JP6894868B2

JP6894868B2 - Spark plug

Info

Publication number: JP6894868B2
Application number: JP2018087916A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 紀彰堀尾
Original assignee: NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Current assignee: NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-04-30
Filing date: 2018-04-30
Publication date: 2021-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-30
Also published as: JP2019194938A

Description

本発明はスパークプラグに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a spark plug.

スパークプラグ（例えば特許文献１）が装着されるエンジンの熱効率を高める研究が活発に行われている。エンジンの熱効率を高めるため、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてスパークプラグを介してエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーは、できるだけ小さくするのが好ましい。 Research is being actively conducted to improve the thermal efficiency of engines equipped with spark plugs (for example, Patent Document 1). In order to increase the thermal efficiency of the engine, it is preferable that the energy generated by the engine and released to the outside of the engine through the spark plug as heat is as small as possible.

特開２０１４−４１７００号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-41700

しかしながら上記従来の技術では、熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーを小さくするための十分な工夫がなされていない。 However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, sufficient measures have not been taken to reduce the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat.

本発明は上述した問題点を解決するためになされたものであり、熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーを小さくできるスパークプラグを提供することを目的としている。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spark plug capable of reducing the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat.

この目的を達成するために本発明のスパークプラグは、先端側から後端側へと軸線に沿って延びる軸孔を有する絶縁体と、軸孔の先端側に配置される中心電極と、軸孔の後端側に配置され、中心電極と電気的に接続される端子金具と、を備えている。端子金具には閉じた空間が形成され、端子金具を構成する材料よりも熱伝導率の低い物質が、その空間に収容されている。 In order to achieve this object, the spark plug of the present invention has an insulator having a shaft hole extending from the front end side to the rear end side along the axis, a center electrode arranged on the tip side of the shaft hole, and a shaft hole. It is provided with a terminal fitting that is arranged on the rear end side and is electrically connected to the center electrode. A closed space is formed in the terminal fitting, and a substance having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is housed in the space.

スパークプラグの端子金具は後端側で高圧ケーブルと接続されるため、中心電極や絶縁体を経由して燃焼室から端子金具に伝導した熱が、高圧ケーブルを通ってエンジンの外に放出され得る。請求項１記載のスパークプラグによれば、中心電極と電気的に接続される端子金具に閉じた空間が形成されるので、比較的熱伝導率の高い材料で形成された端子金具の断面積を空間の断面積の分だけ小さくできる。さらに、端子金具を構成する材料よりも熱伝導率の低い物質がその空間に収容されている。その結果、端子金具に空間が形成されていない場合に比べ、端子金具における熱伝導を抑制できる。また、端子金具に形成された空間は閉じているので、開いた空間が端子金具に形成される場合に比べ、端子金具の表面積を小さくできる。よって、中心電極や絶縁体からの端子金具への熱の移動を抑えることができる。従って、エンジンで発生した熱が高圧ケーブルまで到達し難くなり、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーを小さくできる。
エンジンに取り付けられる筒状の主体金具が絶縁体の外周側に配置される。端子金具の先端は主体金具の後端よりも先端側に位置し、空間は少なくとも主体金具の後端よりも先端側に形成されるので、端子金具のうち熱伝導し難い部位を、より先端側に配置できる。その結果、高圧ケーブルまで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。
請求項２記載のスパークプラグによれば、端子金具は軸線の方向に並ぶ複数の部材が接合部を介して接続されてなる。接合部は、端子金具を構成する複数の部材よりも熱伝導率が低いので、接合部が無い場合に比べ、端子金具における熱伝導をさらに抑制できる。よって、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーを小さくできる。
請求項３記載のスパークプラグによれば、端子金具を構成する材料よりも熱伝導率の低い部材が空間に充填されている。これにより、空間に部材が充填されていない場合に比べ、端子金具の機械的強度を向上できる。 Since the spark plug terminal fittings are connected to the high-voltage cable at the rear end side, the heat conducted from the combustion chamber to the terminal fittings via the center electrode and insulator can be released to the outside of the engine through the high-voltage cable. .. According to the spark plug according to claim 1, since a closed space is formed in the terminal fitting electrically connected to the center electrode, the cross-sectional area of the terminal fitting made of a material having a relatively high thermal conductivity can be obtained. It can be made smaller by the cross-sectional area of the space. Further, a substance having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is housed in the space. As a result, heat conduction in the terminal fitting can be suppressed as compared with the case where no space is formed in the terminal fitting. Further, since the space formed in the terminal fitting is closed, the surface area of the terminal fitting can be reduced as compared with the case where the open space is formed in the terminal fitting. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat from the center electrode or the insulator to the terminal fitting. Therefore, it becomes difficult for the heat generated by the engine to reach the high-voltage cable, and the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat among the energy generated by the engine can be reduced.
A tubular main metal fitting attached to the engine is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator. The tip of the terminal fitting is located on the tip side of the rear end of the main fitting, and the space is formed at least on the tip side of the rear end of the main fitting. Can be placed in. As a result, it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable. Therefore, among the energy generated in the engine, the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat can be further reduced.
According to the spark plug according to claim 2, the terminal fitting is formed by connecting a plurality of members arranged in the axial direction via a joint. Since the joint portion has a lower thermal conductivity than the plurality of members constituting the terminal fitting, the heat conduction in the terminal fitting can be further suppressed as compared with the case where there is no joint portion. Therefore, among the energy generated in the engine, the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat can be reduced.
According to the spark plug according to claim 3, a member having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is filled in the space. As a result, the mechanical strength of the terminal fitting can be improved as compared with the case where the space is not filled with the member.

請求項４記載のスパークプラグよれば、端子金具の空間は少なくとも絶縁体の後端よりも先端側に形成される。これにより、端子金具のうち熱伝導し難い部位を、より先端側に配置できるので、高圧ケーブルまで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、請求項１から３のいずれかの効果に加え、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。 According to the spark plug according to claim 4 , the space of the terminal fitting is formed at least on the tip side of the rear end of the insulator. As a result, the portion of the terminal fitting that is difficult to conduct heat can be arranged closer to the tip side, so that it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable. Therefore, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3, the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat among the energy generated in the engine can be further reduced.

