat insulating layer 5. There is no risk of liquefaction or solidification. Since the heat insulating space 4 is filled with hydrogen gas, air and moisture do not enter the heat insulating space 4.

前記連通路７により、内槽２内の気相部空間６と断熱空間４を連通するため、外気温や気圧により断熱空間４内の水素ガスの体積が膨張した際には、断熱空間４内の水素ガスの一部が連通路７を通って気相部空間６へ移動し、また、断熱空間４内の水素ガスの体積が減少した際には、気相部空間６の水素ガスの一部が連通路７を通って断熱空間４へ移動する。こうして、ブリージングタンクを用いることなく、断熱空間４内の水素ガスの圧力変動を防止することができる。
このように、ブリージングタンクを省略することができるため、液化水素貯蔵タンク１の製作費を低減することができる。 Since the gas phase part space 6 in the inner tank 2 and the heat insulating space 4 are communicated with each other by the communication passage 7, when the volume of hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 4 expands due to the outside temperature or pressure, the inside of the heat insulating space 4 is formed. When a part of the hydrogen gas moves to the gas phase space 6 through the communication passage 7 and the volume of the hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 4 decreases, one of the hydrogen gases in the gas phase space 6 The part moves to the heat insulating space 4 through the communication passage 7. In this way, it is possible to prevent the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 4 without using the breathing tank.
As described above, since the breathing tank can be omitted, the manufacturing cost of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 1 can be reduced.

前記連通路７を構成する連通管７ｐは、外槽屋根３ａとの接続部から一旦上方へ立ち上がってから断熱空間４を貫通状に下方へ延びるように構成されているため、断熱空間４内の断熱層５の粒状のパーライトが連通路７から内槽２内へ侵入する虞はない。それ故、信頼性の高い連通路７となる。 Since the communication pipe 7p constituting the communication passage 7 is configured to rise upward from the connection portion with the outer tank roof 3a and then extend downward in a penetrating manner through the heat insulating space 4, the communication pipe 7p is formed in the heat insulating space 4. There is no possibility that the granular pearlite of the heat insulating layer 5 will enter the inner tank 2 from the communication passage 7. Therefore, it becomes a highly reliable communication passage 7.

本実施例は、実施例１と同様に、本発明の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクを大型の液化水素貯蔵タンクに適用した場合の例である。
図２に示すように、この液化水素貯蔵タンク１０は、液化水素（低温液化ガスに相当する）を貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクである。この液化水素貯蔵タンク１０は、内槽１２と、外槽１３と、内槽１２と外槽１３との間の断熱空間１４及びこの断熱空間１４に装着された断熱層１５と、内槽２内の気相部空間１６と断熱空間１４を連通させる連通路１７と、断熱空間１４に充填された水素ガス（低温ガスに相当する）と、外槽１３の外周面に当接状に形成された円筒状のＰＣ防液堤１８とを備えている。 The present embodiment is an example in which the low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank of the present invention is applied to a large-scale liquefied hydrogen storage tank as in the case of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 10 is a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores liquefied hydrogen (corresponding to a low-temperature liquefied gas). The liquefied hydrogen storage tank 10 includes an inner tank 12, an outer tank 13, a heat insulating space 14 between the inner tank 12 and the outer tank 13, a heat insulating layer 15 attached to the heat insulating space 14, and the inner tank 2. A communication passage 17 that communicates the gas phase part space 16 and the heat insulating space 14 and hydrogen gas (corresponding to a low temperature gas) filled in the heat insulating space 14 are formed in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the outer tank 13. It is provided with a cylindrical PC liquid barrier 18.

前記内槽１２は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼等の低温用かつ耐水素脆性を有する鋼製のもので、円板状の内槽屋根１２ａと円筒形の内槽側板１２ｂと円板状の内槽底板１２ｃとを有する。内槽屋根１２ａは複数の吊りロッド１８により外槽屋根１３ａから吊持された吊りデッキに構成されている。内槽屋根１２ａの外径は内槽側板１２ｂの外径よりも僅かに大径であり、内槽屋根１２ａの外周近傍部が内槽側板１２ｂの上端に載置されている。 The inner tank 12 is made of austenitic stainless steel or other steel for low temperature and has hydrogen brittle resistance, and has a disk-shaped inner tank roof 12a, a cylindrical inner tank side plate 12b, and a disk-shaped inner tank bottom plate. Has 12c and. The inner tank roof 12a is configured as a hanging deck suspended from the outer tank roof 13a by a plurality of hanging rods 18. The outer diameter of the inner tank roof 12a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inner tank side plate 12b, and the outer peripheral portion of the inner tank roof 12a is placed on the upper end of the inner tank side plate 12b.

