JP6902187B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction machine used when dismantling a wall or the like inside a building.

Conventionally, when a part of the building frame is dismantled in renewal work (repair or renovation work), a construction machine (heavy machine) may be used in order to efficiently carry out the dismantling work. Normally, the weight of a heavy machine that can be equipped with the chipping / crushing attachment required for dismantling exceeds 1 ton. However, if the floor does not have sufficient strength due to aging of the skeleton structure or the like, heavy machinery weighing more than 1 ton cannot be installed for work.

On the other hand, a dismantling method for dismantling a concrete structure using a small heavy machine is also being studied (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the dismantling method described in this document, at a dismantling site where the height is limited to about 2.5 m, a pilot hole is drilled in a plurality of concrete structures using a drilling machine, crushed using a rock breaking machine, and a crusher. Crush using.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-84561

When dismantling a part of the skeleton in an existing building, heavy machinery may be carried to the work floor. Elevators may also be installed in existing buildings. However, since the existing elevator has a dimensional limitation (2.0 m × 1.35 m × height 2.3 m), the heavy equipment described in Patent Document 1 should be lifted to the work floor by using the elevator. I couldn't. In addition, the passage of the existing building was narrow, and the above-mentioned heavy machinery could not pass or turn.

For this reason, conventionally, a plurality of workers perform demolition work by crushing the wall using a hand crusher without using a heavy machine. In this case, it was difficult to improve work efficiency.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a construction machine capable of working in a narrow space.

-A construction machine that solves the above problems is a vehicle body having a plurality of drive wheels that can individually control the rotation direction and speed, and by driving the plurality of drive wheels, the vehicle body moves straight and around the central axis. A control unit that controls the turning of the wheel, a dismantling attachment used for dismantling an object to be dismantled, and a holding member that is attached to the vehicle body body to hold the dismantling attachment and change the height of the dismantling attachment. To be equipped. As a result, it is possible to move straight and turn on the spot, so that it is possible to make a small turn and move in any direction even in a narrow place. Further, unlike the heavy endless track, the drive wheels are lightweight, so that the construction machine can be used even in a place where the load capacity is low (floor, etc.).

-In the construction machine, the dismantling attachment is preferably a crushing tool for crushing the dismantling object. As a result, the walls inside the existing building can be efficiently dismantled.

-In the construction machine, the holding member includes a pair of arms provided on both sides of the vehicle body, and the dismantling attachment is located in front of the vehicle body and is supported by the pair of arms. It is preferable to have. As a result, the dismantling attachment can be supported from both sides, so that the dismantling attachment can be firmly supported. Further, the central portion of the vehicle body can be used for other purposes.

-In the construction machine, it is preferable that a loading platform is further attached to the vehicle body body, and the pair of arms are provided at positions on the side portions of the loading platform. As a result, the concrete waste generated in the dismantling work can be stored in the loading platform and transported, so that not only the dismantling work but also the transporting work can be efficiently performed.

-In the construction machine, the control unit is connected to the remote control device via wired or wireless, and the control unit controls the drive of the drive wheels in response to an operation instruction input to the remote control device. It is preferable to do so. This makes it possible to operate the construction machine away from the place where the construction machine is dismantling.

According to the present invention, it is possible to work in a narrow space.

The perspective view of the construction machine in an embodiment. It is a figure of the construction machine in an embodiment, (a) is a top view, (b) is a front view. The block diagram explaining the structure of the control part of the construction machine in Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing explaining the operation of the construction machine in embodiment, (a) shows the state before turning, (b) after turning, (c) the state which grips the object to be dismantled. Explanatory drawing explaining operation of the construction machine in embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining operation of the construction machine in embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a small heavy machine (construction machine) 10 in the present embodiment, and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) are a top view and a front view of the heavy machine 10 respectively.

The heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a total length of less than 2 m, a width of about 0.85 m, a height of less than 1.5 m, and a weight of less than 800 kg.
The heavy machine 10 includes a vehicle body main body 11, wheels 21, 22, 23, 24 as four driving wheels supporting the vehicle body main body 11, a loading platform 25, and a crushing tool 40 as a dismantling attachment. There is.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the wheel 21 and the wheel 22, and the wheel 23 and the wheel 24 are arranged at positions facing each other so as to be separated from each other. In this embodiment, Mecanum wheels are used as the wheels 21 to 24.