請求項５記載のスパークプラグによれば、端子金具の空間は少なくとも絶縁体の後端の位置に形成される。絶縁体の後端の位置は、絶縁体から端子金具への熱の移動が起こり得る部分のうち、高圧ケーブルに最も近い位置である。そのような位置に、端子金具のうち熱伝導し難い部位を配置することで、高圧ケーブルまで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、請求項１から４のいずれかの効果に加え、エンジンで発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジンの外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。 According to the spark plug according to claim 5 , the space of the terminal fitting is formed at least at the position of the rear end of the insulator. The position of the rear end of the insulator is the position closest to the high-voltage cable in the portion where heat transfer from the insulator to the terminal fitting can occur. By arranging a portion of the terminal fitting that is difficult to conduct heat at such a position, it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable. Therefore, in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 4, the energy released to the outside of the engine as heat among the energy generated in the engine can be further reduced.

第１実施の形態におけるスパークプラグの片側断面図である。It is one side sectional view of the spark plug in 1st Embodiment. 第２実施の形態におけるスパークプラグの片側断面図である。It is one side sectional view of the spark plug in 2nd Embodiment. 第３実施の形態におけるスパークプラグの片側断面図である。It is one side sectional view of the spark plug in 3rd Embodiment. 第４実施の形態におけるスパークプラグの片側断面図である。It is one side sectional view of the spark plug in 4th Embodiment.

以下、本発明の好ましい実施形態について添付図面を参照して説明する。図１は第１実施の形態におけるスパークプラグ１０の軸線Ｏを境にして片方を断面図とし、もう片方を外形図としたスパークプラグ１０の片側断面図である。図１では、紙面下側をスパークプラグ１０の先端側、紙面上側をスパークプラグ１０の後端側という（図２から図４においても同じ）。図１では、外形図のうち絶縁体１１及び端子金具３０の一部（後端側の部分）は断面が図示されている。図１に示すようにスパークプラグ１０は、絶縁体１１、中心電極２０、端子金具３０及び主体金具４０を備えている。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one side of the spark plug 10 with one side as a cross-sectional view and the other as an external view with the axis O of the spark plug 10 as a boundary in the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, the lower side of the paper surface is referred to as the front end side of the spark plug 10, and the upper side of the paper surface is referred to as the rear end side of the spark plug 10 (the same applies to FIGS. 2 to 4). In FIG. 1, a cross section of a part (rear end side portion) of the insulator 11 and the terminal fitting 30 in the external view is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the spark plug 10 includes an insulator 11, a center electrode 20, a terminal metal fitting 30, and a main metal fitting 40.

絶縁体１１は、高温下の絶縁性や機械的特性に優れるアルミナ等により形成された略円筒状の部材である。絶縁体１１は、軸線Ｏに沿って軸孔１２が貫通する。軸孔１２には、先端側に中心電極２０が配置され、後端側に端子金具３０が配置される。中心電極２０は軸線Ｏに沿って絶縁体１１に保持される棒状の電極である。端子金具３０は高圧ケーブル（図示せず）が接続される棒状の部材であり、導電性を有する金属材料（例えば低炭素鋼等）によって形成されている。導電性ガラスや抵抗体などの導電性を有する部材によって、中心電極２０と端子金具３０とは軸孔１２内で電気的に接続されている。 The insulator 11 is a substantially cylindrical member made of alumina or the like, which is excellent in insulating properties and mechanical properties at high temperatures. A shaft hole 12 penetrates the insulator 11 along the axis O. In the shaft hole 12, the center electrode 20 is arranged on the front end side, and the terminal metal fitting 30 is arranged on the rear end side. The center electrode 20 is a rod-shaped electrode held by the insulator 11 along the axis O. The terminal fitting 30 is a rod-shaped member to which a high-voltage cable (not shown) is connected, and is made of a conductive metal material (for example, low carbon steel). The center electrode 20 and the terminal fitting 30 are electrically connected in the shaft hole 12 by a conductive member such as conductive glass or a resistor.

端子金具３０は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２内に配置される軸部３１と、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側に突出する端子部３２と、を備えている。端子部３２に高圧ケーブル（図示せず）が接続される。本実施形態では、端子金具３０は冷間鍛造や粉末冶金などによって軸部３１及び端子部３２が一体に成形されている。端子金具３０には、軸部３１から端子部３２まで連なる閉じた空間３３が形成されている。 The terminal fitting 30 includes a shaft portion 31 arranged in the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11, and a terminal portion 32 protruding toward the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. A high-voltage cable (not shown) is connected to the terminal portion 32. In the present embodiment, the terminal metal fitting 30 has a shaft portion 31 and a terminal portion 32 integrally formed by cold forging, powder metallurgy, or the like. The terminal fitting 30 is formed with a closed space 33 that is continuous from the shaft portion 31 to the terminal portion 32.

端子金具３０の空間３３は、軸線Ｏに沿って、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側の部位から絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側の部位まで延びている。空間３３には、端子金具３０を構成する材料（本実施形態では低炭素鋼等）の熱伝導率よりも熱伝導率が低い空気が収容されている。空間３３は端子金具３０の軸線Ｏを含む部位に形成されるので、軸線Ｏに垂直な空間３３の断面積を大きくしつつ、空間３３の外側の径方向の端子金具３０の肉厚を確保できる。よって、端子金具３０の機械的強度を確保できる。 The space 33 of the terminal fitting 30 extends along the axis O from a portion on the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11 to a portion on the front end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. The space 33 contains air having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material (low carbon steel or the like in this embodiment) constituting the terminal fitting 30. Since the space 33 is formed at a portion of the terminal fitting 30 including the axis O, it is possible to secure the wall thickness of the terminal fitting 30 in the radial direction outside the space 33 while increasing the cross-sectional area of the space 33 perpendicular to the axis O. .. Therefore, the mechanical strength of the terminal fitting 30 can be ensured.

主体金具４０は、導電性を有する金属材料（例えば低炭素鋼等）によって形成される略円筒状の部材であり、絶縁体１１の外周側に配置される。主体金具４０は、絶縁体１１の先端側に配置される先端部４１と、先端部４１の後端側に隣接する後端部４２と、を備えている。後端部４２の直径は先端部４１の直径よりも大きい。先端部４１は外周におねじ４３が形成されている。後端部４２の先端にガスケット４５が配置されている。ガスケット４５は、金属材料（例えば銅を主成分とする合金）によって形成される円環状の部材である。 The main metal fitting 40 is a substantially cylindrical member formed of a conductive metal material (for example, low carbon steel or the like), and is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 11. The main metal fitting 40 includes a tip portion 41 arranged on the tip end side of the insulator 11, and a rear end portion 42 adjacent to the rear end side of the tip end portion 41. The diameter of the rear end portion 42 is larger than the diameter of the front end portion 41. A screw 43 is formed on the outer periphery of the tip portion 41. A gasket 45 is arranged at the tip of the rear end portion 42. The gasket 45 is an annular member formed of a metal material (for example, an alloy containing copper as a main component).