例えば、内槽屋根１２ａの板厚は約５〜７ｍｍ、内槽側板１２ｂの板厚は約１５〜２５ｍｍ、内槽底板１２ｃの板厚は約６ｍｍであるが、これらの板厚は例示であってこれらの板厚に限定されるものではない。 For example, the plate thickness of the inner tank roof 12a is about 5 to 7 mm, the plate thickness of the inner tank side plate 12b is about 15 to 25 mm, and the plate thickness of the inner tank bottom plate 12c is about 6 mm. The thickness is not limited to these.

前記外槽１３は、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼等の低温用かつ耐水素脆性を有する鋼製のもので、ドーム形の外槽屋根１３ａと円筒形の外槽側板１３ｂと円板状の外槽底板１３ｃとを有する。例えば、外槽１３の板厚は約３〜４ｍｍであるが、この板厚は例示であってこの板厚に限定されるものではない。 The outer tank 13 is made of austenitic stainless steel or other steel for low temperature and has hydrogen brittle resistance, and has a dome-shaped outer tank roof 13a, a cylindrical outer tank side plate 13b, and a disk-shaped outer tank bottom plate 13c. And have. For example, the plate thickness of the outer tank 13 is about 3 to 4 mm, but this plate thickness is an example and is not limited to this plate thickness.

前記内槽１２と外槽１３の間の断熱空間１４には断熱材からなる断熱層１５が装着されている。前記内槽屋根１２ａと外槽屋根１３ａの間の断熱層１５ａは例えば所定の厚さのＰＵＦとグラスウールからなる。内槽側板１２ｂと外槽側板１３ｂの間の断熱層１５ｂは例えばＰＵＦと粒状パーライトとグラスウールからなる。但し、これら断熱材は一例であり、これらに限定されるものではなく、例えば、ＰＵＦの代わりにフェノールフォームを採用可能である。 A heat insulating layer 15 made of a heat insulating material is attached to the heat insulating space 14 between the inner tank 12 and the outer tank 13. The heat insulating layer 15a between the inner tank roof 12a and the outer tank roof 13a is made of, for example, PUF and glass wool having a predetermined thickness. The heat insulating layer 15b between the inner tank side plate 12b and the outer tank side plate 13b is made of, for example, PUF, granular pearlite, and glass wool. However, these heat insulating materials are examples, and the present invention is not limited to these, and for example, phenol foam can be adopted instead of PUF.

内槽底板１２ｃと外槽底板１３ｃの間の断熱層１５ｃは例えばパーライトレベルコンクリートと泡ガラスと軽量気泡コンクリート等で構成されている。但し、これら断熱材は一例であり、これらに限定されるものではない。 The heat insulating layer 15c between the inner tank bottom plate 12c and the outer tank bottom plate 13c is composed of, for example, pearlite level concrete, foam glass, lightweight cellular concrete, or the like. However, these heat insulating materials are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