As shown in FIG. 2B, the vehicle body main body 11 includes a first main body 11a having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and a second main body 11b erected diagonally. A motor and a hydraulic unit, which will be described later, are built in the first main body 11a. The second main body 11b has a built-in control unit, which will be described later.

A mounting table 12 is provided at the lower part of the second main body portion 11b so as to project horizontally. A battery 13 is mounted on the mounting table 12. An end portion of a plate-shaped scaffolding member 14 is rotatably attached to the rear end portion of the mounting table 12. An operator rides on the scaffolding member 14. When the scaffolding member 14 is not used, it can be erected vertically and stored.

An operation portion 15 and a grip portion 16 are provided at the upper end portion of the second main body portion 11b. The operation unit 15 includes a plurality of operation levers, and these operation levers are used to perform an instruction operation to the control unit 50. The operating levers include a vehicle body operating lever that controls the movement (direction of travel and turning) and speed of the heavy equipment 10, a loading platform operating lever that controls the inclination of the loading platform 25, and a height operating lever that controls the height of the crushing tool 40. There is an operation lever that operates the operation of the crusher. The grip portion 16 is composed of a pipe formed so as to surround the operation portion 15 so that the operator can grip it, and a pipe that supports the pipe on the second main body portion 11b.

As shown in FIG. 1, the loading platform 25 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11. The loading platform 25 has a box shape with an inclined front side, and has a fulcrum portion 26 rotating around a horizontal axis at a front lower end portion. Further, a hydraulic cylinder 27 shown in FIG. 3 is rotatably attached to the first main body 11a and the loading platform 25 between the center of the upper surface of the first main body 11a of the vehicle body main body 11 and the loading platform 25. There is. By extending the hydraulic cylinder 27, the rear of the loading platform 25 is lifted, the loading platform 25 is tilted, and the contents contained in the loading platform 25 are slid down.

As shown in FIG. 2A, a pair (two) of arms 31 and 32 are provided on the upper surface of the first main body 11a on both sides of the loading platform 25 on the first main body 11a near the side surface of the loading platform 25. It is rotatably fixed. The tips of the arms 31 and 32 are rotatably attached to the fixing members 33 and 34. The fixing members 33 and 34 are detachably attached to the crusher 40.

The tip of the rod 35a of the hydraulic cylinder 35 is fixed to the fixing member 33. Similar to the fixing member 33, the tip of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 36 is fixed to the fixing member 34. The hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36 are rotatably attached to the upper surface of the first main body 11a. Then, the height of the crusher 40 is changed by expanding and contracting the rods 35a of the hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36 and rotating the arms 31 and 32 and the vehicle body body 11 of the hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36 with respect to the first body 11a. Can be done. In the present embodiment, the arms 31, 32, the hydraulic cylinders 35, 36, and the fixing members 33, 34 function as holding members for changing the height of the crusher 40.

In this embodiment, a wall crusher is used as the crusher 40. The crushing tool 40 includes a pair (two) of crushing portions 41 and 42, a hydraulic cylinder 45, and a pair (two) of fixing portions 47 and 48. The crushed portions 41 and 42 are plate members having a shape in which semicircles are connected horizontally. The crushed portions 41 and 42 are rotatably connected at the center thereof via a connecting plate 43. A blade for gripping and crushing the object to be crushed is formed inside the front portions of the crushed portions 41 and 42.

Further, the end portion of the hydraulic cylinder 45 and the tip end portion of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 45 are connected to the rear end portions of the pair of crushing portions 41 and 42, respectively. By separating the rear end portions of the pair of crushing portions 41 and 42 according to the extension of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 45, the crushing portions 41 and 42 are rotated via the connecting plate 43, and the crushing portions 41 , 42 blades are brought closer. As a result, the object to be crushed is grasped and crushed by a pair of blades.

The fixing portions 47 and 48 have an L-shape, and one end is detachably attached to the fixing members 33 and 34 and the other end is detachably attached to the hydraulic cylinder 45. Therefore, the crushing tool 40 is supported by the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11 via the fixing portions 47, 48 and the fixing members 33, 34.