絶縁体１１の外周側に主体金具４０が配置された状態で、絶縁体１１の後端側は、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも後端側に突出する。端子金具３０の先端３４は、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に位置し、ガスケット４５の先端４６よりも後端側に位置する。端子金具３０の空間３３は、軸線Ｏに沿って、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側の部位から絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側の部位まで延びている。 With the main metal fitting 40 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 11, the rear end side of the insulator 11 projects toward the rear end side of the rear end 44 of the main metal fitting 40. The tip 34 of the terminal fitting 30 is located closer to the tip side than the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40, and is located closer to the rear end side than the tip 46 of the gasket 45. The space 33 of the terminal fitting 30 extends along the axis O from a portion on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40 to a portion on the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11.

主体金具４０は、エンジン５０に形成されたねじ穴５１に先端部４１のおねじ４３がかみ合い、先端部４１がねじ穴５１の内側に配置され、後端部４２がエンジン５０の外側に配置される。ガスケット４５は、エンジン５０と後端部４２との間に挟まれて、エンジン５０のねじ穴５１からの燃焼ガスの漏洩を防ぐ。主体金具４０の先端側に接地電極４７が接続されている。接地電極４７は、棒状の金属製（例えばニッケル基合金製）の部材である。接地電極４７は、間隙（火花ギャップ）を介して中心電極２０と対向し、エンジン５０の燃焼室５２内に配置される。エンジン５０は冷却装置（図示せず）によって冷やされる。 In the main metal fitting 40, the screw 43 of the tip 41 is engaged with the screw hole 51 formed in the engine 50, the tip 41 is arranged inside the screw hole 51, and the rear end 42 is arranged outside the engine 50. To. The gasket 45 is sandwiched between the engine 50 and the rear end portion 42 to prevent leakage of combustion gas from the screw hole 51 of the engine 50. A ground electrode 47 is connected to the tip end side of the main metal fitting 40. The ground electrode 47 is a rod-shaped metal member (for example, made of a nickel-based alloy). The ground electrode 47 faces the center electrode 20 via a gap (spark gap) and is arranged in the combustion chamber 52 of the engine 50. The engine 50 is cooled by a cooling device (not shown).

エンジン５０の熱効率を高めるためには、エンジン５０が発生したエネルギーのうち動力や電力などに変換されずに熱として消費されるエネルギーを抑制する必要がある。そのため、エンジン５０に装着されるスパークプラグ１０が熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーは、できるだけ小さくするのが好ましい。 In order to increase the thermal efficiency of the engine 50, it is necessary to suppress the energy consumed as heat without being converted into power or electric power among the energy generated by the engine 50. Therefore, it is preferable that the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat by the spark plug 10 mounted on the engine 50 is as small as possible.

スパークプラグ１０は、エンジン５０の燃焼室５２に一部が露出する中心電極２０及び絶縁体１１が加熱される。加熱された中心電極２０や絶縁体１１は、吸気混合気および中心電極２０や絶縁体１１の先端側から後端側への熱の移動によって冷却される。中心電極２０や絶縁体１１の先端側から後端側へ移動した熱は、絶縁体１１から主体金具４０を通ってエンジン５０に一部が伝わり、端子金具３０に一部が伝わる。端子金具３０は端子部３２に高圧ケーブル（図示せず）が接続されるため、中心電極２０や絶縁体１１を経由して燃焼室から端子金具３０に伝導した熱が、高圧ケーブルを通ってエンジン５０の外に放出され得る。 In the spark plug 10, the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11 which are partially exposed to the combustion chamber 52 of the engine 50 are heated. The heated center electrode 20 and insulator 11 are cooled by the intake air-fuel mixture and the heat transfer from the front end side to the rear end side of the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11. Part of the heat transferred from the front end side to the rear end side of the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11 is transferred from the insulator 11 to the engine 50 through the main metal fitting 40, and a part of the heat is transferred to the terminal metal fitting 30. Since a high-pressure cable (not shown) is connected to the terminal portion 32 of the terminal fitting 30, heat conducted from the combustion chamber to the terminal fitting 30 via the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11 passes through the high-pressure cable to the engine. Can be released out of 50.

スパークプラグ１０の端子金具３０には閉じた空間３３が形成されているので、端子金具３０の軸線Ｏに垂直な断面積を空間３３の断面積の分だけ小さくできる。さらに、端子金具３０を構成する比較的熱伝導率の高い材料よりも熱伝導率の低い物質（本実施形態では空気）がその空間３３に収容されているので、端子金具３０に空間３３が形成されていない場合に比べ、端子金具３０における熱伝導を抑制できる。 Since the closed space 33 is formed in the terminal fitting 30 of the spark plug 10, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis O of the terminal fitting 30 can be reduced by the cross-sectional area of the space 33. Further, since a substance having a lower thermal conductivity (air in the present embodiment) than the material having a relatively high thermal conductivity constituting the terminal fitting 30 is housed in the space 33, the space 33 is formed in the terminal fitting 30. It is possible to suppress the heat conduction in the terminal fitting 30 as compared with the case where it is not provided.

また、空間３３は閉じているので、開いた空間が端子金具３０に形成される場合に比べて端子金具３０の表面積を小さくできる。よって、中心電極２０や絶縁体１１からの端子金具３０への熱の移動を抑えることができる。その結果、エンジン５０で発生した熱が高圧ケーブル（端子部３２）まで到達し難くなり、エンジン５０で発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーを小さくできる。従って、スパークプラグ１０はエンジン５０の熱効率の向上に寄与する。 Further, since the space 33 is closed, the surface area of the terminal fitting 30 can be reduced as compared with the case where the open space is formed in the terminal fitting 30. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat from the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11 to the terminal fitting 30. As a result, the heat generated by the engine 50 is less likely to reach the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 32), and the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat among the energy generated by the engine 50 can be reduced. Therefore, the spark plug 10 contributes to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the engine 50.

