JP6903372B2 - Management device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a management device.

When charging the battery of an electric vehicle by connecting it to the connector of the electric vehicle, the charging information such as the voltage of the battery and the charging characteristics according to the type is received from the communication unit of the electric vehicle via the communication device, and the charging voltage, A charging power supply unit that charges a battery with charging characteristics suitable for the battery by specifying the charging current is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[Prior art literature]
[Patent Document]
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-245325

The problem to be solved

However, the charging power supply unit acquires the charging information of the battery from the electric vehicle. Therefore, if the vehicle cannot communicate with the electric vehicle, such as when the battery that can be attached to and detached from the vehicle is replaced and the vehicle moves away from the charging power supply unit, charging information cannot be obtained, which is suitable for the battery. It was not possible to charge due to the charging characteristics.

General disclosure

In one aspect of the invention, a management device is provided. The management device may manage the removable battery for the electrically driven vehicle. Battery information about the battery may be written to the battery. The management device may be located at the station for battery replacement. The management device may include a storage unit that stores a charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the battery information. The management device may include a reading unit that reads battery information from the battery. The management device may include a charge / discharge instruction unit that determines the charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the battery information read by the read unit by referring to the storage unit and outputs an instruction to the charge / discharge device of the station. Good.

The battery information may include a degree of deterioration that indicates the current degree of deterioration of the battery. As for the charge / discharge pattern, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery, the smaller the current value flowing into the battery and the current value discharged from the battery may be reduced. As for the charge / discharge pattern, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery, the longer the charge time until the rated voltage of the battery is reached and the discharge time until the predetermined voltage is reached.

The battery information may include at least one of the battery type, the current maximum allowable current of the battery, the current maximum allowable voltage of the battery, and the current maximum allowable temperature of the battery. The charge / discharge pattern may correspond to the degree of deterioration and at least one piece of information.

The outline of the above invention does not list all the necessary features of the present invention. Sub-combinations of these feature groups can also be inventions.

It is the schematic of the management system 20 by 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the vehicle 100 according to 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the battery 200 by 1st Embodiment. It is a figure of the table stored in the battery 200 by 1st Embodiment. It is a figure of the table stored in the battery 200 by 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the station 300 according to 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 400 according to 1st Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the server 500 according to 1st Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 1st Embodiment. It is a flow chart of another operation by 1st Embodiment. It is a flow chart of still another operation by 1st Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 2nd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 600 according to 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the server 700 according to the 3rd Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 3rd Embodiment. It is a flow chart of another operation by 3rd Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the battery 800 according to 4th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 900 according to 4th Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 4th Embodiment. It is the schematic of the management system 19 by 5th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the vehicle 150 according to the 5th embodiment. It is a block diagram of the battery 250 according to 5th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 450 according to 5th Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 5th Embodiment. It is the schematic of the management system 21 according to 6th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the vehicle 160 according to the sixth embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 600 according to 6th Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 6th Embodiment. It is a block diagram of the management apparatus 470 according to 7th Embodiment. It is a flow chart by 7th Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram of the station 1000 as a modification. It is a figure which shows the example of the computer 1200 which can embody a plurality of aspects of this invention in whole or in part.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention, but the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the claims. Also, not all combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the means of solving the invention. In the drawings, the same or similar parts may be given the same reference number to omit duplicate explanations.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the management system 20 according to the first embodiment. The management system 20 includes a vehicle 100 driven by electricity from the battery 200, a battery 200 that can be attached to and detached from the vehicle 100, and a station 300 that accommodates and charges and discharges a plurality of batteries 200. The management system 20 further includes a management device 400 that manages the battery 200, and a server 500 that communicates with the management device 400 via the communication network 40. The communication network 40 may be wired or wireless.

The management system 20 may be a system that does not include the server 500 and does not use the communication network 40. In this case, the station 300 and the management device 400 may manage the rental of the battery 200 standalone.

In the example of FIG. 1, there are areas A and B in which at least one station 300 and one management device 400 are arranged. Area A and area B are examples of predetermined areas, and are areas within a circle having a radius of 2 km, 5 km, 10 km, etc. centered on the station 300, for example.

The station 300 accommodates and charges the battery 200 used in the vehicle 100. Further, the station 300 rents the battery 200 to the user 60 of the vehicle 100.

The management device 400 is, for example, a PC, which manages the station 300 either distributed to the station 300 or remotely. Specifically, the management device 400 controls charging and lending of the battery 200 housed in the station 300. The management device 400 acquires the information of the vehicle 100 via the battery 200 and the station 300. Further, the management device 400 transmits the information acquired from the battery 200 to the server 500 via the station 300.

In this embodiment, the vehicle 100 is a motorcycle. Alternatively or additionally, the vehicle 100 may be a motorcycle, an electric bicycle, or the like.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 includes a battery accommodating unit 101 accommodating the battery 200, and a storage unit 120 including a condition storage unit 121, a user-related information storage unit 122, a vehicle-related information storage unit 126, and a vehicle ID storage unit 123. The battery accommodating unit 101 accommodates the battery 200 and is electrically connected.

The condition storage unit 121 includes a driving propensity determination condition for determining the driving propensity of the user 60 of the vehicle 100, an SOC (Systems of Charge) condition within an appropriate range of the battery 200, and a temperature condition within an appropriate range of the battery 200. To store. The SOC condition within the appropriate range includes not falling below a predetermined appropriate lower limit SOC. The temperature condition within the appropriate range includes not exceeding a predetermined appropriate upper limit temperature and not falling below a predetermined appropriate lower limit temperature.

The vehicle ID storage unit 123 stores the vehicle ID for identifying the individual of the vehicle 100. The vehicle ID includes, for example, VIN (Vehicle Identification Number).

The user-related information storage unit 122 stores user-related information related to the user 60 who uses the vehicle 100. The vehicle-related information storage unit 126 stores vehicle-related information related to the vehicle 100.

The vehicle-related information includes a vehicle ID, a vehicle class information indicating the vehicle class of the vehicle 100, a base position information indicating the position of the base where the vehicle 100 is used, at least the latest route history information, and the like. The user-related information includes a user ID, user address information indicating the user address of the user 60, and the like.

The vehicle 100 further inputs a plurality of information input from each configuration of the vehicle 100 into a vehicle ID stored in the vehicle ID storage unit 123, user-related information stored in the user-related information storage unit 122, and vehicle-related information. A writing unit 125 for writing to the battery 200 together with vehicle-related information stored in the storage unit 126 is provided.

The vehicle 100 further has a charge / discharge amount measuring unit 103 that measures the charge / discharge amount and outputs the charge / discharge amount to the writing unit 125 with respect to the battery 200 housed in the battery accommodating unit 101, and a charging / discharging amount measuring unit 103 that calculates the SOC and writes the SOC. The SOC calculation unit 105 that outputs to 125 is provided. The vehicle 100 further measures the temperature of the battery 200 housed in the battery accommodating unit 101, determines whether the temperature is within an appropriate range, and outputs the battery temperature measuring unit 107 to the writing unit 125. The battery 200 is provided with a regenerative power charging unit 109 for charging the regenerative power generated by the vehicle 100. Both the charge / discharge amount measuring unit 103 and the battery temperature measuring unit 107 output the measurement data to the SOC calculation unit 105 as well. The battery temperature measuring unit 107 may output the measured temperature itself to the writing unit 125.

The charge / discharge amount measuring unit 103 measures the current entering and exiting the battery 200 and the voltage of the battery 200, and integrates the current and the voltage to calculate the electric energy. When the regenerative power is generated by the brake operation of the vehicle 100, the regenerative power charging unit 109 charges the battery 200 with the generated power. The battery temperature measuring unit 107 measures the temperature of the battery 200, and by referring to the condition storage unit 121, the number of times the temperature of the battery 200 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined appropriate upper limit temperature and the temperature of the battery 200 are determined. Calculate the number of times the temperature has fallen below the predetermined lower limit temperature.

The SOC calculation unit 105 calculates the SOC of the battery 200 when the voltage of the battery 200 is input from the charge / discharge amount measurement unit 103 and the temperature of the battery 200 is input from the battery temperature measurement unit 107.

More specifically, the SOC calculation unit 105 determines the pre-measured no-load discharge characteristics (OCV [Open Circuit Voltage]) of the battery 200, the temperature characteristics, and the SOC- of the battery 200 pre-measured under specific conditions. Assuming that the measurement data such as the OCV curve is written in the battery 200 as a reference, the measurement data written in the battery 200 is read out. The SOC calculation unit 105 uses the voltage and temperature of the battery 200 input from the charge / discharge amount measurement unit 103 and the battery temperature measurement unit 107, and the measurement data read from the battery 200, to use the impedance track method of the battery 200. The impedance is constantly supplemented, and the SOC-OCV curve read from the battery 200 is written to the battery 200 to be updated. The SOC calculation unit 105 calculates the current SOC of the battery 200 based on the updated SOC-OCV curve and the current voltage of the battery 200 input from the charge / discharge amount measurement unit 103, and outputs the current SOC to the writing unit 125. To do. The SOC calculation unit 105 also refers to the condition storage unit 121 to determine whether or not the SOC of the battery 200 is within an appropriate range during the installation period, which is the period from the installation of the battery 200 to the vehicle 100 to the removal of the battery 200. Is determined and output to the writing unit 125.

The vehicle 100 further includes a date / time measurement unit 112 that measures the current date and time and outputs the current date and time to the writing unit 125, and a position information acquisition unit 111 that acquires the current position information of the vehicle 100 and outputs the current position information to the writing unit 125. It includes an acceleration measuring unit 113 that measures the acceleration of the vehicle 100 and outputs it to the writing unit 125.

The position information acquisition unit 111 acquires GPS data representing the latitude and longitude of the position of the vehicle 100 from, for example, GPS (Global Positioning System), and the above-mentioned area including the position of the vehicle 100 shown in the GPS data, for example, an area. A, area B, etc. are output as the current position information of the vehicle 100. Further, the position information acquisition unit 111 outputs the acquired GPS data itself as the current position information of the vehicle 100.

The date / time measurement unit 112 measures and outputs, for example, the time zone and the day of the week of one drive cycle from when the ignition switch of the vehicle 100 is turned on to when it is turned off.

The vehicle 100 further measures and writes the running time measuring unit 115 that measures the continuous running time per drive cycle of the vehicle 100 and outputs it to the writing unit 125, and measures the continuous running distance per drive cycle of the vehicle 100. It is provided with a mileage measuring unit 117 that outputs to the inclusion unit 125.

The vehicle 100 further determines the driving propensity of the user 60 of the vehicle 100 based on the information input from the writing unit 125 and the driving propensity determination condition stored in the condition storage unit 121, and causes the writing unit 125 to determine the driving propensity. The driving propensity determination unit 119 for output is provided.

The driving propensity judgment condition is, for example, when the number of times the acceleration of the vehicle 100 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value is equal to or higher than a predetermined number of times, it is determined to be an acceleration-oriented type, and when it is less than a predetermined number of times. It is a condition that it is judged to be an energy saving type. Here, the predetermined number of times is, for example, a cumulative mileage that is the accumulation of the continuous mileage of the vehicle 100, or a value proportional to the cumulative mileage that is the accumulation of the continuous mileage, and is a cumulative number of the vehicle 100. It increases as the mileage or cumulative travel time increases. Alternatively, the driving propensity determination condition is that the ratio of the number of times the acceleration of the vehicle 100 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value to the cumulative mileage or cumulative traveling time of the vehicle 100 is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value. It may be a condition that it is judged as an acceleration-oriented type and when it is less than a predetermined threshold value, it is judged as an energy-saving-oriented type.

