JP6902250B1 - Sound collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sound collector using Helmholtz resonance. SOLUTION: An internal space 105 surrounded by an inner wall, a housing 103 having a through hole 107 communicating between the internal space 105 and the outside, and a part of an outer surface of the housing 103, penetrating. A contact surface 109 in contact with a sound collecting object, which is arranged so as to surround the outer opening of the hole 107, and a microphone 115 in which the sound collecting portion is arranged toward the internal space 105 are provided, and the inside is provided through the through hole 107. A sound collector is provided in which Helmholtz resonance occurs in the air vibration transmitted to the space 105, and the resonance frequency due to Helmholtz resonance is 1 kHz to 10 kHz. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

The present invention relates to a sound collector that selectively collects sound waves of an arbitrary frequency.

Since most of the heart sound spectrum of a device for listening to heart sounds and lung sounds, such as a hearing instrument, is between 20 and 100 Hz, and the frequency of tracheal sound is 60 to 600 Hz for inspiration and 60 to 700 Hz for exhalation. It was designed to collect low frequency sounds of tens to hundreds of Hz. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a stethoscope that blinks a light in a pattern indicating the detected internal sound at the same time as detecting the internal sound.

However, the wheezing used for diagnosing pertussis and asthma has a frequency of 100 to 2500 Hz, and the crackle sound (water bubble sound) of the lung used for diagnosing pneumonia has a frequency of about 1 kHz, and sleep apnea syndrome (sleep apnea syndrome). The wheezing sound used for the diagnosis of SAS) is characterized by a high frequency sound having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz. Therefore, for the diagnosis of asthma and pneumonia and the diagnosis of SAS, it is necessary to collect high-frequency sounds having a frequency of 1 kHz or more.

Special Table 2017-536867

Conventional stethoscopes do not specially collect high-frequency sound waves having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz in order to hear heart sounds and lung sounds at the same time. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a sound collector capable of efficiently collecting sound waves having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz. Another object of the present invention is to provide a diagnostic device for diagnosing pneumonia and SAS by efficiently collecting lung crackle sounds and snoring sounds by using such a sound collector.

The sound collector of the present invention
An internal space surrounded by an inner wall, and a housing having a through hole that communicates between the internal space and the outside.
A contact surface that is a part of the outer surface of the housing and is arranged so as to surround the outer opening of the through hole and is in contact with the sound collecting object.
A microphone in which a sound collecting unit is arranged in the internal space, and
With
Helmholtz resonance occurs in the air vibration transmitted from the through hole to the internal space.
The resonance frequency due to the Helmholtz resonance is a sound collector having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz.

The present invention provides a sound collector capable of amplifying and collecting sound having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz, preferably a frequency of 2 kHz to 6 kHz by using Helmholtz resonance. Therefore, a diagnostic device for diagnosing pneumonia or SAS by efficiently collecting lung crackles and snoring sounds is provided.

It is (a) side view and (b) top view of the sound collector which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is (a) BB sectional view and (b) AA sectional view of the sound collector according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which collects the snoring sound by applying the sound collector of this invention to a human body. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the sound collector according to Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the sound collector according to Example 2 of this invention.

Hereinafter, various embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The sound collector described below is for embodying the technical idea of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the following unless otherwise specified. In consideration of the explanation of the main points or the ease of understanding, different drawings are shown with the same reference numerals for convenience. In particular, similar actions and effects with the same configuration will not be mentioned sequentially for each embodiment or embodiment. The size and positional relationship of the members shown in each drawing may be exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

FIG. 1 is a side view (a) and a top view (b) of the sound collector according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line (a) BB and a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the sound collector according to the embodiment of the present invention. The sound collector of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

(Explanation of the outer shape of the sound collector)
As shown in FIG. 1A, the sound collector 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 103. The housing 103 has a stepped shape composed of a wide lower end portion and a body length main body portion. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the housing 103 according to the embodiment of the present invention has a double circular shape when viewed from the upper surface. The wide lower end of the housing 103 has a circular shape that is slightly larger than the main body.

That is, the main body and the lower end have a shape in which cylinders are stacked. The lower end is a cylinder with a larger radius than the main body. In the present embodiment, it is circular when viewed from the upper surface, but it can take a polygon such as a quadrangle, an ellipse, or various other shapes in a plan view.

The lower end portion of the housing 103 has a larger area than the main body portion because it comes into contact with a sound collecting object, for example, a human body, to collect sound. The lower end portion preferably has a diameter of 6 mm to 2 cm and a height of 2 mm to 5 mm.