なお、端子金具３０に形成される空間３３は、完全に密閉された空間という意味ではなく、熱伝達（対流）による熱の移動に影響しない（空気の流出入による対流が生じない）程度の大きさの穴や隙間を通して空間３３の外と繋がっていても構わない。 The space 33 formed in the terminal fitting 30 does not mean a completely sealed space, and is large enough not to affect the heat transfer due to heat transfer (convection) (convection does not occur due to the inflow and outflow of air). It may be connected to the outside of the space 33 through a hole or a gap.

端子金具３０の空間３３は少なくとも絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側に形成されるので、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側に配置される端子金具３０の軸部３１の断面積を、空間３３の断面積の分だけ小さくできる。端子金具３０のうち熱伝導し難い部位を、より先端側に配置できるので、高圧ケーブル（端子部３２）まで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、エンジン５０で発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。 Since the space 33 of the terminal fitting 30 is formed at least on the tip side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11, the cross-sectional area of the shaft portion 31 of the terminal fitting 30 arranged on the tip side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11 Can be reduced by the amount of the cross-sectional area of the space 33. Since the portion of the terminal fitting 30 that is difficult to conduct heat can be arranged closer to the tip side, it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 32). Therefore, of the energy generated by the engine 50, the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat can be further reduced.

端子金具３０の空間３３は少なくとも絶縁体１１の後端１３の位置に形成されるので、絶縁体１１の後端１３の位置における端子金具３０の断面積を空間３３の断面積の分だけ小さくできる。絶縁体１１の後端１３の位置は、絶縁体１１から端子金具３０への熱の移動が起こり得る部分のうち、高圧ケーブル（端子部３２）に最も近い位置である。そのような位置に、端子金具３０のうち熱伝導し難い部位を配置することで、高圧ケーブルまで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、エンジン５０で発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。 Since the space 33 of the terminal fitting 30 is formed at least at the position of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11, the cross-sectional area of the terminal fitting 30 at the position of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11 can be reduced by the cross-sectional area of the space 33. .. The position of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11 is the position closest to the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 32) among the portions where heat transfer from the insulator 11 to the terminal fitting 30 can occur. By arranging a portion of the terminal fitting 30 that is difficult to conduct heat at such a position, it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable. Therefore, of the energy generated by the engine 50, the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat can be further reduced.

端子金具３０の先端３４は主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に位置し、空間３３は少なくとも主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に形成される。これにより、端子金具３０のうち熱伝導し難い部位を、より先端側に配置できるので、高圧ケーブル（端子部３２）まで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。よって、エンジン５０で発生したエネルギーのうち熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーをさらに小さくできる。 The tip 34 of the terminal fitting 30 is located on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40, and the space 33 is formed at least on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40. As a result, the portion of the terminal fitting 30 that is difficult to conduct heat can be arranged closer to the tip side, so that it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 32). Therefore, of the energy generated by the engine 50, the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat can be further reduced.

図２を参照して第２実施の形態について説明する。第１実施形態では、軸部３１及び端子部３２が一体に成形された端子金具３０について説明した。これに対し第２実施形態では、軸部６２と端子部６３とが別々に形成される場合について説明する。なお、第１実施形態で説明した部分と同一の部分については、同一の符号を付して以下の説明を省略する。図２は第２実施の形態におけるスパークプラグ６０の片側断面図である。図２では、スパークプラグ６０の下端側の部分の図示が省略されている（図３及び図４においても同じ）。 The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the terminal fitting 30 in which the shaft portion 31 and the terminal portion 32 are integrally formed has been described. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the case where the shaft portion 62 and the terminal portion 63 are formed separately will be described. The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the following description will be omitted. FIG. 2 is a one-sided cross-sectional view of the spark plug 60 according to the second embodiment. In FIG. 2, the illustration of the lower end side portion of the spark plug 60 is omitted (the same applies to FIGS. 3 and 4).

スパークプラグ６０は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２の後端側に、中心電極２０（図１参照）と電気的に接続された端子金具６１が配置されている。端子金具６１は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２内に配置される軸部６２と、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側に突出する端子部６３と、を備えている。軸部６２及び端子部６３は、導電性を有する金属材料（例えば低炭素鋼等）によって形成されている。 In the spark plug 60, a terminal fitting 61 electrically connected to the center electrode 20 (see FIG. 1) is arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11. The terminal fitting 61 includes a shaft portion 62 arranged in the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11, and a terminal portion 63 protruding toward the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. The shaft portion 62 and the terminal portion 63 are formed of a conductive metal material (for example, low carbon steel or the like).

本実施形態では、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側に軸部６２の一部が突出し、その部分におねじが形成されている。端子部６３に形成されためねじに軸部６２のおねじを嵌め、端子部６３が軸部６２に固定される。端子金具６１の軸部６２は有底円筒状であり、軸線Ｏに沿って後端側から先端側へと延びる空間６４が形成されている。軸部６２に端子部６３を取り付けると、端子金具６１に閉じた空間６４が形成される。空間６４には、軸部６２を構成する材料（本実施形態では低炭素鋼等）の熱伝導率よりも熱伝導率が低い部材６５（例えば断熱材）が充填されている。部材６５は、繊維系断熱材料、多孔質材料などによって形成される。 In the present embodiment, a part of the shaft portion 62 protrudes toward the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11, and a screw is formed in that portion. Since it is formed on the terminal portion 63, the screw of the shaft portion 62 is fitted into the screw, and the terminal portion 63 is fixed to the shaft portion 62. The shaft portion 62 of the terminal fitting 61 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and a space 64 extending from the rear end side to the front end side along the axis O is formed. When the terminal portion 63 is attached to the shaft portion 62, a closed space 64 is formed in the terminal fitting 61. The space 64 is filled with a member 65 (for example, a heat insulating material) having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material (low carbon steel or the like in this embodiment) constituting the shaft portion 62. The member 65 is formed of a fiber-based heat insulating material, a porous material, or the like.

絶縁体１１の外周側に主体金具４０が配置された状態で、端子金具６１の先端６６は、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に位置し、ガスケット４５の先端４６よりも後端側に位置する。端子金具６１の空間６４は、軸線Ｏに沿って、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側の部位から絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側の部位まで延びている。 With the main metal fitting 40 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 11, the tip 66 of the terminal metal fitting 61 is located closer to the tip side than the rear end 44 of the main metal fitting 40, and is closer to the rear end side than the tip 46 of the gasket 45. Located in. The space 64 of the terminal fitting 61 extends along the axis O from a portion on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40 to a portion on the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11.