前記内槽１２と外槽１３の間の断熱空間１４には、前記の断熱層１５の他に、断熱空間１４に空気と共に湿気が侵入するのを防止するため、水素ガスが充填されている。
前記連通路１７は、外気温や気圧の変動による断熱空間１４内の水素ガスの体積変化を吸収するために、断熱空間１４を内槽１２内の気相部空間１６に連通させるものであり、この連通路１７は、図３に示すように、内槽側板１２ｂの上端と内槽屋根１２ａの下面との間の複数の小さな連通隙間１７ｇで構成されている。
この複数の連通隙間１７ｇから内槽１２内へ粒状パーライトが侵入しないように、内槽屋根１２ａと内槽側板１２ｂの間には、侵入防止構造が施されている。例えば、内槽屋根１２ａと内槽側板１２ｂの間には、少なくともそのどちらか一方に固定された筒状部材９やフィルタ９ａが配置されていてもよい。また、その他の構成として、内槽屋根１２ａの外縁部が鉛直下方に屈曲した構造であってもよい。 In addition to the heat insulating layer 15, the heat insulating space 14 between the inner tank 12 and the outer tank 13 is filled with hydrogen gas in order to prevent moisture and air from entering the heat insulating space 14.
The communication passage 17 communicates the heat insulating space 14 with the gas phase space 16 in the inner tank 12 in order to absorb the volume change of the hydrogen gas in the heat insulating space 14 due to the fluctuation of the outside temperature and the atmospheric pressure. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication passage 17 is composed of a plurality of small communication gaps 17g between the upper end of the inner tank side plate 12b and the lower surface of the inner tank roof 12a.
An intrusion prevention structure is provided between the inner tank roof 12a and the inner tank side plate 12b so that granular pearlite does not enter the inner tank 12 from the plurality of communication gaps 17g. For example, between the inner tank roof 12a and the inner tank side plate 12b, a tubular member 9 or a filter 9a fixed to at least one of them may be arranged. Further, as another configuration, the outer edge portion of the inner tank roof 12a may be bent vertically downward.

以上説明した液化水素貯蔵タンク１０の作用、効果は、実施例１の液化水素貯蔵タンク１の作用、効果と同様であるので、異なる点についてのみ説明する。
前記連通路１７を、内槽屋根１２ａの下面と内槽側板１２ｂの上端の間の複数の連通隙間１７ｇでもって構成するため、連通路１７の構成が簡単になり、連通路１７の製作費を節減することができる。 Since the actions and effects of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 10 described above are the same as the actions and effects of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 1 of Example 1, only the differences will be described.
Since the communication passage 17 is formed by a plurality of communication gaps 17g between the lower surface of the inner tank roof 12a and the upper end of the inner tank side plate 12b, the configuration of the communication passage 17 is simplified and the manufacturing cost of the communication passage 17 is reduced. You can save money.

次に、前記実施例を部分的に変更する例について説明する。
１）実施例１の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク１は、ＬＮＧ（液化天然ガス）、液化ヘリウム、液化窒素、液化酸素等の何れかを貯蔵する低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクにも同様に適用することができる。
２）実施例２の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク１０は、液化ヘリウムを貯蔵する低温液化ガス貯蔵タンクにも同様に適用することができる。
３）ＰＣ防液堤８，１８の代わりに、鋼製の円筒状の防液堤を設ける場合もある。 Next, an example of partially modifying the above embodiment will be described.
1) The cryogenic gas storage tank 1 of Example 1 can be similarly applied to a cryogenic gas storage tank that stores any one of LNG (liquefied natural gas), liquefied helium, liquefied nitrogen, liquefied oxygen, and the like. ..
2) The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank 10 of Example 2 can be similarly applied to a low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank that stores liquefied helium.
3) Instead of the PC liquid barriers 8 and 18, a steel cylindrical liquid barrier may be provided.

３）実施例１，２の液化水素貯蔵タンク１，１０は地上式の貯蔵タンクを例にして説明したが、地下式貯蔵タンク、又は半地下式貯蔵タンクに構成する場合もある。
４）その他、当業者ならば、本発明の趣旨を逸脱することなく、前記実施例に種々の変更を付加した形態で実施可能であり、本発明はそれら変更形態を包含するものである。 3) Although the liquefied hydrogen storage tanks 1 and 10 of Examples 1 and 2 have been described by taking an above-ground storage tank as an example, they may be configured as an underground storage tank or a semi-underground storage tank.
4) In addition, a person skilled in the art can carry out the embodiment in a form in which various modifications are added to the above embodiment without deviating from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention includes these modified forms.

１，１０ 低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク
２，１２ 内槽
２ａ，１２ａ 内槽屋根
１２ｂ 内槽側板
３，１３ 外槽
３ａ 外槽屋根
４，１４ 断熱空間
５，１５ 断熱層
７，１７ 連通路
７ｐ 連通管
１７ｇ 連通隙間
８，１８ ＰＣ防液堤 1,10 Low temperature liquefied gas storage tank 2,12 Inner tank 2a, 12a Inner tank roof 12b Inner tank side plate 3,13 Outer tank 3a Outer tank roof 4,14 Insulation space 5,15 Insulation layer 7,17 Communication passage 7p Communication pipe 17g communication gap 8,18 PC liquid barrier