The driving propensity determination condition is also determined to be long-distance driving oriented or long-time driving oriented when, for example, the continuous traveling distance or continuous traveling time of the vehicle 100 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, and is less than the predetermined threshold value. In some cases, it may be a condition that it is determined to be short-distance driving oriented or short-distance driving oriented.

The vehicle 100 may communicate with either or both of the management device 400 and the server 500 via the communication network 40.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the battery 200. The battery 200 is a so-called mobile battery that can be carried by the user 60 in a state of being removed from the vehicle 100. When the battery 200 is attached to the vehicle 100, it supplies electric power to the vehicle 100.

The battery 200 includes, for example, a storage unit 210 that stores a plurality of information input from the vehicle 100, and a deterioration display unit 240 that displays the current deterioration state of the battery 200.

The storage unit 210 includes a usage history information storage unit 211 that stores usage history information of the battery 200 used in the vehicle 100, a battery information storage unit 217 that stores battery information related to the battery 200, and a battery used in the vehicle 100. It includes a related information storage unit 219 that stores 200 related information.

The usage history information indicates how the battery 200 was used in the vehicle 100 during the installation period of the battery 200. The usage history information includes driving history information indicating the driving history of the vehicle 100 and usage status history information indicating the usage status history of the battery 200.

The usage history information storage unit 211 includes a driving history storage unit 213 that stores the driving history information of the vehicle 100 and a usage status history storage unit 215 that stores the usage status history information of the battery 200.

The driving history information includes, for example, route history information indicating the history of the route traveled by the vehicle 100 during the installation period of the battery 200. Further, the driving history information includes, for example, historical information such as the continuous mileage per drive cycle of the vehicle 100, the continuous running time, the number of rapid acceleration / deceleration, the running time zone, the running day of the week, and the running area during the installation period of the battery 200. In addition, the cumulative mileage and cumulative mileage of all drive cycles during the installation period of the battery 200 are included. Further, the driving history information includes, for example, a driving propensity indicating how to ride the vehicle 100 during the installation period of the battery 200. The driving propensity includes, for example, the above-mentioned acceleration-oriented type, energy-saving-oriented type, long-distance driving orientation, long-distance driving orientation, short-distance driving orientation, short-time driving orientation, and the like.

The usage history information includes, for example, the SOC of the battery 200, the charge amount and the discharge amount, the number of times the temperature of the battery 200 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined appropriate upper limit temperature, and the temperature of the battery 200 in advance during the installation period of the battery 200. Includes historical information such as the number of times the temperature has fallen below the specified lower limit temperature. The usage status history information may include information on whether or not the SOC of the battery 200 is within an appropriate range during the installation period of the battery 200, and as described above, the information is determined and written by the vehicle 100.

The usage history information may include the temperature history of the battery 200 itself during the installation period of the battery 200. Further, the usage status history information is caused not only by information during the running of the vehicle 100 during the installation period of the battery 200, but also by information other than when the vehicle 100 is running during the period, such as natural discharge of the battery 200 and deterioration over time. Information may be included. Further, the usage status history information includes a degree of deterioration (SOH [States of Health]) indicating the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 during the installation period of the battery 200, a deterioration grade indicating the degree of deterioration in stages, a change in the deterioration grade, and the like. Information may be included, and the information is determined and written by the management device 400. Alternatively, the deterioration degree information may be calculated by the vehicle 100 while the vehicle 100 is traveling. Here, the degree of deterioration (SOH) of the battery 200 is represented by a capacity retention rate which is a percentage of the capacity of the battery 200 in the current state of the battery 200 with respect to the capacity of the battery 200 in the unused state of the battery 200. .. Degradation (SOH) can also be defined as a percentage of the current capacity of the battery 200 to its nominal capacity.

Further, the usage status history information may include information on whether or not the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 during the installation period of the battery 200 is within an appropriate range, and the information is determined and written by the management device 400.

The battery information stored in the battery information storage unit 217 includes a battery ID for identifying an individual battery 200. Further, the SOC information of the battery 200 stored in the usage status history storage unit 215 and the current deterioration degree information of the battery 200 are also used as the battery information.

The battery information further includes measurement data such as pre-measured no-load discharge characteristics (OCV) of the battery 200, temperature characteristics, and pre-measured SOC-OCV curve of the battery 200 under certain conditions. Battery information may also include the nominal capacity of the battery 200 as measured under certain conditions. Further, the battery information may further include information on the type of the battery 200, information on the current maximum allowable current of the battery 200, maximum allowable voltage, maximum allowable temperature, and the like. Information such as the current maximum allowable current, maximum allowable voltage, and maximum allowable temperature of the battery 200 is preferably measured by the vehicle 100 while the vehicle 100 is traveling.

The related information storage unit 219 is a user-related information storage unit 221 that stores user-related information related to the user 60 who uses the vehicle 100 equipped with the battery 200, and a vehicle-related vehicle related to the vehicle 100 equipped with the battery 200. Includes a vehicle-related information storage unit 223 that stores information. The user-related information and the vehicle-related information are written by the vehicle 100. The above-mentioned route history information may be stored in both the vehicle-related information storage unit 223 and the usage history information storage unit 211, or may be stored in either one of them.

The deterioration display unit 240 visually displays the current deterioration degree or deterioration grade of the battery 200 regardless of the current charge amount which is the remaining power of the battery 200. The deterioration display unit 240 may have, for example, one or a plurality of LEDs, and may display the current deterioration degree or deterioration grade of the battery 200 by changing the display color, the number of lightings, and the like of the LEDs. Further, the deterioration display unit 240 may display the current deterioration degree or deterioration grade of the battery 200, for example, by attaching labels having different colors according to the deterioration degree or deterioration grade.

Since the deterioration display unit 240 visually displays the degree of deterioration and the like from the outside regardless of the remaining power, the degree of deterioration can be easily determined even when the battery is not fully charged.

The battery 200 may communicate with either or both of the management device 400 and the server 500 via the communication network 40.

FIG. 4 is an example of a table of operation information history information stored in the operation history storage unit 213. In the table, "reference number", "continuous mileage [km]", "continuous mileage [h]", "rapid acceleration / deceleration count [times]", "cumulative mileage [km]", "cumulative mileage" [H] ”,“ time zone [hour] ”,“ day of the week ”, and“ traveling area ”are recorded in association with each other. The table is recorded for each user ID (or for each vehicle ID), and the "driving propensity" is recorded for each table.

For example, in the line of reference number 1, the continuous mileage is 3 km, the continuous mileage is 0.4 h, the number of sudden accelerations and decelerations is 2, the cumulative mileage is 3 km, the cumulative mileage is 0.4 h, and the time zone is 8. ~ 9 o'clock, the day of the week is Friday, and the driving area is recorded as A. Further, based on the driving history data for three drive cycles from reference numbers 1 to 3, it is determined that the driving propensity of the user 60 who borrows the battery 200 and uses it in the vehicle 100 is short-distance driving oriented and acceleration-oriented. The result is remembered.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a table of usage status history information stored in the usage status history storage unit 215. In the table, "reference number", "SOC", "charge amount [kWh]", "discharge amount [kWh]", "battery temperature ≥ appropriate upper limit temperature [times]" and "battery temperature ≤ appropriate lower limit temperature [times]". ] ”Is recorded in association with each other.

For example, in the line of reference number 1, the SOC is 98, the charge amount is 0.03 kWh, the discharge amount is 0.3 kWh, the number of times that the battery temperature ≥ the appropriate upper limit temperature is once, and the battery temperature ≤ the appropriate lower limit temperature. The number of times that became is recorded as 0 times. The reference numbers shown at the left ends of the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5 correspond to each other. That is, the data shown by the same reference number is the data in the same one drive cycle.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the station 300. The station 300 is instructed by a battery accommodating unit 301 accommodating a plurality of batteries 200, a read / write unit 303 that reads and writes to the plurality of batteries 200 accommodated in the battery accommodating unit 301, and a management device 400. It is provided with a charging / discharging unit 305 that controls charging / discharging according to the above.

When the battery 200 is accommodated, the battery accommodating unit 301 holds the battery 200 in a state of being electrically connected to the battery 200. Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 1, the battery housing section 301 of the station 300 may be a plurality of return slots with lids arranged in a matrix of 4 rows × 4 columns. In this case, each return slot may accommodate one battery, and the accommodated battery 200 may be disabled from the outside by closing and locking the lid. Hereinafter, the return slot of the battery accommodating unit 301 may be referred to as an accommodating place.

The battery accommodating portion 301 has a different accommodating place for the battery 200 according to the deterioration grade of the battery 200. The battery accommodating portion 301 may have a different accommodating place for the battery 200 depending on the degree of deterioration, model number, type, performance, and the like of the battery 200. The model number of the battery 200 referred to here includes, for example, the name of the manufacturer of the battery 200 and the types such as those for motorcycles and motorcycles. The type of battery 200 includes, for example, an all-solid-state battery, a lithium-ion battery, and the like. The performance of the battery 200 includes, for example, a high output short life type and a low output long life type.

In the station 300 of FIG. 1, the battery accommodating unit 301 has different rows of accommodating locations for the battery 200 depending on the deterioration grade. Specifically, for example, the first row from the top toward the paper has deterioration grade 1 or 2. The second line is dedicated to the battery 200, the second line is dedicated to the battery 200 with the deterioration grade 3, the third line is dedicated to the battery 200 with the deterioration grade 4, and the fourth line is dedicated to the battery 200 with the deterioration grade 5.

Based on the instruction from the management device 400, the battery accommodating unit 301 makes it possible to take out the accommodating specific battery 200 from the outside in order to rent it out. In addition to making the battery 200 removable from the outside, the battery accommodating unit 301 blinks, for example, an LED provided in the accommodating place so that the accommodating place of the battery 200 can be easily identified from the outside. You may.

When the battery accommodating unit 301 detects that the battery 200 has been returned to a specific accommodating location, it outputs information on the specific accommodating location to the management device 400.

When the read / write unit 303 detects that the battery 200 is accommodated in the battery accommodating unit 301, it reads out the information of the battery 200 and outputs it to the management device 400. Further, the reading / writing unit 303 writes the information input from the management device 400 to the battery 200 based on the instruction from the management device 400.

The station 300 further includes a display unit 307 that displays information input from the management device 400, and an input unit 309 that accepts input by the user 60. The display unit 307 and the input unit 309 may be an integrated touch panel. Further, the input unit 309 may be a push button arranged independently of the display unit 307.

The display unit 307 displays the reward information input from the management device 400. The display unit 307 may display the reward information on the communication terminal by displaying a barcode, for example, and having the communication terminal of the user 60 read it. In place of or in addition to the display unit 307, the station 300 may include a printing unit that prints and ejects a page on which the reward information is described based on an instruction from the management device 400.

The display unit 307 may display, for example, a list of deterioration grades and prices of a plurality of batteries 200 to the user 60 who has returned the battery 200. The display unit 307 visually displays to the user 60 the storage location of the battery 200 recommended or selected by the management device 400 by displaying an image of the battery storage unit 301 and blinking a specific storage location in the image. You may inform.

The input unit 309 outputs the information input from the user 60 who returned the battery 200 to the management device 400. The input unit 309 may make the specific battery 200 housed in the battery storage unit 301 rentable based on the input from the user 60 who returned the battery 200.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the management device 400. The management device 400 includes a reading unit 401 for reading information on the battery 200 from the battery 200 stocked in the station 300, and a storage unit 420 for storing a plurality of information. The reading unit 401 outputs an instruction to the station 300 to read the information of the battery 200 returned from the user 60.

The storage unit 420 includes a specific information storage unit 421 that stores specific information for identifying the battery 200 stocked in the station 300, a charge / discharge pattern storage unit 423 that stores a charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the battery information, and the like. It includes a condition storage unit 425 that stores a plurality of determination conditions.