第２実施形態によれば、端子金具６１に閉じた空間６４が形成されるので、端子金具６１の軸線Ｏに垂直な断面積を空間６４の断面積の分だけ小さくできる。端子金具６１を構成する材料よりも熱伝導率の低い部材６５が空間６４に収容されているので、端子金具６１に空間６４が形成されていない場合に比べ、端子金具６１における熱伝導を抑制できる。さらに空間６４は閉じているので、開いた空間が端子金具６１に形成される場合に比べて端子金具６１の表面積を小さくできる。よって、中心電極２０や絶縁体１１からの端子金具３０への熱の移動を抑えることができる。その結果、エンジン５０（図１参照）で発生した熱が高圧ケーブル（端子部６３）まで到達し難くなる。よって、第１実施形態と同様に、熱としてエンジン５０の外に放出するエネルギーを小さくできる。 According to the second embodiment, since the closed space 64 is formed in the terminal fitting 61, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis O of the terminal fitting 61 can be reduced by the cross-sectional area of the space 64. Since the member 65 having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting 61 is housed in the space 64, the heat conduction in the terminal fitting 61 can be suppressed as compared with the case where the space 64 is not formed in the terminal fitting 61. .. Further, since the space 64 is closed, the surface area of the terminal fitting 61 can be reduced as compared with the case where the open space is formed in the terminal fitting 61. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the transfer of heat from the center electrode 20 and the insulator 11 to the terminal fitting 30. As a result, it becomes difficult for the heat generated in the engine 50 (see FIG. 1) to reach the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 63). Therefore, as in the first embodiment, the energy released to the outside of the engine 50 as heat can be reduced.

端子金具６１は空間６４に部材６５が充填されているので、空間６４に部材６５が充填されていない場合に比べ、端子金具６１の機械的強度を向上できる。また、端子金具６１は軸部６２と端子部６３とが別々に形成されるので、比較的容易に軸部６２に空間６４を形成できる。端子部６３が軸部６２に取り付けられる以前は、空間６４の軸部６２の後端が開放されているので、空間６４に部材６５を容易に充填できる。端子部６３が軸部６２に取り付けられると、閉じた空間６４が形成され、さらに空間６４から部材６５が脱落しないようにできる。 Since the space 64 of the terminal fitting 61 is filled with the member 65, the mechanical strength of the terminal fitting 61 can be improved as compared with the case where the space 64 is not filled with the member 65. Further, since the shaft portion 62 and the terminal portion 63 are formed separately in the terminal fitting 61, the space 64 can be formed in the shaft portion 62 relatively easily. Before the terminal portion 63 is attached to the shaft portion 62, the rear end of the shaft portion 62 of the space 64 is open, so that the space 64 can be easily filled with the member 65. When the terminal portion 63 is attached to the shaft portion 62, a closed space 64 is formed, and the member 65 can be prevented from falling out of the space 64.

本実施形態では、ねじによって軸部６２に端子部６３を固定する場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。例えば、軸部６２や端子部６３の一部を塑性変形させることにより軸部６２に端子部６３を固定するものに代えることは当然可能である。 In the present embodiment, the case where the terminal portion 63 is fixed to the shaft portion 62 by a screw has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, it is naturally possible to replace the terminal portion 63 with one that is fixed to the shaft portion 62 by plastically deforming a part of the shaft portion 62 or the terminal portion 63.

図３を参照して第３実施の形態について説明する。第１実施形態および第２実施形態では、軸部３１，６２が単一の部材によって形成される端子金具３０，６１について説明した。これに対し第３実施形態では、複数の部材によって軸部７２が形成される場合について説明する。なお、第１実施形態で説明した部分と同一の部分については、同一の符号を付して以下の説明を省略する。図３は第３実施の形態におけるスパークプラグ７０の片側断面図である。 The third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the terminal fittings 30 and 61 in which the shaft portions 31 and 62 are formed of a single member have been described. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, a case where the shaft portion 72 is formed by a plurality of members will be described. The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the following description will be omitted. FIG. 3 is a one-sided cross-sectional view of the spark plug 70 according to the third embodiment.

スパークプラグ７０は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２の後端側に、中心電極２０（図１参照）と電気的に接続された端子金具７１が配置されている。端子金具７１は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２内に配置される軸部７２と、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側に突出する端子部７６と、を備えている。軸部７２は、第１部材７３、及び、第１部材７３の後端側に配置される第２部材７４の２部材からなり、第１部材７３及び第２部材７４は接合部７５を介して接続されている。第２部材７４は端子部７６が一体に成形されている。第１部材７３及び第２部材７４は、導電性を有する金属材料（例えば低炭素鋼等）によって形成されている。 In the spark plug 70, a terminal fitting 71 electrically connected to the center electrode 20 (see FIG. 1) is arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11. The terminal fitting 71 includes a shaft portion 72 arranged in the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11, and a terminal portion 76 protruding toward the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. The shaft portion 72 is composed of two members, a first member 73 and a second member 74 arranged on the rear end side of the first member 73, and the first member 73 and the second member 74 pass through the joint portion 75. It is connected. The terminal portion 76 of the second member 74 is integrally formed. The first member 73 and the second member 74 are formed of a conductive metal material (for example, low carbon steel or the like).

第１部材７３は、先端側に底がある有底円筒状の部材である。第２部材７４は、端子部７６を底とする有底円筒状の部材である。本実施形態では、レーザを用いた第１部材７３と第２部材７４との突合せ溶接により接合部７５（溶融部）が形成されている。接合部７５の熱伝導率は、第１部材７３及び第２部材７４を構成する材料の熱伝導率よりも低い。接合部７５によって第１部材７３と第２部材７４とが接続され、端子金具７１の内部に閉じた空間７７が形成される。接合部７５は、軸部７２の外面７２ａ及び内面７２ｂに露出する径方向の長さがあり、軸部７２の全周に亘って形成されている。空間７７には、端子金具７１を構成する材料の熱伝導率よりも熱伝導率が低い空気が収容されている。 The first member 73 is a bottomed cylindrical member having a bottom on the tip side. The second member 74 is a bottomed cylindrical member having a terminal portion 76 as a bottom. In the present embodiment, the joint portion 75 (melted portion) is formed by butt welding of the first member 73 and the second member 74 using a laser. The thermal conductivity of the joint portion 75 is lower than the thermal conductivity of the materials constituting the first member 73 and the second member 74. The first member 73 and the second member 74 are connected by the joint portion 75, and a closed space 77 is formed inside the terminal fitting 71. The joint portion 75 has a radial length exposed on the outer surface 72a and the inner surface 72b of the shaft portion 72, and is formed over the entire circumference of the shaft portion 72. The space 77 contains air having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material constituting the terminal fitting 71.