Next, the configuration of the control unit 50 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 50 is connected to the motors 61, 62, 63, 64 and the hydraulic unit 55. The motors 61 to 64 drive each of the wheels 21 to 24 individually. In the present embodiment, as each of the motors 61 to 64, a speed control motor capable of changing the speed and the rotation direction is used. In the present embodiment, each of the motors 61 to 64 is an electric motor that rotates by passing electricity, and is controlled by an electric signal from the control unit 50.

The control unit 50 includes a storage unit in which wheel control data is recorded. The wheel control data is data relating to a switching pattern of the current direction of each of the motors 61 to 64 in order to control the movement (traveling direction and turning) of the heavy machine 10.

The control unit 50 drives the motors 61 to 64 and controls the wheels 21 to 24 by using the wheel control data. By controlling the wheels 21 to 24 by the motors 61 to 64, the heavy machine 10 is moved forward and backward, laterally moved, swiveled around the central axis (vertical axis), and diagonally moved. The control unit 50 adjusts the current value supplied to each of the motors 61 to 64 according to the instruction of the operation unit 15 to adjust the speed of the heavy machine 10.

Further, the control unit 50 controls the hydraulic unit 55. The hydraulic unit 55 is connected to each of the hydraulic cylinders 27, 35, 36, 45 and supplies oil to each of the hydraulic cylinders 27, 35, 36, 45. Therefore, the control unit 50 changes the inclination of the loading platform 25 by controlling the flood pressure supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 27. Further, the height of the crusher 40 is changed by controlling the rotation of the arms 31 and 32 by the hydraulic control to the hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36. Further, the operation of the crushing tool 40 (grasping and crushing the object) is controlled by the hydraulic control to the hydraulic cylinder 45.

The control unit 50 is connected to each operation lever of the operation unit 15. The control unit 50 responds to an instruction from each operation lever of the operation unit 15 to move the heavy machine 10 (advance and turn forward / backward / left / right) and speed, tilt the loading platform 25, the height of the crusher 40, and the crusher 40. Manipulate movements (grasping and crushing).

Next, the operation of the heavy machine 10 having the above-described configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. In this embodiment, it is used when the partition wall 80 shown in FIG. 3 is removed in order to renew (repair, renovate, etc.) a part of the building.

The heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment has a total length of less than 2 m, a width of less than 1 m, and a height of less than 1.5 m. Therefore, it can be mounted on an elevator having a width of 2.0 m, a width of 1.35 m, and a height of 2.3 m, and can be transported to a desired work floor. Further, the heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment can pass through even a passage having a width of about 1 m. In this case, the operator of the heavy equipment 10 rides on the scaffolding member 14 and operates the vehicle body operation lever of the operation unit 15 while gripping the grip portion 16 to move the heavy equipment 10.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the heavy equipment 10 moves along the outer wall 85, the operator gives an instruction to turn on the spot.
Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, the control unit 50 of the heavy equipment 10 rotates the crushing tool 40 of the heavy equipment 10 so as to face the thickness of the partition wall 80. If the center line of the crushing tool 40 is not located on the center line of the partition wall 80 after turning, the center line of the crushing tool 40 is placed on the center line of the partition wall 80 without changing the direction of the heavy machine 10. The heavy machine 10 is moved left and right so as to be positioned.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4C, the heavy machine 10 is advanced so that the partition wall 80 is located between the pair of crushing portions 41 and 42 of the crushing tool 40.
In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the height of the crusher 40 is adjusted so as to be the lower end of the partition wall 80. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 45 of the crushing tool 40 is operated, and the partition wall 80 is gripped and crushed by the blades of the crushing portions 41 and 42 of the crushing tool 40.

After crushing the lower end of the partition wall 80, the crushing tool 40 is placed at a position raised by a predetermined amount, the front and rear positions of the heavy machine 10 are adjusted, and the partition wall 80 is gripped and crushed. In this way, the partition wall 80 is disassembled by repeating crushing a part of the partition wall 80 while changing the position (height) of the crushing tool 40. Further, the heavy machine 10 is advanced to dismantle the back side of the partition wall 80.