The specific information storage unit 421 stores the above-mentioned specific information in association with unique information such as vehicle-related information and usage history information, which is information unique to the vehicle 100 and the battery 200. The specific information includes a group ID that identifies a group of batteries 200, a battery ID that identifies an individual battery 200, and the like. The group of batteries 200 is grouped based on at least one of the degree of deterioration, the deterioration grade, the model number, the type, and the performance of the battery 200. The group ID may be information itself such as the degree of deterioration, or may be another symbol or character. When the specific information storage unit 421 stores the group ID instead of the battery ID, the amount of information to be stored is reduced.

The unique information stored in the specific information storage unit 421 is (A) a vehicle ID for identifying an individual vehicle, (B) a continuous mileage and a continuous running time of one drive cycle while being mounted on the vehicle. Either (C) distance information indicating whether the continuous mileage is longer than a predetermined distance, (D) either the total mileage or the total mileage while mounted on the vehicle, and (E) The battery used in the vehicle, while being mounted on the vehicle, (a) the degree of deterioration indicating the degree of deterioration, (b) the change in the deterioration grade indicating the degree of deterioration in stages, (c) the amount of electricity used, It includes (d) tolerance information indicating whether the amount of electricity used is within a predetermined tolerance, (e) temperature history, and the like.

In the charge / discharge pattern stored in the charge / discharge pattern storage unit 423, for example, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery 200, the smaller the current value flowing into the battery 200 and the current value discharged from the battery 200. Further, in the charge / discharge pattern, for example, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery 200, the longer the charge time until the rated voltage of the battery 200 is reached and the discharge time until the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage. The current value when charging / discharging the battery 200 is preferably constant, for example, as in CCCV (Constant Current Voltage) charging, regardless of the degree of deterioration of the battery 200.

When the battery information includes information on the type of the battery 200, information on the current maximum allowable current, the maximum allowable voltage, the maximum allowable temperature, etc. of the battery 200, the charge / discharge pattern determines the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 and the degree of deterioration of the battery 200. , It corresponds to both of these information and may be further subdivided.

The condition storage unit 425 stores the deterioration grade condition for determining the deterioration grade indicating the deterioration degree of the battery 200 stepwise from the deterioration degree of the battery 200. Further, the condition storage unit 425 stores the price condition for determining the price of the battery 200 from the deterioration grade of the battery 200. Further, the condition storage unit 425 stores the display mode condition for determining the display mode for displaying the deterioration grade of the battery 200 on the battery 200 so as to be visible from the outside from the deterioration grade of the battery 200. Further, the condition storage unit 425 stores the storage location condition for determining the storage location for accommodating the battery 200 for each deterioration grade of the battery 200 from the deterioration grade of the battery 200. Further, the condition storage unit 425 stores excellent usage conditions for the degree of deterioration of the battery 200. The condition storage unit 425 further stores the deterioration degree condition within an appropriate range of the battery 200. The deterioration degree condition within an appropriate range includes not falling below a predetermined appropriate lower limit deterioration degree.

The deterioration grade condition is that the larger the deterioration degree value is, the smaller the deterioration grade value is. For example, the relationship between the degree of deterioration (SOH) and the deterioration grade is deterioration grade 1 when SOH = 91 to 100, deterioration grade 2 when SOH = 81 to 90, and deterioration grade 3 when SOH = 71 to 80. , Deterioration grade 4 when SOH = 61 to 70, deterioration grade 5 when SOH = 51 to 60, and unusable when SOH ≦ 50. The management device 400 may determine that the unusable battery 200 is the collection target.

The price condition includes a condition that, for example, a battery 200 having a higher deterioration grade has a lower rental fee on the premise that the battery 200 is rented out on a full charge. For example, deterioration grade 1 is 5000 yen, deterioration grade 2 is 4500 yen, deterioration grade 3 is 4000 yen, deterioration grade 4 is 3500 yen, deterioration grade 5 is 3000 yen, and so on. Set.

As for the display mode condition, for example, when the relationship between the deterioration grade and the display mode is deterioration grades 1 to 3, a blue label is attached to the deterioration display unit 240 of the battery 200, and when the deterioration grades are 4 to 5, the battery 200 is attached. Includes the condition that a red label is attached to the deterioration display unit 240 of the above.

The containment location condition includes the relationship between the degradation grade and the containment location in which the battery 200 should be accommodated. For example, in the case of the station 300 having the battery accommodating portion 301 of 4 rows × 4 columns in FIG. 1, the first row from the top facing the paper is dedicated to the battery 200 of deterioration grade 1 or 2 and 2 rows. The eyes are dedicated to the battery 200 with a deterioration grade 3, the third line is dedicated to the battery 200 with a deterioration grade 4, and the fourth line is dedicated to the battery 200 with a deterioration grade 5.

The excellent usage condition is, for example, a condition that the usage mode is determined to be excellent when the relationship between the degree of deterioration and the appropriate range is SOH ≧ 61, and it is determined that the usage mode is not excellent when SOH <61. In place of or in addition to this, good use conditions are used, for example, when the relationship between the amount of change in the degree of deterioration (amount of change in SOH) and the appropriate range during the installation period of the battery 200 is the amount of change in SOH <10. It is a condition that the aspect is judged to be excellent and it is judged not to be excellent when the amount of change in SOH ≥ 10.

The storage unit 420 further stores the cumulative usage history information, which is the cumulative information of the usage history information read by the reading unit 401 from the battery 200 returned to the station 300, in association with the battery ID of the battery 200. Includes part 427. The history storage unit 427 may store the vehicle ID of the vehicle 100 equipped with the battery 200 and the usage history information during the period used by the vehicle 100 in association with the battery ID. The cumulative usage history information referred to here is preferably usage history information of all drive cycles in the period from when the battery 200 is new to the present, but some drive cycles in the period. Usage history information may be insufficient.

The storage unit 420 further stores an ID list storage unit 429 that stores a list of a plurality of IDs, and a related information storage unit 431 that stores related information of the vehicle 100 and the user 60 that may rent out the battery 200 stocked in the station 300. And include.

The ID list storage unit 429 stores the vehicle ID list of the vehicle ID and the user ID list of the user ID, which may rent out the stock battery 200. The ID list storage unit 429 may further store a battery ID list of battery IDs for which the stocked battery 200 may be rented out.

In the vehicle ID list stored in the ID list storage unit 429, the vehicle IDs of the vehicles 100 included in the area where the position of the base to be used is predetermined are listed, and the position of the base to be used is listed. The vehicle ID of the vehicle 100 outside the predetermined area is not listed.

Further, in the user ID list stored in the ID list storage unit 429, the user IDs of the users 60 included in the area where the user address is predetermined are listed, and the user address is in the predetermined area. The user ID of the outside user 60 is not listed. The predetermined area referred to here may include an administrative district such as Shinjuku Ward or Shibuya Ward, or may include an area A or an area B shown in FIG.

The related information stored in the related information storage unit 431 includes, for example, the related information associated with the station 300 among the plurality of related information stored in the server 500.

The related information associated with the station 300 includes, for example, the related information of the user 60 determined that the address of the station 300 and the address of the user 60 are close to each other according to a predetermined determination criterion.

Further, the related information associated with the station 300 includes, for example, related information of the vehicle 100 determined to be close to the address of the station 300 and the location of the base where the vehicle 100 is used according to a predetermined determination standard.

The storage unit 420 further rewards the user 60 with an address distance storage unit 433 that stores a predetermined address and distance, an area information storage unit 435 that stores area information indicating a predetermined area, and a user 60. Includes a reward information storage unit 437 that stores reward information for

The predetermined address stored in the address distance storage unit 433 includes, for example, the location of the station 300, and the predetermined distance is, for example, 2 km, 5 km, 10 km, or the like. The predetermined area stored in the area information storage unit 435 is an area within a circle having a radius of 2 km, 5 km, 10 km or the like centered on the station 300, for example.

The reward information stored in the reward information storage unit 437 is obtained when the user 60 returns the battery 200 to the station 300 and the management device 400 determines that the usage of the battery 200 by the user 60 is excellent, or. When the user 60 determines that the location where the battery 200 returned to the station 300 is housed is appropriate, the output is output to the station 300. The content of the reward shown in the reward information may be arbitrary content such as discounting the battery rental fee, giving points that can be used for payment of the battery rental fee, and giving a product voucher at a partner store. The reward information is an example of excellent return reward information and excellent use reward information.

The management device 400 further receives information related to the communication unit 403 that communicates with the server 500, the vehicle 100 that may rent out the battery 200 stocked in the station 300, and the user 60 from the server 500 during communication with the server 500. It is provided with a management unit 419 that manages the server. The management device 400 further includes a charge / discharge instruction unit 409 that instructs the station 300 to charge / discharge the specific battery 200 stocked in the station 300, and information input from each configuration of the management device 400. It is provided with a writing unit 417 instructing the station 300 to write.

When the communication unit 403 receives from the server 500 the related information of the vehicle 100 and the user 60 that may rent out the battery 200 stocked in the station 300, the communication unit 403 outputs the information to the management unit 419.

When the above-mentioned related information is input from the communication unit 403, the management unit 419 stores and manages the related information in the related information storage unit 219. The management unit 419 requests the server 500 to transmit related information via the communication unit 403 at a predetermined timing, for example, at a specific time every day. The management unit 419 also requests the server 500 to transmit related information via the communication unit 403 when the communication with the server 500 is interrupted and then recovered.

When the charge / discharge instruction unit 409 inputs the battery information read by the read unit 401 from the battery 200 returned to the station 300 by the user 60 from the read unit 401, the charge / discharge indicator unit 409 refers to the charge / discharge pattern storage unit 423 and refers to the battery information. The charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the above is determined, and an instruction to the charge / discharge unit 305 of the station 300 is output. The charge / discharge instruction unit 409 may instruct the discharge process of the battery 200, for example, when the charged battery 200 stocked in the station 300 is in a surplus state and there is a margin for power transfer to an external electric power company. ..

The writing unit 417 transfers the related information including the vehicle-related information and the user-related information read by the reading unit 401 from the battery 200 returned to the station 300 by the user 60 among the batteries 200 stocked in the station 300. Outputs an instruction to write to the battery 200 rented to.

Further, the writing unit 417 gives an instruction to read the usage history information read from the battery 200 returned to the station 300 by the user 60 by the reading unit 401 and write the usage history information stored in the history storage unit 427 to the battery 200 lent to the user 60. It may be output. In this case, the writing unit 417 may output an instruction to write the cumulative usage history information stored in the history storage unit 427 to the battery 200 lent to the user 60.

The management device 400 further includes a presentation unit 405 that outputs an instruction for presenting the specific battery 200 stocked in the station 300 to the user 60 to the station 300. The presenting unit 405 extracts specific information for identifying the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 from the specific information storage unit 421 based on the unique information of the battery 200 used in the vehicle 100 read by the reading unit 401. Extract and present. The unique information read by the reading unit 401 does not necessarily have to include the latest information in the vehicle 100 or the battery 200. In addition, the presentation unit 405 has, for example, artificial intelligence (AI), and based on the result of learning the relationship between the unique information and the specific information, the specific information is newly read from the unique information read by the reading unit 401. It may be extracted.

Extracting and presenting the specific information described above includes recommending one or more batteries 200 stocked in the station 300 based on the extracted specific information. In other words, it includes identifying one or more batteries 200 stocked in the station 300 and recommending them as replacement candidates for the batteries 200 used in the vehicle 100. The presentation unit 405 may output, for example, an instruction to display information of one or a plurality of recommended batteries 200 to the display unit 307 of the station 300.