接合部７５は、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側に位置する。絶縁体１１の外周側に主体金具４０が配置された状態で、端子金具７１の先端７８は、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に位置し、ガスケット４５の先端４６よりも後端側に位置する。端子金具７１の空間７７は、軸線Ｏに沿って、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側の部位から絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側の部位まで延びている。 The joint portion 75 is located on the distal end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. With the main metal fitting 40 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 11, the tip 78 of the terminal metal fitting 71 is located closer to the tip side than the rear end 44 of the main metal fitting 40, and is closer to the rear end side than the tip 46 of the gasket 45. Located in. The space 77 of the terminal fitting 71 extends along the axis O from a portion on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40 to a portion on the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11.

第３実施形態によれば、軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ第１部材７３及び第２部材７４を接続する接合部７５の熱伝導率が、第１部材７３及び第２部材７４を構成する部材の熱伝導率よりも低いので、接合部７５が無い場合に比べ、端子金具７１における熱伝導をさらに抑制できる。さらに、接合部７５は絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側に存在するので、熱伝導し難い部位（接合部７５）を、より先端側に配置できる。その結果、高圧ケーブル（端子部７６）まで熱がさらに到達し難くなる。 According to the third embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the joint portion 75 connecting the first member 73 and the second member 74 arranged in the direction of the axis O is the heat of the members constituting the first member 73 and the second member 74. Since it is lower than the conductivity, the heat conduction in the terminal fitting 71 can be further suppressed as compared with the case where the joint portion 75 is not provided. Further, since the joint portion 75 exists on the distal end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11, a portion (joint portion 75) that is difficult to conduct heat can be arranged on the distal end side. As a result, it becomes more difficult for heat to reach the high-voltage cable (terminal portion 76).

接合部７５によって第１部材７３と第２部材７４とを接続することにより空間７７が形成されるので、比較的容易に軸部７２に空間７７を形成できる。また、接合部７５は、軸部７２の外面７２ａから内面７２ｂまで到達し、軸部７２の全周に亘って形成されているので、第１部材７３から第２部材７４へ移動する熱は、必ず接合部７５を通る。これにより、接合部７５による熱伝導の抑制効果を高めることができる。但し、これに限られるものではなく、軸部７２の厚さ方向の一部に接合部７５を形成したり、軸部７２の周方向の一部に接合部７５を形成したりすることは当然可能である。接合部７５が軸部７２に形成されることにより、軸部７２のうち接合部７５以外の部位の断面積を小さくできるので、軸部７２による熱伝導を抑制できるからである。 Since the space 77 is formed by connecting the first member 73 and the second member 74 by the joint portion 75, the space 77 can be formed in the shaft portion 72 relatively easily. Further, since the joint portion 75 reaches from the outer surface 72a to the inner surface 72b of the shaft portion 72 and is formed over the entire circumference of the shaft portion 72, the heat transferred from the first member 73 to the second member 74 is generated. Be sure to pass through the joint 75. As a result, the effect of suppressing heat conduction by the joint portion 75 can be enhanced. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is natural that the joint portion 75 is formed in a part of the shaft portion 72 in the thickness direction or the joint portion 75 is formed in a part of the circumferential direction of the shaft portion 72. It is possible. This is because the joint portion 75 is formed on the shaft portion 72, so that the cross-sectional area of the portion of the shaft portion 72 other than the joint portion 75 can be reduced, so that heat conduction by the shaft portion 72 can be suppressed.

本実施形態では、レーザ溶接によって第１部材７３と第２部材７４とを接合する場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。例えば、抵抗溶接、アーク溶接、ろう付け、接着剤による接合などによって、第１部材７３と第２部材７４との間に、熱伝導率の低い接合部７５を形成することは当然可能である。 In the present embodiment, the case where the first member 73 and the second member 74 are joined by laser welding has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. For example, it is naturally possible to form a joint portion 75 having a low thermal conductivity between the first member 73 and the second member 74 by resistance welding, arc welding, brazing, joining with an adhesive, or the like.

図４を参照して第４実施の形態について説明する。第３実施形態では、有底円筒状の第１部材７３を用いて端子金具７１を形成する場合について説明した。これに対し第４実施形態では、円柱状の第１部材８３を用いて端子金具８１が形成される場合について説明する。なお、第１実施形態で説明した部分と同一の部分については、同一の符号を付して以下の説明を省略する。図４は第４実施の形態におけるスパークプラグ８０の片側断面図である。 A fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the third embodiment, the case where the terminal fitting 71 is formed by using the bottomed cylindrical first member 73 has been described. On the other hand, in the fourth embodiment, the case where the terminal fitting 81 is formed by using the columnar first member 83 will be described. The same parts as those described in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the following description will be omitted. FIG. 4 is a one-sided cross-sectional view of the spark plug 80 according to the fourth embodiment.

スパークプラグ８０は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２の後端側に、中心電極２０（図１参照）と電気的に接続された端子金具８１が配置されている。端子金具８１は、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２内に配置される軸部８２と、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側に突出する端子部８６と、を備えている。軸部８２は、第１部材８３、及び、第１部材８３の後端側に配置される第２部材８４の２部材からなり、第１部材８３及び第２部材８４は接合部８５を介して接続されている。第２部材８４は端子部８６が一体に成形されている。第１部材８３及び第２部材８４は、導電性を有する金属材料（例えば低炭素鋼等）によって形成されている。 In the spark plug 80, a terminal fitting 81 electrically connected to the center electrode 20 (see FIG. 1) is arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11. The terminal fitting 81 includes a shaft portion 82 arranged in the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11, and a terminal portion 86 projecting toward the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. The shaft portion 82 is composed of two members, a first member 83 and a second member 84 arranged on the rear end side of the first member 83, and the first member 83 and the second member 84 are interposed via a joint portion 85. It is connected. The terminal portion 86 of the second member 84 is integrally formed. The first member 83 and the second member 84 are formed of a conductive metal material (for example, low carbon steel or the like).