After dismantling, the concrete glass is transported. Specifically, the loading platform 25 of the heavy machine 10 accommodates the concrete waste generated by the dismantling of the partition wall 80. Then, the heavy machine 10 is moved and transported to the outside of the concrete glass building.

As shown in FIG. 6, at the galley collection station, the control unit 50 extends the hydraulic cylinders 35 and 36 to raise the crusher 40. Further, the control unit 50 extends the hydraulic cylinder 27 to raise the rear of the loading platform 25 and incline the loading platform 25 as shown by the alternate long and short dash line. As a result, the concrete glass stored in the loading platform 25 is stored in the glass collection point.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment includes wheels 21 to 24 for moving forward / backward / left / right and turning around a central axis (vertical axis), and a crushing tool 40. As a result, since the drive wheels are lightweight, the heavy machine 10 can be used even in a place where the load capacity is low (floor or the like). Further, since the vehicle can move straight and turn on the spot, it can move in any direction even in a narrow place with a small turn. In particular, the crushing tool 40 is disassembled with the partition wall 80 sandwiched between them. Normally, since the partition wall 80 is arranged at a right angle to the passage, the heavy machine 10 can be turned on the spot to perform the dismantling work. Further, since it is supported by the drive wheels, when the crushing tool 40 is twisted to crush the object, the twisting force can be appropriately released. Therefore, when a twisting force is applied to the crushing tool 40, deformation of the support member of the crushing tool 40 can be suppressed.

(2) The heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment is provided with a loading platform 25 on the central upper surface of the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11. As a result, the waste material generated by the dismantling can be accommodated in the loading platform 25 and transported. Therefore, crushing and transportation can be realized by one heavy machine 10.

(3) In the heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment, the crusher 40 is supported by arms 31 and 32 arranged on both sides of the loading platform 25. As a result, since the crusher 40 is supported from both sides, the crusher 40 can be firmly held. Further, loading and unloading from the loading platform 25 can be performed with the crusher 40 attached.

(4) The heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment has a holding member capable of changing the height of the crusher 40. Therefore, the height of the crushing tool 40 can be changed with respect to the object to be dismantled, and the partition wall 80 can be dismantled in a wide range.

(5) In the heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment, the scaffolding member 14 and the operation unit 15 are provided on the second main body portion 11b of the vehicle body main body portion 11. As a result, the operator can board the heavy machine 10 and perform the operation.

(6) In the heavy machine 10 of the present embodiment, the fixing portions 47 and 48 have an L-shape, and one end can be attached to and detached from the fixing members 33 and 34 and the other end can be attached to and detached from the hydraulic cylinder 45. It is attached to. As a result, the dismantling attachment can be replaced according to the work purpose.

Moreover, the said embodiment may be changed as follows.
-In the above embodiment, the heavy machine 10 is operated by the operator riding on the scaffolding member 14 by directly operating the operation unit 15 provided on the vehicle body main body portion 11. The operation of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to the case where the operator directly operates the heavy machine 10, and the operation unit 15 which is separate from the vehicle body main body 11 may be remotely controlled. Specifically, the remote control device and the control unit 50 are connected by wire or wirelessly. Then, using the remote control device, the movement of the heavy machine 10 is controlled while instructing the traveling direction and the turning direction of the heavy machine 10, and the position and operation of the crushing tool 40 are controlled. As a result, the construction machine can be operated away from the place where the heavy machine 10 is dismantling.

-The heavy machine 10 of the above embodiment uses a Mecanum wheel as a drive wheel. The drive wheel of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to the Mecanum wheel as long as it can move at least in a straight line and turn around the central axis by controlling the rotation direction and speed, and is not limited to the Mecanum wheel, but is an omni wheel (registered trademark) or another. A drive mechanism may be used. Here, the number of wheels attached to the heavy machine 10 is not limited to four, for example, three in the case of an omni wheel, as long as it can move straight and turn around the central axis by controlling the rotation direction and speed. You may.
-In the above embodiment, as the motors 61 to 64 for driving the wheels 21 to 24, an electric motor that rotates by passing electricity is used. The method of rotating the motors 61 to 64 is not limited to the electric type, and a hydraulic type can also be used. In the case of this hydraulic type, hydraulic motors that rotate by flowing oil are used as motors 61 to 64.