The battery 200 recommended by the presentation unit 405 may include a charged battery 200 and a battery 200 that is insufficiently charged or not charged at all. When recommending a battery 200 that is undercharged or not charged at all, for example, a user 60 uses a fully charged battery 200 to cooperate in power transfer from a station 300 to an external power company. This includes the case of returning to the station 300 and borrowing the battery 200 which is insufficiently charged or not charged at all. In this case, the user 60, for example, attaches another battery 200 to the vehicle 100 as a power source for the vehicle 100, and attaches the battery 200, which is insufficiently charged or not charged at all, to the vehicle 100 after returning home. It may be used as a battery 200 for storage of private power generation.

The management device 400 further displays a deterioration grade in the battery 200 based on the deterioration degree calculation unit 411 that calculates the deterioration degree of the battery 200 returned to the station 300 and the deterioration grade input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411. A display determination unit 413 for determining the price of the battery 200 and a price determination unit 415 for determining the price of the battery 200 are provided.

When the battery ID read by the reading unit 401 is input, the deterioration degree calculation unit 411 extracts the cumulative usage history information stored in the history storage unit 427 by the battery ID, and uses the extracted cumulative usage history information as the extracted cumulative usage history information. Based on this, the degree of deterioration indicating the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 is calculated and output. In addition, to calculate the deterioration degree of the battery 200 based on the cumulative usage history information, the deterioration degree can be calculated based on the accumulated operation history information, or the deterioration degree is calculated based on the cumulative usage status history information of the battery 200. It also includes calculating the degree.

The deterioration degree calculation unit 411 determines the deterioration grade of the battery 200 from the calculated deterioration degree of the battery 200 by referring to the deterioration grade condition stored in the condition storage unit 425, and determines the deterioration grade of the battery 200, and displays the display judgment unit 413 and the price judgment unit 415. And output to the writing unit 417. The deterioration degree calculation unit 411 further determines the change in the deterioration grade of the battery 200 and outputs the change to the writing unit 417. The deterioration degree calculation unit 411 further determines whether or not the deterioration degree of the battery 200 during the mounting period of the battery 200 is within an appropriate range by referring to the condition storage unit 425, and outputs the data to the writing unit 417.

When the deterioration grade of the battery 200 is input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411, the display determination unit 413 displays the battery 200 based on the deterioration grade by referring to the display mode condition stored in the condition storage unit 425. The mode is determined and output to the writing unit 417.

When the deterioration grade of the battery 200 is input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411, the price determination unit 415 determines the price of the battery 200 based on the deterioration grade by referring to the price condition stored in the condition storage unit 425. Judgment is made and output to the writing unit 417.

The management device 400 further determines an appropriate return location of the battery 200 based on the deterioration grade input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411, and outputs a storage location information indicating the appropriate return location to the location output unit 412. Be prepared. The appropriate return place referred to here means a storage place in which the battery 200 returned to the station 300 should be housed among a plurality of storage places in the battery storage unit 301 of the station 300. The management device 400 further indicates whether the battery 200 has been returned to an appropriate return location based on the accommodation location information input from the location output unit 412 and the accommodation location information of the battery 200 returned to the station 300. It includes an excellent return incentive unit 414 for determining whether or not, and an excellent use incentive unit 416 for determining whether or not the deterioration degree input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411 satisfies the excellent use condition.

When the deterioration grade of the battery 200 is input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 411, the location output unit 412 accommodates the battery 200 based on the deterioration grade by referring to the accommodation location condition stored in the condition storage unit 425. Determine the location and output it to the excellent return reward section 414.

When the storage location information is input from the location output unit 412 and the information on the location where the returned battery 200 is stored is input from the station 300, the excellent return reward unit 414 changes the location where the battery 200 is stored. Determine if the return location is appropriate as indicated in the containment location information. When the excellent return reward unit 414 determines that the battery 200 has been returned to an appropriate return location, the excellent return reward unit 414 refers to the reward information storage unit 437 and outputs the reward information to the station 300. If it is determined that the product has not been returned to the appropriate return location, the reward information will not be output.

When the degree of deterioration is input from the degree of deterioration calculation unit 411, the excellent use reward unit 416 determines whether or not the degree of deterioration satisfies the excellent use condition by referring to the excellent use conditions stored in the condition storage unit 425. to decide. When the excellent use reward unit 416 determines that the degree of deterioration satisfies the excellent use condition, the excellent use reward unit 416 refers to the reward information storage unit 437 and outputs the reward information to the station 300. If it is determined that the excellent usage conditions are not met, the reward information will not be output.

The management device 400 further includes a lending processing unit 407 that performs lending processing on a specific battery 200 stocked in the station 300. The lending processing unit 407 is managed by the management unit 419, and includes related information stored in the related information storage unit 219 and related information of the battery 200 used in the vehicle 100 read by the reading unit 401. Based on the above, it is determined whether or not the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 may be rented out. When it is determined that the battery 200 may be rented, the lending processing unit 407 outputs an instruction to rent the battery 200 to the station 300.

When the lending processing unit 407 determines that the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 may be rented, the lending processing unit 407 outputs to that effect to the writing unit 417, and the writing unit 417 replaces the lending processing unit 407. , The instruction to rent out the battery 200 may be output to the station 300. When the management device 400 does not communicate with the server 500 and does not include the communication unit 403 and the management unit 419, the lending processing unit 407 is related to the battery 200 used in the vehicle 100 read by the reading unit 401. Based on the information, it may be determined whether or not the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 may be rented out. In this case, the lending processing unit 407 may determine whether or not the battery 200 can be rented based on each information stored in the storage unit 420.

When the vehicle ID read by the reading unit 401 matches the vehicle ID included in the vehicle ID list stored in the ID list storage unit 429, the rental processing unit 407 is a battery stocked in the station 300. You may decide that you may lend out 200. Similarly, the lending processing unit 407 lends out the battery 200 when the user ID read by the reading unit 401 matches the user ID included in the user ID list stored in the ID list storage unit 429. You may decide that it is okay. Similarly, the lending processing unit 407 rents out the battery 200 when the battery ID read by the reading unit 401 matches the battery ID included in the battery ID list stored in the ID list storage unit 429. You may decide that it is okay.

Further, in the lending processing unit 407, the distance from the position of the base indicated in the home position information read by the reading unit 401 to the predetermined address stored in the address distance storage unit 433 is stored in the address distance. It may be determined that the stocked battery 200 may be rented out when the distance is within a predetermined distance stored in the unit 433.

Further, in the lending processing unit 407, the distance from the user address indicated in the user address information read by the reading unit 401 to the predetermined address stored in the address distance storage unit 433 is the address distance storage unit. It may be determined that the stocked battery 200 may be rented if it is within a predetermined distance stored in the 433.

Further, in the lending processing unit 407, any of the base position and route history indicated in any of the base position information and the route history information read by the reading unit 401 is stored in the area information storage unit 435. You may decide that the stocked battery 200 may be rented out if it is within a predetermined area.

Further, the lending processing unit 407 is stocked when the user address indicated in the user address information read by the reading unit 401 is within a predetermined area stored in the area information storage unit 435. You may decide that you may rent out the existing battery 200.

The extraction and presentation of the specific information by the presentation unit 405 gives an instruction to make the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 available to the user 60 based on the extracted specific information. It may include outputting to the station 300. In other words, out of the plurality of batteries 200 housed in the battery accommodating unit 301 of the station 300 in a state where they cannot be taken out from the outside, one or a plurality of batteries 200 specified based on the extracted specific information are taken out from the outside. The instruction to make it possible may be included in outputting to the battery accommodating unit 301. In this case, the presentation unit 405 and the lending processing unit 407 may have one configuration as a whole.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the server 500. The server 500 includes a communication unit 501 that communicates with the management device 400 via the communication network 40, a storage unit 510 that includes a related information storage unit 517 that stores related information, and a vehicle 100 and a user 60 that may rent out the battery 200. It is provided with a management unit 509 that manages related information of the above.

The management unit 509 transmits the related information of the vehicle 100 and the user 60 for which the battery 200 may be rented to the management device 400 at the time of communication with the management device 400. More specifically, the management unit 509 centrally manages the related information collected from the plurality of management devices 400, and receives a request from each management device 400 to centrally manage a part or all of the related information. Provided to each management device 400. More specifically, when the related information is newly input from the communication unit 501, the management unit 509 stores and manages the related information in the related information storage unit 517, and is related from the management device 400 via the communication unit 501. In response to the request to transmit the information, the related information storage unit 517 is referred to and the related information is transmitted to the management device 400. The management unit 509 may transmit related information to the management device 400 periodically or irregularly at the time of communication with the management device 400, regardless of the request from the management device 400.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the operation of the first embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 9, the management device 400 calculates the degree of deterioration of the battery 200.

While the battery 200 is mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60, the usage history information is written from the vehicle 100 to the battery 200 (S101). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 400 reads the usage history information and the battery ID written in the battery 200 via the station 300, and from the station 300, the location where the battery 200 is housed. Acquire information (S103).

The management device 400 stores the read usage history information and the battery ID (step S105). The management device 400 extracts the cumulative usage history information associated with the read battery ID, calculates the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 based on the extracted cumulative usage history information, and determines the deterioration grade (S107).

The management device 400 determines whether or not the calculated degree of deterioration satisfies the excellent usage condition (S109). When the condition is satisfied (S109: YES), the reward information is output to the station 300 (S111), and the station 300 displays the reward information (S113). If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S109: NO), the management device 400 does not output the reward information to the station 300.

The management device 400 determines an appropriate storage location for the battery 200, a display mode of the deterioration grade, and a battery price based on the determined deterioration grade (S115). The management device 400 determines whether the actual storage location of the returned battery 200 is an appropriate storage location of the battery 200 determined from the deterioration grade (S117). If the battery 200 has been returned to an appropriate containment location (S117: YES), the reward information is output to the station 300 (S119), and the station 300 displays the reward information (S121). If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S117: NO), the management device 400 does not output the reward information to the station 300.

The management device 400 outputs information indicating the display mode of the deterioration grade in the battery 200 and the battery price, which is determined from the deterioration grade, to the station 300 together with the battery ID, causes the information to be written in the battery 200 (S123), and causes the flow. Is finished. The station 300 may display the battery price shown in the information according to the instruction from the management device 400.

According to the above operation, since the management device 400 accumulates and stores the usage history information, the usage history information up to that point of the battery 200 can be utilized even when the battery 200 is in use. For example, the information can be used for predicting the excess or deficiency of the battery 200, or for planning the introduction of the new battery 200 or the recovery of the old battery 200. Further, if the management device 400 accumulates the usage history information in association with the user ID, the usage history information can be accumulated for each user even for the user 60 who uses the plurality of batteries 200.

Further, when the degree of deterioration of the returned battery 200 satisfies the excellent usage conditions, the user 60 is rewarded, so that the user 60 can be encouraged to use the battery 200 in an excellent manner. Further, when the battery 200 is returned to the designated return location at the station 300, the user 60 is rewarded, so that the user 60 can be urged to return the battery 200 to the designated return location, and the battery 200 is well managed. can do.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of another operation of the first embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 10, the management device 400 performs a rental process of the battery 200 and an information transfer process.

The management device 400 periodically acquires the related information managed by the server 500 in a state where it can communicate with the server 500, and updates the related information managed by the management device 400 (S200). On the other hand, the vehicle 100 writes related information to the battery 200 while being mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60 (S201). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 400 reads out the related information written in the battery 200 via the station 300 (S203).

The management device 400 determines whether or not the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 can be rented based on the read related information (S205), and if it can be rented (S205: YES), rents out the related information. It is output to the station 300 together with the instruction (S207).

The station 300 writes related information to the stocked battery 200 (S209), rents out the battery 200 (S211), and the flow ends.

On the other hand, according to the related information read by the management device 400, when the user 60 who has returned the battery 200 to the station 300 or the vehicle 100 of the user 60 is not a target for renting out the battery 200 (S205: NO), the management device 400 outputs an instruction to the station 300 indicating that it is impossible to rent out the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 (S213).