第１部材８３は円柱状の部材である。第２部材８４は、端子部８６を底とする有底円筒状の部材である。本実施形態では、導電性ガラスによって第１部材８３と第２部材８４との間に接合部８５が形成されている。 The first member 83 is a columnar member. The second member 84 is a bottomed cylindrical member having a terminal portion 86 as a bottom. In the present embodiment, the joint portion 85 is formed between the first member 83 and the second member 84 by the conductive glass.

ここで、接合部８５を形成する方法について説明する。まず、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２の先端側に中心電極２０（図１参照）を配置する。次いで、導電性ガラスの原料粉末であるガラス粉末と導電性粉末とを含有する組成物を中心電極２０の周りに充填した後、その後端側に抵抗体の原料粉末を充填する。次に、その後端側に導電性ガラスの原料粉末であるガラス粉末と導電性粉末とを含有する組成物を充填した後、第１部材８３を軸孔１２に入れる。次いで、絶縁体１１を加熱し、軸孔１２に挿入したプレスピン（図示せず）によって第１部材８３を軸線Ｏ方向へ押し、軸孔１２内の各種粉末を熱間圧縮する。 Here, a method of forming the joint portion 85 will be described. First, the center electrode 20 (see FIG. 1) is arranged on the tip end side of the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11. Next, a composition containing the glass powder, which is the raw material powder of the conductive glass, and the conductive powder is filled around the center electrode 20, and then the raw material powder of the resistor is filled on the rear end side. Next, the rear end side is filled with a composition containing glass powder, which is a raw material powder for conductive glass, and conductive powder, and then the first member 83 is inserted into the shaft hole 12. Next, the insulator 11 is heated, the first member 83 is pushed in the axis O direction by a press pin (not shown) inserted into the shaft hole 12, and various powders in the shaft hole 12 are hot-compressed.

絶縁体１１の加熱を止め、第１部材８３の後端側に、接合部８５の原料粉末であるガラス粉末と導電性粉末とを含有する組成物を充填する。ガラス粉末としては、例えばＢ_２Ｏ_３−ＳｉＯ_２系、ＢａＯ−Ｂ_２Ｏ_３系、ＳｉＯ_２−Ｂ_２Ｏ_３−ＣａＯ−ＢａＯ系などの材料が採用され得る。導電性粉末としては、例えば炭素粒子（カーボンブラック等）、ＴｉＣ粒子、ＴｉＮ粒子などの非金属導電性材料や、Ａｌ，Ｍｇ，Ｔｉ，Ｚｒ及びＺｎ等の金属が採用され得る。 The heating of the insulator 11 is stopped, and the rear end side of the first member 83 is filled with a composition containing glass powder and conductive powder, which are raw material powders of the joint portion 85. As the glass powder, for example, _B 2 _O 3 -SiO ₂ -based, _BaO-B 2 _{O 3} based _material such as _{_{SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -CaO-}} BaO system can be employed. As the conductive powder, for example, non-metal conductive materials such as carbon particles (carbon black and the like), TiC particles and TiN particles, and metals such as Al, Mg, Ti, Zr and Zn can be adopted.

次いで、絶縁体１１の軸孔１２に第２部材８４を挿入し、接合部８５の原料粉末に第２部材８４を接触させた後、高周波誘導加熱によって第２部材８４を加熱し、接合部８５の原料粉末を第１部材８３及び第２部材８４に溶着させる。これにより、接合部８５を介して第１部材８３と第２部材８４とが接続され、第２部材８４の内側に閉じた空間８７が形成された端子金具８１が得られる。 Next, the second member 84 is inserted into the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11, the second member 84 is brought into contact with the raw material powder of the joint portion 85, and then the second member 84 is heated by high frequency induction heating to heat the joint portion 85. Raw material powder is welded to the first member 83 and the second member 84. As a result, the terminal fitting 81 in which the first member 83 and the second member 84 are connected via the joint portion 85 and a closed space 87 is formed inside the second member 84 can be obtained.

空間８７には、端子金具８１を構成する材料の熱伝導率よりも熱伝導率が低い空気が収容されている。接合部８５の熱伝導率は、第１部材８３及び第２部材８４を構成する材料の熱伝導率よりも低い。接合部８５は、軸線Ｏに垂直な軸孔１２の断面の全体に形成されている。 The space 87 contains air having a thermal conductivity lower than that of the material constituting the terminal fitting 81. The thermal conductivity of the joint portion 85 is lower than the thermal conductivity of the materials constituting the first member 83 and the second member 84. The joint 85 is formed over the entire cross section of the shaft hole 12 perpendicular to the axis O.

接合部８５は、絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも先端側に位置する。絶縁体１１の外周側に主体金具４０が配置された状態で、端子金具８１の先端８８は、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側に位置し、ガスケット４５の先端４６よりも後端側に位置する。端子金具８１の空間８７は、軸線Ｏに沿って、主体金具４０の後端４４よりも先端側の部位から絶縁体１１の後端１３よりも後端側の部位まで延びている。 The joint portion 85 is located on the distal end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11. With the main metal fitting 40 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator 11, the tip 88 of the terminal metal fitting 81 is located closer to the tip side than the rear end 44 of the main metal fitting 40, and is closer to the rear end side than the tip 46 of the gasket 45. Located in. The space 87 of the terminal fitting 81 extends along the axis O from a portion on the front end side of the rear end 44 of the main fitting 40 to a portion on the rear end side of the rear end 13 of the insulator 11.

第４実施形態によれば、軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ第１部材８３及び第２部材８４を接続する接合部８５の熱伝導率が、第１部材８３及び第２部材８４を構成する部材の熱伝導率よりも低いので、第３実施形態と同様に、端子金具８１における熱伝導をさらに抑制できる。さらに、中心電極２０と端子部８６とを電気的に接続するときに絶縁体１１の軸孔１２内で接合部８５が作られるので、溶接等によって形成される接合部に比べて機械的強度が低い材料であっても接合部８５に採用できる。 According to the fourth embodiment, the thermal conductivity of the joint portion 85 connecting the first member 83 and the second member 84 arranged in the direction of the axis O is the heat of the members constituting the first member 83 and the second member 84. Since it is lower than the conductivity, the heat conduction in the terminal fitting 81 can be further suppressed as in the third embodiment. Further, since the joint portion 85 is formed in the shaft hole 12 of the insulator 11 when the center electrode 20 and the terminal portion 86 are electrically connected, the mechanical strength is higher than that of the joint portion formed by welding or the like. Even a low material can be used for the joint 85.

以上、実施の形態に基づき本発明を説明したが、本発明は上記実施の形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良変形が可能であることは容易に推察できるものである。 Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be easily inferred.