The main body of the housing 103 is sized appropriately for amplifying the collected sound by Helmholtz resonance. Here, the size is preferably 4 mm to 1.5 cm in diameter and 5 mm to 2 cm in height.

The main body and the lower end of the housing 103 may be made of the same material or different materials. In the present embodiment, the main body and the lower end of the housing 103 are made of the same elastic member made of rubber.

Since the main body of the housing 103 causes Helmholtz resonance, an appropriate material such as plastic, metal, or glass, which is harder than the elastic material, can be used. Further, since the lower end portion of the housing 103 comes into contact with a sound collecting object to collect sound, a material such as silicon rubber, which is soft among elastic materials and changes its shape when it comes into contact with human skin, can be used. ..

(Explanation of Helmholtz resonance of sound collector)
As shown in FIG. 2A, the housing 103 includes an internal space 105 surrounded by an inner wall. The internal space 105 is provided in the main body of the housing 103. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), this internal space 105 is a circular shape with a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm centered on the through hole 107 in a plan view and has a height in order to generate Helmholtz resonance. It has a cylindrical shape of 1 mm to 4 mm.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the housing 103 has a through hole 107 that communicates between the internal space 105 and the outside. As shown in FIG. 2B, the through hole 107 is a circle with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm in plan view and a cylinder with a height of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm in order to generate Helmholtz resonance. It is a shape.

As shown in FIG. 2A, a contact surface 109 which is a part of the outer surface of the housing 103 and is arranged so as to surround the outer opening of the through hole 107 and is in contact with the sound collecting object is provided. Inside the contact surface 109, a surface 111 formed recessed from the contact surface 109, which surrounds the through hole 107 and is surrounded by the contact surface 109, may be provided.

The external space 113 formed by the surface 111 plays a role of collecting sound from the sound collecting object. It is preferable that the external space 113 is not essential. The external space 113 is a circular shape having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, which is aligned with the through hole 107 in a plan view.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the inner wall of the housing 103 is provided with a microphone 115 in which a sound collecting portion is arranged toward the internal space 105. The microphone 115 collects sound at the lower end of the housing 103, and converts the sound amplified by Helmholtz resonance at the main body of the housing 103 into an electric signal.

The microphone is preferably arranged at a position where the through hole 107 and the inner wall of the housing 103 face each other, but the microphone is not limited to this, and may be provided on the side wall of the inner wall of the main body of the housing 103.

Helmholtz resonance occurs in the air vibration transmitted from the through hole 107 of the sound collector of the present invention to the internal space 105. The resonance frequency due to this Helmholtz resonance is 1 kHz to 10 kHz, and particularly preferably 2 kHz to 6 kHz. The sound converted into an electric signal is recorded by an external device and used for diagnosing diseases such as pneumonia and SAS.

(Helmholtz resonance)
The resonance frequency F due to Helmholtz resonance is expressed by the following equation.

Here, c is the speed of sound, A is the area of the through hole 107, V is the volume of the internal space 105, and L is the height of the through hole 107.

That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the area of the through hole 107 is 0.20 mm ² to 1.77 ^{mm 2} , and the volume of the internal space 105 is 1.77 mm ³ to 63.3 mm ^3. The height of 107 is preferably 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.

Further, in order to cause Helmholtz resonance, the main body of the housing 103 does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, but resonance is caused by Helmholtz resonance, and sound is collected by a microphone 115 installed on the inner wall, particularly on the upper part of the inner wall. It is preferably cylindrical. If the microphone 115 is installed on the side wall of the inner wall, it may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, a polygonal column, or the like.

(Embodiment of SAS Diagnostic Device)
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of applying the sound collector of the present invention to the human body to collect snoring sounds. An application example of the present invention is shown with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the sound collector 101 of the present invention is installed on the trachea of the person to be measured, and the person to be measured is asked to sleep. The sound collector 101 can efficiently collect the lung sound during sleep having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz.

Since the snoring sound has a characteristic waveform particularly between 1 kHz and 10 kHz, the snoring sound can be easily detected by using the sound collector of the present invention. SAS can be diagnosed by analyzing this snoring sound.

In addition, since the frequency of the crackle sound of the lung is about 1 kHz, pneumonia can be diagnosed during sleep. The snoring sound and crackle sound are recorded and analyzed by the measuring device 121. It is conceivable to use AI to analyze the snoring and respiratory cycles and the frequency of breath sounds, issue a warning of apnea syndrome in real time, and warn of pneumonia.

Further, the measuring device 121 may have a recording function and a communication function. For example, the measuring device 121 can use a smartphone. Such a measuring device 121 can transmit the sound collected after recording using Bluetooth (registered trademark), the Internet, or a telephone line to a remote place in real time. Therefore, a remote doctor can make a diagnosis with recorded sounds or real-time sounds.