Further, an avoidance mechanism (for example, a blade for avoiding obstacles) may be provided around the drive wheels to prevent obstacles such as concrete glass fragments from biting into the drive wheels. In this case, a blade is attached to the vehicle body main body 11, and obstacles near the ground are removed from the path by the blade as the heavy machine 10 moves.

The heavy machine 10 of the above embodiment supports the vehicle body body 11 by wheels 21 to 24 as drive wheels. The load of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to the driving wheels, and auxiliary wheels different from the driving wheels may be used. As the auxiliary wheel, an auxiliary wheel that can rotate 360 degrees with respect to the vertical axis is preferable. For example, a universal caster or a spherical tire that can rotate 360 degrees around a vertical axis (vertical axis) is used.

The heavy machine 10 of the above embodiment is provided with a loading platform 25 on the upper surface of the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11. The center of the vehicle body body of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to the case where the loading platform 25 is provided as long as it is a transport area for transporting waste generated during dismantling, tools used for dismantling, and the like.

In the heavy machine 10 of the above embodiment, the crushing tool 40 is fixed to the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11. The position where the crusher 40 is fixed is not limited to the first main body portion 11a, and may be provided, for example, in the second main body portion 11b of the vehicle body main body portion 11 or in the loading platform 25.

In the heavy machine 10 of the above embodiment, the loading platform 25 is arranged on the upper surface of the first main body portion 11a of the vehicle body main body portion 11, and the holding members are arranged at the positions on both sides of the loading platform 25, and the crushing tool 40 is provided by the holding members. It was held detachably. The work attachment supported by the holding member of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to the crushing tool 40, and a tool for cutting or destroying an object such as a breaker (striking type crushing tool) or a crushing tool can also be used. Further, a bucket or the like for scooping an object and loading it on the loading platform 25 may be used. In the former case, a tool suitable for the object to be dismantled can be used. Further, in the latter case, by loading the concrete waste generated by the dismantling work on the loading platform 25, the dismantling work to the transportation work can be efficiently performed.

Further, in the above embodiment, the crusher 40 is supported by a pair (two) of arms, but it may be supported by one arm. In this case, another working attachment may be attached to the other arm. As other work attachments, for example, a breaker for splitting a wall or a bucket for loading is used. In this case, each work attachment is used by individually controlling the hydraulic cylinder that operates each arm.

10 ... Heavy equipment, 11 ... Body body, 11a ... 1st body, 11b ... 2nd body, 12 ... Mounting stand, 13 ... Battery, 14 ... Scaffolding member, 15 ... Operation, 16 ... Grip, 21, 22, 23, 24 ... Wheels, 25 ... Loading platform, 26 ... Supporting points, 27, 35, 36, 45 ... Hydraulic cylinders, 31, 32 ... Arms, 33, 34 ... Fixing members, 35a ... Rods, 40 ... Crushing tools, 41, 42 ... Crushing part, 43 ... Connecting plate, 47, 48 ... Fixed part, 50 ... Control part, 55 ... Hydraulic unit, 61, 62, 63, 64 ... Motor, 80 ... Partition wall, 85 ... Outer wall.

Claims (3)

A body with multiple drive wheels that can individually control the direction of rotation and speed,
A control unit that controls the linear movement of the vehicle body and turning around the central axis by driving the plurality of drive wheels.
Attachments for dismantling used for dismantling objects to be dismantled,
It is provided with a holding member that is attached to the vehicle body body, holds the dismantling attachment, and changes the height of the dismantling attachment .
A loading platform is further attached to the vehicle body.
The holding member includes a pair of arms provided on both sides of the vehicle body and located on the side of the loading platform.
The dismantling attachment is a construction machine located in front of the vehicle body and supported by the pair of arms. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the dismantling attachment is a crushing tool for crushing the dismantling object. The control unit is connected to a remote control device and is connected to the remote control device.
The construction machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit controls the drive of the drive wheels in response to an operation instruction input to the remote control device.

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