実施形態では、主体金具４０の後端部４２の先端にガスケット４５が配置されるスパークプラグ１０，６０，７０，８０について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。ガスケットを省略し、後端部４２の先端面にテーパを付け、後端部４２をエンジン５０に接触させて燃焼ガスをシールするテーパーシートタイプのスパークプラグに適用することは当然可能である。この場合、端子金具３０，６１，７１，８１の先端３４，６６，７８，８８は、後端部４２の先端面よりも後端側に位置するのが好ましい。 In the embodiment, the spark plugs 10, 60, 70, 80 in which the gasket 45 is arranged at the tip of the rear end portion 42 of the main metal fitting 40 have been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. Of course, it is possible to omit the gasket, taper the front end surface of the rear end portion 42, and apply the rear end portion 42 to the engine 50 to seal the combustion gas with a tapered sheet type spark plug. In this case, the tips 34, 66, 78, 88 of the terminal fittings 30, 61, 71, 81 are preferably located on the rear end side of the front end surface of the rear end portion 42.

第１実施形態および第２実施形態では、端子金具３０，６１の軸部３１，６２が単一の部材で形成される場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ２つ以上の部材によって軸部３１，６２を形成することは当然可能である。この場合、軸部３１，６２を構成する複数の部材は、塑性変形（かしめ）やねじ等による機械的な接合が可能である。 In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the case where the shaft portions 31 and 62 of the terminal fittings 30 and 61 are formed of a single member has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. Of course, it is possible to form the shaft portions 31 and 62 by two or more members arranged in the direction of the axis O. In this case, the plurality of members constituting the shaft portions 31 and 62 can be mechanically joined by plastic deformation (caulking), screws, or the like.

第３実施形態および第４実施形態では、軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ第１部材７３，８３及び第２部材７４，８４によって端子金具７１，８１を形成する場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。接合部を介して軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ３つ以上の部材を接続し、端子金具を形成することは当然可能である。軸線Ｏの方向に並ぶ部材の数が多いほど接合部の数が増えるので、接合部による熱伝導の抑制効果を高められる。 In the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment, the case where the terminal fittings 71 and 81 are formed by the first members 73 and 83 and the second members 74 and 84 arranged in the direction of the axis O has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. It's not a thing. Of course, it is possible to form a terminal fitting by connecting three or more members arranged in the direction of the axis O via the joint. As the number of members lined up in the direction of the axis O increases, the number of joints increases, so that the effect of suppressing heat conduction by the joints can be enhanced.

第４実施形態では、円柱状に形成された第１部材８３と有底円筒状に形成された第２部材８４とを接合する場合について説明したが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではない。反対に、第１部材８３を有底円筒状に形成し、第２部材８４を円柱状に形成し、これらを接合して端子金具の内部に閉じた空間を形成することは当然可能である。 In the fourth embodiment, the case where the first member 83 formed in a columnar shape and the second member 84 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape are joined has been described, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this. On the contrary, it is naturally possible to form the first member 83 in a bottomed cylindrical shape, form the second member 84 in a cylindrical shape, and join them to form a closed space inside the terminal fitting.

なお、各実施形態は、それぞれ、他の実施形態が有する構成の一部または複数部分を、その実施形態に追加し或いはその実施形態の構成の一部または複数部分と交換等することにより、その実施形態を変形して構成するようにしても良い。例えば、第２実施形態で説明した部材６５を、他の実施形態における端子金具３０，７１，８１の空間３３，７７，８７内に充填することは当然可能である。また、第２実施形態で説明した部材６５を省略することは当然可能である。 In addition, each embodiment is added by adding a part or a plurality of parts of the configuration of another embodiment to the embodiment or exchanging with a part or a plurality of parts of the configuration of the embodiment. The embodiment may be modified to form the configuration. For example, it is of course possible to fill the space 33, 77, 87 of the terminal fittings 30, 71, 81 in the other embodiments with the member 65 described in the second embodiment. Further, it is of course possible to omit the member 65 described in the second embodiment.

１０，６０，７０，８０スパークプラグ
１１絶縁体
１３絶縁体の後端
２０中心電極
３０，６１，７１，８１端子金具
３３，６４，７７，８７空間
３４，６６，７８，８８端子金具の先端
４０主体金具
４４主体金具の後端
６５部材
７３，８３第１部材（端子金具の一部）
７４，８４第２部材（端子金具の一部）
７５，８５接合部 10, 60, 70, 80 Spark plug 11 Insulator 13 Rear end of insulator 20 Center electrode 30, 61, 71, 81 Terminal metal fittings 33, 64, 77, 87 Space 34, 66, 78, 88 Tip of terminal metal fittings 40 Main metal fittings 44 Rear end of main metal fittings 65 Members 73, 83 First member (part of terminal metal fittings)
74,84 2nd member (part of terminal fitting)
75,85 Joint

Claims

An insulator having a shaft hole extending along the axis from the front end side to the rear end side,
A center electrode arranged on the tip side of the shaft hole and
A terminal fitting arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole and electrically connected to the center electrode,
A spark plug including a tubular main metal fitting arranged on the outer peripheral side of the insulator.
A closed space is formed in the terminal fitting.
The space exists at least on the tip side of the rear end of the main metal fitting.
The tip of the terminal fitting is located closer to the tip than the rear end of the main fitting.
A spark plug in which a substance having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is housed in the space.

An insulator having a shaft hole extending along the axis from the front end side to the rear end side,
A center electrode arranged on the tip side of the shaft hole and
A spark plug provided with a terminal fitting arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole and electrically connected to the center electrode.
A closed space is formed in the terminal fitting.
A substance having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is housed in the space .
The terminal fitting is formed by connecting a plurality of members arranged in the direction of the axis via a joint.
The joint is a spark plug having a lower thermal conductivity than the plurality of members constituting the terminal fitting.

An insulator having a shaft hole extending along the axis from the front end side to the rear end side,
A center electrode arranged on the tip side of the shaft hole and
A spark plug provided with a terminal fitting arranged on the rear end side of the shaft hole and electrically connected to the center electrode.
A closed space is formed in the terminal fitting.
A spark plug in which a member having a lower thermal conductivity than the material constituting the terminal fitting is filled in the space.

The spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the space is formed at least on the distal end side of the rear end of the insulator.

The spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the space is formed at least at a position at the rear end of the insulator.