In the sound collector 101 of the present invention, the through hole 107 is configured to be circular with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm and a cylindrical shape with a height of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm in a plan view. .. Further, the internal space 105 is configured to have a circular shape having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, which is aligned with the through hole 107 in a plan view.

Further, in the sound collector 101 of the present invention, the external space 113 is a circular shape having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, which is aligned with the through hole 107 in a plan view. It was configured like this.

Various ranges can be taken to cause Helmholtz resonance, but it should be as small as possible for long-term exposure to the human trachea. However, in order to collect the lung sound, a certain magnitude is required according to the resonance frequency. The size for that is the above.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the housing 103 having the internal space 105 is superposed on the lower end portion having the contact surface 109 to manufacture the sound collector 101. The internal structure of the sound collector 101 is such that the through hole 107 has a diameter of 1 mm and a height of 1 mm, the internal space 105 has a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 1 mm, and the external space 113 has a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 1 mm. And said.

The resonance frequency obtained by substituting this numerical value into the Helmholtz resonance equation is 13.94 kHz. If the installation space of the microphone 115 is 31.1 mm ³ , it will be about 6 kHz.

FIG. 4 shows the frequency characteristics of the sound collector according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 4, a peak occurs at a frequency of 5.57 kHz. Although there is a slight deviation from the theoretical value, it is considered to be a good agreement considering that the material is an elastic body.

In this example, the height of the internal space 105 is 4 mm, which is four times as high as that of the first embodiment. The sound collector 101 was manufactured by using the through hole 107 as a cylinder having a diameter of 1 mm and a height of 1 mm, the internal space 105 as a cylinder having a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 4 mm, and the external space 113 as a cylinder having a diameter of 3 mm and a height of 1 mm. ..

The resonance frequency obtained by substituting this numerical value into the Helmholtz resonance equation is 3.63 kHz.

FIG. 5 shows the frequency characteristics of the sound collector according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the peak frequency was 2.29 kHz. This is also considered to be in good agreement with the theoretical value, although there is some deviation.

The present invention provides a sound collector capable of amplifying and collecting sound having a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz, preferably a frequency of 2 kHz to 6 kHz by using Helmholtz resonance. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently collect lung crackles and snoring sounds and use them for their diagnosis.

The description of the embodiments described above is exemplary in all respects and is not restrictive. Modifications and changes can be made as appropriate for those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above-described embodiment but by the scope of claims. Further, the scope of the present invention includes modifications from the embodiment within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the claims.

The sound collector provided by the present invention can be used to simplify the diagnosis of SAS and pneumonia.

103 Housing 105 Internal space 107 Through hole 109 Contact surface 111 Surface 113 External space 115 Microphone

Claims (8)

An internal space surrounded by an inner wall, and a housing having a through hole that communicates between the internal space and the outside.
A contact surface that is a part of the outer surface of the housing and is arranged so as to surround the outer opening of the through hole and is in contact with the sound collecting object.
A microphone in which a sound collecting unit is arranged toward the internal space, and
With
For air vibration of 1 kHz or more transmitted from the through hole to the internal space

(F is the resonance frequency, c is the speed of sound, A is the area of the through hole, V is the volume of the internal space, and L is the height of the through hole.)
According to, Helmholtz resonance occurs,
The resonance frequency due to the Helmholtz resonance is 1 kHz to 10 kHz.
A sound collector that collects the sound generated by the Helmholtz resonance by the sound collecting unit. The sound collector according to claim 1, wherein a surface surrounding the through hole and surrounded by the contact surface is formed so as to be recessed from the contact surface. The sound collector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the housing is made of an elastic body. The area of the plan view of the through hole is 1.77 mm ² from 0.20 mm ^2,
The height of the through hole is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm.
The sound collector according to any one of claims 1 to ³ , wherein the volume of the internal space is 1.77 mm ³ to 63.6 mm 3. The through hole is a circular shape having a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm and a cylindrical shape having a height of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm in a plan view.
The interior space is a circular shape having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and a height of 1 mm to 4 mm, which is aligned with the through hole in a plan view, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Described sound collector. The external space formed by the surface surrounding the through hole and surrounded by the contact surface is a circle having a diameter of 1.5 mm to 4.5 mm and having a center aligned with the through hole in a plan view, and has a height of 0.5. The sound collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a cylindrical shape of 1.5 mm. The sound collector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the resonance frequency due to the Helmholtz resonance is 2 kHz to 6 kHz. A measuring device for measuring the crackle of lung sound by applying the sound collector according to any one of claims 1 to 7 onto the trachea of a human body.

Images