The station 300 indicates on the display unit 307 that the stock battery 200 cannot be rented in accordance with the instruction from the management device 400, and the flow ends.

According to the above operation, since the management device 400 determines whether or not to rent out the next battery 200 based on the related information read from the battery 200, it is possible to save the trouble of presenting the membership card and the like, and the user can save the trouble. The usability of 60 is improved. Further, since the management device 400 updates the related information in a state where it can communicate with the server 500, even if the server 500 cannot communicate with the server 500 or the server 500 is in a malfunction state, that is, the server is down. , It is possible to more appropriately determine whether or not the battery 200 can be rented.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart of still another operation of the first embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 11, the management device 400 determines the charging pattern of the battery 200.

When the flow shown in FIG. 11 starts, the battery information is written from the vehicle 100 to the battery 200 mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60 (S301). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 400 reads the battery information written in the battery 200 together with the battery ID via the station 300 (S303).

The management device 400 determines a charging pattern corresponding to the read battery information from the plurality of stored charging patterns (S305), and gives an instruction to charge the returned battery 200 according to the determined charging pattern. It is output to the station 300 together with the ID. The station 300 charges the battery 200 corresponding to the input battery ID according to the charging instruction from the management device 400 (S309), and the flow ends.

According to the above operation, the charging pattern is stored in the management device 400, and the charging pattern is determined based on the related information read from the battery 200 by the management device 400. Therefore, the communication state with the vehicle 100 and the vehicle 100 Regardless of the position, the battery 200 can be charged appropriately.

The steps of each operation of FIGS. 9 to 11 may be executed in parallel with the steps of other operations, or any of them may be executed before or after. Further, each operation of FIGS. 9 to 11 is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 400 is in an operable state.

In the above embodiment, the SOC calculation unit 105 updates the SOC-OCV curve read from the battery 200, and is based on the updated SOC-OCV curve and the current voltage of the battery 200 input from the charge / discharge amount measurement unit 103. The current SOC of the battery 200 is calculated. Instead, the SOC calculation unit 105 reads the nominal capacity of the battery 200 measured under specific conditions from the battery 200, and the battery under the same specific conditions. The current discharge capacity of 200 may be measured and the SOC may be calculated as the ratio of the current discharge capacity to the nominal capacity. Alternatively, the SOC calculation unit 105 reads the SOC-OCV curve of the battery 200 measured in advance under a specific condition from the battery 200, measures the current voltage of the battery 200 under the same specific condition, and performs SOC. SOC may be roughly measured by comparing it with the −OCV curve.

FIG. 12 is a flow chart according to the second embodiment. The operation of FIG. 12 is another example of the operation of FIG. Since the management system 20 in the second embodiment has the same configuration as the management system 20 in the first embodiment, duplicate description will be omitted.

Unique information is written from the vehicle 100 to the battery 200 while being mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60 (S401). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 400 reads out the unique information written in the battery 200 via the station 300 (S403).

The management device 400 extracts specific information for identifying the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 based on the read unique information (S405), and recommends a battery 200 suitable for the user 60. The information is output to the station 300 (S407).

The station 300 displays the recommendation information input from the management device 400 on the display unit 307 (S109), accepts the battery selection input from the user 60 via the input unit 309 (S411), and performs the battery lending process according to the input. (S413), the flow ends. The flow is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 400 is in an operable state.

13 is a block diagram of the management device 600 according to the third embodiment, FIG. 14 is a block diagram of the server 700 according to the third embodiment, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are flow diagrams according to the third embodiment. is there.

The configurations and functions of the management device 600 and the server 700 according to the third embodiment are partially different from the configurations and functions of the management device 400 and the server 500 according to the first embodiment. Specifically, the server 700 according to the third embodiment has a part of the configuration and functions of the management device 400 according to the first embodiment, and instead, the management device 600 according to the third embodiment has a part of the configuration. And has no function. Since the management system 20 in the third embodiment has the same configuration as the management system 20 in the first embodiment, duplicate description will be omitted. Further, in FIGS. 13 to 16, the same configurations as those in FIGS. 1 to 11 are designated by the same or similar reference numbers, duplicate explanations are omitted, and only the differences will be described.

The management device 600 shown in FIG. 13 includes a reading unit 601, a communication unit 603, a lending processing unit 607, a charge / discharge instruction unit 609, a writing unit 617, a management unit 619, and a storage unit 620. The storage unit 620 includes a charge / discharge pattern storage unit 623, an ID list storage unit 629, a related information storage unit 631, an address distance storage unit 633, and an area information storage unit 635.

The reading unit 601 reads the battery ID, usage history information, unique information, etc. from the battery 200 returned to the station 300, and transmits the battery ID, usage history information, unique information, and the like to the server 700 via the communication unit 603. Further, when the information of the place where the battery 200 returned to the station 300 is housed is input from the station 300, the reading unit 601 transmits the information to the server 700 via the communication unit 603.

When the communication unit 603 receives the reward information and the battery ID from the server 700, the communication unit 603 outputs the information to the station 300 and displays the reward information to the user 60 who has returned the battery 200 corresponding to the battery ID. The instruction is output to the station 300. Further, when the communication unit 603 receives information such as the degree of deterioration, the deterioration grade, the display mode, and the battery price regarding the battery 200 returned to the station 300 from the server 700, the communication unit 603 outputs the information to the writing unit 617.

When the writing unit 617 acquires the above information from the server 700 via the communication unit 603, the writing unit 617 writes the above information in the battery 200 returned to the station 300.

In addition to the communication unit 701, the management unit 709, and the storage unit 710, the server 700 shown in FIG. 14 includes a presentation unit 705, a deterioration degree calculation unit 711, a display determination unit 713, a price determination unit 715, a location output unit 712, and excellent quality. It is provided with a return reward section 714 and a good use reward section 716. In addition to the related information storage unit 717, the storage unit 710 includes a specific information storage unit 721, a condition storage unit 725, a history storage unit 727, and a reward information storage unit 737. The communication unit 701 is an example of a receiving unit.

When the communication unit 701 receives the usage history information and the battery ID from the management device 600, the communication unit 701 outputs the battery ID to the deterioration degree calculation unit 711 and stores the usage history information in the history storage unit 727 in association with the battery ID. When the communication unit 701 receives the unique information and the battery ID from the management device 600, the communication unit 701 outputs the unique information and the battery ID to the presentation unit 705. When the communication unit 701 receives the information on the location where the battery 200 returned to the station 300 is housed from the management device 600, the communication unit 701 outputs the information to the excellent return reward unit 714.

When the unique information and the battery ID are input from the communication unit 701, the presentation unit 705 extracts the specific information based on the unique information by referring to the specific information storage unit 721. The presentation unit 705 transmits the extracted specific information together with the battery ID to the management device 400 via the communication unit 701.

When the battery ID is input from the communication unit 701, the deterioration degree calculation unit 711 extracts the cumulative usage history information stored in the history storage unit 727 using the battery ID, and based on the extracted cumulative usage history information. Calculate the degree of deterioration.

The deterioration degree calculation unit 711, the display determination unit 713, the price determination unit 715, the excellent return reward unit 714, and the excellent use reward unit 716 each transmit the output information to the management device 400 via the communication unit 701.

FIG. 15 is a flow chart of the operation of the third embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 15, the server 700 calculates the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 and the like.

While the battery 200 is mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60, the vehicle 100 writes the usage history information to the battery 200 (S101). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 600 reads the usage history information and the battery ID written in the battery 200 via the station 300, and from the station 300, the location where the battery 200 is housed. The information is acquired and the information is transmitted to the server 700 (S103).

The server 700 stores the read usage history information and the battery ID (S105). The server 700 extracts the cumulative usage history information associated with the read battery ID, calculates the degree of deterioration of the battery 200 based on the extracted cumulative usage history information, and determines the deterioration grade (S107).

The server 700 determines whether or not the calculated degree of deterioration satisfies the excellent usage condition (S109). When the excellent usage condition is satisfied (S109: YES), the reward information and the battery ID are transmitted to the management device 600, the management device 600 outputs the reward information to the station 300 (S111), and the station 300 displays the reward information. (S113). If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S109: NO), the server 700 does not transmit the reward information to the management device 600.

The server 700 determines an appropriate storage location for the battery 200, a display mode of the deterioration grade, and a battery price based on the determined deterioration grade (S115). The server 700 determines whether the actual storage location of the returned battery 200 is an appropriate storage location of the battery 200 determined from the deterioration grade (S117), and the battery 200 is returned to the appropriate storage location. If so (S117: YES), the battery ID is transmitted to the management device 600, the management device 600 outputs the reward information to the station 300 (S119), and the station 300 displays the reward information (S121). If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S117: NO), the server 700 does not transmit the reward information to the management device 600.

The server 700 transmits information indicating the display mode of the deterioration grade in the battery 200 and the battery price, which is determined from the deterioration grade, to the management device 600 together with the battery ID, and the management device 600 outputs this information to the station 300. The information is written to the battery 200 (S123), and the flow ends. The station 300 may display the battery price shown in the information according to the instruction from the server 700.

FIG. 16 is a flow chart of another operation of the third embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 16, the server 700 performs a battery 200 lending process and an information transfer process.

While the battery 200 is mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60, the vehicle 100 writes unique information to the battery 200 (S201). When the battery 200 is returned to the station 300, the management device 600 reads out the unique information written in the battery 200 via the station 300 and transmits it to the server 700 (S203).

The server 700 extracts specific information for identifying the battery 200 stocked in the station 300 based on the unique information (S205), and manages the recommendation information for recommending the battery 200 suitable for the user 60. It is transmitted to the device 600, and the management device 600 outputs the recommendation information to the station 300 (S207).

The station 300 displays the recommendation information input from the server 700 on the display unit 307 (S109), accepts the battery selection input from the user 60 via the input unit 309 (S211), and performs the battery lending process according to the input (S211). S213), the flow ends.

According to the above operation, since the server 700 performs the information takeover processing of the battery 200, the information of the plurality of batteries 200 returned to the different stations 300 is also collected by the same user 60 or the same vehicle 100, and is as follows. Information can be handed over to the battery 200.

The steps of each operation of FIGS. 15 and 16 may be executed in parallel with the steps of other operations, or any of them may be executed before or after. Further, each of the operations of FIGS. 15 and 16 is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 600 is in an operable state.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the battery 800 according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 18 is a block diagram of the management device 900 according to the fourth embodiment.

The configurations and functions of the battery 800 and the management device 900 according to the fourth embodiment are partially different from the configurations and functions of the battery 200 and the management device 400 according to the first embodiment. In FIGS. 17 to 19, the same configurations as those in FIGS. 1 to 11 are designated by the same or corresponding reference numbers, and duplicate description will be omitted.

The battery 800 shown in FIG. 17 includes a storage unit 810, a deterioration display unit 840, a measurement unit 850, a deterioration degree calculation unit 861 and a price determination unit 865. The storage unit 810 includes a cumulative usage history information storage unit 812, a battery information storage unit 817, a related information storage unit 819, and a condition storage unit 825.

The measurement unit 850 measures the charge / discharge amount of the battery 800 and stores it in the cumulative usage history information storage unit 812. More specifically, the measuring unit 850 measures the current entering and exiting the battery 800 and the voltage of the battery 800, and integrates the current and the voltage to calculate the electric energy.

The cumulative usage history information storage unit 812 stores cumulative usage history information, which is information obtained by accumulating usage history information. The usage history information includes history information of the charge / discharge amount of the battery 800 measured by the measurement unit 850. The usage history information may be stored in association with the vehicle ID of the vehicle 100 equipped with the battery 800. The cumulative usage history information preferably includes usage history information of all drive cycles in the period from when the battery 800 is new to the present, but usage history information of some drive cycles. May be missing. The cumulative usage history information storage unit 812 includes an operation history storage unit 813 and a usage status history storage unit 815.