Claims (6)

低温液化ガスを貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクにおいて、
鋼製の内槽と、
前記内槽の外側に形成された鋼製の外槽と、
前記内槽と前記外槽との間に形成された断熱空間と、
前記内槽内の気相部空間を前記断熱空間に連通させる連通路と、を備え、
前記断熱空間には、前記低温液化ガスの気相状態にあるガスと同種のガスが充填され、
前記連通路は、前記内槽内の気相部空間と前記断熱空間とを連通させるように内槽屋根に接合された連通管であり、
前記連通管には、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止するフィルタが装着されていることを特徴とする低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 In a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores cryogenic liquefied gas
Steel inner tank and
A steel outer tank formed on the outside of the inner tank and
A heat insulating space formed between the inner tank and the outer tank,
A communication passage for communicating the gas phase space in the inner tank with the heat insulating space is provided.
The heat insulating space is filled with a gas of the same type as the gas in the gas phase state of the cryogenic liquefied gas .
The communication passage is a communication pipe joined to the inner tank roof so as to communicate the gas phase part space in the inner tank and the heat insulating space.
A low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank characterized in that the communication pipe is equipped with a filter that prevents the heat insulating material filled in the heat insulating space from entering the inner tank. 低温液化ガスを貯蔵する平底円筒型のタンクにおいて、
鋼製の内槽と、
前記内槽の外側に形成された鋼製の外槽と、
前記内槽と前記外槽との間に形成された断熱空間と、
前記内槽内の気相部空間を前記断熱空間に連通させる連通路とを備え、
前記断熱空間には、前記低温液化ガスの気相状態にあるガスと同種のガスが充填され、
前記内槽の内槽屋根は、内槽側板の上端の円形開口を覆うように前記内槽側板の上端に載置された吊りデッキで構成され、
前記連通路は前記内槽側板と前記吊りデッキの間の１又は複数の連通隙間により構成され、
前記連通路には、前記断熱空間に充填された断熱材が内槽内に進入することを防止するフィルタが装着されていることを特徴とする低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 In a flat-bottomed cylindrical tank that stores cryogenic liquefied gas
Steel inner tank and
A steel outer tank formed on the outside of the inner tank and
A heat insulating space formed between the inner tank and the outer tank,
It is provided with a communication passage that communicates the gas phase space in the inner tank with the heat insulating space.
The heat insulating space is filled with a gas of the same type as the gas in the gas phase state of the cryogenic liquefied gas.
The inner tank roof of the inner tank is composed of a hanging deck placed on the upper end of the inner tank side plate so as to cover the circular opening at the upper end of the inner tank side plate.
The communication passage is composed of one or a plurality of communication gaps between the inner tank side plate and the suspension deck.
Wherein the communication passage, the low temperature liquefied gas storage tank you characterized in that the filter to prevent the heat-insulating space insulation material filled in enters the inner tank is mounted. 前記連通路は、内槽屋根と前記断熱空間と外槽屋根とを貫通して前記外槽屋根の外側へ延びてから前記外槽屋根に接合された連通管により構成され、
前記連通管の一端部が前記内槽屋根に接合され、途中部が前記外槽屋根に接合され、他端部が前記外槽屋根に接合されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 The communication passage is composed of a communication pipe that penetrates the inner tank roof, the heat insulating space, and the outer tank roof, extends to the outside of the outer tank roof, and is joined to the outer tank roof.
The low temperature according to claim 1, wherein one end of the communication pipe is joined to the inner tank roof, an intermediate part is joined to the outer tank roof, and the other end is joined to the outer tank roof. Liquefied gas storage tank. 前記連通路の少なくとも前記途中部から前記他端部までの区間が断熱構造であることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to claim 3 , wherein at least a section from the middle portion to the other end portion of the communication passage has a heat insulating structure. 前記外槽の外側に形成された円筒状のＰＣ防液堤を備えたことを特徴とする請求項１〜４の何れか１項に記載の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a cylindrical PC liquid barrier formed on the outside of the outer tank. 前記低温液化ガスが液化水素であることを特徴とする請求項１〜５の何れか１項に記載の低温液化ガス貯蔵タンク。 The low-temperature liquefied gas storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the low-temperature liquefied gas is liquefied hydrogen.
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