The condition storage unit 825 stores a deterioration grade condition for determining the deterioration grade from the deterioration degree of the battery 800 and a price condition for determining the price of the battery 800 from the deterioration grade of the battery 800. The related information storage unit 819 includes a user-related information storage unit 821 and a vehicle-related information storage unit 823.

The deterioration degree calculation unit 861 calculates the deterioration degree based on the cumulative usage history information stored in the cumulative usage history information storage unit 812 periodically or irregularly, and calculates it with reference to the condition storage unit 825. The deterioration grade is determined from the degree of deterioration. The deterioration degree calculation unit 861 outputs the deterioration grade information to the price determination unit 865 and also outputs the deterioration display unit 840 so that the deterioration grade can be visually displayed from the outside. Further, the deterioration degree calculation unit 861 stores the deterioration degree and deterioration grade information in the battery information storage unit 817.

When the deterioration degree information is input from the deterioration degree calculation unit 861, the price determination unit 865 determines the battery price from the deterioration grade with reference to the condition storage unit 825, outputs the battery price to the deterioration display unit 840, and outputs the battery. Display the price visually from the outside. The condition storage unit 825 stores the price condition for determining the battery price from the deterioration degree, and when the price determination unit 865 receives the deterioration degree information from the deterioration degree calculation unit 861, the condition storage unit 825 is used. The battery price may be determined from the degree of deterioration with reference to it. The deterioration degree calculation unit 861 and the price determination unit 865 are examples of the calculation unit.

The management device 900 shown in FIG. 18 includes a reading unit 901, a communication unit 903, a presentation unit 905, a lending processing unit 907, a charge / discharge instruction unit 909, a location output unit 912, an excellent return reward unit 914, and an excellent usage reward unit 916. It includes a writing unit 917, a management unit 919, and a storage unit 920. The storage unit 920 includes a specific information storage unit 921, a charge / discharge pattern storage unit 923, a condition storage unit 925, a history storage unit 927, an ID list storage unit 929, a related information storage unit 931, an address distance storage unit 933, and an area information storage unit. 935 and reward information storage unit 937 are included.

The reading unit 901 reads the battery ID, usage history information, deterioration degree information, deterioration grade information, etc. from the battery 800 returned to the station 300, stores them in the history storage unit 927, and outputs them to the writing unit 917. Further, the reading unit 901 outputs the read deterioration grade information to the location output unit 912, and outputs the deterioration degree information to the excellent use reward unit 916.

FIG. 19 is a flow chart of the operation of the fourth embodiment. In the operation of FIG. 19, the battery 800 calculates its own deterioration degree.

When the usage history information is written from the vehicle 100 while the battery 800 is mounted on the vehicle 100 of the user 60 (S101), the usage history information is stored (S103). The battery 800 calculates the degree of deterioration based on the stored cumulative usage history information, and determines the degree of deterioration from the degree of deterioration (S105).

The battery 800 determines the battery price based on the determined deterioration grade (S107), and visually displays the determined deterioration grade and the battery price from the outside (S109).

When the battery 800 is returned to the station 300, the management device 900 reads out the usage history information, the deterioration degree information, the deterioration grade information, etc. written in the battery 800 together with the battery ID via the station 300, and the station 300. Information on the location where the battery 800 is housed is acquired from (S111).

The management device 900 stores the read usage history information and the battery ID (S113). The management device 900 determines whether or not the degree of deterioration indicated in the read degree of deterioration information satisfies the excellent usage condition (S115).

When the condition is satisfied (S115: YES), the reward information is output to the station 300 (S117), and the station 300 displays the reward information (S119). If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S115: NO), the management device 900 does not output the reward information to the station 300.

The management device 900 determines an appropriate storage location for the battery 800 based on the deterioration grade read from the battery 800 (S121). The management device 900 determines whether the actual storage location of the returned battery 800 is an appropriate storage location of the battery 800 determined from the deterioration grade (S123).

If the battery 800 has been returned to the appropriate containment location (S123: YES), the reward information is output to the station 300 (S125), the station 300 displays the reward information (S127), and the flow ends. To do. If the calculated degree of deterioration does not satisfy the excellent usage conditions (S123: NO), the management device 900 does not output the reward information to the station 300, and the flow ends. The flow is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 900 is in an operable state. The station 300 may display the deterioration grade and the battery price read from the battery 800.

According to the above operation, the degree of deterioration, the degree of deterioration, and the price are determined by the battery 200 itself, so that the user 60 can sequentially grasp the degree of deterioration and the like while the battery 200 is in use. Further, since the deterioration degree of the battery 200 is updated to the latest state when it is returned to the station 300, it is not necessary for the station 300 to determine the deterioration degree or the like again, and the processing at the time of return should be accelerated. Can be done.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the management system 19 according to the fifth embodiment. 21 to 23 are block diagrams of each configuration according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 24 is a flow diagram according to the fifth embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 20, unlike the management system 20 according to the first embodiment, the management system 19 according to the fifth embodiment does not include the server 500, and each configuration does not communicate via the communication network 40. The configurations and functions of the vehicle 150, the battery 250, and the management device 450 according to the fifth embodiment are partially different from the configurations and functions of the vehicle 100, the battery 200, and the management device 400 according to the first embodiment. In FIGS. 20 to 24, the same configurations as those in FIGS. 1 to 11 are designated by the same or corresponding reference numbers, and duplicate description will be omitted.

When the authentication is successful with the authentication key read from the battery 250 returned to the station 300, the management system 19 generates and writes a new authentication key to the battery 250 to be rented to the vehicle 150 next. By updating the authentication key, it is possible to prevent the user 60 from being dissatisfied with the use of counterfeit products whose quality is not guaranteed.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram of the vehicle 150. The storage unit 120 of the vehicle 150 includes the authentication key storage unit 124. The vehicle 150 further transmits an erasing signal for erasing the old authentication key via the communication unit 102 that communicates with the battery 250 housed in the battery storage unit 101, the collation unit 127 that collates the authentication key, and the communication unit 102. It includes an erasing unit 129 that transmits to the battery 250, and a display unit 131 that displays an arbitrary message, for example, an authentication error message.

The authentication key storage unit 124 stores the authentication key. The authentication key storage unit 124 is a third authentication key for the vehicle 150 that can mutually authenticate with the first authentication key for the battery 250 and the second authentication key for the management device 450 written in the battery 250. To store.

When the battery 250 is accommodated in the battery accommodating unit 101, the communication unit 102 reads out the first authentication key written in the battery 250 by wire communication or wireless communication and outputs the first authentication key to the collation unit 127.

When the first authentication key is input from the communication unit 102, the collation unit 127 acquires the third authentication key stored in the authentication key storage unit 124, and obtains the first authentication key and the third authentication. Match with the key. When the first authentication key and the third authentication key can mutually authenticate, the collating unit 127 outputs the authentication information indicating that fact to the erasing unit 129. When the first authentication key and the third authentication key cannot mutually authenticate, the collation unit 127 outputs an instruction to display an authentication error message to the display unit 131 to display the message.

When the authentication information is input from the collation unit 127, the erasing unit 129 causes the communication unit 102 to read a new third authentication key written in the battery 250 housed in the battery accommodating unit 101. It is stored in the authentication key storage unit 124. The erasing unit 129 further erases the old third authentication key stored in the authentication key storage unit 124. The erasing unit 129 further erases the old first authentication key written in the battery 250 via the communication unit 102. Although a new first authentication key is also written in the battery 250, the erasing unit 129 does not selectively erase the new first authentication key.

FIG. 22 is a block diagram of the battery 250. The storage unit 210 of the battery 250 includes an authentication key storage unit 218 for storing the authentication key. The authentication key storage unit 218 stores the first authentication key and the third authentication key. The battery 250 includes a communication unit 230 that communicates with the station 300 and the vehicle 150.

When the communication unit 230 receives an instruction to read and write the information stored in the storage unit 210 from the management device 450 via the station 300, the communication unit 230 reads and writes the information according to the instruction, and reads the information. Sends to station 300. Upon receiving the erase signal from the vehicle 150, the communication unit 230 also erases the old first authentication key stored in, for example, the authentication key storage unit 218 according to the erase signal. When the communication unit 230 receives an instruction from the station 300 to display the current deterioration state of the battery 250, the communication unit 230 outputs the instruction to the deterioration display unit 240.

FIG. 23 is a block diagram of the management device 450. The storage unit 420 of the management device 450 includes an authentication key storage unit 430 that stores the authentication key. The authentication key storage unit 430 stores, for example, a second authentication key.

The management device 450 includes a collation unit 441 for collating the authentication key, a generation unit 443 for generating a new authentication key, and an erasing unit 445 for erasing the old authentication key stored in the authentication key storage unit 430.

When the first authentication key and the third authentication key are input from the reading unit 401, the collation unit 441 acquires the second authentication key stored in the authentication key storage unit 430 and obtains the first authentication. The key and the third authentication key are collated with the second authentication key, respectively. When the first authentication key, the third authentication key, and the second authentication key can be mutually authenticated, the collation unit 441 outputs authentication information indicating that fact to the generation unit 443. The collation unit 441 gives an instruction to display an authentication error message when at least one of the first authentication key, the third authentication key, and the second authentication key cannot be mutually authenticated. Output to 307 to display the message. The message may indicate which authentication key pair could not be mutually authenticated.

When the authentication information is input from the collation unit 441, the generation unit 443 generates three new authentication keys that can be mutually authenticated. Specifically, the generation unit 443 generates a new second authentication key, a new first authentication key, and a new third authentication key. The generation unit 443 outputs a new second authentication key to the erasing unit 445, and writes the new first authentication key and the new third authentication key together with the old first authentication key in the writing unit 417. Output to.

When a new second authentication key is input from the generation unit 443, the erasing unit 445 stores the new second authentication key in the authentication key storage unit 430 and stores the new second authentication key in the authentication key storage unit 430 in advance. Erase the old second authentication key, that is, the old second authentication key. The storage of the new second authentication key in the authentication key storage unit 430 and the deletion of the old second authentication key stored in the authentication key storage unit 430 are performed in a predetermined order. It may be in no particular order.

As described above, the authentication key that existed before the authentication key was generated by the generation unit 443 may be called an old authentication key, and the authentication key generated by the generation unit 443 may be called a new authentication key. There is.

The writing unit 417 has returned the battery 250 when the new first authentication key generated by the generation unit 443 and the new third authentication key are input together with the old first authentication key. An instruction to write to the battery 250 rented from the station 300 to the user 60 is output to the station 300.

The management device 450 in the present embodiment is a presentation unit 405, a management unit 419, a rental processing unit 407, and a location output unit 412 of the management device 400 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 7 for the purpose of clarifying the explanation. , The excellent return reward unit 414 and the excellent use reward unit 416 are not provided, and the ID list storage unit 429, the related information storage unit 431, the address distance storage unit 433, and the area information storage unit included in the storage unit 420 of the management device 400 are provided. The unit 435 and the reward information storage unit 437 are also not provided. However, the management device 450 in the present embodiment may include a part or all of these configurations included in the management device 400 according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 24 is a flow chart according to the fifth embodiment. The description of the flow of FIG. 24 begins when a particular user 60 returns the battery 250 used in his vehicle 150 to the station 300.

When the battery 250 is mounted on the vehicle 150, the vehicle 150 writes a third authentication key to the battery 250 in advance (S101). When the battery 250 is removed from the vehicle 150 (S103) and returned to the station 300, the management device 450 receives the first authentication key and the third authentication key written in the battery 250 via the station 300. Is read out (S105).

The management device 450 collates each of the read first authentication key and the third authentication key with the second authentication key held by the management device 450 (S107).

If either the first authentication key or the third authentication key cannot mutually authenticate with the second authentication key (S109: NO), an authentication error display instruction is output to the station 300 (S111). The flow ends. If both the first authentication key and the third authentication key can be mutually authenticated with the second authentication key (S109: YES), the information of the battery 250 returned to the station 300 is read out (S112). If mutual authentication cannot be performed, the station 300 cannot read the information of the battery 250.

The management device 450 generates a new first authentication key, a new second authentication key, and a new third authentication key (S113), and uses the old second authentication key stored in the management device 450. Erase and store a new second authentication key (S115).

The management device 450 writes the new first authentication key and the new third authentication key together with the old first authentication key to the battery 250 to be rented to the user 60, and gives an instruction to the station 300 to perform the rent processing. Output (S117). In this case, even if the other first authentication key and the third authentication key are stored in the rented battery 250 in advance, the first authentication key and the third authentication key are updated. The management device 450 preferably rents out the fully charged battery 250.

When the user 60 attaches the battery 250 lent out from the station 300 to the vehicle 150 (S119), the vehicle 150 reads the old first authentication key from the battery 250 (S121) and obtains the old first authentication key by itself. It is collated with the old third authentication key held (S123).

If the old first authentication key and the old third authentication key cannot be mutually authenticated (S125: NO), the vehicle 150 displays an authentication error message (S127), and the flow ends. When the first authentication key and the third authentication key can be mutually authenticated (S125: YES), the vehicle 150 reads a new third authentication key from the battery 250 and stores it (S129). , Erase the old third authentication key that it owns (S131). Along with this, the vehicle 150 sends an erasing signal to the battery 250 (S133) to erase the old first authentication key and the new third authentication key written in the battery 250 (S135), and the flow is finish. As described above, the flow of FIG. 24 is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 450 is operating.

In the above embodiment, the vehicle 150 arbitrarily performs a writing process and a reading process of information on the rented battery 250 on the condition that the mutual authentication of the authentication key can be performed with the rented battery 250 in S125. You may.

As described above, according to the management system 19 of the present embodiment, even if a malicious third party illegally obtains the first authentication key from the battery 250 and writes it in a low-priced counterfeit product whose quality is not guaranteed, the first authentication key is concerned. If the genuine battery 250 in which the authentication key of 1 is stored has already been returned to the station 300, it has been updated with a new authentication key, so that the counterfeit product does not succeed in authentication. Therefore, the counterfeit product cannot be applied to either the management device 450 or the vehicle 150. As a result, it is possible to prevent the user 60 from unintentionally borrowing a counterfeit product from the station 300, and borrowing a counterfeit product thinking that it is a genuine battery 250, for example, running with low horsepower or severe battery consumption. You can also prevent dissatisfaction with the battery.

Further, according to the above configuration, if neither the management device 450 nor the vehicle 150 can mutually authenticate the authentication key with the housed battery 250, neither the writing process nor the reading process of the information to the battery 250 can be performed. Since this is not done, it is possible to prevent unauthorized leakage of information via counterfeit products.

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the management system 21 according to the sixth embodiment. In the management system 21, the same configuration as the management system 19 of the fifth embodiment is assigned the same number and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 25, in the management system 21, the vehicle 160, the battery 250 and the management device 460 communicate with each other via the communication network 40.

FIG. 26 is a block diagram of the vehicle 160. The vehicle 160 is different in that it does not have the erasing unit 129 and that the communication unit 162 communicates with the management device 460. In addition, the description of the same configuration as that of the vehicle 150 of the fifth embodiment will be omitted.

FIG. 27 is a block diagram of the management device 460. The management device 460 is different in that the communication unit 463 also communicates with the vehicle 160, and the erasing unit 465 instructs the vehicle 160 to erase the authentication key. In addition, the description of the same configuration as that of the management device 450 of the fifth embodiment will be omitted.

FIG. 28 is a flow chart of the operation of the management system 21 of the sixth embodiment. FIG. 28 shows the flow of the operation after step S123 in the operation of FIG. 24. When mutual authentication cannot be performed in the collation of step S123 in FIG. 24 (S225: No), the vehicle 160 displays an authentication error on the display unit 131 (S227) and ends the flow.

If mutual authentication is possible (S225: YES), the vehicle 160 reads a new third authentication key from the battery 250 and stores it (S129). Further, the vehicle 160 transmits an authentication notification indicating that the mutual authentication is successful to the management device 460 (S231).

When the management device 460 receives the authentication notification, the management device 460 sends an erasing signal for erasing the old first authentication key to the battery 250 (S233). When the battery 250 receives the erase signal via the station 300, it erases the old first authentication key (S235).

Similarly, the management device 460 sends an erasing signal for erasing the old third authentication key to the vehicle 160 when the authentication notification is received (S237). When the vehicle 160 receives the erase signal, it erases the old third authentication key (S239). This is the end of the flow. As described above, the flow of FIG. 28 is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 460 is operating.

This embodiment also has the same effect as that of the fifth embodiment. Further, the old authentication key of the vehicle 160 and the battery 250 can be erased without providing the erasing unit in the vehicle 160.

FIG. 29 is a block diagram of the management device 470 of the seventh embodiment. The management device 470 is different from the management device 450 of the fifth embodiment in that it does not have the erasing unit 445 and that the communication unit 473 communicates with the vehicle 170. In addition, the description of the same configuration of the management device 450 of the fifth embodiment will be omitted.

The vehicle 170 is different from the vehicle 150 of the fifth embodiment in that it communicates with the management device 450 and transmits an erasing signal for erasing the authentication key to the erasing unit 129. Others are the same as the vehicle 150 of the fifth embodiment, so the block diagram and description will be omitted.

FIG. 30 is a flow chart of the operation of the seventh embodiment. FIG. 30 shows the flow of the operation after step S113 in the operation of FIG. 24. First, in step S315, the management device 470 stores a new second authentication key. However, since the management device 470 does not have an erasing unit, the old authentication key remains. Hereinafter, steps S317 to S335 are the same as steps S117 to S135 in FIG. 24, and thus description thereof will be omitted.

The vehicle 170 sends an erasure signal to the management device 470 (S337) on condition that the mutual authentication can be performed in step S325, and erases the old second authentication key recorded in the management device 470 (S339). This is the end of the flow. As described above, the flow of FIG. 30 is repeatedly executed while each device such as the management device 470 is operating.

This embodiment also has the same effect as that of the fifth embodiment. Further, after the vehicle 170 succeeds in authenticating with the battery 250, the old authentication key of the management device 470 is erased. Therefore, if the authentication between the vehicle 170 and the battery 250 is not successful for some reason despite the fact that the battery is a regular battery 250, the operation can be restarted from step S107 with the old authentication key.

As described above, in the fifth embodiment, the management device and the vehicle have an erasing unit, in the sixth embodiment, only the management device has the erasing unit, and in the seventh embodiment, only the vehicle has the erasing unit. Instead, only the battery may have an eraser.

In this case, the battery may be provided with a collation unit to read the third authentication key from the vehicle and collate it with its own first authentication key. If the collating unit succeeds in authenticating, a new third authentication is transmitted to the vehicle, and the battery disappearing unit erases the old second authentication key of the vehicle.

Further, the collating unit may read the second authentication key from the management device on the battery and collate it with its own first authentication key. If the collating unit succeeds in authenticating, the battery vanishing unit erases the old second authentication key of the management device.

It should be noted that the process of reading and writing the battery information becomes impossible when the authentication is not successful, as in the other embodiments.

The management device, the battery, and the vehicle may each have an erasing unit. Further, none of them has an erasing unit, and a new authentication key may be programmed to erase the old authentication key by some trigger.

In the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, the authentication keys are not particularly limited as long as they can be authenticated by collating with each other. For example, it is determined that the authentication is successful when at least a part of the authentication keys are the same character string, a sequence, or a combination thereof and the same parts match. It may be determined that the authentication is successful by deriving a known solution when a specific operation such as adding the numerical values of each place is performed because the authentication keys are different sequences.

In the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, the management device stores the authentication key for the management device generated each time the battery is returned, as many as the number of rented batteries, until the batteries are returned. Instead, the management device generates only the authentication key for the battery and the vehicle each time the battery is returned, holds a common hash value for all the generated authentication keys, and the battery returns. When this is done, it may be determined that the battery and the vehicle are genuine by using the authentication key for the battery and the vehicle obtained from the battery and the hash value without performing mutual authentication of the authentication keys.

In the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, when the battery is returned to the station, the management device generates a new mutually authenticateable authentication key unique to each of the management device, the battery, and the vehicle. , The user is supposed to return the battery to the same station as the one that rented it. However, by distributing the new authentication key generated by one management device to a plurality of other management devices and sharing the new authentication key among the plurality of management devices assigned to different stations, the user can use the new authentication key. , The battery may be returned to a different station than the borrowed station, or mutual authentication of the authentication key between the battery and the management device of the different station may be possible. In addition, the management system additionally includes a server that receives newly generated authentication keys from multiple management devices and centrally manages them, and when the user returns the battery to a different station from the one that rented the battery, the different station. By inquiring the server and acquiring a new authentication key, the management device of the above may enable mutual authentication of the authentication key between the battery returned by the user and the management device of the different station.

In the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, when the battery is returned to the station, the management device generates a new mutually authenticateable authentication key unique to each of the management device, the battery, and the vehicle. Instead, the battery will be returned to the station on a predetermined date and time, for example, after midnight on January 1st and before midnight on January 1st of the following year. Each time, the management device repeatedly generates one authentication key common to the management device, the battery and the vehicle, and after midnight on January 1st of the following year, a new one common to the management device, the battery and the vehicle You may change to one authentication key and repeatedly generate the new one authentication key each time the battery is returned to the station, as in last year.

Further, in the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, the authentication key of the battery may be updated when the battery is returned. Further, in the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, instead of updating the authentication key every time the battery is rented, the authentication key may be updated at a predetermined timing. An example of a predetermined timing is the number of times of authentication with the authentication key at regular intervals.

In the fifth to seventh embodiments described above, when a new vehicle is introduced, there is no stage in which the battery is returned, and the battery is rented out. Therefore, it is preferable that the management company controls the vehicle at the first time when the battery is installed in the vehicle, and the vehicle reads out a new third authentication key from the battery and stores it without performing the collation process. Further, when the authentication is not successful in step S109 or the like in FIG. 24 and a new battery is rented out, the same control may be performed.

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the station 1000 as a modification. The station 1000 shown in FIG. 31 differs from the station 300 shown in FIG. 1 in that two storage shelves are provided side by side, and each storage shelf can move the stored battery 200 inside the station 1000. A transport path is provided between the storage shelves, and the battery 200 stored in each storage shelf can be moved via the transport path.

Further, each storage shelf is provided with one return port for the battery 200 indicated as IN and one discharge port for the rental battery 200 indicated as OUT, and the user 60 is accommodated in the storage shelf. The battery 200 is not visible from the outside.

Furthermore, in the modified example, a display is arranged at the top of each storage shelf, and the display on the storage shelf on the left side of the paper displays "Please return the battery with the red label here" on the right side. The display of the storage shelves says "Please return the battery with the blue label here", and the storage shelf on the left side facing the paper is, for example, dedicated to the battery 200 with deterioration grades 1 to 3, and the storage shelf on the right side. Is dedicated to, for example, a battery 200 having a deterioration grade of 4 to 5. As described above, in the station 1000, the storage shelves of the battery 200 are different depending on the deterioration grade and the deterioration display.

In the above first to seventh embodiments, the station supplies the electric power supplied from the substation of the electric power company to the stock battery, but additionally, the station is provided with sunlight or the like. A power generation device that generates electricity from natural energy may be provided, and the power generated by the power generation device may be charged into a stock battery. Further, the station may be provided with an emergency battery as a buffer. The emergency battery may be, for example, an old battery that has a high degree of deterioration and cannot be used as a rental battery.

Various embodiments of the present invention may be described with reference to flowcharts and block diagrams, wherein the block is (1) a stage of the process in which the operation is performed or (2) a device responsible for performing the operation. May represent a section of. Specific stages and sections are implemented by dedicated circuits, programmable circuits supplied with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium, and / or processors supplied with computer-readable instructions stored on a computer-readable medium. You can. Dedicated circuits may include digital and / or analog hardware circuits, and may include integrated circuits (ICs) and / or discrete circuits. Programmable circuits are memory elements such as logical AND, logical OR, logical XOR, logical NAND, logical NOR, and other logical operations, flip-flops, registers, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), programmable logic arrays (PLA), etc. May include reconfigurable hardware circuits, including, etc.

The computer-readable medium may include any tangible device capable of storing instructions executed by the appropriate device, so that the computer-readable medium having the instructions stored therein is specified in a flowchart or block diagram. It will be equipped with a product that contains instructions that can be executed to create a means for performing the operation. Examples of computer-readable media may include electronic storage media, magnetic storage media, optical storage media, electromagnetic storage media, semiconductor storage media, and the like. More specific examples of computer-readable media include floppy (registered trademark) disks, diskettes, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), Blu-ray (RTM) disc, memory stick, integrated A circuit card or the like may be included.

Computer-readable instructions are assembler instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, or object-oriented programming such as Smalltalk, JAVA®, C ++, etc. Contains either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including languages and traditional procedural programming languages such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. Good.

Computer-readable instructions are applied to a general-purpose computer, a special purpose computer, or the processor or programmable circuit of another programmable data processing device, either locally or in a wide area network (WAN) such as the local area network (LAN), the Internet, etc. ) May be executed to create a means for performing the operation specified in the flowchart or block diagram. Examples of processors include computer processors, processing units, microprocessors, digital signal processors, controllers, microcontrollers and the like.

FIG. 32 shows an example of a computer 1200 in which a plurality of aspects of the present invention can be embodied in whole or in part. The program installed on the computer 1200 causes the computer 1200 to function as an operation associated with the device according to an embodiment of the present invention or as one or more "parts" of the device, or the operation or the one or more "parts". A unit can be run and / or a computer 1200 can be made to perform a process according to an embodiment of the present invention or a stage of the process. Such a program may be executed by the CPU 1212 to cause the computer 1200 to perform a specific operation associated with some or all of the blocks of the flowcharts and block diagrams described herein.

The computer 1200 according to this embodiment includes a CPU 1212, a RAM 1214, a graphic controller 1216, and a display device 1218, which are interconnected by a host controller 1210. The computer 1200 also includes an input / output unit such as a communication interface 1222, a hard disk drive 1224, a DVD-ROM drive 1226, and an IC card drive, which are connected to the host controller 1210 via the input / output controller 1220. The computer also includes legacy I / O units such as the ROM 1230 and keyboard 1242, which are connected to the I / O controller 1220 via the I / O chip 1240.

The CPU 1212 operates according to the programs stored in the ROM 1230 and the RAM 1214, thereby controlling each unit. The graphic controller 1216 acquires image data generated by the CPU 1212 in a frame buffer or the like provided in the RAM 1214 or in the graphic controller 1216 itself, and displays the image data on the display device 1218.

The communication interface 1222 communicates with other electronic devices via a network. The hard disk drive 1224 stores programs and data used by the CPU 1212 in the computer 1200. The DVD-ROM drive 1226 reads the program or data from the DVD-ROM 1201 and provides the program or data to the hard disk drive 1224 via the RAM 1214. The IC card drive reads the program and data from the IC card and / or writes the program and data to the IC card.

The ROM 1230 internally stores a boot program or the like executed by the computer 1200 at the time of activation, and / or a program depending on the hardware of the computer 1200. The I / O chip 1240 may also connect various I / O units to the I / O controller 1220 via a parallel port, serial port, keyboard port, mouse port, and the like.

The program is provided by a computer-readable storage medium such as a DVD-ROM 1201 or an IC card. The program is read from a computer-readable storage medium, installed on a hard disk drive 1224, RAM 1214, or ROM 1230, which is also an example of a computer-readable storage medium, and executed by the CPU 1212. The information processing described in these programs is read by the computer 1200 and provides a link between the program and the various types of hardware resources described above. The device or method may be configured to implement the operation or processing of information in accordance with the use of the computer 1200.

For example, when communication is executed between the computer 1200 and an external device, the CPU 1212 executes a communication program loaded in the RAM 1214, and performs communication processing on the communication interface 1222 based on the processing described in the communication program. You may order. Under the control of the CPU 1212, the communication interface 1222 reads and reads transmission data stored in a transmission buffer area provided in a recording medium such as a RAM 1214, a hard disk drive 1224, a DVD-ROM 1201, or an IC card. The data is transmitted to the network, or the received data received from the network is written to the reception buffer area or the like provided on the recording medium.

Further, the CPU 1212 makes the RAM 1214 read all or necessary parts of a file or a database stored in an external recording medium such as a hard disk drive 1224, a DVD-ROM drive 1226 (DVD-ROM1201), or an IC card. Various types of processing may be performed on the data on the RAM 1214. The CPU 1212 may then write back the processed data to an external recording medium.

Various types of information, such as various types of programs, data, tables, and databases, may be stored on recording media for information processing. The CPU 1212 describes various types of operations, information processing, conditional judgment, conditional branching, unconditional branching, and information retrieval described in various parts of the present disclosure with respect to the data read from the RAM 1214. Various types of processing may be performed, including / replacement, etc., and the results are written back to the RAM 1214. Further, the CPU 1212 may search for information in a file, a database, or the like in the recording medium. For example, when a plurality of entries each having an attribute value of the first attribute associated with the attribute value of the second attribute are stored in the recording medium, the CPU 1212 is the first of the plurality of entries. The attribute value of the attribute of is searched for the entry that matches the specified condition, the attribute value of the second attribute stored in the entry is read, and the first attribute satisfying the predetermined condition is selected. You may get the attribute value of the associated second attribute.

The program or software module described above may be stored on a computer 1200 or in a computer-readable storage medium near the computer 1200. In addition, a recording medium such as a hard disk or RAM provided in a dedicated communication network or a server system connected to the Internet can be used as a computer-readable storage medium, whereby the program can be sent to the computer 1200 via the network. provide.

Although the present invention has been described above using the embodiments, the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or improvements can be made to the above embodiments. Further, to the extent that there is no technical contradiction, the matters described for the specific embodiment can be applied to other embodiments. Further, each component may have the same characteristics as other components having the same name but different reference numerals. It is clear from the claims that the form with such modifications or improvements may also be included in the technical scope of the invention.

The order of execution of operations, procedures, steps, steps, etc. in the devices, systems, programs, and methods shown in the claims, specifications, and drawings is particularly "before" and "prior to". It should be noted that it can be realized in any order unless the output of the previous process is used in the subsequent process. Even if the claims, the specification, and the operation flow in the drawings are explained using "first", "next", etc. for convenience, it means that it is essential to carry out in this order. is not it.

19, 20, 21 management system, 40 communication network, 60 users, 100, 150, 160, 170 vehicles, 101 battery accommodating unit, 102, 162 communication unit, 103 charge / discharge amount measurement unit, 105 SOC calculation unit, 107 battery temperature Measurement unit, 109 regenerative power charging unit, 111 position information acquisition unit, 112 date and time measurement unit, 113 acceleration measurement unit, 115 travel time measurement unit, 117 mileage measurement unit, 119 driving propensity judgment unit, 120 storage unit, 121 condition storage Unit, 122 User-related information storage unit, 123 Vehicle ID storage unit, 124 Authentication key storage unit, 125 Writing unit, 126 Vehicle-related information storage unit, 127 Verification unit, 129 Erasing unit, 131 Display unit, 200, 250, 800 Battery, 210, 810 storage unit, 211 Usage history information storage unit, 213, 813 Operation history storage unit, 215, 815 Usage status history storage unit, 217, 817 Battery information storage unit, 218 Authentication key storage unit, 219, 819 related Information storage unit, 221 and 821 User-related information storage unit, 223, 823 Vehicle-related information storage unit, 230 communication unit, 240, 840 deterioration display unit, 825 condition storage unit, 850 measurement unit, 861 deterioration degree calculation unit, 865 price Judgment unit, 300 stations, 301 battery storage unit, 303 read / write unit, 305 charge / discharge unit, 307 display unit, 309 input unit, 400, 450, 460, 470, 600, 900 management device, 401, 601, 901 reader, 403, 463, 473, 603, 903 communication unit, 405, 905 presentation unit, 407, 607, 907 lending processing unit, 409, 609, 909 charge / discharge indicator unit, 411 deterioration degree calculation unit, 412, 912 location output unit, 413 Display Judgment Department, 414, 914 Excellent Return Reward Department, 415 Price Judgment Department, 416, 916 Excellent Usage Reward Department, 417, 617, 917 Writing Department, 419, 619, 919 Management Department, 420, 620, 920 Storage Unit , 421, 921 Specific information storage unit, 423, 623, 923 Charge / discharge pattern storage unit, 425, 925 Condition storage unit, 427, 927 History storage unit, 429, 629, 929 ID list storage unit, 430 Authentication key storage unit, 431, 631, 93 1 Related information storage unit, 433, 633, 933 Address distance storage unit, 435, 635, 935 Area information storage unit, 437, 937 Reward information storage unit, 441 collation unit, 443 generation unit, 445, 465 erasing unit, 500, 700 server, 501, 701 communication unit, 509, 709 management unit, 510, 710 storage unit, 517, 717 related information storage unit, 705 presentation unit, 711 deterioration degree calculation unit, 712 location output unit, 713 display judgment unit, 714 Excellent return reward unit, 715 price judgment unit, 716 excellent usage reward unit, 721 specific information storage unit, 725 condition storage unit, 727 history storage unit, 737 reward information storage unit, 812 cumulative usage history information storage unit, 1200 computer, 1201 DVD-ROM, 1210 host controller, 1212 CPU, 1214 RAM, 1216 graphic controller, 1218 display device, 1220 I / O controller, 1222 communication interface, 1224 hard disk drive, 1226 DVD-ROM drive, 1230 ROM, 1240 I / O chip, 1242 keyboard

Claims (3)

A system including a management device that manages a battery that can be attached to and detached from an electrically driven vehicle, and the vehicle.
Battery information about the battery is written in the battery.
The management device is
Located at the station to replace the battery
A storage unit that stores the charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the battery information, and
A reading unit that reads the battery information from the battery,
By referring to the storage unit, it is provided with a charge / discharge instruction unit that determines the charge / discharge pattern corresponding to the battery information read by the read unit and outputs an instruction to the charge / discharge device of the station. ,
The battery information includes a degree of deterioration indicating the current degree of deterioration of the battery.
The battery information further includes at least one of the current maximum allowable current of the battery, the current maximum allowable voltage of the battery, and the current maximum allowable temperature of the battery.
The charge / discharge pattern corresponds to the degree of deterioration and at least one of the above information.
A system in which the vehicle measures at least one of the information while traveling and writes it to the battery. In the charge / discharge pattern, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery, the smaller the current value flowing into the battery and the current value discharged from the battery.
The system according to claim 1. In the charge / discharge pattern, the higher the degree of deterioration of the battery, the longer the charge time until the rated voltage of the battery is reached and the discharge time until the predetermined voltage is reached.
The system according to claim 1 or 3.

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